托福真题：真题库：托福考试真题测试-托福真题
托福(听力)历年真题试卷汇编10(题后含答案及解析)
托福（听力）历年真题试卷汇编10(题后含答案及解析) 题型有：1. Listening ComprehensionSection One：Listening Comprehension听力原文：Listen to a conversation between a student (S) and a university employee (E).S: Wow! Your store isn’t too easy to find.E: You can say that. They’ve moved us to the basement.S: Well, I made it anyway. Could I get some color copies of this flier?E: Sure, how many do you need?S: 500. It’s for a fundraiser I’m organizing, and I need enough copies for each faculty and staff member, also a few to put on bulletin boards.E: Really? What fundraiser?S: Oh, it’s to raise money for a new sandbox at the preschool on campus.E: Oh, do you work there? My wife and I looked into the preschool for our daughter, but we arrived on campus too late for her to enroll.I just started at the university this semester, so maybe we’ll get her in next year.S: No, not exactly. I’m majoring in early childhood education. For a research paper I’ve been spending time there observing the different ways they teach pre-reading skills. I was really surprised by all the learning tools and techniques that they use in the classroom and even on the playground.E: Yea? It’s interesting what they do with kids these days.S: Anyway, there’s another thing that surprised me. I had no idea how sparse their playground is—just a slide, some balls, and a couple of swings for about 45 children! The director told me she’d love to have a big sandbox too, which got me some thinking. I have to do 20 hours of community service to graduate, so I offered to organize a fundraiser to buy a sandbox, and the director really loved that idea. I figured that’ll take 20 hours, at least.E: So what’s your plan to raise the money?S: I got my advisor, Professor Campbell, to teach a parenting workshop there. He’s going to give tips on raising toddlers.E: Great idea. Toddlers can be a challenge. I know that from experience.S: Anyway, the workshop is just three weeks away, so I need to distribute the flyers as soon as possible. Could I get the color copies right now?E: Well, unfortunately our color copiers are undergoing routine maintenance right now, so it might take a day or two, but if you need them right away, you could use one of our black and white copiers. They’re all self-service.S: I guess that’ll be ok. Thanks!E: By the way, how much are you going to charge for that workshop?S: $50, but that registration fee also includes a copy of Professor Campbell’s new parenting book. He wrote this great book about toddlers that sells for $25.E: $50 seems a little high, but since you include the book too...S: Yea, the book has gotten some great reviews, too.E: Hmm... can I have one of your flyers after you make the copies?S: Sure! I’ll give you a few if you want to help me spread the word.1．Why does the student go to see the university employee?A．To get directions to the nearest copy centerB．To order photocopies of a documentC．To get permission to post a sign on a bulletin boardD．To solicit his help on a research project正确答案：B解析：目的主旨题。
TOEFL托福阅读真题整合
TOEFL托福阅读真题整合托福阅读真题1__ 31Rent control is the system whereby the local government tells building owners how much they can charge their tenants in rent. In the United States, rent controls date back to at least World War II.In 1943 the federal government imposed rent controls to help solve the problem of housing shortages during wartime. The federal program ended after the war, but in some locations, including New York City, controls continued. Under New York's controls, a landlord generally cannot raise rents on apartments as long as the tenants continue to renew their leases. In places such as Santa Monica, California, rent controls are more recent. They were spurred by the inflation of the 1970's, which, combined with California's rapid population growth, pushed housing prices, as well as rents, to record levels. In 1979 Santa Monica's municipal government ordered landlords to roll back their rents to the levels charged in 1978. Future rents could only go up by two-thirds as much as any increase in the overall price level.In any housing market, rental prices perform three functions: (1) promoting the efficient maintenance of existing housing and stimulating the construction of new housing, (2) allocating existing scarce housing among competing claimants, and (3) rationing use of existing housing by potential renters.One result of rent control is a decrease in the construction of new rental units. Rent controls have artificially depressed the most important long-term determinant of profitability —rents. Consider some examples. In a recent year in Dallas, Texas, with a 16 percent rental vacancy rate but no rent control laws, 11,000 new housing units were built. In the same year, in San Francisco, California, only 2,000 units were built. The major difference? San Francisco has only a 1.6 percent vacancy rate but stringent rent control laws. In New York City, except for government-subsidized construction, the only rental units being built are luxury units, which are exempt from controls. In Santa Monica, California, new apartments are not being constructed. New office rental space and commercial developments are, however. They are exempt from rent controls.1. What does the passage mainly discuss?(A) The construction of apartments in the United States.(B) Causes and effects of rent control(C) The fluctuations of rental prices(D) The shortage of affordable housing in the United States.2. The word They in line 9 refers to(A) the tenants(B) their leases(C) places(D) rent controls.3. Which of the following was NOT a reason for the introduction of rent controls in Santa Monica,California?(A) rapid population growth(B) inflation(C) economic conditions during wartime(D) record-high housing prices4. The phrase roll back in line 11 is closest in meaning to(A) credit(B) measure(C) vary(D) reduce5. The word stimulating in line 15 is closest in meaning to(A) experimenting with(B) identifying(C) estimating(D) encouraging6. It can be inferred that the purpose of rent control is to(A) protect tenants(B) promote construction(C) increase vacancy rates(D) decrease sales of rental units7. The word depressed in line 19 is closest in meaning to(A) saddened(B) created(C) lowered(D) defeated8. The information in the last paragraph supports which of the following statements?(A) San Francisco has eliminated its rent control laws.(B) Rent control leads to a reduction in the construction of housing units(C) Luxury apartments are rarely built when there is rent control(D) There is a growing need for government-subsidized housing.9. According to the passage , which of the following cities does NOT currently have rent controls?(A) Santa Monica(B) Dallas(C) San Francisco(D) New York City10. The word stringent in line 23 is closest in meaning to(A) straightforward(B) strict(C) expanded(D) efficient11. According to the passage , which of the following is NOT exempt from rent control?(A) Luxury apartments(B) Commercial development(C) Moderately priced apartments(D) Office space.__ 31 BDCDD ACBBB C托福阅读真题232By 1776 the fine art of painting as it had developed in western Europe up to this time had been introduced into the American colonies through books and prints, European visitors andimmigrants, and traveling colonists who brought back copies (and a few original) of old master paintings and acquaintance with European art institutions.By the outbreak of the Revolution against British rule in 1776, the status of the artists had already undergone change. In the mid-eighteenth century, painters had been willing to assume such artisan-related tasks as varnishing, gilding teaching, keeping shops, and painting wheel carriages, houses, and signs. The terminology by which artists were described at the time suggests their status: limner was usually applied to the anonymous portrait painter up to the 1760's; painter characterized anyone who could paint a flat surface. By the second half of the century, colonial artists who were trained in England or educated in the classics rejected the status of laborer and thought of themselves as artists. Some colonial urban portraitists, such as John Singleton Copley, Benjamin West, and Charles Wilson Peale, consorted with affluent patrons. Although subject to fluctuations in their economic status, all three enjoyed sufficient patronage to allow them to maintain an image of themselves as professional artists, an image indicated by their custom of signing their paintings. A few art collectors James Bowdoin III of Boston, William Byrd of Virginian, and the Aliens andHamiltons of Philadelphia introduced European art traditions to those colonists privileged to visit their galleries, especially aspiring artists, and established in their respective communities the idea of the value of art and the need for institutions devoted to its encouragement.Although the colonists tended to favor portraits, they also accepted landscapes, historical works, and political engravings as appropriate artistic subjects. With the coming of independence from the British Crown, a sufficient number of artists and their works were available to serve nationalistic purposes. The achievements of the colonial artists, particularly those of Copley, West, and Peale, lent credence to the boast that the new nation was capable of encouraging genius and that political liberty was congenial to the development of taste — a necessary step before art could assume an important role in the new republic.1. What does the passage mainly discuss?(A) European influence on colonial American painting(B) The importance of patronage to artist(C) The changing status of artists in the American colonies in the eighteenth century(D) Subjects preferred by artists in the American colonies in theeighteenth century.2. The word outbreak in line 5 is closest in meaning to(A) cause(B) beginning(C) position(D) explanation3. The word undergone in line 6 is closest in meaning to(A) led to(B) transformed(C) preferred(D) experienced4. According to the passage , before the American Revolution the main task of limners was to(A) paint wheel carriages(B) paint portraits(C) varnish furniture(D) paint flat surfaces5. I t can be inferred from the passage that artists who were trained in England(A) considered artists to be superior to painters(B) barely painted portraitists(C) were often very wealthy(D) imitated English painters6. The word consorted in line 14 is closest in meaning to(A) made decisions(B) studies(C) agreed(D) associated7. The word sufficient in line 16 is closest in meaning to(A) adequate(B) temporary(C) friendly(D) expensive8. According to the passage , artists such as Copley, West and Peal signed their paintings(A) increased the monetary value of the paintings(B) made it more difficult for other artists to copy the paintings(C) supported the artists' image of professionalism(D) distinguished colonial American artists from European artists9. The author mentions James Bowdoin III and William Byrd in line 17 as examples of which ofthe following?(A) Art gallery owners who displayed only European art(B) Art collectors who had a profound influence on American attitudes toward art(C) Artists who gave financial support to other artists(D) Patrons whose helped to encourage artisans to become artists10. With which of the following would the author be most likely to agree?(A) Countries that have not had a political revolution are unlikely to develop great art.(B) The most successful art collectors are usually artists themselves.(C) The value of colonial American paintings decreased after the Revolution.(D) Colonial artists made an important contribution to the evolving culture of the new nation.__ 32 CBDBA DACBD托福阅读真题3__ 33Researchers in the field of psychology have found that one of the best ways to make an important decision, such as choosing auniversity to attend or a business to invest in, involves the utilization of a decision worksheet. Psychologists who study optimization compare the actual decisions made by people to theoretical ideal decisions to see how similar they are. Proponents of the worksheet procedure believe that it will yield optimal, that is, the best decisions. Although there are several variations on the exact format that worksheets can take, they are all similar in their essential aspects. Worksheets require defining the problem in a clear and concise way and then listing all possible solutions to the problem. Next, the pertinent considerations that will be affected by each decision are listed, and the relative importance of each consideration or consequence is determined. Each consideration is assigned a numerical value to reflect its relative importance. A decision is mathematically calculated by adding these values together. The alternative with the highest number of points emerges as the best decision.Since most important problems are multifaceted, there are several alternatives to choose from, each with unique advantages and disadvantages. One of the benefits of a pencil and paper decision-making procedure is that it permits people to deal with more variables than their minds can generally comprehend and remember.On the average, people can keep about seven ideas in their minds at once. A worksheet can be especially useful when the decision involves a large number of variables with complex relationships. A realistic example for many college students is the question What will I do after graduation? A graduate might seek a position that offers specialized training, pursue an advanced degree, or travel abroad for a year.A decision-making worksheet begins with a succinct statement of the problem that will also help to narrow it. It is important to be clear about the distinction between long-range and immediate goals because long-range goals often involve a different decision than short-range ones. Focusing on long- range goals, a graduating student might revise the question above to What will I do after graduation that will lead to successful career?1. What does the passage mainly discuss?(A) A tool to assist in making complex decisions.(B) A comparison of actual decisions and ideal decisions(C) Research on how people make decisions(D) Differences between long-range and short-range decision making2. The word essential in line 7 is closest in meaning to(A) introductory(B) changeable(C) beneficial(D) fundamental3. The word pertinent in line 9 is closest in meaning to(A) relevant(B) preceding(C) insightful(D) responsive4. Of the following steps, which occurs before the others in making a decision worksheet?(A) Listing the consequences of each solution(B) Calculating a numerical summary of each solution(C) Deciding which consequences are most important(D) Writing down all possible solutions5. According to decision-worksheet theory, an optimal decision is defined as one that(A) has the fewest variables to consider(B) uses the most decision worksheets(C) has the most points assigned to it(D) is agreed to by the greatest number of people6. The author develops the discussion in paragraph 1 bymeans of(A) describing a process(B) classifying types of worksheets(C) providing historical background(D) explaining a theory7. The author states that On the average, people can keep about seven ideas in their minds atonce (lines 17-18) to explain that(A) most decisions involve seven steps(B) human mental capacity has limitations(C) some people have difficulty making minor as well as major decisions(D) people can learn to keep more than seven ideas in their minds with practice8. The word succinct in line 24 is closest in meaning to(A) creative(B) satisfactory(C) personal(D) concise9. Which of the following terms is defined in the passage(A) Proponents (line 5)(B) Optimal (line 5)(C) Variables (line 17)(D) Long-range goals (line 25)10. The word it in line 24 refers to(A) worksheet(B) problem(C) distinction(D) decision11. The word revise in line 26 is closest in meaning to。
托福英语试题题库及答案
托福英语试题题库及答案1. 阅读部分：阅读以下段落，并回答相关问题。
In the early 20th century, the industrial revolution brought about significant changes in the way people worked and lived. Factories became the new centers of economic activity, and cities grew rapidly as people moved from rural areas to urban centers in search of employment opportunities.问题1：工业革命发生在哪个世纪？答案：20世纪。
问题2：工业革命对人们的工作方式和居住方式产生了怎样的影响？答案：工业革命使得工厂成为新的经济活动中心，人们为了寻找就业机会从农村地区迁移到城市中心，导致城市迅速扩张。
2. 听力部分：听以下对话，并回答相关问题。
Speaker 1: I'm really looking forward to the weekend. I've planned a hiking trip to the mountains.Speaker 2: That sounds like a great idea. I've been feeling a bit stressed lately, and I think getting out in nature woulddo me good.问题1：Speaker 1计划在周末做什么？答案：去山里徒步旅行。
问题2：Speaker 2为什么认为去徒步旅行是个好主意？答案：因为最近感到有些压力，认为在大自然中走走会对自己有好处。
3. 口语部分：描述你最喜欢的一种户外活动，并解释为什么喜欢它。
托福真题：托福真题_历年托福考试试题-托福真题
托福真题：托福真题:历年托福考试试题-托福真题托福真题:历年托福考试试题Section One: Listening Comprehension1. (A) She doesn’t think the shirt comes in a bigger size .(B) She thinks shirt will fit the man.(C) A checked shirt won’t look good on the man.(D) The bigger sizes are more expensive.2. (A) She expects the man to have it.(B) She’s angry with the man for forgetting it.(C) She doesn’t know where it is.(D) She’d like the man to return it by tonight.3. (A) She didn’t buy the ticket.(B) The ticket was expensive.(C) She doesn’t know how much the ticket cost.(D) There are still a few tickets left.4. (A) Eat a bigger breakfast.(B) Make time for lunch in her schedule.(C) Take only morning classes next semester.(D) Change her schedule after she eats lunch.5. (A) He’s quitting the band for academic reasons.(B) He didn’t enjoy being a member of the band.(C) He’s getting academic credit for being in the band.(D) He’s taking time off from his studies to join the band.6. (A) His suit is too old to wear.(B) He doesn’t want to buy new clothes.(C) He doesn’t want to wear a suit.(D) He’ll go shopping with the woman.7. (A) Calculate the bill again.(B) Refuse to pay the bill.(C) He doesn’t want to wear a suit.(D) He’ll go shopping with the woman.8. (A) Sara rarely makes mistakes.(B) Sara usually says what she thinks.(C) Sara’s boss is hard to work with.(D) The secretary wasn’t hard worker.9. (A) Sh e’d prefer to see a different type of movie thana comedy.(B) She has already finished her research paper.(C) She won’t be able to go to a movie with the man.(D) She’d like the man to help her with her research pape r.10. (A) He prefers to work part time.(B) He wants to change his class schedule.(C) He’s having a difficult time finding a part-time job.(D) He doesn’t want to work on campus.11. (A) She doesn’t think it will snow.(B) The location of the session has been changed.(C) The session might be canceled.(D) She’ll probably be too tired to walk to the session.12. (A) Use bleach on his socks.(B) Buy new white socks.(C) Wash his red T-shirt again.(D) Throw away his pink socks.13. (A) He has n’t talked to his brother since he transferr ed.(B) He doesn’t think his brother should transfer.(C) His brother doesn’t want to transfer.(D) He hadn’t heard the&n[1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] 下一页[1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] 下一页托福真题:历年托福考试试题bsp;news about his brother.14. (A) Which seminar the woman wants to sign up for.(B) If the woman keeps money at the bank.(C) Where the woman learned about the seminar.(D) If the woman has taken other classes on personal financ es.15. (A) He’s used to cold weather.(B) He expected the weather to be warmer over the weekend.(C) He has never liked the weather in October.(D) He didn’t see the forecast for the weekend.16. (A) Leave the art exhibit.(B) Help the man understand the display.(C) Take the artwork down.(D) Call the museum director.17. (A) He thinks he’s very organized.(B) He doesn’t want to join the display.(C) He doesn’t think he should lead the study group.(D) He knows someone who can lead the study group.18. (A) He doesn’t know where his brother keeps his comput er.(B) The woman should buy a used computer.(C) He doesn’t know how much computers cost.(D) His brother paid too much for the computer.19. (A) It’s been to warm to wear the jacket.(B) The jacket is too big for him.(C) He doesn’t like cold weather.(D) He didn’t buy the jacket until cooler weather arrived.20. (A) He started the semester in a bad mood.(B) He’s not usually bad-tempered.(C) He has few responsibilities.(D) He doesn’t like the man.21. (A) He forgot to cancel the reservation.(B) They can go to the restaurant after the woman has fini shed working.(C) He has to work late tonight.(D) They don’t have a reservation at the restaurant.22. (A) Watch a TV program related to his project.(B) Think about taking a less advanced sociology class.(C) Finish his project as soon as possible.(D) Reconsider his decision to interview so many people.23. (A) Try on a smaller sweater.(B) Look for another style at a different store.(C) Give the sweater away as a gift.(D) Exchange the sweater for a bigger one.24. (A) She plans to send a package to Canada.(B) She doesn’t know the postage for a package to Australi a.(C) She has relatives in Australia.(D) She’ll help the man wrap the package.25. (A) Send back his food.(B) Compliment the waiter on the food.(C) Tell the waiter about the mistake.(D) Order something else.26. (A) She doesn’t speak Spanish very well.(B) She doesn’t have to study a foreign language.(C) She performed poorly on a recent Spanish test.上一页[1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] 下一页上一页[1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] 下一页托福真题:历年托福考试试题(D) She doesn’t remember living in Mexico.27. (A) He’s taking the next train to Philadelphia.(B) He has an extra train schedule.(C) He missed his train.(D) He’s familiar with the train station. 28. (A) He’d like the woman to take his picture.(B) He’d like to borrow the woman’s camera this weekend.(C) His camera takes better pictures than the woman’s camer a.(D) His camera is smaller than the woman’s camera.29. (A) Ask Professor Bell to help the club.(B) Introduce the woman to Professor Bell.(C) Write an article about Professor Bell’s interests.(D) Find out which biology classes Professor Bell teaches.30. (A) She wasn’t wearing a scarf when she arrived.(B) She’ll help the man look for his scarf.(C) She likes the color the man’s scarf.(D) The man didn’t take her scarf.31. (A) A concert the woman attended.(B) The man’s collection of CD’s.(C) A new software programs.(D) An instrument the woman is learning to play.32. (A) She lost one of his CD’s.(B) She didn’t invite him to the concert.(C) She missed class.(D) She forgot about a meeting.33. (A) It does not need to be turned.(B) It has two sets of strings.(C) Its pitch is exceptionally high.(D) It is played with the hands and feet.34. (A) A baritone.(B) Some CD’S.(C) A computer program.(D) His class notes.35. (A) The woman’s house.(B) The concert.(C) The club meeting.(D) The music shop.36. (A) How rocks are eroded.(B) How sediment hardens into rock.(C) How flood plains develop.(D) How minerals are extracted from rock.37. (A)How rocks are eroded.(B)How strata are formed in rock.(C)Why flooding makes geological investigations difficult.(D)Which minerals can be found in rock38. (A)The deposits aren’t made of organic material.(B)The deposits aren’t found everywhere in the world.(C).The deposits harden under conditions of heat and pressure .(D)The deposits don’t form at regular time invervals.39. (A) Where fossils are most commonly found.(B) How a geological discovery was made.(C).Why rivers flood.(D)The differences between two geological periods.40. (A) A museum exhibition of African baskets.(B) Changes in basket-weaving.(C) Differences between African and American baskets.(D)The development of basket weaving in one town.41. (A)Their mothers taught them.(B)They traveled to Africa.(C)They learned in&上一页[1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] 下一页上一页[1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] 下一页托福真题:历年托福考试试题nbsp;school.(D)They taught themselves.42. (A)Fruit baskets.(B)Work baskets.(C)Baby cradles.(D)Clothes baskets.43. (A)They sell them as a hobby.(B)They make them as a hobby.(C)They use them on their farms.44. (A)How insects breed in extreme desert temperatures.(B)Different types of beetles.(C)They send them to museums.(D)How beetles can defeat a plant’s defense system.45. (A)Its resin isn’t poisonous.(B)It can shoot its resin a great distance.(C)It leaves have no veins.(D)It doesn’t need much water to grow well.46. (A)By severing the veins that carry the poison.(B)By eating only the stem of the plant.(C)By changing the plant’s chemistry.(D)By eating only at night.47. (A)Their literary value.(B)The debate over who wrote them.(C)The time period in which they were written.(D)Why they are still popular today.48. (A)The Iliad was written after the Odyssey.(B)The first European poems weren’t written in Greek.(C)The poet called Homer wrote the Iliad but not the Odysse y.(D)The poet called Homer never existed.49. (A)The portrayal of the characters in the poems.(B)Archaeological findings in Greece.(C)Research conducted by Milman Parry.(D)Claims made by ancient Greed authors about the poems.50. (A) Other poems written by Homer.(B) A comparison of modern versus ancient Creekpoetry.(C) A twentieth-century scholar’s conclusions about Homer.(D)Poetry by Milman Parry.Section Two Structure and Written ExpressionTime: 25 minutes1. The gray scale, a progressive series of shades ranging f rom black to white, is used incomputer graphics ---- detail to graphical images.(A) added(B) to add(C) are added(D) and add2. By ----excluding competition from an industry, governments have oft en created public service monopolies.(A) they adopt laws(B) laws are adopted(C) adopting laws(D) having laws adopt3. ----skeleton of an insect is on the outside of its body.(A) Its(B) That the(C) There is a(D) The4. Lenses, ----are used to correct imperfections in eyesight.(A) are the forms of glasses and contact lenses(B) in the form of glasses and contact lenses(C) glasses and contact lenses which form(D) glasses and contact lenses may be formed5. In eighteenth-century North America, printed engravings provided ----of rococo style.(A) the most manifestation widespread(B) manifestation widespr上一页[1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] 下一页上一页[1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] 下一页托福真题:历年托福考试试题ead the most(C) the widespread manifestation most(D) the most widespread manifestation6. In the Arctic tundra, ice fog may form under clear skie s in winter, ----coastal fogs or low status clouds are common in summer.(A) because of(B) whereas(C) despite(D) that7. On attaining maximum size, ----by drawing itself out and dividing into two daughter amoeb as, each receiving identical nuclear materials.(A) the reproduction of the amoeba(B) the amoeba, which reproduces(C) reproducing the amoeba(D) the amoeba reproduces8. For the advertiser, one of the greatest appeals of radio is ---- an audience all day long.(A) that it has(B) that to have(C) to have it(D) having it9. Charles Schulz’s comic strip, “Peanuts,”features childr en who make --- about life.(A) funny, wise statements that(B) which funny, wise statements(C) statements are funny but wise(D) funny but wise statements10. One of the major rivers of the western United States, ---- flows for some 1,500 miles fromColorado to northwestern Mexico.(A) it is the Colorado River(B) the Colorado River which(C) and the Colorado River(D) the Colorado River11. In art, the tendency of gouache colors to lighten on d rying makes ---- a wide range ofpearly or pastel-like effects.(A) it is possible(B) possible(C) possible to be(D) it possible the12. Isabel Bishop was one of many American artists ----by the government during theDepression years on various federal art projects.(A) employed(B) whose employment(C) to employ(D) had been employed13. Outbreaks of diseases in trees commonly occur ----stressed because of drought or otherenvironmental factors.(A) as forests that become(B) in forests become(C) that become forests(D) when forests become14. To break thick ice, an icebreaker boat moves fast enough to ride up on the ice, ---- under its weight.(A) so then breaks(B) when breaks it(C) which then breaks(D) for which then breaks15. Cholesterol is present in large quantities in the nervou s system, where ---- compound ofmyelin.(A) it a(B) a(C) being a(D) it is a16. Painters of the early twentieth century who were known primarily for they colorful landscapes, the A B C Group of Seven changed is name to the Canadian Group上一页[1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] 下一页上一页[1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] 下一页托福真题:历年托福考试试题;of Painters in 1933.D17. Most animals have nervous systems, sense organs, and spe cialized modes of locomotion, and are A B C capable of sec uring ingesting, and to digest food.D18. The cork oak tree has a layer of cork several inches thickness that can be stripped every ten years.A B C D19. Inflation, interest rates, and overall economic active ca n be governed by the United States Federal A B CReserve’s decision to adjust the supply of money to the ec onomy.D20. Free radicals of oxygen, which common by-products of metabobr>(A) temper(B) glazes(C) kilns(D) compounds50.The passage mentions that when pottery is fired under bur ning wood ,the ashes help(A) prevent the clay from cracking(B) produce a more consistently baked pot(C) attain a very high temperature(D) give the vessel a glasslike finish上一页[1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6]上一页[1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6]。
托福考试试题及答案
托福考试试题及答案托福考试(TOEFL，Test of English as a Foreign Language)是世界上最广泛接受的英语语言能力考试之一。
下面将为您介绍一些常见的托福考试试题以及相应的答案。
请注意，以下内容仅供参考，不代表具体考试内容。
听力部分听力是托福考试的第一部分，主要测试考生对于英语口语和听力的理解能力。
听力部分通常包括短对话、长对话和听力文章。
短对话试题示例：A: What are you planning to do this weekend?B: I'm going to visit my grandparents. They live in the countryside.答案：B长对话试题示例：A: Why did you decide to study abroad?B: I wanted to experience a different culture and improve my language skills.答案：B试题示例：According to the professor, what is one possible cause of the decline in bee populations?A. PesticidesB. Climate changeC. Habitat loss答案：A阅读部分阅读部分主要考察考生的阅读理解能力和对于不同类型文本的理解。
题型包括单选题、多选题、主旨题、细节题等。
单选题试题示例：The word "complacent" in paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to__________.A. satisfiedB. carelessC. competitive答案：A试题示例：Which of the following are mentioned as reasons for the decline in newspaper readership? (Select three.)A. The rise of online newsB. Lack of interest in current eventsC. High cost of subscriptionsD. Decrease in the quality of journalism答案：A、C、D写作部分写作部分是托福考试的最后一部分，主要考察考生的英文写作能力。
托福考试历年试卷真题
托福考试历年试卷真题一、阅读部分Passage 1: The Industrial RevolutionThe Industrial Revolution, which took place from the 18th to 19th centuries, was a period during which predominantly agrarian, rural societies in Europe and America became industrial and urban. This article discusses the causes and effects of this transformative period, including technological advancements, economic changes, and the social implications for the working class.Questions:1. What were the primary causes of the Industrial Revolution?2. How did the Industrial Revolution affect the economy of the affected regions?3. What were the social implications of the Industrial Revolution for the working class?Passage 2: Biodiversity and EcosystemsBiodiversity refers to the variety of life in a particular ecosystem, including genetic diversity, species diversity, and ecosystem diversity. This text explores the importance of biodiversity for the health of ecosystems, the threats to biodiversity, and the efforts being made to conserve it.Questions:4. Why is biodiversity important for the health of ecosystems?5. What are some of the main threats to biodiversity?6. Describe some of the conservation efforts aimed at preserving biodiversity.二、听力部分Conversation 1: Library Research AssistanceTwo students are discussing their research project for a history class. They are at the library and are seeking assistance from a librarian regarding the use of resourcesand the organization of their research.Questions:7. Why are the students at the library?8. What kind of assistance is the librarian providing?9. What is the main topic of the students' research project?Lecture 1: The History of PhotographyA professor discusses the invention of photography and its development over time. The lecture covers the technical aspects of early photography, the impact of photography on art, and the evolution of photographic technology to the present day.Questions:10. What was the significance of the invention of photography?11. How did photography influence the art world?12. What are some of the technological advancements in photography discussed in the lecture?三、口语部分Task 1:Describe a memorable event from your childhood. Explain whythis event was significant to you.Task 2:Some people prefer to spend their free time outdoors, while others prefer to stay indoors. Which do you prefer and why?四、写作部分Integrated Writing Task:Read the following passage about the benefits of using solar energy and listen to a lecture that challenges some of these benefits. Then, write a summary of the main points made inthe reading and lecture, and explain the relationship between them.Independent Writing Task:Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Technology has made life more complicated rather than simpler. Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.结束语：希望这份模拟的托福考试真题能够帮助你更好地准备考试。
托福(听力)历年真题试卷汇编6(题后含答案及解析)
托福（听力）历年真题试卷汇编6(题后含答案及解析) 题型有：1. Listening ComprehensionSection One：Listening Comprehension听力原文：Listen to a conversation between a student (S) and the supervisor of employees (E) at the university library. The student is a part-time employee at the library.E: Hi, Melissa! How was your economics exam?S: It was actually pretty challenging. Thanks for letting me take time off from here to study for it.E: Well, like we said, when we hired you, your schoolwork is always a priority as long as you give us sufficient notice as to when you need off. When you were out though, we had a staff meeting explaining a couple of things. We’ll be dividing work in a new way, and we’ll also be using a new procedure for employees to keep track of what work they do.S: You mean instead of keeping track of how many hours we work per week?E: No, you’ll still need to keep track of your total hours, so you can get paid each week. The new procedure I’m talking about will be extra.S: And you said the work will be divided differently?E: Yes. You work at the circulation desk, right?S: Right.E: So, right now you check out books for students, log the returned books, and sort them by category so the stock team can put them back on the shelves. Anything else?S: No, that’s about it.E: Ok. Well, we’re expanding that job to have you do some other tasks too, so going forward you will also help students locate books on the shelves and put returned books in their proper places on the shelves.S: Oh, that’ll be good. There are times when I sit at the desk just waiting for students to come by to check out or return books.E: Ok, and now for the tracking procedure. We’re asking employees to keep track of the specific tasks they do and for how long. For example, when you’re at the circulation desk, how much time do you spend checking in returned books and separating them, or how much time do you spend checking out books for students to borrow?S: Wow, and this seems very specific. I’m just wondering why do we have to be so detailed?E: Well, the university wants a written job description for each role, so we’re putting together a summary of student jobs at the library with specific details about each job, what specific tasks it entails and how much of the job is spent on each task. It won’t be as complicated as it sounds. You’ll have a piece of paper listing all the tasks you do, and you’ll just need to write on it how many minutes you spend on each task. You’ll submit it with your weekly timesheet.S: I also wanted to ask for a few days off again. I have a project due for my world history class at the end of the month.E: That’s fine. Please email me the details. For now, go meet with Ms. Stanton in the reference section. She’ll show you how to help students who are looking for specific books.1．What is the conversation mainly about?A．Additional tasks the student will be expected to carry outB．The student’s interest in switching jobs at the libraryC．Procedures the student should use to request time of her workD．An evaluation of the student’s performance at her library job正确答案：A解析：内容主旨题。
托福试题及答案
托福试题及答案一、听力理解（Listening Comprehension）1. 根据录音材料，以下哪个选项是学生和教授讨论的主题？A. 气候变化对农业的影响B. 城市规划中的交通问题C. 历史事件的解读方法D. 当代艺术的发展趋势答案：C2. 录音中提到的“sustainable development”是指什么？A. 经济的持续增长B. 社会公平与环境的和谐C. 技术的不断进步D. 人口的稳定增长答案：B二、阅读理解（Reading Comprehension）1. 根据文章，作者认为解决能源危机的最好方法是：A. 开发可再生能源B. 提高能源效率C. 减少能源消费D. 增加传统能源的开采答案：A2. 文章中提到了哪种新型能源技术？A. 太阳能发电B. 风力发电C. 地热能D. 生物燃料答案：B三、口语表达（Speaking Expression）1. 请根据以下情景，描述你如何解决一个团队中的冲突。
- 情景：你和你的团队成员在项目截止日期临近时，因为分工问题产生了分歧。
答案：在面对团队中的冲突时，首先我会组织一个团队会议，让每个成员表达自己的观点和担忧。
然后，我会尝试找到一个平衡点，确保每个人的工作量合理分配。
如果必要，我会提出调整分工的建议，并确保每个人都同意这个新的方案。
最后，我会设定一个明确的新截止日期，以确保项目能够按时完成。
2. 描述一次你使用创造性思维解决问题的经历。
答案：在我的大学时期，我参加了一个创新设计比赛。
我们团队面临的挑战是如何设计一个既环保又经济的包装材料。
通过团队的头脑风暴，我们想到了使用可降解的生物材料作为包装。
我们进行了多次实验，最终开发出了一种新型的包装材料，它不仅满足了环保要求，而且成本低廉，最终我们的设计在比赛中获得了一等奖。
四、写作能力（Writing Ability）1. 根据以下提示写一篇议论文。
- 提示：随着科技的发展，人们越来越依赖智能手机。
讨论智能手机对人们日常生活的积极和消极影响。
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托福真题：真题库：托福考试真题测试-托福真题真题库：托福考试真题测试Section One: Listening Comprehension1. (A) He has just recovered from the flu.(B) He won't be able to go to the play.(C) He heard that the play isn't very good.(D) He has already seen the play.2. (A) Share the place he's renting.(B) Avoid living near the campus.(C) Apply for campus housing.(D) Find an apartment soon.3. (A) He wants to meet the woman after his Spanish class.(B) The woman should borrow someone else's workbook.(C) He can take the woman to her class.(D) The woman needs to return the workbook before the class.4. (A) She didn't know Dr. Turner's lecture would be so interesting.(B) She didn't expect to have a quiz today.(C) Dr. Turner often gives quizzes.(D) The man should have prepared for the class.5. (A) There are different kinds of folders.(B) This decision requires careful thought.(C) It doesn't matter which color she uses.(D) The color should suggest the content.6. (A) She prepares her students well.(B) She used to teach graduate courses.(C) She isn't qualified to teach organic chemistry.(D) Her students rarely attend graduate school.7. (A) He decided not to sell the piano.(B) He's looking for a place to store the piano.(C) No one has bought the piano.(D) He hasn't been able to find an inexpensive piano yet.8. (A) Tennis players often injure their backs.(B) She hadn't heard about the man's problem.(C) The man should have seen the doctor.(D) She'll check the man's schedule as soon as possible.9. (A) He already knew about the problem.(B) Someone has started fixing the washing machine.(C) No one complained about the washing machine today.(D) There's nothing wrong with the washing machine.10. (A) It won't take long to get to the station.(B) It'll be easy for him to give the woman a ride to the station.(C) He'll ride on the train with the woman.(D) He's picking someone up from the station.11. (A) I'll out an application from.(B) Apply for a different position.(C) File the papers in the cabinet.(D) Show her the advertisement from the newspaper.12. (A) Go with her to the airport.(B) Talk to her for a short time.(C) Find out when the plane is leaving.(D) Make the phone call now.13. (A) He can give the woman directions to Chicago.(B) He can drive the woman to Chicago.(C) He can get a map for the woman.(D) He can take the woman to the bookstore.14. (A) He didn't show his paintings at the exhibit.(B) He didn't see the paintings.(C) He doesn't understand Ted's art.(D) The exhibit was canceled.15. (A) She has canceled her trip to lowa.(B) The snowstorm is getting weaker.(C) The man's information isn't accurate.(D) They also may get a lot of snow.16. (A) She needs more time to get ready for the dinner.(B) She thought the dinner was at another time.(C) She forgot about the plans she made for dinner.(D) She won't be able to go to dinner.17. (A) Take the class this semester.(B) Get permission to take the class.(C) Take the class over again.(D) Register for the class next semester.18. (A) He doesn't like his new eyeglass frames.(B) He didn't get a haircut.(C) He got his eyeglasses a long time ago.(D) Several people have asked him about his new eyeglass frames.19. (A) The grades have been calculated correctly.(B) The woman will get the grade she deserves.(C) The woman received one of the highest grades.(D) The woman's grade can't be changed.20. (A) She left the lecture for a few minutes.(B) She was reading doing the lecture.(C) She may have fallen asleep.(D) She misunderstood the speaker's last points.21. (A) The man hasn't seen Joan recently.(B) The man plans to call Joan soon.(C) Joan doesn't know what happened to the book.(D) Joan gave the book to the man.22. (A) Why she should tell her students about her plans.(B) What he plans to do when he's on sabbatical.(C) Why she can't take a sabbatical next semester.(D) Why her students probably weren't surprised by her announcement.23. (A) Put a little more pepper in the stew.(B) Taste the stew to see if it needs paper.(C) Check the recipe to see if they followed it correctly.(D) Serve the stew as it is.24. (A) She wants to know where Tom heard the stories.(B) She's surprised Tom was so serious last night.[1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] [8] [9] [10] ... 下一页>>[1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] [8] [9] [10] ... 下一页>>真题库：托福考试真题测试(C) Tom doesn't usually tell funny stories.(D) The stories probably weren't true.25. (A) He plans to sell the books to a collector.(B) He won't sell the books until he has read them.(C) The books probably aren't worth a lot of money.(D) The woman can borrow any of the books if she wants to.26. (A) Leave with the man.(B) Get ready to leave for the weekend.(C) Stay where she is for the weekend.(D) Meet the man later.27. (A) The man is upset that the wasn't invited to the party.(B) The man and the woman live in different buildings.(C) The woman's friends were louder than she expected they would be.(D) The woman hadn't intended to serve food and beverages at the party.28. (A) Mary hadn't planned to attend the seminar.(B) Mary has been ill for several weeks.(C) Mary forgot about the seminar.(D) Mary wasn't able to attend the seminar.29. (A) Do more research before they meet.(B) Meet several days before the presentation.(C) Change the day of the presentation.(D) Try to solve the problems before they meet.30. (A) She'll talk to Judy about the problem.(B) She may not be available later to help the man.(C) She isn't sure if Judy can solve the problem.(D) The man will be able to solve the problem himself.31. (A) Places the man has visited.(B) A paper the woman is writing for a class.(C) School activities they enjoy.(D) The woman's plans for the summer.32. (A) She has never been to Gettysburg.(B) She took a political science course.(C) Her family still goes on vacation together.(D) She's interested in the United States Civil War.33. (A) Why her parents wanted to go to Gettysburg.(B) Why her family's vacation plans changed ten years ago.(C) Where her family went for a vacation ten years ago.(D) When her family went on their last vacation.34. (A) It's far from where she lives.(B) Her family went there without her.(C) She doesn't know a lot about it.(D) She's excited about going there.35. (A) A catalog mailed to the man.(B) The woman's catalog order.(C) The history of mail-order catalogs.(D) A comparison of two kinds of catalogs.36. (A) She wants to learn about Richard Sears.(B) She is helping the man with his assignment.(C) She needs to buy a filing cabinet.(D) She wants to order some textbooks.37. (A) Teachers.(B) Farmers.(C) Students.(D) Laborers.38. (A) As textbooks.(B) As fuel.(C) As newspapers.(D) As art.39. (A) Taxes on factory goods rose.(B) Some people lost their farms.(C) Shipping prices rose.(D) some families lost their businesses.40. (A) Problems with pesticides.(B) Characteristics of one type of falcon.(C) Migratory patterns of birds.(D) Tracking systems for animals.41. (A) It flying speed.(B) Its keen hearing.(C) It size.(D) Its aggressiveness.42. (A) By radar.(B) By airplane.(C) By direct observation.(D) By satellite.43. (A) The types of instruments used in bebop music.(B) The social setting in which bebop music developed.(C) How two styles of jazz music influenced each other(D) The influence of bebop music on the United States economy during the 1940's.44. (A) They didn't use singers.(B) They gave free concerts.(C) They performed in small nightclubs.(D) They shortened the length of their performances.45. (A) To discuss one way it impacted jazz music.(B) To explain why the government reduced some taxes.(C) To describe a common theme in jazz music.(D) To discuss the popularity of certain jazz bands.46. (A) The music contained strong political messages.(B) The music had a steady beat that people could dance to.(C) The music included sad melodies.(D) The music contained irregular types of rhythms.47. (A) The increase in beachfront property value.(B) An experimental engineering project.(C) The erosion of coastal areas(D) How to build seawalls.48. (A) To protect beachfront property.(B) To reduce the traffic on beach roads.(C) To provide privacy for homeowners.(D) To define property limits.49. (A) By sending water directly back to sea with great force.(B) By reducing wave energy.(C) By reducing beach width.(D) By stabilizing beachfront construction.50. (A) Protect roads along the shore.上一页[1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] [8] [9] [10] ... 下一页>>上一页[1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] [8] [9] [10] ... 下一页>>真题库：托福考试真题测试(B) Build on beaches with seawalls.(C) Add sand to beaches with seawalls.(D) Stop building seawalls.Section Two: Structure and Written Expression1. The giant ragweed, or buffalo weed, grows ——.(A) 18 feet up to high(B) to high 18 feet up(C) up to 18 feet high(D) 18 feet high up to2. Neptune is —— any planet except Pluto.(A) to be far from the Sun(B) far from the Sun being(C) farther than the Sun is(D) farther from the Sun than3. Since prehistoric times, artists have arranged paint on surfaces in ways —— their ideas about people and the world.(A) express(B) that their expression of(C) which, expressing(D) that express4. Except for certain microorganisms, —— need oxygen to survive.(A) of all living things(B) all living things(C) all are living things(D) are all living things5. Dubbing is used in filmmaking —— a new sound track to a motion picture.(A) which to add(B) to add(C) is adding that(D) to add while6. —— of green lumber may come from moisture in the wood.(A) More weight than half(B) Of the weight, more than half(C) The weight is more than half(D) More than half of the weight7. Archaeologists study —— to trace ancient trade routes because such tools are relatively rare, and each occurrence has a slightly different chemical composition.(A) which obsidian tools(B) obsidian tools(C) how obsidian tools(D) obsidian tools are8. —— the hamster's basic diet is vegetarian, some hamsters also eat insects.(A) Despite(B) Although(C) Regardless of(D) Consequently9. The Navajo Indians of the southwestern United States —— for their sand painting, also called dry painting.(A) noted(B) are noted(C) to be noted(D) have noted10. In 1784, the leaders of what would later become the state of Virginia gave up —— to the territory that later became five different Midwestern states.(A) any claim(B) when the claim(C) to claim(D) would claim11. —— one after another, parallel computers perform groups of operations at the same time.(A) Conventional computers, by handling tasks(B) Since tasks being handled by conventional computers(C) Whereas conventional computers handle tasks(D) While tasks handled by conventional computers12. The Liberty Bell, formerly housed in Independence Hall, ——in Philadelphia, was moved to a separate glass pavilion in 1976.(A) which a historic building(B) a historic building which(C) was a historic building(D) a historic building13. Fossils, traces of dead organisms found in the rocks of Earth's crust, reveal —— at the time the rocks were formed.(A) what was like(B) was like life(C) what life was like(D) life was like14. Although the huge ice masses —— glaciers move slowly, they are a powerful erosive force in nature.(A) call them(B) are called(C) to call(D) called15. The soybean contains vitamins, essential minerals, —— high percentage of protein.(A) a(B) and a(C) since a(D) of which a16. A gene is a biological unit of information who directs the activity of a cell or organism during itsA BC Dlifetime.17. The flowering of African American talent in literature, music, and art in the 1920's in New York CityA BCbecame to know as the Harlem Renaissance.D18. The symptoms of pneumonia, a lung infection, include high fever, chest pain, breathing difficult, andA B CDcoughing.19. The rapid grow of Bos上一页[1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] [8] [9] [10] ... 下一页>>上一页[1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] [8] [9] [10] ... 下一页>>真题库：托福考试真题测试ton during the mid-nineteenth century coincided with a large influx ofA BCEuropean immigrants.D20. In 1908 Olive Campbell started writing down folk songs by rural people in the southern AppalachianA B Cmountains near hers home.D21.The thirteen stripes of the United States flag represent the original thirteen states of the Union, whichAB Cthey all were once colonies of Britain.D22. In 1860, more as 90 percent of the people of Indiana lived rural areas, with only a few cities having aA BCpopulation exceeding 10,000.D23.Gravitation keeps the Moon in orbit around Earth and the planets other of the solar system in orbitA BC Daround the Sun.24. Photograph was revolutionized in 1831 by the introduction of the collodion process for making glassA BC Dnegatives.25. After flax is washed, dry, beaten, and combed, fibers are obtained for use in making fabric.A BC D26. A fever is caused which blood cells release proteins called pyrogens, raising the body's temperature.A BCD27. Because of various gift-giving holidays, most stores clothing in the United Sates do almost as muchA Bbusiness in November and December as they do in the other ten months combined.C D28.The United States National Labor Relations Board is authorized to investigation allegations of unfairA Blabor practices on the part of either employers or employees.C D29.The Great Potato Famine in Ireland in the 1840's caused an unprecedented numbers of people fromA BCIreland to immigrate to the United States.D30.The particles comprising a given cloud are continually changing,上一页[1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] [8] [9] [10] ... 下一页>>上一页[1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] [8] [9] [10] ... 下一页>>真题库：托福考试真题测试as new ones are added while othersA Bare taking away by moving air.C D31.Political parties in the United States help to coordinate the campaigns of their members andorganizesA BCthe statewide and national conventions that mark election years.D32.The lemur is an unusual animal belonging to the same order than monkey's and apes.A B C D33.Chese may be hard or soft, depending on the amount of water left into it and the character ofA B CDthe cuting.34.The carbon-are lamp, a very bright electric lamp used for spotlights, consists of two carbonA Belectrodes with a high-current are passing between it.C D35. At first the poems of E.E. Cummings gained notoriety to their idiosyncratic punctuation andABtypography, but they have gradually been recognized for their lyric power as well.C D36.The mechanism of human thought and recall, a subject only partly understood by scientists, isA BCextraordinary complicated.D37.While the process of photosynthesis in green plants, light energy is captured and usedABto convert water, carbon dioxide, and minerals into oxygen and organic compounds.C D38.The globe artichoke was known as a delicacy at least 2,500 years ago, and records of itsA B Ccultivation date from fifteenth century.D39. Humans do not constitute the only species endowed with intelligence: the higher animals alsoA BChave considerably problem-solving abilities.D40. Many of species of milkweed are among the most dangerous of poisonous plants, while othersA BCha上一页[1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] [8] [9] [10] ... 下一页>>上一页[1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] [8] [9] [10] ... 下一页>>真题库：托福考试真题测试ve little, if any, toxicity.DQuestions 1-10In the early 1800's, over 80 percent of the United States labor force was engaged in agriculture. Sophisticated technology and machinery were virtually nonexistent. People who lived in the cities and were not directly involved in trade often participated in small cottage industries making handcrafted goods. Others cured meats, silversmiths, candle5) or otherwise produced needed goods and commodities. Blacksmiths, silversmiths, candle makers, and other artisans worked in their homes or barns, relying on help of family Perhaps no single phenomenon brought more widespread and lasting change to the United States society than the rise of industrialization. Industrial growth hinged on several10） economic factors. First, industry requires an abundance of natural resources, especially coal, iron ore, water, petroleum, and timber-all readily available on the North American continent. Second, factories demand a large labor supply. Between the 1870's and the First World War (1914-1918), approximately 23 million immigrants streamed to the United States, settled in cities, and went to work in factories and mines. They also helped15）build the vast network of canals and railroads that crisscrossed the continent and linked important trade centers essential to industrial growth. Factories also offered a reprieve from the backbreaking work and financial unpredictability associated with farming. Many adults, poor and disillusioned with farm life, were lured to the cities by promises of steady employment, regular paychecks,20) increased access to goods and services, and expanded social opportunities. Others were pushed there when new technologies made their labor cheap or expendable; inventions such as steel plows and mechanized harvesters allowed one farmhand to perform work that previously had required several, thus making farming capital-intensive rather than labor-intensive.25） The United States economy underwent a massive transition and the nature of work was permanently altered. Whereas cottage industries relied on a few highly skilled craft workers who slowly and carefully converted raw materials into finished products from start to finish, factories relied on specialization. While factory work was less creative and more monotonous, it was also moreefficient and allowed mass production of goods at less expense.1.What aspect of life in the United States does the passage mainly discuss?(A) The transition from an agricultural to an industrial economy(B) The inventions that transformed life in the nineteenth century(C) The problems associated with the earliest factories(D) The difficulty of farm life in the nineteenth century2. Blacksmiths, silversmiths, and candle makers are mentioned in lines 5-6 as examples of artisans who(A) maintained their businesses at home(B) were eventually able to use sophisticated technology(C) produced unusual goods and commodities(D) would employ only family members3. The phrase "hinged on" in line 9 is closest in meaning to(A) recovered from(B) depended on(C) started on(D) contributed to4. Which of the following is mentioned in the passage as a reason for the industrial growth that occurred in the United States before 1914?(A)The availability of natural resources found only in the United States(B) The decrease in number of farms resulting from technological advances(C) The replacement of canals and railroads by other forms of transportation(D) The availability of a large immigrant work force5. The word "lured" in line 19 is closest in meaning to(A) attracted(B) assigned(C) restricted(D) attached6. The word "Others" in line 20 refers to other(A) adults(B) promises(C) goods and services(D) social opportunities7.The word "expendable" in line 21 is closest in meaning to(A) nonproductive(B) unacceptable(C) nonessential(D) unprofitable8. It can be inferred from the passage that industrialization affected farming in that industrialization(A) increased the price of farm products(B) limited the need for new farm machinery(C) created new and interesting jobs on farms(D) reduced the number of people willing to do farm work9.What does the author mean when stating that certain inventions made farming "capital-intensive rather than labor-intensive" (lines 23-24)?(A) Workers had to be trained to operate the new machines.(B) Mechanized farming required more capital and fewer laborers.(C) The new inventions were not helpful for all farming activities.(D) Human上一页[1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] [8] [9] [10] ... 下一页>>上一页[1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] [8] [9] [10] ... 下一页>>真题库：托福考试真题测试labor could still accomplish as much work as the first machines.10. According to the passage, factory workers differed from craft workers in that factory workers(A) were required to be more creative(B) worked extensively with raw materials(C) changed jobs frequently(D) specialized in one aspect of the finished product onlyQuestion 11-20Molting is one of the most involved processes of a bird's annual life cycle. Notwithstanding preening and constant care, the marvelously intricate structure of a bird's Feather inevitably wears out. All adult birds molt their feathers at least once a year, and upon close observation, one can recognize the frayed, ragged appearance of feathers that5) are nearing the end of their useful life. Two distinct processes are involved in molting. The first step is when the old, worn feather is dropped, or shed. The second is when a new feather grows in its place. When each feather has been shed and replaced, then the molt can be said to be complete. This, however, is anabstraction that often does not happen: incomplete, overlapping, and arrested molts are quite common.10) Molt requires that a bird find and process enough protein to rebuild approximately one-third of its body weight. It is not surprising that a bird in heavy molt often seems listless and unwell. But far from being random, molt is controlled by strong evolutionary forces that have established an optimal time and duration. Generally, molt occurs at the time of least stress on the bird. Many songbirds, for instance, molt in late summer, when15) the hard work of breeding is done but the weather is still warm and food still plentiful. This is why the woods in late summer often seem so quiet, when compared with the Exuberant choruses of spring.Molt of the flight feathers is the most highly organized part of the process. Some species, for example, begin by dropping the outermost primary feathers on each side (to retain20) balance in the air) and wait until the replacement feathers are about one-third grown before shedding the next outermost, and so on. Others always start with the innermost primary feathers and work outward. Yet other species begin in the middle and work outward on both weeks while the replacement feathers grow.11.The passage mainly discusses how(A) birds prepare for breeding(B) bird feathers differ from species(C) birds shed and replace their feathers(D) birds are affected by seasonal changes12.The word "Notwithstanding" in line 2 is closestin meaning to(A) despite(B) because of(C) instead of(D) regarding13.The word "intricate" in line 2 is closest in meaning to(A) regular(B) complex(C) interesting(D) important14.The word "random" in line 12 is closest in meaning to(A) unfortunate(B) unusual(C) unobservable(D) unpredictable15.The word "optimal" in line 13 is closest in meaning to(A) slow(B) frequent(C) best(D) early16.Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a reason that songbirds molt in the late summer?(A) Fewer predators are in the woods.(B) The weathers is still warm.(C) The songbirds have finished breeding.(D) Food is still available.17. Some birds that are molting maintain balance during flight by(A) constantly preening and caring for their remaining feathers(B) dropping flight feathers on both sides at the same time(C) adjusting the angle of their flight to compensate for lost feathers(D) only losing one-third of their feathers18.The word "Others" in line 21 refers to(A) ducks(B) sides(C) species(D) flight feathers19.The author discusses ducks in order to provide an example of birds that(A) grow replacement feathers that are very long(B) shed all their wing feathers at one time(C) keep their innermost feathers(D) shed their outermost feathers first20. It can inferred from the discussion about ducks that the molting of their flight feathers takes.(A) a year(B) a season(C) several months(D) a few weeksQuestion 21-30The Harlem Renaissance, a movement of the 1920's, marked the twentieth century's first period of intense activity by African Americans in the field of literature, art, and music in the United States. The philosophy of the movement combined realism, ethnicconsciousness, and Americanism. Encouraged by the example of certain Americans5) of European descent such as Thomas Eakins, Robert Henri, and George Luks, who had included persons of African descent in their pa上一页[1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] [8] [9] [10] ... 下一页>>上一页[1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] [8] [9] [10] ... 下一页>>真题库：托福考试真题测试intings as serious studies rather than as trivial or sentimental stereotypes, African American artists of this period set about creating a new portrayal of themselves and their lives in the United States. As they began to strive for social and cultural independence. Their attitudes toward themselves changed,10) and, to some extent, other segments of American society began to change their attitudes toward them. Thus, thought the Harlem Renaissance was a short-lived movement, its impact on American art and culture continues to the present.The district in New York City know as Harlem was the capital of the movement. In 1925 an issue of Survey Graphic magazine devoted exclusively to Harlem and edited15) by philosopher Alain Locke became the manifesto of the African American artistic movement. Locke strongly suggested that individuals, while accepting their Americanism, take pride in their African ancestral arts and urged artists to look to Africa for substance and inspiration. Far from advocating a withdrawal from American culture, as did some of his contemporaries, Locke recommended a cultural pluralism through which artists could20) enrich the culture of America. African Americans were urged by Locke to be collaborators and participators with other Americans in art, literature, and music; and at the same time to preserve, enhance, and promote their own cultural heritage.Artists and intellectuals from many parts of the United States and the Caribbean had Been attracted to Harlem by the pulse and beat of its unique and dynamic culture. From25) this unity created by the convergence of artists from various social and geographical backgrounds came a new spirit, which, particularly in densely populated Harlem, was to result in greater group awareness and self-determination. African American graphic artists took their place beside the poets and writers of the Harlem Renaissance and carried on efforts to increase and promote the visual arts.21.What does the passage mainly discuss?(A) African American paintings in the 1920's(B) An arts movement of the 1920's(C) The influence of Alain Locke on African American art(D) Some ways in which African culture inspired American literature, art and music22. According to the passage, Tomas Eakins, Robert Henri, and George Luks were important because of(A) the philosophical contributions they made to the Harlem Renaissance(B) their development of a new style of African American art(C) they way in which they depicted African Americans in their paintings(D) their independence from European artistic traditions23. The word "them" in line 11 refers to(A) Americans of European descent(B) paintings。