2019-2020年高三上学期第一次摸底考试
2019-2020年高三上学期第一次摸底考试化学试题 含答案
2019-2020年高三上学期第一次摸底考试化学试题 含答案考试时间：90分钟 试卷满分：100分 韩国江 张嗣东注意事项：1．本次考试使用条形码粘贴，学生需认真核对条形码粘贴上的信息，确认无误后粘到答题卡上指定位置；2．客观题填涂必须使用2B 铅笔，且按要求填满填涂点；3．答题内容必须全部书写在答题卡题目规定的答题区域内（每题的答题区域以方框为界）；4．必须保持答题卡的卷面整洁、平整，不得揉、搓或折叠，以免影响扫描效果。
可能用到的相对原子质量：H －1 C －12 O －16 Cl －35.5 Br －80 I －127一、选择题（每小题只有一个正确答案，每小题2分，共20分）1．下列盛放试剂的方法正确的是A ．氢氟酸或浓硝酸存放在带橡皮塞的棕色玻璃瓶中B ．汽油或煤油存放在带橡皮塞的棕色玻璃瓶中C ．碳酸钠溶液或氢氧化钙溶液存放在配有磨口塞的棕色玻璃瓶中D ．氯水或硝酸银溶液存放在配有磨口塞的棕色玻璃瓶中2．下列有关实验的叙述，正确的是A ．将固体加入容量瓶中溶解并稀释至刻度，配制成一定物质的量浓度的溶液B ．用玻璃棒蘸取溶液，点在湿润的pH 试纸上测定其pHC ．用NaOH 溶液洗涤并灼烧铂丝后，再进行焰色反应D ．用精密pH 试纸测得某溶液pH ＝4.53．如图为课本中的插图，对应下列操作不合理的是4．分类是学习和研究化学的一种常用的科学方法。
下列分类合理的是①根据酸分子中含有H 原子个数将酸分为一元酸、二元酸等②碱性氧化物一定是金属氧化物③根据丁达尔现象可将分散系分为胶体、溶液和浊液④SiO 2是酸性氧化物，能与NaOH 溶液反应⑤根据反应的热效应将化学反应分为放热反应和吸热反应A ．②③B ．②④⑤C ．①②④D ．②③④⑤5．用N A 表示阿伏加德罗常数，下列叙述中正确的是A ．1 mol Cl 2与NaOH 溶液反应转移电子数一定为N AB ．CO 2通过Na 2O 2使其增重b g 时，反应中转移的电子数为bN A 44个 C ．标准状况下，含N A 个氩原子的氩气体积约为22.4 LD ．一定条件下，Al 与Fe 3O 4反应，生成5.6 g Fe ，转移0.3N A 个电子6．某溶液中可能存在Br －、CO 2－3、SO 2－3、Al 3＋、I －、Mg 2＋、Na ＋ 7种离子中的几种。
2019-2020年高三上学期开学摸底考试数学试题 含答案
2019-2020年高三上学期开学摸底考试数学试题 含答案一．填空题4分每题共56分1.复数z=1-3i （i 是虚数单位）的虚部是 -32.设集合P={3，log2a}，Q={a ，b}，若P ∩Q={0}，则P ∪Q=_｛3，10，1｝____3.已知函数，且有若a>0且b>0,则ab 的最大值是 _0.25_____4.已知对数不等式()()01log log 33>-+x a x 的解集是（，9），则实数a 的值为__2____ 5.函数y=tan 的单调递减区间是_{}z k k x k x ∈+<<，ππππ434-_____ 6.数列｛a n ｝满足5221212121+=+++n a a a n n ，则a n=2n +1 7.已知向量()()的方向上的投影是在向量则向量→→→→-=-=b a b a ,1,0,4,348.若关于x 的方程sin2x+cos2x=k 在区间上有两个不同的实数解，则实数k 的取值范围为9.圆周上有10个等分点，以这些点为顶点，每3个点可以构成一个三角行，如果随机选择了3个点，则刚好构成三角形的概率是 10.若()201520152212015201522102015333,3-1a a a x a x a x a a x ++++++= 则=-1 11.若无穷等比数列｛a n ｝的各项公比q,则首项a 1的范围是12.已知函数f(x)是定义在R 上的奇函数，且x>0,f(x)=(x-2)(x-3)+0.02,则函数f(x)在R 上的零点个数共有5个13.已知关于t 的一元二次方程()()0222=-++++i y x xy t i t ，当方程有实根时，则点x,y的轨迹方程为14.如图，F 为双曲线的右焦点，过F 作直线l 与圆切于点M,与双曲线交于点P,且M 恰为线段PF 的中点，则双曲线的渐进方程是 二，选择题5分每题共20分15.若必定是，则ABC AB ∆=+02（B ） A.锐角三角形 B.直角三角形 C.钝角三角形 D.等腰直角三角行16.如果一组数据的平均数是,方差是，则数据53,,53,53,53321++++n x x x x 的平均数和方差分别是（D ） A. B. C. D.17.一个正三棱锥的四个顶点都在半径为1的球面上，其中地面的三个顶点在该球的一个大圆上，则该正三棱锥的体积是（B ） A. B. C. D.18.在平面直角坐标系中，定义为点()()111,,+++n n n n n n y x p y x p 到点的一个变换，我们把它称为点变换。
2019-2020年高三第一次摸底考试 英语试题
2019-2020年高三第一次摸底考试英语试题I. Listening prehension (30’)Section A (10’)Directions:In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. An electrician. B. A dentist. C. A shop assistant. D. A bank clerk.2. A. The exam score. B. A soccer match. C. The world news. D. A basketball team.3. A. At a post office. B. At a flower shop. C. At a bus station.D. At a department store.4. A. 5 hours. B. 7 hours. C. 9 hours. D. 10 hours.5. A. Tim’s not seriously injured. B. Tim will get to hospital quickly.C. The woman’s heard all about Tim’s illness.D. The woman doesn’tknow how Tim is now.6. A. She isn’t in the mood to travel. B. France is too far for family holiday.C. She has had too many holidays this year.D. Family holiday nolonger interests her.7. A. She likes the hotel. B. The cost wasunbelievably high.C. The cost was reasonable.D. She will stay overnight.8. A. Disapproval. B. Disappointment. C. Sympathy. D. Passion.9. A. The man is too forgetful. B. The man shouldn’t get annoyed.C. The man has too many keys.D. The man should attend more lessons.10. A. He wants to live in apartments. B. He thinks his signature is unnecessary.C. He has already signed a contract.D. He doesn’t always say what he means. Section B (12’)Directions:In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following introduction.11. A. African slaves. B. White masters. C. Native dancers. D. Sport trainers.12. A. Having Kung fu experience. B. Being able to sing and play music.C. Wearing a green belt.D. Being strong and able to balance well.13. A. He uses his hands to keep the balance. B. He does contact hisopponent.C. He is kicked by his opponent.D. He is pushed out of the circle. Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. Greet guests and talk to hotel staff.B. Have breakfast and examine room service.C. Prepare for the meeting and write new reports.D. Review the previous night’s reports and check emails.15. A. Saying hello to every guest. B. Considering different bath requirements.C. Dining with a different staff member.D. Holding variousoperational meetings.16. A. A day’s life of a hotel manager. B. The daily routine at a hotel.C. Hotel service and improvement.D. Meetings attended by a hotel manager. Section C (8’)Directions:In Section C, you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet.plete the form. Write ONE WORD for each answer.II. Grammar and Vocabulary (25’)Section A (16’)Directions: Beneath each of the following sentences there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one answer that best pletes the sentence.25.It is not so much the language _____ the cultural background that makes the bookdifficult to understand.A. asB. norC. butD. like26.When one has good health, _____ should feel fortunate.A. youB. theyC. heD. we27. A new laptop costs about _____ of a second-hand one.A. the price of three timesB. three times the priceC. as much as the three times priceD. three times more than the price28.Nancy’s gone to work but her car’s still there. She _____ by bus.A. must have goneB. should have goneC. ought to goD.could go29.Little _____ about her own safety, though she herself was in great danger.A. she caredB. cared sheC. may she careD. did she care30.After _____ seemed an endless wait, it was his turn to enter the personnel manager'soffice.A. thatB. itC. whatD. there31.There is no doubt _____ the couple did the right thing in ing back home earlier thanplanned.A. whetherB. thatC. whyD. when32.My uncle is quite worn out from years of hard work. He is no longer the man _____he was fifteen years ago.A. whichB. whomC. whoD. that33.The couple had no sooner got to the station _____ the coach left.A. whenB. asC. untilD. than34.My mind wasn’t on what he was saying, so I’m afraid I _____ half of it.A. was missingB. had missedC. will missD. missed35.—Has Sam finished his homework today?—I have no idea. He _____ it this morning.A. didB. has doneC. was doingD. had done36.After the meeting, Premier Wen Jiabao walked onto the platform, _____ himself ina chair and prepared for answering questions.A. seatingB. seatedC. being seatedD. had seated37.The second book was _____ by August 1952, but two years later, the end was stillnowhere in sight.A. pletedB. to have pletedC. to pleteD. to have been pleted38.You can hardly imagine the heated argument _____ far into the night.A. continueB. to continueC. continuingD. to have continued39.The version _____ to be closest to the author’s original now belongs to a nationalmuseum in Paris.A. is thoughtB. thoughtC. being thoughtD. thinking40.Not having finished his homework, _____ to watch TV.A. mother forbade himB. so he was forbiddenC. he forbadeD. he was forbiddenSection B (9’)Directions: plete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word canWhat factors make you more or less bold, intelligent, or able to read a map? All of these are influenced by the interaction of your genes and the environment in which you were __41__. The study of how genes and environment interact to influence psychological activity is known as behavioral genetics. Behavioral genetics has made important __42__ to the biological revolution, providing information about the __43__ to which biology influences mind, brain and behavior.However, who wants to be told that there are __44__ to what you can achieve based on something that is beyond your control? It is easy to accept that genes control __45__ characteristics such as sex, race and eye color. But can genes also __46__ whether people will get divorced, how smart they are, or what career they are likely to choose? Increasingly, researches __47__ that genes lay the groundwork for many human traits(特征). From this viewpoint, people are born like __48__ photographs: The image is already captured, but the way it __49__ appears can vary based on the development process. However, the basic picture is there from the beginning.III. Reading prehension (50’)Section A (15’)Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.“Congratulations, Mr. Smith! It's a girl.”Fatherhood is going to have a different meaning and __50__ a different response from every man who hears these words. Some feel __51__ when they receive the news, while others worry, wondering whether they will be good fathers. Although some men like children and may have had __52__ experience with them, others do not particularly __53__ children and spend little time with them. Many fathers and mothers have been planning and looking forward to children for some time. __54__ other couples, pregnancy was an accident that both husband and wife have accepted willingly or __55__.Whatever the __56__ to the birth of a child, it is obvious the shift from the role of husband to __57__ of a father is a difficult task. Yet, unfortunately, few attempts have been __58__ to educate fathers in this resocialization __59__. Although numerous books have been written about mothers, __60__ recently has literature focused on the __61__ of a father.It is argued that the transition to the father's role, though difficult, is not __62__ as great as the transition the wife must make to the mother's role, which seems to require a plete __63__ in daily routine. __64__, the father's role is less demanding and immediate.50. A. bring down B. bring forth C. bring off D. bring in51. A. emotional B. sentimental C. embarrassed D. proud52. A. considerate B. considerable C. considering D. considered53. A. care about B. care of C. care with D. care for54. A. For B. Of C. From D. Upon55. A. gladly B. cheerfully C. reluctantly D. resistantly56. A. reply B. reaction C. readiness D. reality57. A. what B. this C. one D. that58. A. taken B. tried C. made D. given59. A. step B. process C. point D. time60. A. / B. just C. quite D. only61. A. role B. work C. career D. position62. A. a little B. just C. nearly D. almost63. A. transformation B. realization C. socialization D. reception64. A. In addition B. Above all C. Generally D. HoweverSection B (22’)Directions: Read the following passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)65.The word “talion” in introducing the book Eye for an Eye is probably a conceptof _____.A. medicineB. avengingC. tradeD. striving66.The book entitled A History of Modern Indonesia has focus on _____.A. 1andscapes and tourist attractions in IndonesiaB. its fourth largest population in the worldC. its social and political aspects in modern timesD. its relatively unfamiliar and understudied economy67.What do these books have in mon?A. Their authors are introduced in detail.B. They all have a hard back and a paperback.C. Each of them is mented by a professor.D. They are published by the same publishing house.(B)In the early 20th century, few things were more appealing than the promise of scientific knowledge. In a world struggling with rapid industrialization, science and technology seemed to offer solutions to almost every problem. Newly created state colleges and universities devoted themselves almost entirely to scientific, technological, and engineering fields. Many Americans came to believe that scientific certainty could not only solve scientific problems, but also reform politics, government, and business. Two world wars and a Great Depression rocked the confidence of many people that scientific expertise alone could create a prosperous and ordered world. After World War Ⅱ, the academic world turned with new enthusiasm to humanistic studies, which seemed to many scholars the best way to ensure the survival of democracy. American scholars are all over the world—with support from the Ford Foundation, the Fulbright program, etc.—to promote the teaching of literature and the arts in an effort to make the case for democratic freedoms.In the America of our own time, the great educational challenge has bee an effort to strengthen the teaching of what is now known as the STEM disciplines (science, technology, engineering, and math). There is much reasonable concern that the United States is falling behind much of the rest of the developed world in these essential disciplines. India, China, Japan, and other regions seem to be seizing technological leadership.At the same time, perhaps inevitably, the humanities—while still popular in key colleges and universities—have experienced a significant decline. Humanistic disciplines are seriously underfunded, not just by the government and the foundations but by academic institutions themselves. Humanists are usually among the lowest-paid faculty members at most institutions and are often lightly regarded because they do not generate grant ine and because they provide no obvious credentials (资质) for most nonacademic careers.Undoubtedly American education should train more scientists and engineers. Much of the concern among politicians about the state of American universities today is focused on the absence of “real world” education—which means preparation for professional and scientific careers. But the idea that institutions or their students must decide between humanities and science is false. Our society could not survive without scientific and technological knowledge. But we would be equally impoverished (贫困的) without humanistic knowledge as well. Science and technology teach us what we can do. Humanistic thinking helps us understand what we should do.It is almost impossible to imagine our society without thinking of the extraordinary achievements of scientists and engineers in building our plicated world. But try to imagine our world as well without the remarkable works that have defined our culture and values. We have always needed, and we still need, both.68.In the early 20th century Americans believed science and technology could _____.A. promote the nation’s social progressB. help raise people’sliving standardsC. quicken the pace of industrializationD. solve virtually allexisting problems69.Why did many American scholars bee enthusiastic about humanistic studies after WorldWarⅡ?A. They wanted to improve their own status within the current education system.B. They believed the stability of a society depended heavily on humanistic studies.C. They could get financial support from various foundations for humanistic studies.D. They realized science and technology alone were no guarantee for a better world.70.Why are American scholars worried about education today?A. America is lagging behind in the STEM disciplines.B. Some Asian countries have overtaken America in basic sciences.C. The STEM subjects are too challenging for students to learn.D. There are not enough scholars in humanistic studies.71.Why does the author attach so much importance to humanistic studies?A. They promote the development of science and technology.B. Humanistic thinking helps define our culture and values.C. They help prepare students for their professional careers.D. Humanistic thinking help s cultivate students’ creativity.(C)At the heart of the debate over illegal immigration lies one key question: are immigrants good or bad for the economy? The American public overwhelmingly thinks they're bad. Yet the consensus (共识) among most economists is that immigration, both legal and illegal, provides a small increase to the economy. Immigrants provide cheap labor, lower the prices of everything from farm produce to new homes, and leave consumers with a little more money in their pockets. So why is there such a difference between the views of immigrants' impact on the economy and the reality?There are a number of familiar theories. Some argue that people are anxious and feel threatened by an inflow of new workers. Others highlight the concern that undocumented immigrants place on public services, like schools, hospitals, and jails. Still others emphasize the role of race, arguing that foreigners add to the nation's fears and insecurities. There's some truth to all these explanations, but they aren't quite sufficient.To get a better understanding of what's going on, consider the way immigration's impact is felt. Though its overall effect may be positive, its costs and benefits are distributed unevenly. David Card, an economist at UC Berkeley, notes that the ones who profit most directly from immigrants' low-cost labor are businesses and employers –meatpacking plants in Nebraska, for instance, or agricultural businesses in California. Granted, these producers' savings probably translate into lower prices at the grocery store, but how many consumers make that mental connection at the checkout counter? As for the drawbacks of illegal immigration, these, too, are concentrated. Native low-skilled workers suffer most from the petition of foreign labor. According to a study by George Borjas, a Harvard economist, immigration reduced the wages of American high-school dropouts by 9% between 1980 and xx.Among high-skilled, better-educated employees, however, opposition was strongest in states with both high numbers of immigrants and relatively generous social services. What worried them most, in other words, was the fiscal (财政的) burden of immigration. That conclusion was supported by another finding: that their opposition appeared to soften when that fiscal burden decreased, as occurred with welfare reform in the 1990s, which prevented immigrants' access to certain benefits.The irony (讽刺) is that for all the overexcited debate, the net effect of immigration is minimal. Even for those most acutely affected –say, low-skilled workers, or California residents –the impact isn't all that dramatic. "The unpleasant voices have tended to dominate our perceptions," says Daniel Tichenor, a political science professor at the University of Oregon. "But when all those factors are put together and the economists calculate the numbers, it ends up being a net positive, but a small one." Too bad most people don't realize it.72.What can we learn from the first paragraph?A. Whether immigrants are good or bad for the economy has been puzzling economists.B. The American economy used to thrive on immigration but now it's a different story.C. The consensus among economists is that immigration should not be encouraged.D. The general public thinks differently from most economists on the impact ofimmigration.73.Why do native low-skilled workers suffer most from illegal immigration?A. They have greater difficulty getting welfare support.B. They have a harder time getting a job with decent pay.C. They are more likely to suffer conflicts between races.D. They are no match for illegal immigrants in labor skills.74.What is the chief concern of native high-skilled, better-educated employees aboutthe inflow of immigrants?A. It may change the existing social structure.B. It may place great pressure on the state budget.C. It may lead to social instability in the country.D. It may pose a threat to their economic status.75.What is the irony about the debate over immigration?A. Even economists can't reach a consensus about its impact.B. Those who are opposed to it turn out to benefit most from it.C. There is no essential difference between seemingly opposite opinions.D. People are overanxious about something of small impact.Section C (5’)Directions: Read the following text and choose the most suitable heading from the list A-F for each paragraph. There is one extra heading which you do not need.76. _____European television had the idea of taking ordinary people and turning them into “stars” by putting them in unusual situations. “Big Brother” (created in Holland) was one of the first. A group of people were locked in a small house with cameras running 24 hours a day. It was called a “watch and dial”show because viewers vote by telephone to decide who should leave or stay.77. _____“Big Brother”was probably the first of the new reality shows, but such a programme has developed. Many have found appeal by having a theme to them, but most are based on the principle of “survival of the fittest” by eliminating participants as the series progresses. So we have the dating shows where winners either pair off or stay true to their partners outside the TV studio. Then there are those that test people’s abilities for specific jobs like running a kitchen, being an interior designer or a top model.78. _____Critics say these programmes are basically bad television, but people watch them. So why are there so many of them? For the viewer it’s an opportunity to “people watch”. It’s natural to like watching other people. They’re interesting. We can imagine what we would do in that situation. We get to know the characters and see them grow and develop week after week. And of course, television is the perfect place to watch people. Like the theatre or cinema we can look at other people and they can’t look back. But with television, we can watch in the privacy of our own homes. We watch, but we don’t have to admit it to anyone.79. _____The TV panies like reality shows because they are cheap to produce and attract younger viewers, which advertisers like. The last “Big Brother”in Britain attracted enormous advertising revenue (收入). They aren’t dependent on “star” actors with enormous salaries. And your actors won’t go on strike. And why do people participate in them? Well, for fame and money of course. In the past, appearing on television wasn’t for ordinary people. You had to be good at something, like sport, or reading the news, or acting. But not any more.80. _____It seems that most shows do well at the beginning but then the viewing figures begin to fall. And it varies from country to country too. For example, one show had an adopted child try to guess the identity of her real father, and another had a family arguing over an inheritance (遗产). Both were cancelled after one episode. Perhaps the novelty has worn off. Certainly, reality TV seems to appeal much more to the younger audience. And now there are so many shows around even the young have bee more critical. Reality shows will probably survive—it’s just no longer so easy to make a successful one.Section D (8’)（写在答题纸上）Directions: Read the passages carefully. Then answer the questions or plete the statements in the fewest possible words.Most young boys are trained to believe that men should be strong, tough, and cool. Thus, they learn early to hide such emotions as love, joy, and sadness because they believe that such feelings imply weakness. Over time, some men bee strangers to their own emotional lives. It seems that men with these traditional views are more likely to hold back outward emotions and to fear emotions, supposedly because such feelings may lead to a loss of calmness. Keep in mind, however, that this view is challenged by some researchers. As with many gender(性别) gaps, differences in emotionality tend to be small, inconsistent, and dependent on the situation. For instance, Robertson and colleagues found that males who were more traditionally masculine(有男子气概的) were more emotionally expressive in a structured exercise than when they were simply asked to talk about their emotions.Males’ difficulty with “tender” emotions has serious consequences. First, emotions held back can contribute to stress-related disorders. And worse, men are less likely than women to seek help from health professionals. Second, men’s emotional inexpressiveness can cause problems in their relationships with partners and children. For example, men with traditional masculine norms report lower relationship satisfaction, as do their female partners. Further, children whose fathers are warm, loving, and accepting toward them have higher self pride and lower rates of aggression and behavior problems. On a positive note, fathers are increasingly involving themselves with their children. And 30 percent of fathers report that they take equal or greater responsibility for their children than their working wives do.(Note: Answer the questions or plete the statements in NO MORE THAN FIVE WORDS.) 81.Most young boys have been trained to believe that men who show tender feelings areconsidered to be ______________.82.Some men believe that if they expressed their emotions openly they might______________.83.According to the author, men who hold back their emotions may develop ______________.84.Men who observe traditional masculine norms are said to gain less satisfaction from______________.第II 卷（共45分）I. Translation (20’)（写在答题纸上）Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1.当地人的友好与热情令游客们印象深刻。
2019-2020年高三上学期摸底考试语文试卷含答案
2019-2020年高三上学期摸底考试语文试卷含答案一、语言文字运用（15分）1、依次填入下列横线处的词语,最恰当的一组是( ) ( 3分 )说到底，世上风景闲流水，端的还是要人慢下来。
中国这如诗的城市中，最是江城得了个中，且将它地挥洒出来。
这江城街头巷尾、湖畔公园里数不胜数的茶馆、茶铺，一个人在清晨里不慌不忙地起来，到茶馆里，一坐就是一天，那叫一个悠闲！A.趣味痛痛快快当是遛B.滋味淋漓尽致便是踱C.意味兴致勃勃自是逛D.韵味尽情尽兴恰是晃2、下列各句中，没有语病的一项是( )( 3分 )A. 只有当促进艺术电影繁荣成为社会共识，从源头的创作方到受众方的各环节都得到强有力的支持，艺术电影才能真正实现飞跃。
B. 据说当年徽州男人大多外出经商，家中皆是妇孺及孩童，为了安全，徽州的古村落老宅子大多为高墙深院、重门窄窗的建筑。
C. 工作之余，大家闲谈话题脱不开子女教育、住房大小、职务升迁，也照样脱不开为饭菜咸淡、暖气冷热、物价高低吐槽发声。
D. 我国重新修订《食品安全法》，目的是用更严格的监管、更严厉的处罚、更严肃的问责，切实保障“舌尖上的安全”，被称为“最严食品安全法”。
3、对下列各句的修辞手法判断有误的一项是( )( 3分 )A．我知道我是在挖开我的回忆的坟墓。
（比喻）B．朔气传金柝，寒光照铁衣。
（对偶）C．你不觉得我们班的学生很努力吗？（设问）D．远寺的钟声突然惊醒了海的酣梦。
（拟人）4、依次填入下面一段文字横线处的语句，前后衔接最为恰当的一组是( )( 3分 )中国人民抗日战争的胜利，充分证明了中国共产党是救亡图存、实现民族复兴的核心力量。
今天，我们纪念抗日战争胜利70周年，就是要_________，_________，_________，_________，_________。
铭记这段历史，是因为它惨烈悲壮与不屈抗争应当成为中华民族的集体记忆，更是希望从中汲取沉痛的历史教训，获得开创未来的精神力量。
2019-2020年高三上学期第一次摸底考试语文试题
2019-2020年高三上学期第一次摸底考试语文试题一、语言文字运用（15分，每小题3分）1.下列各句中，加点的成语使用恰当．．的一句是（3分）A.中国电影如今已迈入所谓的大片时代，明星片酬的飞涨、外国团队的加盟、3D技术的普及，使得影片制作成本突飞猛进．．．．。
B.24日，济南市泉城路新华书店举办了乔布斯唯一授权的传记——《史蒂夫·乔布斯传》首发式，现场人满为患．．．．，气氛异常火爆。
C.自从“百家讲坛”问世以来，观众对它的评论一直没有间断。
有的评论见解深刻，语言犀利，真可谓难得的空谷足音．．．．。
D.横亘在我国西北部新疆和青海间的昆仑山有着“万山之祖”的美誉，它高耸挺拔，龙．飞凤舞．．．，生态环境独特，自然景色壮观。
2．下列各句中，没有语病．．．．的一句是（3分）A．专家指出，中央对文化建设的高度重视，高层在文化理论创新与实践认识方面正逐渐走向成熟，相关的文化建设能力正在不断地提升。
B．明年我国将把促进社会公平放在更加突出的位置，加强和创新社会管理，突出抓好维护社会稳定、保障公共安全等工作。
C．在欧洲看“蒙娜丽莎的微笑”，你立即就能感觉到，这种恬然的自信只属于那些真正从中世纪的梦魇中苏醒、对前路挺有把握的艺术家们才会有。
D．下半年以来，鄂尔多斯市发生多起高利贷崩盘事件。
有研究者认为，目前我国部分地区民间高利贷风险逐步加大，所以采取措施加以控制，就可以解决部分地区的金融问题。
3.如今，中国传统节日正处于逐渐演变为简单的假日或是商家吸金的噱头的尴尬境地。
人们对传统文化的认同感不再强烈，仪式感日益淡化。
学校为了让更多同学广泛深入地了解中国传统节日，准备开展系列介绍交流活动。
请根据要求,完成下列题目。
（3分）⑴下列内容与哪一个中国传统节日有关？请将答案填在横线上。
①年年乞于人间巧：____ ____②艾符蒲酒话升平：____ ____⑵请你为学校开展的这项活动拟一条宣传标语。
（不超过20个字，至少运用一种修辞）4．依次填入下面语段横线处的句子，恰当的一组是 ( )古人写评论，大致分三类：这三类，未必概全，但纵有遗漏我想也无损于以下事实，即：古代的文学评论一直以私人性、兴趣和偶然为特色，有兴致便写一点，如没有，则可能一辈子也想不起来写，没有谁处心积虑当什么批评家。
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2019-2020年高三上学期第一次摸底考试（时间：150分钟满分：150分）一、古代诗文阅读（27分）（一）默写常见的名篇名句（6分）1. 补写出下列名句名篇中的空缺部分。
（6分）（1），一弦一柱思年华。
（李商隐《锦瑟》）（2），唯见江心秋月白。
（白居易《琵琶行》）（3）举酒属客，诵明月之诗，。
（苏轼《赤壁赋》）（4）伏清白以死直兮，。
（屈原《离骚》）（5）氓之蚩蚩，抱布贸丝。
，。
（《诗经·氓》）(二)文言文阅读（15分）阅读下面的文言文，完成2-4题。
御史大夫韩安国者，梁成安人也。
事梁孝王为中大夫。
吴楚反时，孝王使安国为将，安国持重，以故吴不能过梁。
吴楚已破，安国名由此显。
安国坐法抵罪，蒙狱吏田甲辱安国。
安国曰：“死灰独不复然乎?”田甲曰：“然即溺之。
”居无何，梁内史缺，汉使使者拜安国为梁内史，起徒中为二千石。
田甲亡走。
安国曰：“甲不就官，我灭而宗。
”甲因肉袒谢。
安国笑曰：“可溺矣!公等足与治乎?”卒善遇之。
建元六年，安国为御史大夫。
匈奴来请和亲，天子下议。
大行王恢议曰：“汉与匈奴和亲，率不过数岁即复倍约。
”安国曰：“今匈奴负戎马之足，怀禽兽之心，迁徙鸟举，难得而制也。
得其地不足以为广，有其众不足以为强，自上古不属为人。
汉数千里争利，则人马罢，虏以全制其敝。
且强弩之极，矢不能穿鲁缟，击之不便，不如和亲。
”于是上许和亲。
元光元年，雁门马邑豪聂翁壹因大行王恢言上曰：“匈奴初和亲，亲信边，可诱以利。
”阴使聂翁壹为间，亡入匈奴，谓单于曰：“吾能斩马邑令丞吏，以城降，财物可尽得。
”单于爱信之，以为然，许聂翁壹。
聂翁壹乃还，诈斩死罪囚，县其头马邑城，示单于使者为信。
曰：“马邑长吏已死，可急来。
”于是单于穿塞将十余万骑，入武州塞。
当是时，汉伏兵三十余万，匿马邑旁谷中。
御史大夫韩安国为护军将军，诸将皆属护军。
约单于入马邑而汉兵纵发。
王恢从代主击其辎重。
未至马邑百余里，行掠卤，徒见畜牧于野，不见一人。
单于怪之，攻烽燧，得武州尉史，欲刺问尉史。
尉史曰：“汉兵数十万伏马邑下。
”单于顾谓左右曰：“几为汉所卖!”乃引兵还。
安国为人多大略，智足以当世取合，而出于忠厚焉。
所推举皆廉士，贤于己者也。
于梁举壶遂、臧固、郅他，皆天下名士。
士亦以此称慕之，唯天子以为国器。
安国以元朔二年中卒。
（节选自《史记•韩长孺列传》）2．对下列句子中加点的词的解释，不正确的一项是（）（3分）A．居．无何，梁内史缺居：过了。
B．汉与匈奴和亲，率不过数岁即复倍．约倍：违背。
C．未至马邑百余里，行．掠卤行：将要。
D．单于怪．之，攻烽燧，得武州尉史怪：责怪。
3．下列对原文的叙述和分析，不正确的一项是（）（3分）A．韩安国因犯法被判罪，在狱中遭到狱吏的侮辱，但他怀有宽容之心，在他东山再起后并未对狱吏田甲施以报复。
B．在匈奴请求和亲的问题上，大行王恢和韩安国的意见是不一致的。
韩安国主张和亲的理由比较充分，所以皇上便同意与匈奴和亲。
C．雁门郡马邑城的豪绅聂翁壹在韩安国的提议下做间谍，逃到匈奴，后来为取得单于使者的信任，斩杀死囚，悬头于马邑城上，向单于诈降，最终却功败垂成。
D．为突袭匈奴单于，汉军在马邑城旁边的山谷中伏兵三十余万，韩安国担任护军将军，并统领各路兵马。
4．把文中画横线的句子翻译成现代汉语。
（9分）(1)安国曰：“死灰独不复然乎?”（3分）译文：(2)汉数千里争利，则人马罢，虏以全制其敝。
（3分）译文：(3)士亦以此称慕之，唯天子以为国器。
（3分）译文：（三）古代诗歌阅读（6分）5．阅读下面一首诗，然后回答问题。
（6分）唐·曹松泽国江山入战图，生民何计乐樵苏①；凭君莫话封侯事，一将功成万骨枯。
【注释】①打柴为“樵”，割草为“苏”。
（1）诗的开头两句描绘了一幅怎样的图景？请简要赏析（3分）答：__________________________________________________________________________（2）诗的最后一句“一将功成万骨枯”概括有力，字字千钧，令人感动，成为警世名句，请从表现手法上加以赏析。
（3分）答：__________________________________________________________________________ 二、文学名著、文化经典阅读(16分)(一)文学名著阅读(10分)6．下列各项中，对作品故事情节的叙述有误．．的两项是( )(5分)A．东吴孙权要向蜀汉索回荆州，都督周瑜定计，将孙权妹谎说嫁给刘备，借以把刘备骗到东吴留作人质，以便索回荆州。
刘备按诸葛亮的对策行事，到东吴成婚后偕同夫人逃出东吴。
周瑜带兵追赶，被诸葛亮的伏兵打败。
(《三国演义》)B．聂赫留朵夫跟着犯人的队伍长途跋涉，对他们有了深入的认识。
他认识到：监狱里的罪犯，一部分是根本无罪的，被诬陷的；一部分是因为道德水平高于一般水平，如革命者。
他们都是极好的人。
(《复活》)C．贾母八十一大寿将至，贾府为了给她祈福消灾，发动全家会写字的姑娘奶奶们抄写《心经》，鸳鸯来问惜春。
惜春对这个差事十分愿意，还说自己素日念米佛已经念了三年多了，并把米收好，想等老太太做功德的时候将它衬在里头供佛施食。
(《红楼梦》)D. 旧历年的最后一天，高公馆又是敬神，又是放花炮，到处都沉浸在一片热闹中，人人都在说祝福的话。
觉民拉着觉慧到姑妈家去，相对于高公馆，张家显得很冷清，觉民兄弟先给姑妈“辞岁”，接着又到琴的房间里去，惊讶地发现梅表姐也在房中。
与梅聊天，大家都陷入了一阵感伤中。
(《家》)E．爱斯梅拉达站在绞刑场上，她留恋地向四周环顾了下，忽然发现广场角落那边阳台上的弗比斯，她万分喜悦，然而弗比斯却没有搭救她，而是躲进了屋子，她伤心极了。
但她被卡西莫多救下以后，又忍不住为弗比斯的行为编造各种理由，相信弗比斯仍然深爱着她，只是由于某种原因而不能出手相救。
(《巴黎圣母院》)7．简答题。
(任选一题，每题100宇左右)(5分)（1）宝玉第一次细赏宝钗的金锁是在怎样的情况下，又是如何结束的？请简述。
（2）梳妆匣是《欧也妮•葛朗台》中的重要道具，请简述围绕梳妆匣前前后后发生的事情，以及梳妆匣的最后去处。
第（）题（二）文化经典阅读（6分）8．阅读下面的《论语》选段，回答问题。
（6分）子之武城①，闻弦歌②之声。
夫子莞尔而笑，曰：“割鸡焉用牛刀？”子游对曰：“昔者偃也闻诸夫子曰：‘君子学道则爱人，小人学道则易使也。
’”子曰：“二三子！偃之言是也。
前言戏③之耳。
”【注释】①武城：鲁国的一个小城，当时子游是武城宰。
②弦歌：弦，指琴瑟。
以琴瑟伴奏歌唱。
③戏：开玩笑，逗趣。
（1）下列各项中，对上面选段的理解不正确．．．的一项是（）（3分）A．子游任武城行政长官，孔子去看他，听到处处弦歌之声。
孔子批评子游在这么小的地方施行礼乐教化，是用牛刀杀鸡。
B．孔子既对子游在小小的武城里用礼乐来治理而感到高兴，又对子游不能治大国以施展其礼乐之治而感到惋惜。
C．子游把弦歌看成是学道的方法，他遵循孔子教导，认为不管是在上位的君子，还是普通百姓，学了礼乐道理都能从中受益。
D．孔子对学生的行为很满意，却说了反话；当学生正言以对，他马上承认是在开玩笑。
这说明孔子为人幽默，教育方法灵活。
（2）“弦歌之声”，就是以音乐为中心的教育。
根据上面的选段，请简要谈谈你对乐教观的理解。
（3分）答：三、现代文阅读（12分）阅读下面的文字，完成9～11小题。
“城市文明”问题在当前的提出，我想有两个背景最值得关注：一是从全球范围看，以“国际化大都市”与“世界级都市群”为中心的城市化进程，在极大地推动当今世界经济社会发展的同时，也使城市社会学家所谓的“城市问题”大量涌现并不断升级，直接影响到当今世界城市社会的可持续发展；二是对中国来说，这既是城市化进程在中国快速发展的必然表现，也是“城市文明”在当前备受关注的直接原因。
但另一方面，我们在现实与理论上的准备，却不足乃至匮乏。
城市文明的研究与建设，有两个问题需要先行解决。
首先，什么是文明，它有哪些具体的层面与内涵，这些具体层面与内涵的相互关系如何?这是建构一个科学的发展框架，使城市文明和谐、健康地发展的基础。
在中国古代文献中，“文明”最早见于《易·乾·文言》和《尚书·舜典》，是指一整套用来区别“先进”与“落后”、“文明”与“野蛮”的“形式符号系统”，具体地说就是先秦儒家津津乐道的“礼乐制度”。
“礼乐制度”的主要功能是为政治服务，所以中国古代的“文明”主要指“政治文明”。
马克思、恩格斯对“文明”也多有论述，核心是人类改造世界的实践活动的成果，包括物质文明与精神文明两方面。
由此可知，“文明”的基本内涵决定了其功能相应有三：在“物质文明”层面，以生产工具的发明与使用为标志，它是一种人类特有的物质生产方式；在“政治文明”层面，以政治、法律等上层建筑的创造与运用为标志，它表现为一种与野蛮时代或野蛮民族有着本质差异的社会生活方式；在“精神文明”层面，以伦理、艺术等人文精神的创造为最高目标与理想，它是一种在大自然、动物界及野蛮社会中不可想像的艺术生活方式与审美精神境界。
其次，要弄清“文明”与“城市”的关系。
从起源上讲，“文明”与“城市”关系密切，中西皆然。
英语的“文明”(civiliza—tion)源于拉丁文的“civitis"(城市)，最初指城市居民的风俗、习惯和道德的高贵。
荷兰学者彼得·李伯庚在研究欧洲文化史时就指出，在16、17世纪，欧洲城市与农村的区别是“农村里没有城市里那么文雅”。
早在中国的周代，人们就把祭祀与礼仪中心看做是“城市”的标志，这意味着，按照礼仪制度组织起来的人类社会，既是人类进入文明时代的标志，同时也是最初的城市文明形态。
尽管城市文明的内涵也主要有三层，但它的核心无疑是中国古代思想家讲的“礼”与“乐”，用今天的话说是“城市的善”与“城市的美”。
文明史与城市发展史告诉我们，越往上追溯，城市的重心就越依靠物质文明与政治文明，因为只有强大的物质基础与强有力的政治保障，才能顶住野蛮人或外来文明的军事压力，以及维护好内部的安定团结。
但随着城市在当代的发展，基础性的物质文明建设与基本的政治、法律制度建设，已不再是城市文明发展水平的最高理想。
或者说，由于“文明病”、城市问题更多地与人的精神文化生态相关，因而中国古人最看重的“礼”与“乐”，在当前具有了越来越重要的意义。
还可以说，在“礼”与“乐”之间，由于“礼”的目的在于生产和谐，目标是建设和谐城市，所以，“城市的美”比“城市的善”更高一层，代表了人类城市文明的最高目标。
（选自《艺术与城市文明》，有删节）9．下列理解与表述符合原文意思的两项是(5分) ( ) ( )A．城市化进程是“城市问题”大量涌现并不断升级的根本原因。