词汇学自考试题集中

词汇学自考试题集中

Chapter 3

15. Affixes added to the end of words to indicate grammatical relationships are known as ( )

A. bound roots

B. free morphemes

C. inflectional morphemes

D. derivational affixes

C

20. Almost ,all affixes are ________morphemes because few can be used as independent words.

Bound

V. Define the following terms. (10%)

45. allomorph

Some morphemes, however,are realized by more than one morph according to their position in a word. Such alternative morphs are known as allomorphs.

48. How do you distinguish inflectional affixes and derivational affixes?

Suggested answers: Inflectional affixes are affixes (1) attached to the end of words; (2) to indicate grammatical relationships, while derivational affixes are affixes; (3) added to other morphemes; (4) to

create new words.

50. Analyse the morphological structures of the following words and point out the types of the morphemes.

unbearable, international, ex-prisoner.

suggested answers:Each of the three words consists of three morphemes unbearable(un+bear+able), international

(inter+nation+al), ex-prisoner(er+prison+er).

2)Of the nine morphemes, only bear, nation and prison are free morphemes as they can exist by themselves.

3)All the rest un-,-able,inter-,-al, ex-and-er are bound as none of them can stand alone as words.

19. Morphemes which are identical with root words are considered to be ______.

Free

13. Structurally a（）is the smallest meaningful unit of a language.

A. morpheme

B. stem

C. word

D. compound

A

14. Unlike affixes,（）are often free morphemes.

A. suffixes

B. prefixes

C. inflectional morphemes

D. roots

D

46. What is the difference between prefixation and suffixation? Explain with two examples. Prefixation does not change the word-class of the the stem. It only modifies its meaning, e.g. treat—maltreat.

Suffixation changes the word-class instead of its meaning.

e.g. play-player.

7. The smallest functioning unit in the composition of words is ______.( )

A. morpheme

B. affixes

C. root

D. stem

A

9. The plural morpheme "-s" is pronounced as/s/in the following words EXCEPT ______.

( ) A. packs B. bags

C. cheats

D. ships

B

42. derivational affix

Affixes added to other morphemes to create new words.

7．The plural morpheme “-s” is realized by /s/after the following sounds EXCEPT ______.

（）

A．/t/ B．/g/

C．/p/ D．/k/

B

8．There are ______ free morphemic words in the following: bird, man, red, collection.（）A．one B．two

C．three D．four

C

9．The following words have derivational affixes EXCEPT ______.（）

A．works B．prewar

C．postwar D．bloody

A

Ⅳ．Define the following terms.

51．morpheme

The smallest functional unit in the composition of words.