苏格拉底介绍演讲英文(课堂PPT)
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苏格拉底介绍演讲(英文)课件
city's history, leading to the decline of Athenian democracy and the rise of Macedon. • Socrates' death also marked the beginning of a new era in philosophy, as his students Plato and Xenophon
The Trial of Socrates
The trial of Socrates began in 399 BC, presided over by a panel of 500 Athenian citizens.
Socrates then had the opportunity to present his defense, which he did through a series of speeches.
The Role of Dialectical in Social Thought
Dialectical refers to the process of logical argumentation and the examination of ideas through dialogue and debate.
carried on his teachings and developed their own philosophical schools.
04
Legacy of Socrates
The Development of Western Philosophy
Socrates' teachings on the importance of reason and critical thinking have been highly influential in the development of Western philosophy. His contributions to the field include the Socratic Method, which involves asking probing questions to encourage individuals to think more deeply about their beliefs and assumptions.
The Trial of Socrates
The trial of Socrates began in 399 BC, presided over by a panel of 500 Athenian citizens.
Socrates then had the opportunity to present his defense, which he did through a series of speeches.
The Role of Dialectical in Social Thought
Dialectical refers to the process of logical argumentation and the examination of ideas through dialogue and debate.
carried on his teachings and developed their own philosophical schools.
04
Legacy of Socrates
The Development of Western Philosophy
Socrates' teachings on the importance of reason and critical thinking have been highly influential in the development of Western philosophy. His contributions to the field include the Socratic Method, which involves asking probing questions to encourage individuals to think more deeply about their beliefs and assumptions.
苏格拉底演讲PPT
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——初一十一班王梓涵
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• 有次，苏格拉底在街上行走，有人用棍子 打他的背，痛得他无法站立而蹲下去，但 很快的，他又若无其事的站起来。目睹整 个经过的旁人，看见他没有任何的反应， 好奇的问他：你挨打，为什么不还手？苏 格拉底微笑地回答：当一只发野性的驴踢 你时，你会还它一脚吗？
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• 苏格拉底是单身汉的时候，原来和几个朋 友一起，住在一间只有七八平方米的房间 里，他一天到晚总是乐呵呵的。 有人问他：'那么多人挤在一起，连转个身 都困难，有什么可乐的？' 苏格拉底说：'朋友们在一块儿，随时都可 以交换思想，交流感情，这难道不是很值 得高兴的事儿吗？'过了一段日子，朋友们 一个个成了家，先后搬了出去。屋子里只
•
他问道：“作战时，潜入敌方军营，偷窃其作战图是
非正义行为吗?为防绝望中的朋友自杀，把他藏在枕头底
下的刀偷走，难道不应该吗?生病时儿子不肯吃药，父亲
就骗他，把药当饭给他吃，使儿子很快恢复了健康，这种 欺骗行为又应该放在哪一边呢?”
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•
这一连串的问题，使尤苏戴莫斯如堕五里雾
中。
• 苏格拉底在破除了对方的成见后，就正面进行诱 导，并使尤苏戴莫斯接受了自己的观点。接着他 就指出什么样的知识对人来说最为重要的，这就 是“认识你自己”
格拉底生就有着扁平的鼻子，肥厚的嘴唇，
凸出的眼睛，笨拙而矮小的身体。他容貌
平凡，语言朴实，却具有神圣的思想。
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• 青少年时代，苏格拉底曾跟父亲学过手艺，熟读荷马史诗及其他著名 诗人的作品，靠自学成了一名很有学问的人。他喜欢在市场、运动场、 街头等公众场合与各方面的人谈论各种各样的问题，如战争、政治、 友谊、艺术，伦理道德等等。他曾三次参战，当过重装步兵，不止一 次在战斗中救助受了伤的士兵。40岁左右，他成了雅典的远近闻名的 人物。苏格拉底一生过着艰苦的生活。无论严寒酷署，他都穿着一件 普通的单衣，经常不穿鞋，对吃饭也不讲究。但他似乎没有注意到这 些，只是专心致志地做学问。
苏格拉底介绍英文版ppt
answer is to indicate that the wisdom of a person is of little value
or totally worthless. God is not talking about Socraas an explanation .He is proud of his ignorance
nothing. Many children of rich and poor families often gathered around him and asked for advice. Socrates often said, " I know that I know nothing." He concluded: “only god is wise. His
Age
truth of life and live a moral life. He defines philosophy as “love of wisdom". One of his important points is that I know that I know
The peak years of his life!
-
• Around the age of 40, he became a famous figure in athens. In
athens, he argued with many wise men about philosophy, mainly
Middle
about ethics and education politics. He was regarded as the most intelligent man at that time. He advocates people to know the
苏格拉底介绍英文版PPT课件
Socrates
The unexamined life is not worth living.
——Socrates
.
1
Catalogu e
1 Profile
2 Lifetime 3 Thought
.
2
1
Profile
.
3
Who is
Socrates
Socrates (469-399 B.C.), a famous thinker, philosopher, educator and citizen juror in ancient Greece.
and believes that everyone should admit his ignorance. As a
citizen, he joined the. army three times and served as heavy9
Death
As a citizen of Athens, it is recorded that
answer is to indicate that the wisdom of a person is of little value
or totally worthless. God is not talking about Socrates. He just
uses my name as an explanation .He is proud of his ignorance
Socrates and his student Plato, as well as Plato's student Aristotle, are called "three sages of ancient Greece", and are widely regarded as the founders of western philosophy by later generations.
The unexamined life is not worth living.
——Socrates
.
1
Catalogu e
1 Profile
2 Lifetime 3 Thought
.
2
1
Profile
.
3
Who is
Socrates
Socrates (469-399 B.C.), a famous thinker, philosopher, educator and citizen juror in ancient Greece.
and believes that everyone should admit his ignorance. As a
citizen, he joined the. army three times and served as heavy9
Death
As a citizen of Athens, it is recorded that
answer is to indicate that the wisdom of a person is of little value
or totally worthless. God is not talking about Socrates. He just
uses my name as an explanation .He is proud of his ignorance
Socrates and his student Plato, as well as Plato's student Aristotle, are called "three sages of ancient Greece", and are widely regarded as the founders of western philosophy by later generations.
苏格拉底的简介PPT演示课件
22
二、孔子的启发式接受学习 孔子，为春秋末期鲁国人。“学 而不厌，诲人不倦”，被誉为“万师 之表”。 孔子的教学过程，可分为以下四个部分 •学 •习 •思 •行
23
• 孔子的启发式教学，是针对当时官学中盛行的 注重个人教学所提出的。他反对师云亦云，不 激发学生积极思维的教学。他在教学过程中的 一个突出特点，就是重视让学生把学习和思考 有机地结合起来，在独立思考中去获得知识， 发展认识能力。
14
灵魂不灭说
苏格拉底关于灵魂的学说，进一步使精神和物质的 分化更加明朗起来。在苏格拉底看来，事物的产生 与灭亡，不过是某种东西的聚合和分散。他将精神 和物质这样明确对立起来，成为西方哲学史上唯心 主义哲学的奠基人。
15
助产术和揭露矛盾的辩证法
苏格拉底认为一切知识，均从疑难中产生，愈求进步疑难 愈多，疑难愈多进步愈大。苏格拉底承认他自己本来没有知识， 而他又要教授别人知识。这个矛盾，他是这样解决的：这些知 识并不是由他灌输给人的，而是人们原来已经具有的；人们已 在心上怀了“胎”，不过自己还不知道，苏格拉底像一个“助 产婆”，帮助别人产生知识。苏格拉底的助产术，集中表现在 他经常采用的“诘问式”的形式中，以提问的方式揭露对方提 出的各种命题、学说中的矛盾，以动摇对方论证的基础，指明 对方的无知；在诘问中，苏格拉底自己并不给予正面的、积极 的回答，因为他承认自己无知 。这种方式一般被称为“苏格拉 底的讽刺”。
孔子
• 不同之处 主要体现 在教育内 容上，尽 管都以德 育为主
内容多宗教色彩 政事，道德
“认识自己”
无宗教色彩
政事，道德，天文， 数学
多体现人与人之间 的关系 如“礼”，强调等 级名分，尊卑长幼
29
四、苏格拉底与孔子教学法 对现代教育的意义
二、孔子的启发式接受学习 孔子，为春秋末期鲁国人。“学 而不厌，诲人不倦”，被誉为“万师 之表”。 孔子的教学过程，可分为以下四个部分 •学 •习 •思 •行
23
• 孔子的启发式教学，是针对当时官学中盛行的 注重个人教学所提出的。他反对师云亦云，不 激发学生积极思维的教学。他在教学过程中的 一个突出特点，就是重视让学生把学习和思考 有机地结合起来，在独立思考中去获得知识， 发展认识能力。
14
灵魂不灭说
苏格拉底关于灵魂的学说，进一步使精神和物质的 分化更加明朗起来。在苏格拉底看来，事物的产生 与灭亡，不过是某种东西的聚合和分散。他将精神 和物质这样明确对立起来，成为西方哲学史上唯心 主义哲学的奠基人。
15
助产术和揭露矛盾的辩证法
苏格拉底认为一切知识，均从疑难中产生，愈求进步疑难 愈多，疑难愈多进步愈大。苏格拉底承认他自己本来没有知识， 而他又要教授别人知识。这个矛盾，他是这样解决的：这些知 识并不是由他灌输给人的，而是人们原来已经具有的；人们已 在心上怀了“胎”，不过自己还不知道，苏格拉底像一个“助 产婆”，帮助别人产生知识。苏格拉底的助产术，集中表现在 他经常采用的“诘问式”的形式中，以提问的方式揭露对方提 出的各种命题、学说中的矛盾，以动摇对方论证的基础，指明 对方的无知；在诘问中，苏格拉底自己并不给予正面的、积极 的回答，因为他承认自己无知 。这种方式一般被称为“苏格拉 底的讽刺”。
孔子
• 不同之处 主要体现 在教育内 容上，尽 管都以德 育为主
内容多宗教色彩 政事，道德
“认识自己”
无宗教色彩
政事，道德，天文， 数学
多体现人与人之间 的关系 如“礼”，强调等 级名分，尊卑长幼
29
四、苏格拉底与孔子教学法 对现代教育的意义
苏格拉底介绍英文版
thinker, philosopher, educator and citizen juror in ancient Greece.
Socrates and his student Plato, as well as Plato's student Aristotle, are called "three sages of ancient Greece", and are widely regarded as the founders of western philosophy by later
2
Lifetime
Youth
Childho od
Middle Age
Death
• Socrates was born in alopeke, and belonged to the tribe antiochis. His father was sophroniscus, a sculptor, or stonemason.His mother was a midwife named phaenarete.
Age
advocates people to know the truth of life and live a moral life. He defines philosophy as “love of wisdom". One of his
The peak
important points is that I know that I know nothing. Many children of rich and poor families often gathered around
years of his life!
Socrates and his student Plato, as well as Plato's student Aristotle, are called "three sages of ancient Greece", and are widely regarded as the founders of western philosophy by later
2
Lifetime
Youth
Childho od
Middle Age
Death
• Socrates was born in alopeke, and belonged to the tribe antiochis. His father was sophroniscus, a sculptor, or stonemason.His mother was a midwife named phaenarete.
Age
advocates people to know the truth of life and live a moral life. He defines philosophy as “love of wisdom". One of his
The peak
important points is that I know that I know nothing. Many children of rich and poor families often gathered around
years of his life!
苏格拉底介绍英文版
2
Lifetime
Youth Childhood
Middle Age Death
• Socrates was born in alopeke, and belonged to the tribe antiochis. His father was sophroniscus, a sculptor, or stonemason.His mother was a midwife named phtic method
• Perhaps his most important contribution to Western thought is his dialectic method of inquiry, known as the Socratic method or method of "elenchus", which he largely applied to the examination of key moral concepts such as the Good and Justice. It was first described by Plato in the Socratic Dialogues. To solve a problem, it would be broken down into a series of questions, the answers to which gradually distill the answer a person would seek. The development and practice of this method is one of Socrates's most enduring contributions, and is a key factor in earning his mantle as the father of political philosophy, ethics or moral philosophy, and as a figurehead of all the central themes in Western philosophy. The Socratic method has often been considered as a defining element of American legal education.
苏格拉底介绍PPT课件PPT53页
18
第19页，共53页。
Comparison of Educational Thoughts between Confucius and Socrates
19
第20页，共53页。
• Comparison on living background • Comparison on teaching aims • Comparison on teaching objects • Comparison on teaching contents • Comparison on teaching methods
※Deals belong in a world that only the wise man can
understand, making the philosopher the only type of person suitable to govern others.
14
第15页，共53页。
Socrates’ virtue
13
第14页，共53页。
Socratic Wisdom
※ Wisdom springs from an awareness of his own ignorance. (I only know that I know nothing)
※The best way for people to live was to focus not on accumulating possessions, but on self-development.
时代 背景
公元前6世纪 希腊化时代
古希腊作为罗马帝国的一部分
哲学 政治 伦理 玄学 本体论 生物 修辞 美学
3
第4页，共53页。
第19页，共53页。
Comparison of Educational Thoughts between Confucius and Socrates
19
第20页，共53页。
• Comparison on living background • Comparison on teaching aims • Comparison on teaching objects • Comparison on teaching contents • Comparison on teaching methods
※Deals belong in a world that only the wise man can
understand, making the philosopher the only type of person suitable to govern others.
14
第15页，共53页。
Socrates’ virtue
13
第14页，共53页。
Socratic Wisdom
※ Wisdom springs from an awareness of his own ignorance. (I only know that I know nothing)
※The best way for people to live was to focus not on accumulating possessions, but on self-development.
时代 背景
公元前6世纪 希腊化时代
古希腊作为罗马帝国的一部分
哲学 政治 伦理 玄学 本体论 生物 修辞 美学
3
第4页，共53页。
苏格拉底哲学大师的一生英文版ppt
Childhood
Socrates was born in Athens, Greece, to a family of ordinary citizens. Sophroniscus, his father, was a carver, and Phaenarete, his mother, was a midwifeSocrates was born with a snout, thick lips, bulging eyes, and a short body. He was plain in appearance and plain in speech, but he had a divine mind.
苏格拉底出生于希腊雅典一个普通公民的家庭。其父索佛洛尼斯 科斯是雕刻匠，母亲费纳瑞特是助产妇苏格拉底生下来就长着鼻 子，厚嘴唇，突出的眼睛和短小的身体。他相貌平平，言语平平， 但他有一颗神圣的心。
Youth
Socrates studied sculpture with his father. Later, he read Homer's epic and other famous poets' works, and became a very learned man by himself.He made a living by imparting knowledge, and in his 30s he became a social ethics teacher who did not get paid or set up a library.
40岁左右，他成了雅典的远近闻名的人物。他在雅典和当时的许多智者辩论哲 学问题，主要是关于伦理道德以及教育政治方面的问题，被认为是当时最有智 慧的人。作为公民，他曾三次参军作战，当过重装步兵，在战争中表现得顽强 勇敢，并不止一次在战斗中救助受了伤的士兵。此外，他还曾在雅典公民大会 中担任过陪审官。
苏格拉底 英文介绍(课堂PPT)
苏格拉底一生过着艰苦的生活。无论严寒酷暑，他都穿着
一件普通的单衣，经常不穿鞋，对吃饭也不讲究。但他似 乎没有注意到这些，只是专心致志地做学问。他的生平事 例，成就思想，均由其弟子记录。
5
The death
古希腊著名哲学家苏格拉底 Socrates 曾经自幼随父学艺 ，后 来，当过兵，曾经三次参战。大约在40岁左右苏格拉底出 了名，并进人五百人会议。大约公元前399年，苏格拉底因“不 敬国家所奉的神，并且宣传其他的新神，败坏青年”的罪名被判 有死罪。在收监期间，他的朋友买通了狱卒，劝他逃走，但他决 心服从国家的法律，拒不逃走。后来在狱中服毒受死终年7O岁 Socrates’ friends wanted to help him escape. But Socrates felt that obeying the court’s decision was the right thing to do. Socrates spent his last day with his friends. Then, he calmly drank poison made from a hemlock（从芹叶钩吻制取的毒药） plant and died.
苏格拉底坐牢时，听见隔壁牢房里有个新来的犯人在哼歌，那是一首新
歌，他以前从未听过。苏格拉底急忙请求唱歌的狱友教他那首新歌。
监牢里的人都知道苏格拉底是死囚，行刑日期迫近。听了他的请求，唱
歌的囚犯很吃惊：“您不知道自己马上就要被处决了吗？” “我
当然知道。”苏格拉底轻松地回答。 “那您为什么还要学新歌
呢？”狱友不解地问。 这位伟人回答说：“这样我死的时候就多
So in some sense, Socratic method equals to Stimulating Mode which is the essence of teaching philosophy of Kongfuzi.
一件普通的单衣，经常不穿鞋，对吃饭也不讲究。但他似 乎没有注意到这些，只是专心致志地做学问。他的生平事 例，成就思想，均由其弟子记录。
5
The death
古希腊著名哲学家苏格拉底 Socrates 曾经自幼随父学艺 ，后 来，当过兵，曾经三次参战。大约在40岁左右苏格拉底出 了名，并进人五百人会议。大约公元前399年，苏格拉底因“不 敬国家所奉的神，并且宣传其他的新神，败坏青年”的罪名被判 有死罪。在收监期间，他的朋友买通了狱卒，劝他逃走，但他决 心服从国家的法律，拒不逃走。后来在狱中服毒受死终年7O岁 Socrates’ friends wanted to help him escape. But Socrates felt that obeying the court’s decision was the right thing to do. Socrates spent his last day with his friends. Then, he calmly drank poison made from a hemlock（从芹叶钩吻制取的毒药） plant and died.
苏格拉底坐牢时，听见隔壁牢房里有个新来的犯人在哼歌，那是一首新
歌，他以前从未听过。苏格拉底急忙请求唱歌的狱友教他那首新歌。
监牢里的人都知道苏格拉底是死囚，行刑日期迫近。听了他的请求，唱
歌的囚犯很吃惊：“您不知道自己马上就要被处决了吗？” “我
当然知道。”苏格拉底轻松地回答。 “那您为什么还要学新歌
呢？”狱友不解地问。 这位伟人回答说：“这样我死的时候就多
So in some sense, Socratic method equals to Stimulating Mode which is the essence of teaching philosophy of Kongfuzi.
苏格拉底英文介绍
Virtue as knowledge
Socrates maintained that true reality is knowledge, and that the only way to achieve true happiness and fulfillment is through the cultivation of Wisdom and the avoidance of ignorance
to its well being and specificity
02
The role of the philosopher
Socrates envisioned a role for philosophers in the polis, arguing
that they should participate in public affairs and seek to shape
The impact on modern logic and science
Socrates' teaching on reason and logical thinking has been highly influential in the development of modern logic and science
Introduction to Socrates in English
目录
• The Life of Socrates • Socrates' Philosophical Thought • The influence of Socrates • Socrates' Controversy and Criticism • Socrates' Legacy
Socrates maintained that true reality is knowledge, and that the only way to achieve true happiness and fulfillment is through the cultivation of Wisdom and the avoidance of ignorance
to its well being and specificity
02
The role of the philosopher
Socrates envisioned a role for philosophers in the polis, arguing
that they should participate in public affairs and seek to shape
The impact on modern logic and science
Socrates' teaching on reason and logical thinking has been highly influential in the development of modern logic and science
Introduction to Socrates in English
目录
• The Life of Socrates • Socrates' Philosophical Thought • The influence of Socrates • Socrates' Controversy and Criticism • Socrates' Legacy
苏格拉底演讲PPT
2020/6/11
❖ 事实上，自然万物真正的主宰和原因并不是物质性的本原 ，而是它的内在目的，亦即“善”。由于认识自然的本性 为我们的能力所不及，所以哲学的真正对象不是自然而是 人自己，即认识人自身中的善。他认为“好”或者“善” 是存在于事物之中的一种“神力”，这是万物所追求的目 的。在自然界特别是有机界中存在的和谐、均衡、完美等 等自然现象，都是由于事物追求好的或善的目的而形成的 。
2020/6/11
❖思考：苏格拉底有句名言，“我唯一知道的，就 是我不知道什么”。那作为社会道德教师，他是 怎样传授别人知识的？
2020/6/11
❖ 这个矛盾，他是这样解决的：这些知识并不是由他灌输给人的，而是 人们原来已经具有的；人们已在心上怀了“胎”，不过自己还不知道 ，苏格拉底像一个“助产婆”，帮助别人产生知识。苏格拉底的助产 术，集中表现在他经常采用的“诘问式”的形式中，以提问的方式揭 露对方提出的各种命题、学说中的矛盾，以动摇对方论证的基础，指 明对方的无知；在诘问中，苏格拉底自己并不给予正面的、积极的回 答，因为他承认自己无知 。这种方式一般被称为“苏格拉底的讽刺” 。
为追求真理而死的圣人:苏格拉底
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❖ 苏格拉底（公元前469—公 元前399），著名的古希腊 的思想家、哲学家，教育家 ，他和他的学生柏拉图，以 及柏拉图的学生亚里士多德 被并称为“古希腊三贤”， 更被后人广泛认为是西方哲 学的奠基者。
2020/6/11
一、生平简介
❖苏格拉底出生于希腊雅典一个普通公民的家庭。 其父是雕刻匠，母亲是助产妇。 苏格拉底生就有 着扁平的鼻子，肥厚的嘴唇，凸出的眼睛，笨拙 而矮小的身体。他容貌平凡，语言朴实，却具有 神圣的思想。
2020/6/11
❖ 青少年时代，苏格拉底曾跟父亲学过手艺，熟读荷马史诗及其他著名 诗人的作品，靠自学成了一名很有学问的人。他喜欢在市场、运动场 、街头等公众场合与各方面的人谈论各种各样的问题，如战争、政治 、友谊、艺术，伦理道德等等。他曾三次参战，当过重装步兵，不止 一次在战斗中救助受了伤的士兵。40岁左右，他成了雅典的远近闻名 的人物。苏格拉底一生过着艰苦的生活。无论严寒酷署，他都穿着一 件普通的单衣，经常不穿鞋，对吃饭也不讲究。但他似乎没有注意到 这些，只是专心致志地做学问。
❖ 事实上，自然万物真正的主宰和原因并不是物质性的本原 ，而是它的内在目的，亦即“善”。由于认识自然的本性 为我们的能力所不及，所以哲学的真正对象不是自然而是 人自己，即认识人自身中的善。他认为“好”或者“善” 是存在于事物之中的一种“神力”，这是万物所追求的目 的。在自然界特别是有机界中存在的和谐、均衡、完美等 等自然现象，都是由于事物追求好的或善的目的而形成的 。
2020/6/11
❖思考：苏格拉底有句名言，“我唯一知道的，就 是我不知道什么”。那作为社会道德教师，他是 怎样传授别人知识的？
2020/6/11
❖ 这个矛盾，他是这样解决的：这些知识并不是由他灌输给人的，而是 人们原来已经具有的；人们已在心上怀了“胎”，不过自己还不知道 ，苏格拉底像一个“助产婆”，帮助别人产生知识。苏格拉底的助产 术，集中表现在他经常采用的“诘问式”的形式中，以提问的方式揭 露对方提出的各种命题、学说中的矛盾，以动摇对方论证的基础，指 明对方的无知；在诘问中，苏格拉底自己并不给予正面的、积极的回 答，因为他承认自己无知 。这种方式一般被称为“苏格拉底的讽刺” 。
为追求真理而死的圣人:苏格拉底
$
❖ 苏格拉底（公元前469—公 元前399），著名的古希腊 的思想家、哲学家，教育家 ，他和他的学生柏拉图，以 及柏拉图的学生亚里士多德 被并称为“古希腊三贤”， 更被后人广泛认为是西方哲 学的奠基者。
2020/6/11
一、生平简介
❖苏格拉底出生于希腊雅典一个普通公民的家庭。 其父是雕刻匠，母亲是助产妇。 苏格拉底生就有 着扁平的鼻子，肥厚的嘴唇，凸出的眼睛，笨拙 而矮小的身体。他容貌平凡，语言朴实，却具有 神圣的思想。
2020/6/11
❖ 青少年时代，苏格拉底曾跟父亲学过手艺，熟读荷马史诗及其他著名 诗人的作品，靠自学成了一名很有学问的人。他喜欢在市场、运动场 、街头等公众场合与各方面的人谈论各种各样的问题，如战争、政治 、友谊、艺术，伦理道德等等。他曾三次参战，当过重装步兵，不止 一次在战斗中救助受了伤的士兵。40岁左右，他成了雅典的远近闻名 的人物。苏格拉底一生过着艰苦的生活。无论严寒酷署，他都穿着一 件普通的单衣，经常不穿鞋，对吃饭也不讲究。但他似乎没有注意到 这些，只是专心致志地做学问。
苏格拉底介绍英文版PPT课件
chance to escape, he chose to drink
Hibiscus juice to die, because he
believed that escaping would o. nly
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Thought
.
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Socratic method
• Perhaps his most important contribution to Western thought is his dialectic method of inquiry, known as the Socratic method or method of "elenchus", which he largely applied to the examination of key moral concepts such as the Good and Justice. It was first described by Plato in the Socratic Dialogues. To solve a problem, it would be broken down into a series of questions, the answers to which gradually distill the answer a person would seek. The development and practice of this method is one of Socrates's most endur. ing contributions, and is a 1k2 ey
Age
truth of life and live a moral life. He defines philosophy as “love of wisdom". One of his important points is that I know that I know
苏格拉底演讲PPT
•
他问道：作战时,潜入敌方军营,偷窃其作战图是非正
义行为吗 为防绝望中的朋友自杀,把他藏在枕头底下的刀
偷走,难道不应该吗 生病时儿子不肯吃药,父亲就骗他,把
药当饭给他吃,使儿子很快恢复了健康,这种欺骗行为又应
该放在哪一边呢
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• 这一连串的问题,使尤苏戴莫斯如堕五里雾中, • 苏格拉底在破除了对方的成见后,就正面进行诱导
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• 所谓苏格拉底方法,是指在与学生谈话的过程
中,并不直截了当地把学生所应知道的知识告诉他, 而是通过讨论问答甚至辩论方式来揭露对方认识 中的矛盾,逐步引导学生自己最后得出正确答案的 方法,
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• 2、苏格拉底方法为了有效地传授知识,以 达到道德教育的目的,苏格拉底提出了他著 名的教学法－－苏格拉底方法,
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——社1101王怀昱、王芳庆
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• 苏格拉底到处劝勉人们"把精力用在高尚和善良的事上",教育人们要"努力
成为有德行的人",美德即知识"是苏格拉底伦理学的最重要的命题,也可以说 是苏格拉底道德教育思想的核心,在他看来,人的行为之善恶,主要取决于他是 否具有有关的知识,人只有知道什么是善、什么是恶,才能趋善避恶,由此,苏 格拉底提出了"美德即知识"的命题,从"美德即知识"的观点出发,苏格拉底提 出了"德行可教"的主,这种主不仅否定了当时盛行于希腊的道德天赋的观念, 而且赋予道德以一种普遍的基础,由于强调知识与道德之间的内在联系,就肯 定了知识的传授与道德教育之间直接相关;同时,由于认识到道德的知识基础, 也就是为道德教育的进行找到了一条重要的途径,
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三、认识你自己
• 认识你自己本是希腊德尔斐神庙门楣上的铭言,苏 格拉底将其作为自己哲学原则的宣言,具有深刻的 背景和重要的意义,事实上,几千年前古希腊奥林 匹斯山上的德尔斐神殿里有一块石碑,上面写着认 识你自己,
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3
Philosophy
4
Well-known Quotes
◆ About knowledge One thing only I know, and that is that I know nothing.
◆ About teachers I cannot teach anybody anything, I can only make them think.
He believed he would be better off dead.
2
Reasons of choose death
◆ He believed such a flight would indicate a fear of death, which he believed no true philosopher has.
5
◆ About wisdom True wisdom comes to each of us when we realize how little we understand about life, ourselves, and the world around us.
◆ About life An unexamined life is not worth living.
Plato is dear to me , but dearer still is truth.
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The End
Thanks
10
ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้
Socrates（∑ωκρ τη ）
Biography
◆ Family Father: Sophroniscus(弗羅尼可斯) Mother: Phaenarete(费娜瑞忒) Wife: Xanthippe(粘西比) Sons:Lamprocles, Sophroniscus and
Menexenus. ◆ Trial and death
◆ About death The hour of departure has arrived and we go our ways; I to die, and you to live. Which is better? Only God knows.
6
◆ About death To fear death, my friends, is only to think
◆ Having knowingly agreed to live under the city's laws, he implicitly subjected himself to the possibility of being accused of crimes by its citizens and judged guilty by its jury. To do otherwise would have caused him to break his "social contract" with the state, and so harm the state, an unprincipled act.
7
Social Evaluation
◆ Devout reverence to gods ◆ Western Confucius ◆ Saints and martyrs
8
Related persons
◆ Plato(柏拉图） ◆ Xenophon(色诺芬） ◆ Aristotle（亚里士多德）
◆ If he fled Athens his teaching would fare no better in another country, as he would continue questioning all he met and undoubtedly incur their displeasure.
ourselves wise, without being wise: for it is to think that we know what we do not know. For anything that men can tell, death may be the greatest good that can happen to them: but they fear it as if they knew quite well that it was the greatest of evils. And what is this but that shameful ignorance of thinking that we know what we do not know?
Philosophy
4
Well-known Quotes
◆ About knowledge One thing only I know, and that is that I know nothing.
◆ About teachers I cannot teach anybody anything, I can only make them think.
He believed he would be better off dead.
2
Reasons of choose death
◆ He believed such a flight would indicate a fear of death, which he believed no true philosopher has.
5
◆ About wisdom True wisdom comes to each of us when we realize how little we understand about life, ourselves, and the world around us.
◆ About life An unexamined life is not worth living.
Plato is dear to me , but dearer still is truth.
9
The End
Thanks
10
ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้
Socrates（∑ωκρ τη ）
Biography
◆ Family Father: Sophroniscus(弗羅尼可斯) Mother: Phaenarete(费娜瑞忒) Wife: Xanthippe(粘西比) Sons:Lamprocles, Sophroniscus and
Menexenus. ◆ Trial and death
◆ About death The hour of departure has arrived and we go our ways; I to die, and you to live. Which is better? Only God knows.
6
◆ About death To fear death, my friends, is only to think
◆ Having knowingly agreed to live under the city's laws, he implicitly subjected himself to the possibility of being accused of crimes by its citizens and judged guilty by its jury. To do otherwise would have caused him to break his "social contract" with the state, and so harm the state, an unprincipled act.
7
Social Evaluation
◆ Devout reverence to gods ◆ Western Confucius ◆ Saints and martyrs
8
Related persons
◆ Plato(柏拉图） ◆ Xenophon(色诺芬） ◆ Aristotle（亚里士多德）
◆ If he fled Athens his teaching would fare no better in another country, as he would continue questioning all he met and undoubtedly incur their displeasure.
ourselves wise, without being wise: for it is to think that we know what we do not know. For anything that men can tell, death may be the greatest good that can happen to them: but they fear it as if they knew quite well that it was the greatest of evils. And what is this but that shameful ignorance of thinking that we know what we do not know?