英美文化考题翻译

UK Unit 1 The COUNTRY
1. Read the following statements carefully and then decide whether they are true or false. Put a “T” if you think the statement is true and an “F” if it is not.
United Kingdom and Northern Island is located in northern Europe. ( F )英国和北爱尔兰坐落在北欧。

（注：北爱尔兰是英国的一部分，而英国位于西欧，即Western Europe，是一个岛国）
2.The United Kingdom consists of four political divisions ------ England,
Scotland, Wales and Ireland. ( F )
英国包含四个政治分区，分别是英格兰，苏格兰，威尔士和爱尔兰。

（注：爱尔兰是西欧的一个国家，此处应为“北爱尔兰”即Norther Island，这才是英国的一个地区。

）
3.England is one of the two large islands in the British Isles. ( F )
英格兰是不列颠群岛上的两个大岛屿之一。

（注：不列颠群岛包括大不列颠岛、爱尔兰岛、马恩岛及附近的5 500多个小岛；
英国全称为大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国，有大不列颠岛上的英格兰，苏格兰，威尔士和爱尔兰岛上的北爱尔兰组成。

大不列颠岛和爱尔兰岛才是不列颠群岛上的两个大岛屿，英格兰是大不列颠岛上的岛屿之一。

）
4.The British Isles are made up of three large islands and hundreds of small
ones. ( F )不列颠群岛由三个大岛屿和许多小岛屿组成。

（注：由两个大岛屿和其他小岛组成，大岛屿为大不列颠岛和爱尔兰岛）
5.Wales lies on the east coast of the island of Great Britain. ( F )
威尔士坐落在大不列颠岛的东海岸。

（注：威尔士坐落在大不列颠岛的西海岸，即west coast）
6.The Commonwealth of Nations is a free association of independent countries
that all used to be colonies of Britain. ( F )
英联邦是独立国家的自由组合，而且这些国家过去都被殖民过。

（注：英联邦—英语：Commonwealth of Nations，是一个以英国为主导的国家联合体，由54个主权国家（含属地）所组成，成员大多为前大英帝国的殖民地或附属国，但并非所有。

）
7.In Scotland, rugged mountains, green valleys, and deep, blue lakes provide
some of the most beautiful scenery in Europe. ( T )
在苏格兰，崎岖的山岭，绿色的山谷和深蓝色的湖为欧洲展现了最美的风景。

8.Britain’s longest river is the Thames. ( F )
英国最长的河流是泰晤士河。

（注：英国最长的河流是塞汶河Severn）
9.The largest lake in Britain is the Lough Neagh in northwest England.( F )
英国最大的湖是位于英格兰西北部的内伊湖。

（注：内伊湖作为英国最大的湖泊，位于北爱尔兰的中部）
10.Britain’s climate is influenced by the Gulf Stream, a warm ocean current
that sweeps up from the equator and flows past the British Isles. ( T )英国的气候受到墨西哥湾暖流的影响，从赤道流向大不列颠群岛。

2. The following are questions or incomplete sentences. Below each sentence or question four possible answers marked A, B, C and D are provided. Choose the ONE that best completes the sentence or answers the question.
1. The British Isles are made up of __C_____.
不列颠群岛由什么组成？
A. three large islands and hundreds of small ones.
B. three large islands and dozens of small ones.
C. two large islands and hundreds of small ones.（两个大岛屿和好几百个小
岛屿）
D. two large islands and dozens of small ones.
2.Which of the following is NOT a political division on the island of Great
Britain?___C___
下面哪一个不是大不列颠群岛上的政治分区？
A. England
B. Scotland
C. Northern Ireland（北爱尔兰）
D. Wales
（注：北爱尔兰在爱尔兰岛上）
3.Britain is separated from the rest of Europe by the English Channel in the
__B___ and the North Sea in the east.
英国通过南边的英吉利海峡和东边的北海与欧洲的其他国家相分隔。

A. east
B. south
C. west
D. north
Republic of Ireland became independent in the year__D__.
爱尔兰共和国是在哪一年独立的？
A. 1920
B. 1945
C. 1918
D. 1949
highest mountain in Britain, Ben Nevis, lies in ___A___.
英国最高的山——本尼维斯山，坐落在？
A. the Highlands （高原地区）
B. the Southern Uplands
C. the Central Lowlands
D. the Lake District
6.The British Empire was replaced by the British Commonwealth or the Commonwealth of Nations in _B____.
大英帝国被英联邦所取代是在哪一年？
A. 1921
B. 1931
C. 1945
D. 1950
7.All the following are natural zones in Scotland, except __C___.
以下所有的都是苏格兰的自然区，除了____？
A. Highlands in the north
B. the Central lowlands
C. the Eastern lowlands （东部低地）
D. the Southern uplands
8.The mountain system the Pennines is often called the backbone of __A___.奔您山脉常常被称为是_____的支柱性山系？
A. England（英格兰）
B. Scotland
C. Great Britain
D. Ireland
9.The regional capital of Northern Ireland is ___D__.
北爱尔兰的首都是？
A. Glasgow
B. Edinburgh
C. Cardiff
D. Belfast（贝尔法斯特）
10.Which of the following statements about the climate in Britain is NOT true?___B___
关于英国的气候，下面哪一个是错误的？
A. Britain’s climate is of the maritime type
B. Winters in Britain are extremely cold（英国的冬天极度寒冷）
注：英国属温带海洋性气候。

全年温和湿润，四季寒暑变化不大。

C. Summers in Britain are cool
D. Britain is warmer than Harbin in winter
Unit 2 THE PEOPLE
Quiz
1. Read the following statements carefully and then decide whether they are true or false. Put a “T” if you think the statement is true and an “F” if it is not.
1. The English, the Scots, and the Welsh are Anglo-Saxons, but the Irish are
Celts. ( F )
英格兰人，苏格兰人和威尔士人是盎格鲁萨克逊人，但是爱尔兰人是凯尔特人。

（注：英国民族大体上分原住民凯尔特民族以及北欧来的盎格鲁——撒克逊民族。

苏格兰人和爱尔兰人是凯尔特人）
2.London and England as a whole have great influence over the rest of the United
Kingdom because of their large population. ( T )
由于人口众多，伦敦和英格兰对英联邦的其他地区产生了很大的影响。

3.People of Indian, Pakistani, and Bangladeshi origin are the largest group of
immigrants in Britain. ( T )
在英国，来自印度、巴基斯坦和孟加拉国的人组成了最大的移民团体。

pared with the rest of the world, the UK has a smaller percentage of older
people and a higher percentage of younger people. ( F )
与世界的其它部分相比，英国老年人所占比例更少，年轻人所占比例更大。

（注：英国老龄化比较严重）
5.The Welsh language is the official language in Wales. ( T )
威尔士的官方语言是威尔士语。

6.Scottish Gaelic is the official language in Scotland. ( F )
苏格兰盖尔语是苏格兰的官方语言。

（注：苏格兰盖尔语是苏格兰的传统语言，其官方语言是英语）
7.The English language is the predominant language in Northern Ireland. ( T )
英语是北爱尔兰的主要语言。

8.English people all strive to free themselves of regional or local accents in
order to sound like educated English-speaking people. ( F )
为了听起来像受过英语口语训练的人，英国人都尝试从地方或当地的口音重摆脱出来。

（注：部分英国人依旧说本地语言，并非都摆脱，题目过于绝对）
9.Social class in the UK lays more emphasis on money and property. ( F )
英国人的社会地位更多地强调金钱和财产。

（注：多方面，不只是金钱）
10.Britishness is associated with political, historical, technological,
sporting, and cultural achievements in Britain. ( T )
英国人的风格与英国的政治，历史，技术，体育和文化成就密切相关。

2. The following are questions or incomplete sentences. Below each sentence or question four possible answers marked A, B, C and D are provided. Choose the ONE that best completes the sentence or answers the question.
1. The English people and the English language were born from the union of
___D____.
英国人和英国语言源自于？
A. the Angles and the Saxons.
B. Germanic conquerors and the Norman French.
C. Danes or Vikings and the Norman French.
D. Norman conquerors and the defeated Anglo-Saxons.
（诺曼征服和击败盎格鲁撒克逊人）
2.The first known settlers of Britain were__A___.
英国最初的移居者是什么人？
A. the Iberians（伊比利亚人）
B. the Beaker Folk
C. the Celts
D. the Romans
3.About 80,000 Scots speak Gaelic which is an ancient __D___.
大约8万个苏格兰人所说的盖尔语是古老的____?
A. Scottish language
B. English language
C. Irish language
D. Celtic language（塞尔特语）
4.About three million people have migrated to Britain since World War II. They are mainly from the West Indies, India and ___D____.
二战以后，大约三百万人口迁移到英国，他们主要来自拉丁美洲，印度和____?
A. Indonesia
B. Singapore
C. Hong Kong, China
D. Pakistan（巴基斯坦）
5.In Britain ____ of the population is urban and ____ is
在英国，城市人口占总数的90%，农村人口占10%。

A. 90%; 10%
B. 80%; 20%
C. 70%; 30%
D. 60%; 40%
6.The ancestors of the Welsh were the ancient___A___.
威尔士人的祖先是古老的___凯尔特人______.
A. Celts（凯尔特人）
B. Romans
C. Normans
D. Britons
7.The average population density in Britain is __A____ people per square kilometer.
在英国，每250米中的平均人口密度是？
A. 250
B. 370
C. 800
D. 500
8.During the fifth century when the Roman Empire fell, the Germanic __D__invaded and conquered Britain.
当十五世纪罗马帝国覆灭的时候，德国的____入侵并征服了英国？
A. Angles and Celts
B. Angles and Picts
C. Angles and Brythons
D. Angles and Saxons（盎格鲁撒克逊人）
9.The upper class in Britain consists of all the following except_D__.
英国的上层阶级不包括？
A. peerage
B. gentry
C. landowners
D. Professionals（专家）
10.“Britishness” can be reflected in all the following except___D___.
以下哪一个不能代表英国人的风格？
A. Union Jack
B. Conservativeness
C. the Beatles
D. Football（足球）
Unit 3 HISTORY
Quiz
1.Read the following statements carefully and then decide whether they are true
or false. Put a “T” if you think the statement is true and an “F” if it is not.
[F] 1. The successful Roman invasion took place in43 AD, headed by the Emperor
Julius Caesar.
罗马成功入侵发生在公元43世纪，由君主凯撒领导。

（注：凯撒入侵在公元前55世纪，而公元43世纪是克劳狄一世入侵）
[T] 2. The name “England” derived from the Angles, one of the Germanic tribes who came to England in the 5th and 6th centuries.
“英格兰”这一命名来源于盎格鲁人，他们是5世纪和6世纪到英国的日耳曼部落。

[F] 3. The Magna Carta set out the rules which were to form the basis for the Parliament which op0erates in England today.
大宪章中制定的法规成为国会的基础，在今天仍旧实施。

------原因不是特别确定（注：大宪章是英国宪法的基础，后来不用了，但其内容仍然在宪法中有所表现）[F] 4. The Black Death ravaged England, carrying off three fourths of the population.
黑死病破坏了英国，而且夺去四分之三人的生命。

（注：人口死亡约45%，不到二分之一）
[T] 5. During Edward III’s reign, the war with France known as the Hundred Year s’War began.
在爱德华三世统治期间，英法战争被认为是百年战争的开始。

[T] 6. The Wars of the Roses were in the main a great contest for Crown between the rival houses of York and Lancaster.
玫瑰战争是约克王朝和兰卡斯特两大家族关于王位的对抗。

[F] 7. Queen Mary was a follower of the Church of England and was determined to make England once again a Protestant country.
玛丽女王是英国国教的追随者，她决心将英国再一次变为新教徒的国家。

（玛丽女王致力于平衡新教和天主教之间的关系）
[T] 8. Jame s’ son, Charles I, who succeeded him in 1625, also thought that his right to rule was God-given.
詹姆斯的儿子查理一世，在1625年继承了王位，并且认为“君权神授”。

[T] 9. As a result of land enclosure, a new class hostility was introduced into rural relationship.
由于圈地运动，一场新的阶级战争在农村地区爆发了。

[T] 10. The establishment of the Britain East India Company in 1600 was a case of economic penetration.
英国在1600年成立的东印度公司是一场经济渗透。