必修5-unit1过去分词作定语或表语
英语 教学课例 GrammarThe Past Participle as the Attribute and Predicative
教学课例Module 5 Unit 1 Great ScientistsGrammar The Past Participle as the Attribute and Predicative教学设计一、教材分析（The analysis of teaching material)本节课的授课内容为人教版高中必修五第一单元的语法，这也是高中语法的一个重要内容：过去分词作定语和表语。
因为此前学生在初中阶段和高一阶段对此内容有所接触，所以在教学任务和活动的组织上，学生应该能积极参与并促进教学活动的顺利进行。
二、学情分析（The analysis of the students）本节课的授课对象为高二（15）班的全体同学。
高二（15）班的学生英语基础较差，但是大部分学生的思维活动很活跃并且合作精神也较强。
根据他们的这些特点，我将采用的教学模式不仅会体现新课标对于学生主体性作用全面实现的要求，并与我们学校提倡并贯彻的“绿色课堂”观念相贴切，即通过教师组织、引导学生通过发挥他们在课堂过程中的主体性的前提下，采用师生互动、生生互动的活动来实现我的教学目标并完成相应的教学任务。
三、教学目标（Teaching aims）1. Knowledge aimTo learn well about the usage of the past participle as the attribute and the predicative.2. Ability aimTo use the past participle as the attribute and predicative properly and correctly.3. Emotional aimTo encourage the students to like grammar learning.四、教学重难点（Teaching important and difficult points）1. How to enable the students to grasp the usage of the past participle as the attribute and the predicative.2. How to encourage the students to put what they have learned into good use.五、教学和学习方法（Teaching and learning methods）1. Task-based teaching and learning;2. Individual and cooperative learning;3. Brainstorming;六、教学辅助（Teaching aids）1.The multimedia;2.The learning paper;3.Other normal teaching tools七、教学过程（Teaching procedures）八、板书设计（Blackboard Design）课堂实录Step 1 GreetingStep 2 RevisionT: can you tell me what’s the grammar we learned in last unit?S: The usage of present participles.T: Good! We have learned the usage of present participles in last unit, so firstly, I’d like tolead you to have a revision about it . OK?S: OK!T: Now look at the screen, there are six sentences. Try to tell me what the underlined present participles are used for in these sentences? Clear?1.Walking in the street, he saw an old friend.2.Reading aloud is a good way in learning English.3.I tried to avoid making the same mistakes.4.I saw a boy getting on the bus.5.There is a swimming pool.6.The film we saw last night was very moving.S: Yes! They are used for adverbial/ subject/ object/ object complement/ attribute/ predicative/.(本部分用来复习上单元学习的现在分词的用法，从而引出非谓语的另一种形式----过去分词的用法)Step 3 warming-upT: Please take out your textbook and turn your book to page2 . Try to find out the sentences in the passage of where the past participles are used, and tell me what these past participles are used for? I will give you two minutes.( 2 mins later...)T: Have you finished it? What are these participles in the passage used for?S: Yes. They are used for the attribute and the predicative.(本部分通过从课文中找出含有过去分词作定语和表语的句子让学生对本节课的语法有着更直观的认识，从而有利于本节语法课的讲解。
必修5unit1过去分词作状语和表语
过去分词作表语, 表示被动或完成, 有时表示主语(人)所处的心理状态; 而 动词-ing作表语, 表示主动或进行。
3. 有些动词如interest, worry, surprise, frighten,等通常用其过去分词形式 来说明人的情况，用动词-ing形式 来说明物的情况。如：
[自我归纳] 1. 过去分词作定语时，表示的动作在
谓__语__动__作__之前发生，已经完成并具 有_被__动_意义（见句1）。此时，作 定语的过去分词一般是由_及__物__动 词变来的，因为只有此类动词才有 被动意义。
2. 单个的过去分词作定语, 一般放在所修饰
的名词 _之__前__ (见例句2、3); 但如果被修饰的词是
He got interested in two theories explaining how cholera killed people.
Neither its cause, nor its cure was understood.
二、过去分词作表语 [观察] 1. He became interested in two theories. 2. But he became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people exposed to cholera.
There is nothing changed here since I left this town.
3. 过去分词短语有时还可用作非限制 性定语，相当于一个非限制性定语 从句，前后用逗号分开。如： Some of them, born and brought up in rural villages, had never seen a train.
高二英语必修五第一单元-过去分词作定语和表语
Predicative
But he became inspired when he thought about help ordinary people exposed to cholera. He became interested in two theories that possibly explained how cholera killed people. He was determined to find out why.
一、过去分词作定语
3. 过去分词可作非限制性定语，相当于省 过去分词可作非限制性定语， 略式的定语从句。 略式的定语从句。 e.g ① The books, (which were) written by Lu Xun, were very popular. ② The bridge, (which was) built in 1999, is very beautiful.
Key points
“-ed” can be used as ________ and be put attribute before or after the noun that it modifies. eg. tired/exhausted/excited boy a boy called Tom “–ed” can also be put after the link-verbs (be, feel, become, get, seem…) and used as __________ . predicative eg. be interested in feel excited/frightened
二、过去分词作表语
1.过去分词作表语，表示主语的感受或 1.过去分词作表语，表示主语的感受或 过去分词作表语 感受 所处的状态。 所处的状态。 No wonder he was so excited. 可以用作表语的常见的过去分词有： 可以用作表语的常见的过去分词有： delighted, disappointed, upset, astonished, excited, frightened, interested, puzzled, exhausted, satisfied, inspired, surprised, pleased
人教版 高中英语 必修5 unit1 知识讲解 过去分词作表语和定语
人教版高中英语必修5 unit1 过去分词作表语和定语概念引入今天我们要学习过去分词作表语和定语的用法。
先看下面这些句子：1. But he became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people exposed to cholera.(inspired过去分词作表语；exposed过去分词作定语)2. So many thousands of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak.(terrified过去分词作定语)3. He became interested in two theories that possibly explained how cholera killed people.(interested 过去分词作表语)4. From the stomach the disease quickly attacked the body and soon the affected person died.(affected过去分词作定语)5. He was determined to find out why. （determined过去分词作表语）6. He found that it came from the river polluted by the dirty water from London.(polluted过去分词作定语)上面句子中的黑体词都是过去分词，句1（inspired）、句3、句5中的三个词跟在系动词became、was后作表语；而句1（exposed）、句2、句4、句6中的四个词放在名词前或后修饰名词，作定语。
那么过去分词是什么？有什么作用？我们将在本单元和下两个单元中与同学们一起学习。
语法讲解英语中动词如果不作谓语时叫非谓语动词。
过去分词作定语和表语
如果遇到复杂的句子结构，可以先简化句子，找出主干部分，再逐步添加 其他成分。
THANKS
表示状态、性质或特征描述
状态描述
过去分词可以表示主语所处的 状态，如“The window is
broken.”（窗户破了。）中 的“broken”表示窗户的状态。
性质描述
过去分词可以描述主语的性质， 如“She is interested in
music.”（她对音乐感兴趣。） 中的“interested”表示她的 性质。
01
观察句子结构，确定过去分词 短语在句中的作用，是作为定 语还是表语。
02
如果是定语，需要判断其与所 修饰名词之间的关系，主动关 系用现在分词，被动关系用过 去分词。
03
如果是表语，需要注意与主语 的逻辑关系，以及时态和语态 的一致性。
技巧二：注意时态、语态和主谓一致问题
在使用过去分词作定语或表语时，需要注意句子的时态和语态，确保过去 分词的形式与句子的时态和语态相符。
在使用过去分词时，需要结合具体的语境进行判断。通过分析上下文语境和逻辑关系，可以更准 确地理解句子的意思并选择合适的表达方式。
06
实战演练与技巧分享
练习题：识别并改正错误使用过去分词现象
错题1
The book, written by a famous writer, are very popular.
05
常见误区及注意事项
混淆现在分词与过去分词形式
要点一
误将现在分词用作定语
现在分词具有主动意义，表示动作正在进行或与谓语动作 同时发生，而过去分词则表示被动或完成意义。因此，在 需要表示被动或完成意义时，应使用过去分词而非现在分 词。
unit1必修5语法过分作定语
Unit1必修5Grammar师永霞预习检测：1.他一想到帮助那些受到霍乱威胁的普通百姓，他就感到很振奋。
2.他对于两种有可能解释霍乱是如何致人死命的理论很感兴趣。
3.每次霍乱爆发就有大批惊恐的百姓死去。
4. 自来水公司接到指示不能再让人们接触到被污染的水了5. 他发现它来源于被来自伦敦脏水污染的河流揭示目标：1.过去分词作定语和表语的意义位置2.过去分词作定语与其他语法形式的区别问题引导下的再学习Question1.Do you know the position of past participle? Look at the following expression.a stolen cara car stolen by a boy单个的过去分词作定语，往往放在被修饰的名词_____, 过去分词短语作定语往往放在被修饰的名词_____。
the invited boya river polluted by the factory去分词left表示“剩下的”作定语时，习惯上放在被修饰词的后面。
如：He ordered点了a glass of beer _________ (用剩下的钱）Question2.How can past participles be changed into an attributive clause1.words, or phrases that are known only to people with specific knowledge2.the bridge which was built last month3.All the broken windows have been repaired4.The Olympic Games, first held in 776 , did not include women5.Do you know the man seated on that stone?Question4.what forms can act as attributive/? What differences do they have?1.the boy singing a songthe song sung by the boy1. a boy sitting therethe flowers smelling sweetrise boil fall develop return retire 等不及物动词虽然不能表示被动但可以用过去分词表示完成这几个词的过去分词作定语换成定语从句时要用完成时的主动语态1.the risen sun = the sun that _______________2.the rising sun = the sun that ____________3.the fallen leaves = the leaves that ___________4. the falling leaves = the leaves that __________过去分词与现在分词的区别过去分词具有__________或__________之意现在分词具有__________或__________之意2. 4) the meeting held last week5) the meeting being held now.6) the meeting to be held next week.如果所表示的动作此刻正在发生，或是与谓语所表示的动作同时发生，且是被动关系，则用_____________来表示,如果所表示的是一个未来的动作，且是被动关系，则用__________来表示。
必修5_unit1_过去分词作定语和表语(上课用)
B. to be written
C. written
D. being written
was constructed in only 2 year.
练习二 单句改错
1. They were all amusing at what he said.
2. He was very exciting to hear the news that their team had won.
3. The situation was a bit discouraged.
depressing ~ depressed
Fill in the blank with proper words.
1. A. Nobody was interested in the story he told. B. The story he told was very interesting .
people addicted to drugs
a novel written by Luxun the advice given to the patient an old man supported by his son a school built for orphans
单个过去分词修饰 something, everything, anything, nothing,
( interested, interesting )
2. A. Everybody was excited to hear the news.
B. The news is very exciting indeed.
( excited, exciting ) 3. A. The result of the test was rather disappointing.
2018-2019学年高中英语人教版必修5Unit 1 Section Ⅲ Grammar——过去分词作定语和表语
Section Ⅲ
Grammar——过去分词作定语和表语
[语 境 自 主 领 悟]
语 境 自 主 领 悟
先观察原句 1.From the stomach the disease quickly attacked the body and soon the affected person died. 2.So many thousands of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak. 3.He found that it came from the river polluted by the dirty water from London. 4.But he became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people exposed to cholera.
返 首 页
语 境 自 主 领 悟
3．现在分词与过去分词作表语的区别 过去分词 现在分词 表示人自身的感受或事物自身的状态，常译作“感到……的” 表示事物具有的特性，常译作“令人……的”
语 法 应 用 落 实
They became so worried that they stayed awake all night.
返 首 页
语 法 精 要 点 拨
语 法 应 用 落 实
语 境 自 主 领 悟
2．过去分词作表语与被动语态的区别 过去分词作表语时，强调主语所处的状态，而动词的被动语态表示主语是动作 的承受者，强调动作。 The cup is broken.
语 法 应 用 落 实
语 法 精 要 点 拨
必修五Unit1过去分词作定语和表语
过去分词作定语和表语过去分词具有的性质，同时兼有形容词或副词的性质，在句中可以作、、状语和补足语。
定语——在句中修饰词或词的成分。
表语——是谓语的一部分，位于系动词之后，说明主语身份、特征或状态。
1. a retired teacher （）一位退休的教师2. an honored guest （）一位受尊敬的客人3. The library is now closed. （）图书馆现在关门了。
4. You seem frightened. （）你看样子受了惊吓。
一、过去分词作定语修饰名词或代词1、单个的过去分词作定语一般放在名词的前面，过去分词短语作定语通常放在被修饰的词后面.1.The encouraged people are excited.2. The broken cup is thrown away.3. I want to write stories about people addicted to drugs.4. We are studying in a school built 70 years ago.2、有些过去分词作前置定语和后置定语时意义不同。
in the given time （）with the words given（）a concerned look （）the people concerned（）a wanted person （）workers wanted （）3、过去分词修饰something, everything, anything, nothing, somebody, nobody等不定代词或指示代词those时，要放在这些词的后面。
He is one of those invited.Nothing reported (in the newspaper) interested him.使用过去分词作定语要注意：(1)及物动词（vt.）的过去分词，既表示被动意思又表示动作的完成；不及物动词（vi.）的过去分词只表示动作的完成。
人教版必修五unit1动词过去分词作定语和表语
a snow-covered city
what kind of water can we drink?
• boiling water • boiled water
• the bridge built • the bridge being built • the bridge to be built
5. Most of the artists _____ to the party were from South Africa. (’90NMET) A. invited B. to invite C. being invited D. had been invited
6. As soon as she entered the room, the girl caught sight of the flowers ____ by her mother. (’93上海) A.buying B. being bought C. were bought D. bought
• 一、翻译并把它们变为过去分词 • boil pollute borrow break • Answer：煮，污染，借，打碎/打破
• • • • • • 二、翻译 煮沸的水 被污染的水 借来的书 打碎的花瓶 动词分词可以做什么成分？？
• • • • • •
译 A used stamp A fallen leaf An injured finger The phone made in Japan The girl dressed in white dress
air
Tibetan goats
building s
shoe
Use –ed forms to finish the story
必修5unit1过去分词作定语或表语
过去分词作定语或表语【教学内容】过去分词作定语或表语【教学目标】熟练掌握过去分词作定语或表语时的不同用法【教学重难点】过去分词作定语或表语的用法、过去分词和动词的-ing形式和不定式的区别【教学过程】▼动词的-ed形式的句法功能一、作表语动词的-ed形式作表语，表示主语的某种性质或状态。
A.状态性动词的-ed形式作表语例：1.The shop has remained shut for a week.这家商店关门一周了。
2.All the people present were already seated. Waiting for the conference to start.所有到场的人都已入座，等着会议的开始。
B.形容词性的动词的-ed形式作表语注：动词的-ed形式作表语表示事物的性质，这些词往往被视为形容词，可以用very修饰。
例：1.Most of middle school students are interested in pop stars and NBA star players.大多数中学生对流行歌手和NBA明星感兴趣。
2.I was very surprised to see little Jimmy run so fast in the game.在比赛中看见小吉米跑的这么快，我非常惊讶。
【随即随练】翻译1.看完信后，他显得很忧虑。
He looked worried after reading the letter.2.商店关门了。
The shop is closed.3.她对那个故事感兴趣。
She is interested in the story.4.她觉得困惑甚至有点害怕。
She felt confused,and even frightened.二、作定语动词的-ed形式作定语有的置于被修饰词的前面，有的置于被修饰词的后面。
A.置于被修饰词的前面单个的-ed形式作定语往往置于被修饰词的前面，及物动词的-ed形式，表示被动和完成意义，不及物动词的-ed形式仅表示完成意义。
必修五Unit 1 Section Ⅲ Grammar——过去分词作定语和表语
[即时演练 5] (1)用所给词的适当形式填空 ①(福建高考改编)In April, thousands of holidaymakers
stuck (stick) abroad due to the volcanic ash cloud. remained ______
②(四川高考改编) Ladies and gentlemen, please remain
[即时演练 3]
完成句子
①(陕西高考改编)刚才警察询问的目击者对这次打架给出了完 全不同的描述。
questioned by the police just now gave very The witnesses ________________________
different descriptions of the fight. ②(山东高考改编)除了一个书橱在墙角外，房间里空空荡荡。
This is the question discussed yesterday. 这是昨天讨论的问题。(表被动和完成) (2)不及物动词的过去分词作定语，它不表示被动意义，只 强调动作完成。 fallen leaves 落叶 the risen sun 升起的太阳
a retired teacher 一位退休教师
South Africa.
to be finished (finish) next year is sponsored ③The project ______________
(赞助) by his company.
to be completed (complete) ④(四川高考改编)The airport ________________
standing in one The room is empty except for a bookshelf __________________
人教版高中英语必修五：Unit 1 Great scientists 语法归纳 过去分词作表语和定语
§语法归纳过去分词作表语和定语1.过去分词作定语过去分词作定语与所修饰词之间存在两种意义关系：一是及物动词表被动意义（或已完成的被动动作）；二是不及物动词表示完成意义。
an organized trip有组织的旅行(被动)The question discussed was very important.被讨论的问题非常重要。
(即表被动又表完成)boiled water开水(完成)fallen leaves落叶(完成)(1)单个的过去分词作定语一般放在被修饰的名词之前，有时也放在被修饰的名词之后。
My friend is a returned student.我的朋友是个归国的留学生。
The excited people rushed into the hall.激动的人们冲进大厅。
There is no time left.没有多少时间了。
(2)过去分词短语作定语要放在被修饰的名词后面，作后置定语，作用相当于一个定语从句。
The student dressed in white is my daughter.＝The student who is dressed in white is my daughter.穿白色衣服的学生是我的女儿。
Is there anything planned for tonight?＝Is there anything that has been planned for tonight?今晚安排了什么活动没有？The book, written in 1957, tells the struggle of the miners.＝The book, which was written in 1957, tells the struggle of the miners.这本书是1957年写的，讲的是关于矿工斗争的故事。
2.过去分词作表语过去分词作表语，表示主语所处的状态（用作表语的过去分词大多已形容词化）。
Book5 unit1_语法-过去分词作定语和表语
过去分词做表语、定语
Revision V-ing form
一、动词-ing形式作表语
1 表示主语的内容 ,可以转换到句首作主语 Her job is keeping the classroom as clean as possible. (= Keeping the classroom as clean as possible is her job) 2 表示主语具有的特征、性质和状态(动词ing 相当一 个形容词） The story is quite interesting. This book is very boring.
该题考查分词作表语的用法。“to
pay sb. by the hour” 计时给某人报酬。 此题被动结构作表语。类似的有：get burnt, get hurt , get wounded.
• What he has done is really ____.Now C his parents are _____ him. A. disappointing; B. disappointing; C. disappointing; D. disappointed; disappointed at disappointed about disappointed with disappointing by
现在分词与过去分词区别 1.语态上
现在分词: 表示主动的动作
过去分词: 表示被动的动作
I heard someone opening the door . I heard the door opened .
现在分词: 表示正在进行的动作
2.时间上
过去分词: 表示已经完成的意思
必修五 unit1 Grammar--过去分词作定语、表语
changed condition 改变了的情况 changing condition 变化着的情况
developed countries 发达国家 developing countries 发展中国家
the risen sun 升起了的太阳 the rising sun 正在升起的太阳 boiled water boiling water 开水 正沸腾的水
注意： 2)-ed形式修饰代词时，应置于代词 之后。 He is one of those invited. 3)有些过去分词作定语，前置和后 置的意义不同。 This is a used car. The method used is very efficient.
过去分词作定语
意义
不及物动词的过去分词作定语，只表示 动作已完成，不表示被动意义；及物动 词的过去分词作定语表示被动意义或已 完成的被动动作。 只表完成，不表被动(vi.) -ed作定语 表示被动(vt.) 表示被动和完成(vt.)
过去分词作表语
位于系动词后，不表示“被动”或“完成”， 而表示主语的状态或情绪，相当于形容词。
1.They are excited. 2.He looked worried after reading the letter. 3.When we heard of this, we were deeply moved.
7.a vase broken by…
6.astonished children 6.children astonished at/by… 7.a broken vase
8.a closed door 9.the tired audience 10.a trapped animal
(完整版)人教版高中英语必修五Unit1知识点详解
必修5 Unit1 Great scientistsPart 1. Warming up1.explain及物动词（vt.）解释;说明;阐明[(+to)][+wh-][+(that)]He explained that he had been cheated. 他解释说他是上当受骗了。
Can you explain how the machine operates?你能解释一下这机器是如何运转的吗?Please explain this rule to me.请给我讲解一下这条规则。
不及物动词（vi.）解释;说明;辩解I've got to explain about it. 我得解释一下此事。
2.characteristicn. 特征；特性Kindness is one of his characteristics.adj. 独特的I heard my friend’s characteristic laugh.be characteristic of sb./sth. 是.....的特性Such bluntness is characteristic of hin. 如此迟钝是他的特性。
3. Who put forward a theory about black holes?put forward 提出（建议等）；提名;提前，把时钟往前拨He put forward a new plan. 他提出一个新计划。
May I put your name forward as a possible chairman of the committee?我能否提名你当委员会主席？[归纳拓展]put down 记下；镇压put out 关掉；熄灭put aside 放在一边；储存；保留put off 推迟；延期put up 建造；举起；张贴put on 穿上put away 收好选词填空（put off, put up, put forward, put aside, put out）①The plan that you _____ at the meeting is wonderful.②Many tall buildings were _____ along the road.③Firefighters have been called to _____ the fire in the city center.④He has a little money to _____ for a rainy day.⑤Don’t _____ until tomorrow what can be done today.Part 2. Pre-reading, reading and comprehending1. Do you know how to prove a new idea in scientific researchhow to prove a new idea 为“疑问词+不定式”结构，该结构可在句中作主语、宾语、表语等。
人教高中英语必修5Unit1过去分词做定语、表语 (共35张PPT)
1.从语态上讲，过去分词一般表示_被__动____。 2.从时态上讲，过去分词表示已__经__完__成___的动作。
Poem: Twenty Years Later
Twenty years later, I’ll be a retired teacher Seated by the side of a clear river
Past participle used as the attribute & predictive
a polluted river
broken trees
an injured bird
littered wastepaper
过去分词 作定语的 基本特点
1. This is a polluted river. 2. It's an injured bird. 3. There are two broken trees. 4. Much littered wastepaper is in the street. 5. This is the best novel of its kind ever written. 6. Who are the guests invited to the party?
_f_a_ll_e_n_ leaves (fall) _fa_l_li_n_g__ leaves (fall)
a _d_e_v_el_o_p_e_d_ country a _d_e_v_e_l_o_p_in__g country
(develop)
(develop)
differences
1 the rising sun 2 the risen sun 3 falling leaves 4 fallen leaves 5 a developing country 6 a developed country
2019年英语新同步浙江专用必修五讲义：Unit 1 Section Ⅲ Grammar—_过去分词作定语和表语
Section_ⅢGrammar—_过去分词作定语和表语语法图解探究发现①But he became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people exposed to cholera.②So many thousands of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak.③He became interested in two theories that possibly explained how cholera killed people.④From the stomach the disease quickly attacked the body and soon the affected person died.⑤He was determined to find out why.⑥He found that it came from the river polluted by the dirty water from London.⑦He immediately told the astonished people in Broad Street to remove the handle from the pump so that it could not be used.⑧With this extra evidence John Snow was able to announce with certainty that polluted water carried the germs.[我的发现](1)例句①②④⑥⑦⑧中的过去分词(短语)作定语。
(2)例句②④⑦⑧中为单个的过去分词作定语，常常放于被修饰名词的前面；例句①⑥中过去分词短语作定语，常常放于被修饰名词的后面。
高考英语必修五讲义Unit1SectionⅢGrammar—_过去分词作定语和表语
Section_ⅢGrammar—_过去分词作定语和表语语法图解探究发现①But he became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people exposed to cholera.②So many thousands of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak.③He became interested in two theories that possibly explained how cholera killed people.④From the stomach the disease quickly attacked the body and soon the affected person died.⑤He was determined to find out why.⑥He found that it came from the river polluted by the dirty water from London.⑦He immediately told the astonished people in Broad Street to remove the handle from the pump so that it could not be used.⑧With this extra evidence John Snow was able to announce with certainty that polluted water carried the germs.[我的发现](1)例句①②④⑥⑦⑧中的过去分词(短语)作定语。
(2)例句②④⑦⑧中为单个的过去分词作定语，常常放于被修饰名词的前面；例句①⑥中过去分词短语作定语，常常放于被修饰名词的后面。
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过去分词作定语或表语【教学内容】过去分词作定语或表语【教学目标】熟练掌握过去分词作定语或表语时的不同用法【教学重难点】过去分词作定语或表语的用法、过去分词和动词的-ing形式和不定式的区别【教学过程】▼动词的-ed形式的句法功能一、作表语动词的-ed形式作表语，表示主语的某种性质或状态。
A.状态性动词的-ed形式作表语例：1.The shop has remained shut for a week.这家商店关门一周了。
2.All the people present were already seated. Waiting for the conference to start.所有到场的人都已入座，等着会议的开始。
B.形容词性的动词的-ed形式作表语注：动词的-ed形式作表语表示事物的性质，这些词往往被视为形容词，可以用very修饰。
例：1.Most of middle school students are interested in pop stars and NBA star players.大多数中学生对流行歌手和NBA明星感兴趣。
2.I was very surprised to see little Jimmy run so fast in the game.在比赛中看见小吉米跑的这么快，我非常惊讶。
【随即随练】翻译1.看完信后，他显得很忧虑。
He looked worried after reading the letter.2.商店关门了。
The shop is closed.3.她对那个故事感兴趣。
She is interested in the story.4.她觉得困惑甚至有点害怕。
She felt confused,and even frightened.二、作定语动词的-ed形式作定语有的置于被修饰词的前面，有的置于被修饰词的后面。
A.置于被修饰词的前面单个的-ed形式作定语往往置于被修饰词的前面，及物动词的-ed形式，表示被动和完成意义，不及物动词的-ed形式仅表示完成意义。
例：1.We only sell used books in our bookstore.我们的书店只卖用过的书。
2.The lost time can never be found again.失去的时间永远也找不回来。
3.The ground is covered with fallen leaves.地上盖满了落叶。
B.特殊的动词-ed形式作定语有些经常不单独用作定语的动词的-ed形式，在加上前缀un-或与某些副词、名词和形容词构成复合词后，可作前置定语。
●untold sufferings 说不出的痛苦●newly laid eggs 刚下的鸡蛋●deep-set eyes 深陷的眼睛●unfinished work 没完成的工作C.置于被修饰词的后面单个动词的-ed形式作定语时偶尔也可置于被修饰词的后面，但大多数作后置定语的是动词的-ed形式短语，其作用相当于定语从句。
例：1.Things seen are mightier than things heard.眼见为实，耳听为虚。
2.The story written by a middle school student is popular in schools.由一名中学生写的这个故事在学校中很流行。
（相当于The story which was written by a middle school student is popular in schools.)【牛刀小试】翻译1.去年建的那座楼是为我们的老师们建的。
The building built last year is for our teachers.2.全家人住在一所新房子里。
The whole family live in a newly-built house.3.在秋天你到处可以看到落叶。
You can see fallen leaves everywhere in autumn.▼动词的-ing形式和-ed形式在句中皆可作表语。
区别如下：①动词的-ing形式和-ed形式作表语动词的-ing形式作表语说明主语的性质、特征或表示主动概念，动词的-ed形式作表语说明主语的状态或表示被动概念。
例：1.What he said is rather disappointing.他的讲话很令人失望。
2.They were deeply moved to hear the old man’s story.听到老人的故事，他们被深深地打动了。
▼过去分词作表语与被动语态之间的区别过去分词作表语表示主语所处的状态或情绪状况，而被动语态则表示动作的执行者是谁，有着非常强烈的动作的意味。
例：1.My glasses are broken.我的眼镜碎了。
（状态）2.My glasses were broken by my son.我的眼镜被我儿子打碎了。
（动作）▼动作发生的时间性不同作定语时，动词的-ed形式常表示动作发生的时间早于谓语动词，或者没有一定的时间性，只表示被动关系，或只表示完成。
例：1.The bridge built last year cost $120,000.去年建的这座桥花了120,000美元。
（既表示被动又表示完成）2.I don’t like to hear songs sung by Jackson.我不喜欢听杰克逊的歌。
（只表示被动，没有一定的时间性）3.All the fallen leaves have been cleared away.所有落叶都被清扫干净了。
（表示完成，并没有被动意味）▼不定式与动词的-ing形式和-ed形式皆可作定语，但其用法和意义差别很大。
①时态意义不同不定式与动词的-ing形式和-ed形式作定语的区别主要表现在时态上：不定式作定语通常指将来的动作；动词的-ing形式作定语指正在进行的动作；动词的-ed形式作定语指已经完成的动作。
例：1.I have to work extra hours this evening, for I have three letters to write.我有三封信要写，今晚得加班。
2.Do you know the man sitting in the middle of the first row?你认识坐在第一排中间的那个人吗？3.Have you read any short stories translated by Lu Xun?你读过鲁迅先生翻译的短篇小说吗？②现在分词和过去分词作定语的意义区别Developing countries 发展中国家Developed countries 发达国家An exciting voice 一个令人兴奋的声音An excited voice 一个兴奋的声音【活学活用】用所给词的适当形式填空1.Mr.Smith, tired (tire) of the boring (bore)speech, started to read a novel.2.The girl let out a frightened (frighten) voice at the sight of the snake.3.His frightening (frighten) voice scared the boys away.*语法点津*辨别作定语的是现在分词还是过去分词，取决于分词与所修饰的名词之间的逻辑关系：主动关系用现在分词，被动关系用过去分词。
▼动词的-ed形式的结构特征注：动词的-ed形式通常是由原形动词后的-ed构成的，但也有不规则的形式，又称过去分词。
动词的-ed 形式仍保留动词的许多特征，在句中可有自己的状语和逻辑主语，带双宾语的及物动词构成的-ed形式还可以有自己的宾语。
其否定式是在其前面加not.例：1.Given enough care, the children can cooperate better.如果给予更多的关心，孩子们会合作得更好。
（带有自己的宾语）2.Greatly encouraged, we made up our mind to carry on the hard work.由于受到了很大鼓舞，我们决心将艰苦的工作进行到底。
（带有自己的状语）3.Not knowing in time, the injured woman died soon.由于没有得到及时的治疗，那个受伤的女人很快就死了。
【随堂练习】一、单项选择1.The engine just won’t start.Something seems B wrong with it.A.to goB.to have goneC.goingD.having gone2.Will you attend the meeting C on Saturday.A.heldB.being heldC.to be heldD.hold3.Please remain B ; the winner of the prize will be announced soon.A.seatingB.seatedC.to seatD.to be seated4.The picture B on the wall is painted by my nephew.A.having hungB.hangingC.hangsD.being hung5.The first textbook D for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16th century.A.have writtenB.to be writtenC.being writtenD.written6.Volunteering gives you a chance D lives, including your own.A.changeB.changingC.changedD.to change7.In some languages,100 words make up half of all words D in daily conversations.ingB.to useC.having useded8.The room is empty except for a bookshelf A in one corner.A.standingB.to standC.standsD.stood9.Haven’t you seen the sign D “NO PHOTO”?——I’m sorry I didn’t.A.readsB.to readC.readD.reading10.The airport B next year will help promote tourism in this area.A.being completedB.to be completedpletedD.having been completed二、根据所提示的单词完成句子1.Those who can tell the police what the missing boy is dressed in (失踪的孩子穿什么衣服）will be awarded.(miss,dress)2.It is said that the wave broken/which/that was (is) broken by him (被他打破的)is worth a lot of money.(break)3.When the teacher heard the news,he seemed/looked quite delight (看上去十分高兴）（delight）【课后作业】一、单项选择1.He didn’t understand the A question, so there was a expression on his face.A.puzzling;puzzledB.puzzling;puzzlingC.puzzled;puzzledD.puzzled;puzzling2.The bell A the end of the period rang, our heated discussion.A.indicating;interruptingB.indicated;interruptingC.indicating;interruptedD.indicated;interrupted3.Linda worked for the Minesota Manufacturing and Mining Company, B as 3M.A.knowingB.knownC.being knownD.to be known3.The last one C pays the meals.——Agreed!A.arrivedB.arrivesC.to arriveD.arriving4.The prize of the game show is $30,000 and an all expenses B vacation to China.A.payingB.paidC.to be paidD.being paid5.Recently a survey B prices of the same goods in two different supermarkets has caused heated debate among citizens.paredparingparesD.being compared6.The witnesses A by the police just now gave very different descriptions of the flight.A.questionedB.being questionedC.to be questionedD.having questioned7.Look over there——there’s a very long, winding path A up to the house.A.leadingB.leadsC.ledD.to lead8.There have been several new events D to the program for 2008 Beijing Olympic Games.A.addB.to addC.addingD.added9.The play C next month aims mainly to reflect the local culture.A.producedB.being producedC.to be producedD.having been produced10.The pilot asked all the passengers on board to remain C as the plane was making a landing.A.seatB.seatingC.seatedD.to be seating11.The airport B next year will help promote tourism in this area.A.being completedB.to be completedpletedD.having been completed二、完成句子1.The witness questioned by the police (警察盘问的）just now gave very different description of the flight.（question)2.The room is empty except for a bookshelf standing in the corner （立在一个角落里）(stand)3.Why do you always look so tired (看上去很疲劳）？Do you sleep well these days?(tire)4.The children are very excited about (非常兴奋）going to the zoo.(exciting)4.Prices of some goods bought/which(that) are bought (买）through the Internet may be lower than shop prices.(buy)。