专八听力预测试题五
专业英语八级(听力)模拟试卷12(题后含答案及解析)
专业英语八级（听力）模拟试卷12(题后含答案及解析) 题型有：1. LISTENING COMPREHENSIONPART I LISTENING COMPREHENSION (35 MIN)SECTION C NEWS BROADCASTDirections: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. At the end of each news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions.It’s documented:【N1】______ is a global problem. A new study shows that one in 10 adults, in countries throughout the world, suffers from diabetes. Researchers collected data on【N2】______ from nearly 350 million people in 200 countries over a 30-year period. Most of the participants had Type-2 diabetes, a disease linked to aging,【N3】______.1．【N1】正确答案：diabetes 涉及知识点：听力2．【N2】正确答案：blood sugar levels 涉及知识点：听力3．【N3】正确答案：obesity and inactivity 涉及知识点：听力The World Bank figures show sharp price increases in wheat, maize, sugar, and【N1】______ over the past six months, with prices almost reaching the【N2】______ of the year 2008 when there were food【N3】______ in a number of countries in the developing world. Wheat and maize are the【N4】______of many poorer people’s diets. But the poor suffer a double whammy because they also spend a【N5】______ of their income on food than those in richer countries.4．【N1】正确答案：edible oils 涉及知识点：听力5．【N2】正确答案：peaks 涉及知识点：听力6．【N3】正确答案：riots 涉及知识点：听力7．【N4】正确答案：basis 涉及知识点：听力8．【N5】正确答案：larger proportion 涉及知识点：听力Tens of thousands of people have demonstrated across Germany to demand a【N1】______to the use of【N2】______. Anti-nuclear activists organised【N3】______in 20 towns and cities, including the capital Berlin. The【N4】______ come a day before the centre-right coalition of Chancellor Angela Merkel is due to discuss the date when Germany’s nuclear reactors will finally be shut down.9．【N1】正确答案：speedy end 涉及知识点：听力10．【N2】正确答案：nuclear energy 涉及知识点：听力11．【N3】正确答案：rallies 涉及知识点：听力12．【N4】正确答案：demonstrations 涉及知识点：听力As a powerful【N1】______ approaches Japan, the operator of the crippled 【N2】______ at Fukushima has said it’s not fully prepared for heavy rain and strong winds. The defences around the plant’s nuclear reactors were【N3】______ by an earthquake and【N4】______ in March. Apologising for the lack of preparedness, an official for the operator Tepco said some of the reactor buildings remained uncovered.13．【N1】正确答案：typhoon 涉及知识点：听力14．【N2】正确答案：nuclear power plant 涉及知识点：听力15．【N3】正确答案：wrecked 涉及知识点：听力16．【N4】正确答案：tsunami 涉及知识点：听力The huge ice-storm earlier this week is still【N1】______ a million people from the mid-west to the Atlantic【N2】______. Many remained in extreme cold and without【N3】______, 42 people have died as a result of the cold and icy【N4】______.17．【N1】正确答案：affecting 涉及知识点：听力18．【N2】正确答案：coast 涉及知识点：听力19．【N3】正确答案：electricity 涉及知识点：听力20．【N4】正确答案：conditions 涉及知识点：听力In the Midwest,【N1】______ watches and warnings could extend from Missouri to Michigan. Water levels are rising rapidly in northern Indiana, which has 【N2】______ five inches of rain. Officials report roads washed out and water spilling over the tops of【N3】______.21．【N1】正确答案：flood 涉及知识点：听力22．【N2】正确答案：soaked up 涉及知识点：听力23．【N3】正确答案：dams 涉及知识点：听力。
英语专八考试试题及参考答案
英语专八考试试题及参考答案英语专八考试试题及参考答案试卷是接受考试者学习情况而设定的并规定在一定时间内必须完成的试题。
一般是有老师集体讨论决定出的试卷，下面店铺为大家收集有关英语专八考试试题及参考答案，供大家参考。
英语专八考试试题及参考答案篇1第一部分听力测试（共25分）一、听句子选择图片。
共5小题，计5分。
A B CD E F 1， 2， 3， 4， 5，二、听对话回答问题。
共10小题，计10分。
请听第一段对话，回答第6小题。
6，How does the man keep in touch with（保持联系）his old friends?A. By sending e-mailsB. By meeting each other.C. By talking on the Internet. 请听第二段对话，回答第7小题。
7，What’s the man going to do this weekend?A.Chat online.B. Buy a computer.C. T ake classes.请听第三段对话，回答第8小题。
8，When did the boy use to play soccer?A. In the morning.B.At noon.C.After school.请听第四段对话，回答第9和10小题。
9，What’s Tom’s problem?A. His parents fought last night.B. He fought with his father last night.C. He fought with his brother last night.10,What’s Linda’s advice for Tom?A.Talking with his teacher.B.Talking with his friend.C.Talking with his parents. 请听第五段对话，回答第11和12小题。
专业英语八级(听力)模拟试卷202(题后含答案及解析)
专业英语八级（听力）模拟试卷202(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. LISTENING COMPREHENSIONPART I LISTENING COMPREHENSIONSECTION A MINI-LECTUREIn this section you will hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the mini-lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening to the mini-lecture, please complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE and write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each gap. Make sure the word(s) you fill in is (are) both grammatically and semantically acceptable. You may use the blank sheet for note-taking.You have THIRTY seconds to preview the gap-filling task.听力原文：Five Virtues of StyleGood morning, everyone. Welcome back to our series on Classical Rhetoric. Today we’re continuing our five-part segment on the Five Canons of Rhetoric. So far we’ve covered the canons of invention and arrangement Today we’re discussing the canon of style, particularly on the five virtues of style.Let’s begin with the first virtue, correctness. Correctness means speaking or writing in accordance with the rules and norms of one’s language.[1]An effective communicator uses words correctly and follows the rules of grammar and syntax. Why?[2]First, correct usage ensures clear and precise communication.[3]And second, correctly using language establishes credibility with an audience because it indicates the speaker or writer is well-educated, understands the nuances of language, and pays attention to details. When someone catches language mistakes in a speech or piece of text, the thought often arises, “If the author can’t even follow the basic rules of grammar or even take the time and effort to review them, why should I trust what he has to say?” When you’re attempting to persuade others, try to avoid anything that would distract your audience from your argument. Don’t give them a reason to discredit you by being lazy with correct grammar and usage.[4]Coming up is the second virtue, clarity. It’s hard to be persuasive when people can’t even understand what you’re trying to say. Clear and simple writing ensures that your message never gets lost between you and your audience. Remember: smart writing is simple writing.Clear and simple writing is actually quite difficult to do. It requires you to think hard about your topic, get at its core, and then put that core in terms that your audience can understand. Here are a few tips on writing and speaking with greater clarity.Firstly, write or speak something an 8th grader can understand. If an 8th grader can understand your speech or article, then chances are an adult of average education can too. Practice this by taking complex legal/ethical issues or scientific theories and writing a short blurb that could be put in an 8th grade textbook.Secondly,[5]use strong verbs. Avoid is, are, was, were, be, being, been. So instead of saying “Diane was killed by Jim,” say “Jim killed Diane.” It’s shorter, clearer, and punchier. Whenever I edit my writing, I always do a ctrl+f for those verbs and see if I can replace them with stronger verbs. Although sometimes you can’t do so without the sentence soundingworse than before.Thirdly,[6]keep average sentence length to about 20 words. Sentence length is one of the biggest factors in determining how easy it is to understand what you’re saying or writing. Ideas can get lost in super long sentences. While you should avoid really long sentences as much as possible, you don’t want all your sentences to be just five words each either. That makes your writing and speaking sound choppy and rushed. Shoot for an average of about 20 words a sentence. And mix sentences of varying lengths together.The third virtue of style is evidence. We’re not using “evidence”in the sense of facts you provide to prove a logical argument. For classical rhetoricians, the quality of evidence was a way to[7]measure how well language reached the e-motions of an audience through vivid description. Remember that most people are persuaded more by emotion than by logic.[8]One of the best ways to elicit an emotional response from people is to appeal to their physical senses by using vivid descriptions. For example, let’s say you’re making the case to your state legislator that your state needs to devote more funds towards fighting childhood hunger.[9]Instead of starting your speech or letter by spouting off a bunch of dry facts, it would be more persuasive to tell a story of a specific child who’s a victim of hunger. In your story, describe the conditions this child is living in—the smells, the sights, the sounds. Describe the pangs of hunger that gnaw on his stomach every night while he lies crying softly, curled in ball on a urine-soaked mattress. Who wouldn’t want to help this kid? That’s the quality of evidence in action.[10]Now let’s turn to the fourth virtue of style, propriety.[11]Propriety is the quality of style concerned with selecting words that fit with the subject matter of your speech and ensuring they’re appropriate for your audience and for the occasion. Simply put, propriety means saying the right thing, at the right place, at the right time. A common rhetorical event where you see the quality of propriety flagrantly violated is the best man speech at a wedding. I can’t count how many of these speeches I’ve witnessed where the best man says some thing that makes everyone in the room cringe. You’d think it’d be common sense, but a wedding toast in front of a groom’s new wife and her family isn’t an appropriate place to talk about the groom’s past relationships or a night of drunken debauchery you had with him back in your college days. You might think it’s funny, but a wedding reception isn’t the place for that sort of humour. It’d be fine at a roast, but not a toast.The last one to be mentioned is ornateness.[12]Ornate-ness involves making your speech or text interesting to listen to or read by using figures of speech and[13]manipulating the sound and rhythm of words. Classical rhetoricians focused on incorporating different figures of speech to decorate their speeches. Here are a few that I particularly enjoy using.[14]The first one is Antanaclasis. It means repetition of a word in two different senses. For example: “If we don’t hang together, we’ll hang separately.”Benjamin Franklin said.The second one is simile. It is an explicit comparison, often employing “like” or “as.” John Steinbeck in his book The Grapes of Wrath wrote: “The full green hills are round and soft as breasts.”[15]Finally, metaphor. It means a comparison made by e-quating one thing with another, showing that two unlike things have something in common. Our most familiar example might be this sentence: “A mighty fortress is our God.”OK I have outlined the five virtues of style for you. Rememberthe correctness, clarity, evidence, propriety and ornateness of the style. When you write a speech or produce a text, remember to follow these five virtues.Five Virtues of StyleI. Correctness—Follow correct usage of words, grammar and【T1】_____ rules【T1】______—Reasonsa)Ensure【T2】_____ communication 【T2】______b)Make your speech or writing【T3】_____to an audience【T3】______II.【T4】_____【T4】______—Message will not get lost due to clear and simple writing —Tips on simple writinga)Write something an 8th grader can understandb)Use【T5】_____verbs【T5】______c)Keep average sentence length to about【T6】_____ words 【T6】______III. Evidence—Purpose: to measure how well language materializesthe 【T7】_____ appeal to an audience【T7】______—Using【T8】______【T8】______Example: to ask for more funds to fight childhood hunger Avoid【T9】_____ at the beginning【T9】______ Tell a story about a child victimized by hungerIV.【T10】_____【T10】______—Quality of style concerned witha)choice of 【T11】_____【T11】______b)audiencec)occasion—Example: best man speech at a weddingV. Ornateness—Make the text【T12】_____ by use of【T12】______a)figures of speech andb)manipulation of【T13】_____ and rhythm of words【T13】______—Speaker’s favourite choice:a)Antanaclasis: repetition of a word in【T14】_____【T14】______b)Simile: explicit comparisonc)【T15】_____: linking two unlike things 【T15】______1．【T1】正确答案：syntax解析：本题考查准确性需要遵循的规则。
专业英语八级(听力)模拟试卷300(题后含答案及解析)
专业英语八级（听力）模拟试卷300(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. LISTENING COMPREHENSIONPART I LISTENING COMPREHENSIONSECTION B INTERVIEWIn this section you will hear ONE interview. The interview will be divided into TWO parts. At the end of each part, five questions will be asked about what was said. Both the interview and the questions will be spoken ONCE ONLY. After each question there will be a ten-second pause. During the pause, you should read the four choices of [A] , [B] , [C] and [D] , and mark the best answer to each question on ANSWER SHEET TWO.You have THIRTY seconds to preview the questions.听力原文：W: Alexis Cruz may be young, but this up and coming actor has had a solid 20 years in show business. After attending the legendary “Fame” school, Alexis has landed one role after another in films starring actors such as Johnny Depp, Halle Berry, Vivica A Fox and Marlon Brando. I found Alexis to be not only enthusiastic about acting and enhancing his craft, but he is without a doubt, one of the kindest and warmest actors I’ve had the pleasure of interviewing. Hello, Alexis. How are you doing?M: Great Good to see you.W: When did you decide show business was the path you wanted to take?M: I started when I was 9 and it was something I had interest in and I was aware that I wanted to go further, I just didn’t know how. Even when I started at 9, when you’re that young, if you’ve got talent, you can read the lines and you’re cute, that’s enough. But, when I was about 13, I was auditioning for a role and I was up against Marc Anthony, the director sits me down and says, “You know, you’re not a very good actor, you’re a terrible actor, but I’m going to give you this part anyway.” It just stunned me! But some part of my brain clicked in that he was saying something to me and that I need to take acting classes. So I decided to listen to him and that same year I started training at the School for Performing Arts, the Fame school. It turned out to be the biggest turning point of my life. That’s where I learned to become an actor.W: You attended the infamous Fame school, what “extra something” did you have that scored a spot in the school?M: It wasn’t anything. When I was auditioning, their standards were really strict. I went through two days of the auditioning process with various exercises, tests and monologues to gauge your talent. There’s really no way to prepare for it.W: You have starred in films with some of the biggest names in the business. Which celebrity has given you the best advice through the years?M: I learned from Anthony Quinn about working my knowledge. I learned from him what it meant to learn my knowledge. Many, many, many years later, I learned from James Woods a combination of what I had learned... not to be a jerk.1. What do we learn from the beginning of the interview?2. According to Alexis Cruz, what is enough for a 9-year-old actor?3. According to the interview, what impels Alexis Cruz to take acting classes?4. What can the auditioning process of the Fameschool be summarized as?5. What can we learn from the interview?1．A．Alexis engaged in show business when he was 20.B．Alexis plays a leading role in every film he acts.C．Alexis is an easy-going and passionate actor.D．Alexis’s craft in acting needs to be improved.正确答案：C解析：由关键语句kindest and warmest，enthusiastic about acting and enhancing his craft可推知Alexis很随和，工作中是富有激情的，故C项为正确答案。
专八听力考试题及答案
专八听力考试题及答案1. 听下面一段对话，回答以下问题：(1) 男人为什么去图书馆？(2) 女人建议男人做什么？答案：(1) 男人去图书馆是为了借阅一本关于历史的书籍。
(2) 女人建议男人可以在网上查找相关信息。
2. 根据所听短文，完成下列句子：(1) The speaker mentioned that ________ is the most important aspect of a successful business.(2) According to the speaker, ________ can significantly impact the growth of a company.答案：(1) innovation is the most important aspect of a successful business.(2) employee satisfaction can significantly impact the growth of a company.3. 听下面一段新闻报道，回答以下问题：(1) What is the main topic of the news?(2) What measures are being taken to address the issue?答案：(1) The main topic of the news is the increasing pollution levels in major cities.(2) The government is implementing stricter emission standards for vehicles to address the issue.4. 根据所听讲座内容，回答以下问题：(1) What is the speaker's opinion on the role oftechnology in education?(2) What example does the speaker give to illustrate the point?答案：(1) The speaker believes that technology can greatly enhance the learning experience in education.(2) The speaker gives the example of using interactive software in classrooms to make lessons more engaging.5. 听下面一段对话，完成下列句子：(1) The woman is planning to ________ for her vacation.(2) The man suggests ________ as a possible destination.答案：(1) The woman is planning to go hiking for her vacation.(2) The man suggests visiting the national park as a possible destination.6. 根据所听短文，回答以下问题：(1) What is the main reason for the decline in the population of the species discussed?(2) What conservation efforts are mentioned in the article?答案：(1) The main reason for the decline in the population is habitat loss due to urban development.(2) The conservation efforts mentioned includeestablishing protected areas and raising public awareness.7. 听下面一段对话，回答以下问题：(1) Why is the woman upset?(2) What does the man offer to do?答案：(1) The woman is upset because she missed her flight.(2) The man offers to help her rebook another flight.8. 根据所听讲座内容，完成下列句子：(1) The speaker argues that ________ is crucial for maintaining a healthy lifestyle.(2) The speaker also mentions that ________ can lead to various health issues.答案：(1) The speaker argues that regular exercise is crucialfor maintaining a healthy lifestyle.(2) The speaker also mentions that a sedentary lifestyle can lead to various health issues.9. 听下面一段新闻报道，回答以下问题：(1) What is the main focus of the news report?(2) What is the current status of the situation?答案：(1) The main focus of the news report is the ongoing negotiations between two countries.(2) The current status of the situation is that both sides have agreed to continue talks next month.10. 根据所听对话，回答以下问题：(1) What is the man's opinion about the new restaurant?(2) What does the woman think about the food?答案：(1) The man's opinion about the new restaurant is that it is overpriced.(2) The woman thinks the food is delicious but not worth the high price.。
专八英语听力模拟题
专八英语听力模拟题1. Formost people who have sleeping troubles, which of the following is the mostusual cause?A. Their room is not cozy.B. Theyare busy and occupied.C. They have chronic disease.D. Theytake a nap after lunch.2. Whatis the advice Dr. Getsy gives those who struggle with insomnia due to thehealth condition?A. Lying in bed as long as possible.B.Taking some sleeping pills to relax.C. Staying awake as long as they can.D.Scheduling when to be away or asleep.3.People should stay away from caffeine after lunch becauseA. its effect may linger for almost 10hours.B. it disturbs the way people feel indaytime.C. it accelerates heartbeat and respiration.D. they may want to take a catnap.4. Whichof the following is TRUE about taking a nap?A. Napping for 2 hours is better than for 40minutes.B. It does not revive you if the nap laststoo long.C. You should never take a nap after lunch.D. The longer you sleep, the better you willfeel.5. Whichof the following is NOT one of Dr. Getsy's tips on fighting sleeping troubles?A. Create a comfortable sleepingenvironment.B. Prioritize sleep if you are haunted bysleeplessness.C. Climb into bed early and lie awake torelax.D. Show perseverance and prepare for a longbattle.6. Howmuch will Ford provide as pension funds to the employees of Jaguar and LandRover?A. $600m.B.$10bn.C. $2.5bn.D. $2,500.7. Whichof the following is TRUE of the people suffering from the accident?A. 15 evacuated, 2 seriously injured, 5missing.B. 15 evacuated, 2 moderately injured, 5missing.C. 50 evacuated, 2 moderately injured, nonemissing.D. 50 evacuated, 2 seriously injured, nonemissing.8.Rescuers have been denied access into the building for the following reasonsEXCEPTA. the possibility of the buildingcollapsing.B. the likely explosion from the gas tank.C. the possible subsequent rockslides.D. the noise and trembling at the moment.9. Whendid the space shuttle Endeavour land Wednesday night?A. An hour before sunset.B. Anhour after sunset.C. An hour before sunrise.D. An hour after sunrise.10. Whatis the main idea of the news item?A. The space shuttle would be under closeinspection.B. One of the crew members failed to headhome.C. Unexpected weather delayed the landingof Endeavor.D. The space shuttle made a smooth landing.。
2009-2010年专八(TEM8)真题、答案及听力原文(整理打印版)
TEST FOR ENGLISH MAJORS (2010)-GRADE EIGHT-TIME LIMIT: 195 MIN PART I LISTENING COMPREHENSION (35 MIN)SECTION A MINI-LECTUREIn this section you will hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY While listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lecture. When the lecture is over, you will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE. Use the blank sheet for note-taking.Paralinguistic Features of LanguageIn face to face communication speakers often alter their tones of voices or change their physical posture in order to convey messages. These means are called paralinguistic features of language, which fall into two categories.First category: vocal paralinguistic features(1)_____: to express attitude or intention examples (1)_______1. whispering: need for secrecy2. breathiness: deep emotion3. (2)_______: unimportance (2)_______4. nasality: anxiety5. extra lip-rounding: greater intimacySecond category: physical paralinguistic featuresA. facial expressions(3)____________ (3)_______— smiling: signal of pleasure or welcome less common expressions— eyebrow raising: surprise or interest— lip biting: (4)_________________ (4)_______ B. gestureGestures are related to culture.British culture— shrugging shoulders: (5)_______ (5)_______ — scratching head: puzzlement other cultures— placing hand upon heart: (6)_______ (6)_______ — pointing at nose: secretC. proximity, posture and echoing1. proximity: physical distance between speakers— closeness: intimacy or threat—(7)_______: formality or absence of interest (7)_______ Proximity is person-, culture- and (8)_______ -specific. (8)_______2. posture— hunched shoulders or a hanging head: to indicate (9)_______ (9)_______ — direct level eye contact: to express an open or challenging attitude3. echoing— definition: imitation of similar posture—(1)_______: aid in communication (10)_______ SECTION B INTERVIEWIn this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Mark the correct answer to each question on your coloured answer sheet.Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the interview you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following five questions. Now listen to the interview.1. According to Dr. Johnson, diversity means _______.A. merging of different cultural identitiesB. more emphasis on homogeneityC. embracing of more ethnic differencesD. acceptance of more branches of Christianity2. According to the interview, which of the following statements is CORRECT?A. Some places are more diverse than others.B. Towns are less diverse than large cities.C. Diversity can be seen everywhere.D. America is a truly diverse country.3. According to Dr. Johnson, which place will witness a radical change in its racial makeup by 2025?A. Maine.B. Selinsgrove.C. Philadelphia.D. California.4. During the interview Dr. Johnson indicates that _______.A. greater racial diversity exists among younger populationsB. both older and younger populations are racially diverseC. age diversity could lead to pension problemsD. older populations are more racially diverse5. According to the interview, religious diversity _______.A. was most evident between 1990 and 2000B. exists among Muslim immigrantsC. is restricted to certain places in the USD. is spreading to more parts of the countrySECTION C NEWS BROADCASTIn this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Mark the correct answer to each question on your coloured answer sheet.Questions 6 is based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions.Now listen to the news.6. What is the main idea of the news item?A. Sony developed a computer chip for cell phones.B. Japan will market its wallet phone abroad.C. The wallet phone is one of the wireless innovations.D. Reader devices are available at stores and stations.Questions 7 and 8 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions.Now listen to the news.7. Which of the following is mentioned as the government's measure to control inflation?A. Foreign investment.B. Donor support.C. Price control.D. Bank prediction.8. According to Kingdom Bank, what is the current inflation rate in Zimbabwe?A. 20 million percent.B. 2.2 million percent.C. 11.2 million percent.D. Over 11.2 million percent.Question 9 and 10 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the question. Now listen to the news.9. Which of the following is CORRECT?A. A big fire erupted on the Nile River.B. Helicopters were used to evacuate people.C. Five people were taken to hospital for burns.D. A big fire took place on two floors.10. The likely cause of the big fire is _______ .A. electrical short-circuitB. lack of fire-safety measuresC. terrorismD. not knownPART II READING COMPREHENSION (30 MIN)In this section there are four reading passages followed by a total of 20 multiple-choice questions.Read the passages and then mark your answers on your coloured answer sheet.TEXT AWe had been wanting to expand our children's horizons by taking them to a place that was unlike anything we'd been exposed to during our travels in Europe and the United States. In thinking about what was possible from Geneva, where we are based, we decided on a trip to Istanbul, a two-hour plane ride from Zurich.Among the great cities of the world, Kolkata (formerly spelt as Calcutta), the capital of India's West Bengal, and the home of nearly 15 million people, is often mentioned as the only one that still has a large fleet of hand-pulled rickshaws.Rickshaws are not there to haul around tourists. It's the people in the lanes who most regularly use rickshaws — not the poor but people who are just a notch above the poor. They are people who tend to travel short distances, through lanes that are sometimes inaccessible to even the most daring taxi driver. An older woman with marketing to do, for instance, can arrive in a rickshaw, have the rickshaw puller wait until she comes back from various stalls to load her purchases, and then be taken home. People in the lanes use rickshaws as a 24-hour ambulance service. Proprietors of cafes or corner stores send rickshaws to collect their supplies. The rickshaw pullers told me their steadiest customers are school children. Middle-class families contract with a puller to take a child to school and pick him up; the puller essentially becomes a family retainer.From June to September Kolkata can get torrential rains. During my stay it once rained for about 48 hours. Entire neighborhoods couldn't be reached by motorized vehicles, and the newspapers showed pictures of rickshaws being pulled through water that was up to the pullers' waists. When it's raining, the normal customer base for rickshaw pullers expands greatly, as does the price of a journey. A writer in Kolkata told me, "When it rains, even the governor takes rickshaws."While I was in Kolkata, a magazine called India Today published its annual ranking of Indian states, according to such measurements as prosperity and infrastructure. Among India's 20 largest states, Bihar finished dead last, as it has for four of the past five years. Bihar, a few hundred miles north of Kolkata, is where the vast majority of rickshaw pullers come from. Once in Kolkata, they sleep on the street or in their rickshaws or in a dera — a combination of garage and repair shop and dormitory managed by someone called a sardar. For sleeping privileges in a dera, pullers pay 100 rupees (about $2.50) a month, which sounds like a pretty good deal until you've visited a dera. They gross between 100 and 150 rupees a day, out of which they have to pay 20 rupees for the use of the rickshaw and an occasional 75 or more for a payoff if a policeman stops them for, say, crossing a street where rickshaws are prohibited. A 2003 study found that rickshaw pullers are near the bottom of Kolkata occupations in income, doing better than only the beggars. For someone without land or education, that still beats trying to make a living in Bihar.There are people in Kolkata, particularly educated and politically aware people, who will not ride in a rickshaw, because they are offended by the idea of being pulled by another human being or because they consider it not the sort of thing people of their station do or because they regard the hand-pulled rickshaw as a relic of colonialism. Ironically, some of those people are not enthusiastic about banning rickshaws. The editor of the editorial pages of Kolkata's Telegraph —Rudrangshu Mukherjee, a former academic who still writes history books — told me, for instance, that he sees humanitarian considerations as coming down on the side of keeping hand-pulled rickshaws on the road. "I refuse to be carried by another human being myself," he said, "but I question whether we have the right to take away their livelihood." Rickshaw supporters point out that when it comes to demeaning occupations, rickshaw pullers are hardly unique in Kolkata.When I asked one rickshaw puller if he thought the government's plan to rid the city of rickshaws was based on a genuineinterest in his welfare, he smiled, with a quick shake of his head — a gesture I interpreted to mean, "If you are so na?ve as to ask such a question, I will answer it, but it is not worth wasting words on." Some rickshaw pullers I met were resigned to the imminent end of their livelihood and pinned their hopes on being offered something in its place. As migrant workers, they don't have the political clout enjoyed by, say, Kolkata's sidewalk hawkers, who, after supposedly being scaled back at the beginning of the modernization drive, still clog the sidewalks, selling absolutely everything —or, as I found during the 48 hours of rain, absolutely everything but umbrellas. "The government was the government of the poor people," one sardar told me. "Now they shake hands with the capitalists and try to get rid of poor people."But others in Kolkata believe that rickshaws will simply be confined more strictly to certain neighborhoods, out of the view of World Bank traffic consultants and California investment delegations —or that they will be allowed to die out naturally as they're supplanted by more modern conveyances. Buddhadeb Bhattacharjee, after all, is not the first high West Bengal official to say that rickshaws would be off the streets of Kolkata in a matter of months. Similar statements have been made as far back as 1976. The ban decreed by Bhattacharjee has been delayed by a court case and by a widely held belief that some retraining or social security settlement ought to be offered to rickshaw drivers. It may also have been delayed by a quiet reluctance to give up something that has been part of the fabric of the city for more than a century. Kolkata, a resident told me, "has difficulty letting go." One day a city official handed me a report from the municipal government laying out options for how rickshaw pullers might be rehabilitated."Which option has been chosen?" I asked, noting that the report was dated almost exactly a year before my visit."That hasn't been decided," he said."When will it be decided?""That hasn't been decided," he said.11. According to the passage, rickshaws are used in Kolkata mainly for the following purposes EXCEPT _______.A. taking foreign tourists around the city.B. providing transport to school children.C. carrying store supplies and purchases.D. carrying people over short distances.12. Which of the following statements best describes the rickshaw pullers from Bihar?A. They come from a relatively poor area.B. They are provided with decent accommodation.C. Their living standards are very low in Kolkata.D. They are often caught by policemen in the streets.13. That "For someone without land or education, that still beats trying to make a living in Bihar" (4th paragraph) means that even so, _______.A. the poor prefer to work and live in Bihar.B. the poor from Bihar fare better than back home.C. the poor never try to make a living in Bihar.D. the poor never seem to resent their life in Kolkata.14. We can infer from the passage that some educated and politically aware people _______.A. hold mixed feelings towards rickshaws.B. strongly support the ban on rickshaws.C. call for humanitarian actions for rickshaw pullers.D. keep quiet on the issue of banning rickshaws.15. Which of the following statements conveys the author's sense of humour?A. "...— not the poor but people who are just a notch above the poor." (2nd paragraph)B. "..., whic h sounds like a pretty good deal until you’ve visited a dera." (4th paragraph)C. Kolkata, a resident told me, "has difficulty letting go." (7th paragraph)D. "...or, as I found during the 48 hours of rain, absolutely everything but umbrellas." (6th paragraph)16. The dialogue between the author and the city official at the end of the passage seems to suggest _______.A. the uncertainty of the court's decision.B. the inefficiency of the municipal government.C. the difficulty of finding a good solution.D. the slowness in processing options.TEXT BDepending on whom you believe, the average American will, over a lifetime, wait in lines for two years (says National Public Radio) or five years (according to some customer-loyalty experts).The crucial word is average, as wealthy Americans routinely avoid lines altogether. Once the most democratic of institutions, lines are rapidly becoming the exclusive province of suckers (people who still believe in and practice waiting in lines). Poor suckers, mostly.Airports resemble France before the Revolution: first-class passengers enjoy "élite" security lines and priority boarding, and disembark before the unwashed in coach, held at bay by a flight attendant, are allowed to foul the Jet-way.At amusement parks, too, you can now buy your way out of line. This summer I haplessly watched kids use a $52 Gold Flash Pass to jump the lines at Six Flags New England, and similar systems are in use in most major American theme parks, from Universal Orlando to Walt Disney World, where the haves get to watch the have-mores breeze past on their way to their seats.Flash Pass teaches children a valuable lesson in real-world economics: that the rich are more important than you, especially when it comes to waiting. An NBA player once said to me, with a bemused chuckle of disbelief, that when playing in Canada —get this — "We have to wait in the same customs line as everybody else."Almost every line can be breached for a price. In several U.S. cities this summer, early arrivers among the early adopters waiting to buy iPhones offered to sell their spots in the lines. On Craigslist, prospective iPhone purchasers offered to pay "waiters" or "placeholders" to wait in line for them outside Apple stores.Inevitably, some semi-populist politicians have seen the value of sort-of waiting in lines with the ordinary people. This summer Philadelphia mayor John Street waited outside an AT&T store from 3:30 a.m. to 11:30 a.m. before a stand-in from his office literally stood in for the mayor while he conducted official business. And billionaire New York mayor Michael Bloomberg often waits for the subway with his fellow citizens, though he's first driven by motorcade past the stop nearest his house to astation 22 blocks away, where the wait, or at least the ride, is shorter.As early as elementary school, we're told that jumping the line is an unethical act, which is why so many U.S. lawmakers have framed the immigration debate as a kind of fundamental sin of the school lunch line. Alabama Senator Richard Shelby, to cite just one legislator, said amnesty would allow illegal immigrants "to cut in line ahead of millions of people."Nothing annoys a national lawmaker more than a person who will not wait in line, unless that line is in front of an elevator at the U.S. Capitol, where Senators and Representatives use private elevators, lest they have to queue with their constituents.But compromising the integrity of the line is not just antidemocratic, it's out-of-date. There was something about the orderly boarding of Noah's Ark, two by two, that seemed to restore not just civilization but civility during the Great Flood.How civil was your last flight? Southwest Airlines has first-come, first-served festival seating. But for $5 per flight, an unaffiliated company called will secure you a coveted "A" boarding pass when that airline opens for online check-in 24 hours before departure. Thus, the savvy traveler doesn't even wait in line when he or she is online.Some cultures are not renowned for lining up. Then again, some cultures are too adept at lining up: a citizen of the former Soviet Union would join a queue just so he could get to the head of that queue and see what everyone was queuing for.And then there is the U.S., where society seems to be cleaving into two groups: Very Important Persons, who don't wait, and Very Impatient Persons, who do — unhappily.For those of us in the latter group — consigned to coach, bereft of Flash Pass, too poor or proper to pay a placeholder — what do we do? We do what Vladimir and Estragon did in Waiting for Godot: "We wait. We are bored."17. What does the following sentence mean? "Once the most democratic of institutions, lines are rapidly becoming the exclusive province of suckers ... Poor suckers, mostly." (2nd paragraph)A. Lines are symbolic of America's democracy.B. Lines still give Americans equal opportunities.C. Lines are now for ordinary Americans only.D. Lines are for people with democratic spirit only.18. Which of the following is NOT cited as an example of breaching the line?A. Going through the customs at a Canadian airport.B. Using Gold Flash Passes in amusement parks.C. First-class passenger status at airports.D. Purchase of a place in a line from a placeholder.19. We can infer from the passage that politicians (including mayors and Congressmen) _______.A. prefer to stand in lines with ordinary people.B. advocate the value of waiting in lines.C. believe in and practice waiting in lines.D. exploit waiting in lines for their own good.20. What is the tone of the passage?A. Instructive.B. Humorous.C. Serious.D. Teasing.TEXT CA bus took him to the West End, where, among the crazy coloured fountains of illumination, shattering the blue dusk with green and crimson fire, he found the café of his choice, a tea-shop that had gone mad and turned Babylonian, a white palace with ten thousand lights. It towered above the older buildings like a citadel, which indeed it was, the outpost of a new age, perhaps a new civilization, perhaps a new barbarism; and behind the thin marble front were concrete and steel, just as behind the careless profusion of luxury were millions of pence, balanced to the last halfpenny. Somewhere in the background, hidden away, behind the ten thousand lights and acres of white napery and bewildering glittering rows of teapots, behind the thousand waitresses and cash-box girls and black-coated floor managers and temperamental long-haired violinists, behind the mounds of cauldrons of stewed steak, the vanloads of ices, were a few men who went to work juggling with fractions of a farthing, who knew how many units of electricity it took to finish a steak-and-kidney pudding and how many minutes and seconds a waitress (five feet four in height and in average health) would need to carry a tray of given weight from the kitchen lift to the table in the far corner. In short, there was a warm, sensuous, vulgar life flowering in the upper storeys, and a cold science working in the basement. Such was the gigantic tea-shop into which Turgis marched, in search not of mere refreshment but of all the enchantment of unfamiliar luxury. Perhaps he knew in his heart that men have conquered half the known world, looted whole kingdoms, and never arrived in such luxury. The place was built for him.It was built for a great many other people too, and, as usual, they were all there. It steamed with humanity. The marble entrance hall, piled dizzily with bonbons and cakes, was as crowded and bustling as a railway station. The gloom and grime of the streets, the raw air, all November, were at once left behind, forgotten: the atmosphere inside was golden, tropical, belonging to some high mid-summer of confectionery. Disdaining the lifts, Turgis, once more excited by the sight, sound, and smell of it all, climbed the wide staircase until he reached his favourite floor, where an orchestra led by a young Jewish violinist with wandering lustrous eyes and a passion for tremolo effects, acted as a magnet to a thousand girls. The door was swung open for him by a page; there burst, like a sugary bomb, the clatter of cups, the shrill chatter of white-and-vermilion girls, and, cleaving the golden, scented air, the sensuous clamour of the strings; and, as he stood hesitating a moment, half dazed, there came, bowing, a sleek grave man, older than he was and far more distinguished than he could ever hope to be, who murmured deferentially: "For one, sir? This way, please." Shyly, yet proudly, Turgis followed him.21. That "behind the thin marble front were concrete and steel" suggests that _______.A. modern realistic commercialism existed behind the luxurious appearance.B. there was a fundamental falseness in the style and the appeal of the café.C. the architect had made a sensible blend of old and new building materials.D. the cafe was based on physical foundations and real economic strength.22. The following words or phrases are somewhat critical of the tea-shop EXCEPT _______.A. "... turned Babylonian".B. "perhaps a new barbarism".C. "acres of white napery".D. "balanced to the last halfpenny".23. In its context the statement that "the place was built for him" means that the café was intended to _______.A. please simple people in a simple way.B. exploit gullible people like him.C. satisfy a demand that already existed.D. provide relaxation for tired young men.24. Which of the following statements about the second paragraph is NOT true?A. The café appealed to most senses simultaneously.B. The café was both full of people and full of warmth.C. The inside of the café was contrasted with the weather outside.D. It stressed the commercial determination of the café owners.25. The following are comparisons made by the author in the second paragraph EXCEPT that _______.A. the entrance hall is compared to a railway station.B. the orchestra is compared to a magnet.C. Turgis welcomed the lift like a conquering soldier.D. the interior of the café is compared to warm countries.26. The author's attitude to the café is _______.A. fundamentally critical.B. slightly admiring.C. quite undecided.D. completely neutral.TEXT DNow elsewhere in the world, Iceland may be spoken of, somewhat breathlessly, as Western Europe's last pristine wilderness. But the environmental awareness that is sweeping the world had bypassed the majority of Icelanders. Certainly they were connected to their land, the way one is complicatedly connected to, or encumbered by, family one can't do anything about. But the truth is, once you're off the beaten paths of the low-lying coastal areas where everyone lives, the roads are few, and they're all bad, so Iceland's natural wonders have been out of reach and unknown even to its own inhabitants. For them the land has always just been there, something that had to be dealt with and, if possible, exploited — the mind-set being one of land as commodity rather than land as, well, priceless art on the scale of the "Mona Lisa."When the opportunity arose in 2003 for the national power company to enter into a 40-year contract with the American aluminum company Alcoa to supply hydroelectric power for a new smelter (冶炼厂), those who had been dreaming of something like this for decades jumped at it and never looked back. Iceland may at the moment be one of the world's richest countries, with a 99 percent literacy rate and long life expectancy. But the project's advocates, some of them getting on in years, were more emotionally attuned to the country's century upon century of want, hardship, and colonial servitude to Denmark, which officially ended only in 1944 and whose psychological imprint remained relatively fresh. For the longest time, life here had meant little more than a hut, dark all winter, cold, no hope, children dying left and right, earthquakes, plagues, starvation, volcanoes erupting and destroying all vegetation and livestock, all spirit — a world revolving almost entirely around the welfare of one's sheep and, later, on how good the cod catch was. In the outlying regions, it still largely does.Ostensibly, the Alcoa project was intended to save one of these dying regions — the remote and sparsely populated east —where the way of life had steadily declined to a point of desperation and gloom. After fishing quotas were imposed in the early 1980s to protect fish stocks, many individual boat owners sold their allotments or gave them away, fishing rights ended up mostly in the hands of a few companies and small fishermen were virtually wiped out. Technological advances drained away even more jobs previously done by human hands, and the people were seeing everything they had worked for all their lives turn up worthless and their children move away. With the old way of life doomed, aluminum projects like this one had come to be perceived, wisely or not, as a last chance. "Smelter or death."The contract with Alcoa would infuse the region with foreign capital, an estimated 400 jobs, and spin-off service industries. It also was a way for Iceland to develop expertise that potentially could be sold to the rest of the world; diversify an economy historically dependent on fish; and, in an appealing display of Icelandic can-do verve, perhaps even protect all of Iceland, once and for all, from the unpredictability of life itself."We have to live," Halldor Asgrimsson said. Halldor, a former prime minister and longtime member of parliament from the region, was a driving force behind the project. "We have a right to live."27. According to the passage, most Icelanders view land as something of _______.A. environmental value.B. commercial value.C. potential value for tourism.D. great value for livelihood.28. What is Iceland’s old-aged advocates' feeling towards the Alcoa project?A. Iceland is wealthy enough to reject the project.B. The project would lower life expectancy.C. The project would cause environmental problems.D. The project symbolizes an end to the colonial legacies.29. The disappearance of the old way of life was due to all the following EXCEPT _______.A. fewer fishing companies.B. fewer jobs available.C. migration of young people.D. imposition of fishing quotas.30. The 4th paragraph in the passage ________.A. sums up the main points of the passage.B. starts to discuss an entirely new point.C. elaborates on the last part of the 3rd paragraph.D. continues to depict the bleak economic situation.PART ⅢGENERAL KNOWLEDGE（10 MIN）There are ten multiple-choice questions in this section. Choose the best answers to each question. Mark your answers on your colored answer sheet.31. Which of the following statements is INCORRECT?A. The British constitution includes the Magna Carta of 1215.B. The British constitution includes Parliamentary acts.C. The British constitution includes decisions made by courts of law.D. The British constitution includes one single written constitution.32. The first city ever founded in Canada is _______.。
英语专八听力真题及答案
英语专八听力真题及答案Part I Reading Comprehension (2x20 points) Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or incomplete statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice and then mark the corresponding letter on the ANSWER SHEET.Passage 1People and the sources of air pollution are found in the same places. This means that cities with large population have the biggest problem of dirty air. Air pollution is caused by many different things. A major source of air pollution is the gas fumes from cars. Statistics show that 93 percent of all auto trips are within cities. Another major source of dirty air is the burning of coal and oil for energy. This energy is needed to make electricity. Of course, much moreelectricity is used in the city than in the country.On the average, we throw away more trash and garbage than the year before. The burning of garbage contributes to air pollution. Many major industries are also responsible for the dirty air in the around cities. The fumes from iron, steel, chemical, and petroleum(石油) production add particles to the air.The effects of air pollution range from mild headaches to death. The levels of pollution found in heavy for traffic may cause headaches for loss of clear vision. Wherever coal and oil are used for fuel, fumes may kill trees and plants and cause metal to corrode. In some of the larger cities, these fumes endanger the live of human beings by contributing to lung diseases and causing early death.1. From the passage, we know that_____. [单选题] *A. air pollution is caused by electricityB. the cause of air pollution is not peopleC. air pollution is caused by many different sources(正确答案)D. headaches and death are not related to air pollution2. What is stated in the passage? [单选题] *A. How cars produce fumesB. Why so many people to live in citiesC. What the causes and effects of air pollution are(正确答案)D. How people in cities feel about polluted air3. Which of the following is NOT the cause of air pollution? [单选题] *A. Trucks.B. Headaches.(正确答案)C. Burning garbage.D. Burning coal and oil.4. What are the major sources of air pollution in cities? [单选题] *A. Trash and garbageB. Major industriesC. Cars and populationD. Cars fumes and the burning for energy(正确答案)5. Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage? [单选题] *A. Heart diseases(正确答案)B. Lung diseasesC. Loss of clear sightD. Serious headachePassage 2Everyone has got two personalities---the one that is shown to the world and the other that is secret and real. You don’t show your secret personality when you are awake because you can control your behavior, but when you are asleep, your sleeping position shows the real you. In a normal night, of course, people frequently change their positions. The important position is the one that you go to sleep in.If you go to sleep on your back, you’re a very open person. You normally trust people and you are easily influenced by fashion or new ideas. You don’t like to displease people. So you never express your real feelings. You’re quite shy and you aren’t quite sure of yourself.If you sleep on your stomach, you are a rather secretive person. You worry a lot and you’re always easily upset. You always stick to your own opinions or judgment, but you don’t raise your hope too much. You usually live for today not tomorrow. This means that you enjoy having a good time.If you sleep curled up, you are probably a verynervous person. You have a low opinion of yourself and so you’re often defensive. You’re shy and you don’t normally like meeting people. You prefer to on your own. You’re easily hurt.If you sleep on your side, you have usually got a well---balanced personality. You know your strengths and weakness. You’re usually careful. You believe in yourself. You sometimes feel anxious, but you don’t often get sad. You always say what you think even if it annoys people.6. According to the writer, you naturally show your secret and real personality _______. [单选题] *A. in a normal nightB. when you are asleep(正确答案)C. when you are daydreamingD. when you refuse to show yourself7. What can be said about one’s personality according to the passage? [单选题] *A. Everyone has one personality.B. Everyone has two personalities.(正确答案)C. One’s personality is unchangeable.D. One’s personality is popular.8. What kind of personality do they have if they sleep on their stomach? [单选题] *A. They are open with others.B. They like new ideas earlier than others.C. They are secretive and easily upset.(正确答案)D. They live only for tomorrow.9. The writer tends to think highly of the people who sleep on their side because________ . [单选题] *A. they are strongerB. they are careful and confident(正确答案)C. they often like annoying peopleD. the always show sympathy for people10. What is the best title of the passage? [单选题] *A. Sleeping Position and Personality(正确答案)B. Feelings and PersonalityC. Types of PersonalitiesD. Types of Sleeping PositionsPassage 3Steve and Yaser first met in their chemistry class at an American university. Yaser was an international student from Jordon. He wanted to learn more about American culture. Yaser hoped that he and Steve wouldbecome good friends.At first, Steve seemed very friendly. He always greeted Yaser warmly before class. Sometimes he offered to study with Yaser. He even invited Yaser to eat lunch with him. But after the semester was over. Steve seemed more distant. The two former classmates didn’t see each other very much at school. One day Yaser was hurt by Steve’s change of attitude; he thought they were friends forever.Yaser is a little confused. He is an outsider to American culture. He doesn’t understand the way Americans view friendship. Americans use the word “friend” in a very general way. They may call both casual acquaintances (相识的人) and close companions (伴侣) “friends” . Americans have school friends, work friends, sports friends and neighborhood friends. These friendships are based on common interests. When the shared activity ends, the friendship may fade.In some cultures friendship means a strong life-long bond (关系) between two people. In these culturesfriendships develop slowly, since they are built to last. American society is one of rapid change. Studies show that one out of five American families moves frequently. American develop friendships quickly, and they may change just as quickly.People from the United States may at first seem friendly. American often chat easily with strangers. They may smile warmly and say, “Have a nice day” or “see you later” . Schoolmates may say, “let’s get together sometime” . But American friendliness is not always an offer of true friendship.11. Where did Steve and Yaser first meet? [单选题] *A. In their history classB. In their English classC. In their chemistry class(正确答案)D. In their Chinese class12. What is the style ofAmerican friendship? [单选题] *A. Americans value strong life-long friendships.B. American friendship is not a life-long one.(正确答案)C. Americans develop friendship slowly.D. Americans do not make friends with strange people.13. The word “fade” (Para. 3) probably means “_____”. [单选题] *A. disappear gradually(正确答案)B. increase sharplyC. become closeD. last forever14. In the eyes ofAmericans, Steve and Yaser are_____. [单选题] *A. neighborhood friendsB. classmates foreverC. sports friendsD. school friends(正确答案)15. “Let’s get together sometime” (Para. 5) is a way to_____. [单选题] *A. be just friendly(正确答案)B. learn from each otherC. care about each otherD. be unfriendlyPassage 4Newspapers, along with reporting the news, instruct, entertain, and give opinions. An important way for reading a large, big city newspaper is knowing how to take it apart. Can you find these separate sections: world news, national and local news, sports, business,entertainment, opinions, classified ads? Does your paper have other sections?News stories give facts, not the author’s opinions. Editorials do the opposite; you can expect an editorial to take sides. Some newspaper editorials have a by-line with the author’s name, but many newspapers have unsigned editorials. These reflect the opinions of the publisher or editor.You can be a better reader if you know what to expect in a newspaper. For example, you can expect headlines to omit unnecessary words. You can expect to find the most important facts in the lead paragraph (the first paragraph) of a news story. You can expect important news items to be on the front page. You can expect less important items to be on the inside pages.Most of all, the more you know about current news, the more you will understand what is in the newspaper; important stories are generally presented one day and followed up on following days. So, an important way for reading newspapers is reading one frequently.16. When reading a large newspaper, one should _____. [单选题] *A. read it from cover to coverB. do some paper cuttingC. find separate sections(正确答案)D. predict what is inside the newspaper17. Which of the following statements about news stories is TURE? [单选题] *A. News stories tell the facts without any comments.(正确答案)B. News stories contain both facts and opinions.C. News stories reflect the opinions of the publisher and editor.D. News stories express the writers’ opinions.18. If you expect the most important facts of a news story, you can go to _____. [单选题] *A. the first paragraph(正确答案)B. news items on each pageC. the author’s opinions on the front pagesD. the headlines on the inside pages19. The best way to read newspapers is to read _____. [单选题] *A. extensively and thoroughlyB. occasionally and carefullyC. frequently and with certain skills(正确答案)D. in details every day20. The main idea of this passage is _____. [单选题] *A. how to read newspapers(正确答案)B. how to read stories and editorialsC. how to find important news storiesD. how to find the author’s opinionsPart II Cloze (1x20 points)Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passages. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide in the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet.Last Friday, after doing all the family shopping in the town, I wanted to have a rest before catching the rain. I ___21___ a newspaper and some chocolate and went ___22___ the station coffee shop. ___23___ was a cheap self-service place with long tables to sit at. I put my heavy bag ___24___ on the floor, put the newspaper and the chocolate on the table and then went to___25___ a cup of coffee.When I came back with the coffee, there was___26___ sitting in the next seat. It was a boy, with darkglasses and old clothes. He had started to ___27___ my chocolate!Naturally, I was rather uneasy (不爽) about him, but I didn’t want to have any ___28___. I just read the newspaper, ___29___ my coffee and took a ___30___ of chocolate. The boy looked at me in ___31___. Then he took a second piece of my chocolate. I could ___32___ believe it. Still I didn’t say ___33___ to him. When he took a third piece, I felt more angry than uneasy. I___34___, “Well, I shall have the last piece.” And I got it.The boy gave me a strange look, then ___35___ up. As he left, he shouted out, “There’s something ___36___ with that woman!” Everyone looked at me, ___37___ I didn’t want to quarrel ___38___ the boy, so I kept quiet.I did not realize that I had ___39___ a mistake until I finished my coffee and was ready to leave. My face turned red ___40___ I saw my unopened chocolate under the newspaper. The chocolate that I had been eating was the boy’s!21. A. stole B. bought C. sold D. wrote [单选题] * AB(正确答案)CD22. A. into B. near C. beside D. back [单选题] *A(正确答案)BCD23. A. It B. What C. Which D. Each [单选题] *A(正确答案)BCD24. A. below B. up C. down D. towards [单选题] * ABC(正确答案)D25. A. get B. reach C. do D. want [单选题] *BCD26. A. none B. anybody C. someone D. nobody [单选题] * ABC(正确答案)D27. A. cut B. wash C. help D. eat [单选题] *ABCD(正确答案)28. A. coffee B. trouble C. chocolate D. case [单选题] * AB(正确答案)CD29. A. entered B. tasted C. sole D. attracted [单选题] *ACD30. A. bit B. number C. few D. lots [单选题] *A(正确答案)BCD31. A. carelessness B. danger C. surprise D. happiness [单选题] * ABC(正确答案)D32. A. seldom B. hardly C. interestingly D. greatly [单选题] *AB(正确答案)CD33. A. anything B. something C. everything D. nothing [单选题] * A(正确答案)BD34. A. recalled B. thought C. learned D. knew [单选题] * AB(正确答案)CD35. A. stood B. took C. cried D. looked [单选题] *A(正确答案)BCD36. A. fine B. nice C. ok D. wrong [单选题] *ABCD(正确答案)37. A. and B. but C. so D. while [单选题] *AB(正确答案)C38. A. with B. in C. up D. on [单选题] *A(正确答案)BCD39. A. spelt B. corrected C. made D. expressed [单选题] *ABC(正确答案)D40. A. that B. when C. although D. if [单选题] *AB(正确答案)CDPart Ⅲ True or False (2x5 points)Directions: Read the following passage. There are 5 complete sentences in this part. For each sentence youshouldjudge whether it is true(A) orfalse (B)，and then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.The U.S. Travel Association confirmed in a survey what many frustrated fliers already know: The No. 1 airport headache is passengers who pull too many carry-on bags through security and onto flight.That number has skyrocketed in recent years---86 million more bags were carried on in the year than during the same period two years earlier, the Transportation Security Administration estimated.The reason for the carry-on jump is no mystery: All the major domestic airlines now charge to check (托运)even one bag, generally $25. To save money and time at the baggage claim, passengers carry as much as they can on board, with predictable consequences.At the security checkpoints, these millions of extra bags, many of them densely packed, means longer lines. Once pass security, the fun continues at boarding. On a typical flight, there is a fierce fight for scarce overhead bin space, extending the boarding process. Bags that arestuffed under seats make passengers even more uncomfortable.There has got to be a better way. In fact, there is. Here’s what a more sensible system would look like: No fee for the first piece of checked luggage. It would be better if airlines simply raised fares (机票) instead of fees. Limit the carry-on size and charge for large carry-ons. Use templates (标尺) at the security checkpointsto cut off the monster bags that now often escape airlines staffs’ notice until they’re right at the door of the plane. Tax the airlines’ income from fees the same way that fares are taxed. Currently, the fees are tax free, encouraging airlines to generate income through fees rather than fare increases.We’re sympathetic to the airline industry’s need to make money, but the baggage fees---previously intended to offset rising fuel costs---have become an interrupt that slows down the security check, offloads costs onto fliers and makes the boarding process even more unpleasant than it already is.41. The number of bags the air travelers carry on board frustrated them most. [单选题] A(正确答案)B42. The fee for the first piece of checked baggage is the main cause of increasing number of carry-on. [单选题]A(正确答案)B43. Passengers often feel relieved after passing security. [单选题]AB(正确答案)44. To tax luggage fees is to discourage airlines from profiting from fees. [单选题]A(正确答案)B45. The writer is sympathetic to the airline industry. [单选题]AB(正确答案)Part Ⅳ Translation (40 points)Directions: There are 5 sentences in this part. Each sentence isfollowed by some statements. For each of them there are three choices marked A, B, C and D.You should decide on the best choice and then mark the corresponding letter on the ANSWER SHEET. (2x5 points)46. It is obvious that the development of science and technology is vital to the modernization of China . [单选题] *A. 显而易见，科学技术的发展对中国的现代化是至关重要的。
(完整word)05专八听力原文
听力原文2005Part 1， Listening ComprehensionSection A, Mini—LectureI think as seniors, you are often required by your instructors to do some library research on this topic or that。
And, in the end, you have to write a research paper, right？ Then what is writing a research paper like? How are we going to write one？ What are the steps in producing a research paper and what are the points we need to take care of? In today’s lecture, I'll try to answer these questions。
First of all, what is writing a research paper like？ We may start by comparing it to an ordinary essay， a form of writing you are very familiar with. Writing a research paper is much like writing an essay。
Both kinds of writing involve many of the same basic steps. That is， choosing a topic，asking questions to define and develop the topic, identifying the audience, getting raw material to work with, outlining the paper, writing it， and， finally, revising it。
专业英语八级(听力)模拟试卷59(题后含答案及解析)
专业英语八级（听力）模拟试卷59(题后含答案及解析) 题型有：1. LISTENING COMPREHENSIONPART I LISTENING COMPREHENSION (35 MIN)SECTION B INTERVIEWDirections: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the interview you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following five questions.Now listen to the interview.听力原文：Interviewer(M)Jean Chatzky(W)M: You’ve spent your life building your nest egg, and protecting your assets and then it happens. You fall in love. But is marriage a good financial move for you?(1)On today’s money, marriage and your finances, Money in Today’s Financial’s editor Jean Chatzky will give us some advice. Jean, hey!W: Hey!M: So marriage is a beautiful thing. But look at it from sort of like a cold hard financial perspective: is it a smart thing to get married?W: It rolls a lot of people’s assets into a risky position. Because think about it this way, we are getting married later, which means we are coming at marriage by the time that we have houses, retirement accounts, we may have kids from a previous marriage, we wanna take care of all of those things, and just tying the knot can actually put those assets in a precarious position.M: And having that money talk when you are in love is so hard, isn’t it?W: It’s hard when you are not in love. I mean, I only say I do what I do for a very specific reason, talking about money used to and still does at some point make me completely nuts and(2)if you don’t have these conversations, then you are going to really do yourself serious financial damage.M: Although it is a tough job to talk about money, you gotta have the talk, right?W: Yeah, that’s true!M: Okay! First, let’s talk about income. Now here is a question for you. Can getting married lower your income?W: It absolutely can. Because if, let’s say, you are toward retirement age, and you are earning more money in retirement as a single than getting married. And it can actually lower the amount of money that you have to draw on from alimony.M: Now, I always thought according to taxes, like everyone say, oh, getting married is so good for your taxes, you always end up saving money on taxes, is it true or not?W: Not necessarily. If you fde jointly, that’s probably the best way to go, but there is the thing called marriage penalty and it doesn’t go away when you get older. You can actually lose money to taxes. If you get married, your spouse is going to inherit all of your assets without paying any taxes on them. But it may mean that your kids do not. M: That’s scream’s prenup right. I mean, you should just get a prenup, which means you have to fix out an agreement before marriage. W:(3)Well, a lot of people really do need to look at the prenup question. The older you are, the more you come to the party with, particularly if you come to the party with either kids from a previous marriage or a business, you gotta protect that, and that means getting a lawyer in yourcourt and a lawyer in his and sitting down at the table. M: Well, let’s talk about kids. If you have grown kids, how does getting married later in life affect them? W:(4)You have to look at the question of inheritances. If your new spouse is gonna all of a sudden inherit everything that you have, your kids are all of a sudden not going to unless you take care of that in your wills and with the prenup. M: OK. Let’s talk about the pros of getting married, financially what are, what’s the good side of that? W: There are some good things in terms of real estate. If you own a house and your spouse owns a house, when you get married you are allowed to take a 500,000-dollar capital gain rather than a 250,000-dollar capital gain as you could as a single person. You may have to live in that house for a couple of years before you sell it and rent the other one, but that can be a huge amount of money to stock in the bank. M: It sounds reasonable to have a certain marriage. W: Yeah, that’s right!(5)Also you are gonna save money on auto insurance premiums, homeowner insurance premiums. So there are some good things and two can definitely live more cheaply than two apart. M: And again, you know it’s just important to have the money discussion no matter how painful it is, right? W: Absolutely. And if you can’t do it yourself, sit down with an advisor and do it together, but do it. M: OK, Jean, thank you so much for the great advice. It should be very helpful for the audience. W: My pleasure to share my ideas with you!1．What is the main topic of the interview?A．Personal income and taxes.B．Real estate and inheritances.C．Retirement accounts and pensions.D．Money, marriage and finances.正确答案：D解析：本题设题点在访谈开头处。
英语专八完整试题及答案
英语专八完整试题及答案一、听力理解（Part I Listening Comprehension）Section A: Mini-Lecture1. The speaker mentioned several benefits of learning a second language. What are they?- A. Improved cognitive abilities- B. Enhanced job prospects- C. Increased cultural understanding- D. All of the above2. According to the lecture, what is the most challenging aspect of learning a new language?- A. Vocabulary acquisition- B. Grammar rules- C. Pronunciation- D. Cultural nuancesSection B: Interview3. What is the main topic of the interview?- A. The impact of technology on education- B. The role of arts in society- C. The importance of environmental conservation- D. The future of space exploration4. What does the interviewee suggest as a solution to thediscussed issue?- A. Government intervention- B. Public awareness campaigns- C. International collaboration- D. Technological innovation二、阅读理解（Part II Reading Comprehension）Passage 15. What is the main idea of the passage?- A. The history of the English language- B. The evolution of English literature- C. The influence of English on global communication- D. The development of English as a global lingua franca6. The author uses which of the following to support their argument?- A. Historical events- B. Personal anecdotes- C. Scientific studies- D. Survey resultsPassage 27. What is the author's purpose in writing this passage?- A. To persuade readers to adopt a healthier lifestyle- B. To inform readers about the latest health trends- C. To critique the current state of healthcare- D. To provide a comprehensive review of a health-related topic8. What is the author's stance on the topic discussed?- A. Skeptical- B. Supportive- C. Neutral- D. Critical三、语言知识（Part III Language Knowledge）9. Which of the following is the correct form of the verb "to be" in the past tense for the third person singular?- A. am- B. is- C. are- D. was10. The word "irrespective" is closest in meaning to:- A. regardless- B. respective- C. perspective- D. prospective四、翻译（Part IV Translation）Section A: English to Chinese11. Translate the following sentence into Chinese:- "The rapid development of technology has brought about significant changes in our daily lives."Section B: Chinese to English12. Translate the following sentence into English:- "随着全球化的不断深入，跨文化交流变得越来越重要。
专八模拟试题及答案
专八模拟试题及答案一、听力理解1. 短对话理解听下面一段对话，回答以下问题：- 问题一：What is the man's major?答案：The man's major is Computer Science.- 问题二：Why does the woman suggest going to the library?答案：The woman suggests going to the library because it is quiet and conducive to studying.2. 长对话理解听下面一段较长的对话，回答以下问题：- 问题一：What is the main topic of the conversation?答案：The main topic of the conversation is about the upcoming job interview.- 问题二：What advice does the man give to the woman?答案：The man advises the woman to dress professionally and to arrive early for the interview.二、阅读理解1. 阅读理解A阅读下面的短文，回答以下问题：- 问题一：What is the author's opinion on the importance of a balanced diet?答案：The author believes that a balanced diet is crucial for maintaining good health.- 问题二：According to the passage, what are the benefits of eating vegetables?答案：Eating vegetables provides essential nutrients and helps prevent certain diseases.2. 阅读理解B阅读下面的短文，回答以下问题：- 问题一：What is the main purpose of the text?答案：The main purpose of the text is to discuss the impact of technology on education.- 问题二：How does the author view the role of technology in classrooms?答案：The author views the role of technology in classrooms as a tool that can enhance learning experiences.三、完形填空阅读下面的短文，从所给的选项中选出最佳选项填空：- 空格一：The company has been __________ for its innovative products.选项：A) recognized B) criticized C) ignored D) forgotten 答案：A) recognized- 空格二：Despite the challenges, she remained __________ throughout the project.选项：A) optimistic B) indifferent C) skeptical D) pessimistic答案：A) optimistic四、翻译将下列句子从中文翻译成英文：- 句子一：随着经济的发展，人们对生活质量的要求越来越高。
专八5套听力预测试题答案
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德语专八模拟试题pdf
德语专八模拟试题pdf一、听力理解1. 短对话理解- 听下列对话，从A、B、C三个选项中选择正确答案。
- 每段对话仅播放一遍，之后将给出15秒的作答时间。
2. 长对话理解- 听下列长对话，回答相关问题。
- 每段对话将播放两遍，之后将给出30秒的作答时间。
3. 新闻听力- 听下列新闻报道，回答相关问题。
- 新闻报道将播放一遍，之后将给出45秒的作答时间。
二、阅读理解1. 快速阅读- 阅读下列短文，从A、B、C三个选项中选择正确答案。
- 每篇文章阅读时间为5分钟。
2. 深度阅读- 阅读下列长文，回答相关问题。
- 每篇文章阅读时间为10分钟。
3. 完形填空- 阅读下列文章，从A、B、C三个选项中选择正确答案填入空格。
- 每篇文章完成时间为8分钟。
三、语法与词汇1. 单项选择- 从A、B、C三个选项中选择正确答案。
- 每题作答时间为30秒。
2. 词汇搭配- 将下列词汇与正确的搭配连线。
- 完成时间为5分钟。
3. 句型转换- 将下列句子转换成指定的句型。
- 每句转换时间为1分钟。
四、写作1. 应用文写作- 根据所给情景，写一封应用文。
- 写作时间为15分钟。
2. 议论文写作- 根据所给话题，写一篇议论文。
- 写作时间为30分钟。
五、翻译1. 德译汉- 将下列德文段落翻译成中文。
- 翻译时间为20分钟。
2. 汉译德- 将下列中文段落翻译成德文。
- 翻译时间为20分钟。
请注意，以上排版及格式要求仅供参考，具体试题内容需根据实际考试要求进行调整。
专业英语八级(听力)模拟试卷136(题后含答案及解析)
专业英语八级（听力）模拟试卷136(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. LISTENING COMPREHENSIONPART I LISTENING COMPREHENSIONSECTION A MINI-LECTUREIn this section you will hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the mini-lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening to the mini-lecture, please complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE and write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each gap. Make sure the word(s) you fill in is (are) both grammatically and semantically acceptable. You may use the blank sheet for note-taking.You have THIRTY seconds to preview the gap-filling task.听力原文：The American Two-party System Good morning, everyone. Today I’d like to discuss with you the two-party system in America. Basically speaking, nowadays, no one now living in the United States can remember when the contest began between the Democratic and Republican parties. It has been going on for more than a century, making it one of the oldest political rivalries in the world. The American political system is a classical example of the two-party system. When we say that we have a two-party system in the United States we do not mean that we have only two parties. Usually about dozen parties nominate presidential candidates. We call it a two-party system because we have two large parties and a number of small parties, and the large parties are so large that we often forget about the rest. Usually the small parties collectively poll less than 5 per cent of the vote cast in national elections. The Democratic and Republican parties are the largest and most competitive organizations in the American community. They organize the electorate very simply by maintaining the two-party system. Americans almost inevitably become Democrats or Republicans because there is usually no other place for them to go. Moreover, because the rivalry of these parties is very old, most Americans know where they belong in the system. As a consequence of the dominance of the major parties, most elected officials are either Republicans or Democrats. Attempts to break up this old system have been made in every presidential election in the past one hundred years, but the system has survived all assaults. When comes to this point, you may be wondering how does it happen that the two-party system is so strongly rooted in American politics? The explanation is probably to be found in the way elections are conducted. In the United States, unlike countries with a parliamentary system of government, we elect not only the President, but a large number of other officials, about 800,000 of them. We also elect congressmen from single-member districts. For example, we elect 435 members of the House of Representatives from 435 districts, one member for each district. Statistically, this kind of election favors the major parties. The system of elections makes it easy for the major parties to maintain their dominant position, because they are likely to win more than their share of the offices. As it has been clearlyshowed that one of the great consequences of the system is that it produces majorities automatically. Because there are only two competitors in the running, it is almost inevitable that one will receive a majority. Moreover, the system tends slightly to exaggerate the victory of the winning party. This is not always true, but the strong tendency to produce majorities is built into the system. In over 200 years of constitutional history, Americans have learned much about the way in which the system can be managed so as to make possible the peaceful transfer of power from one party to the other. At the level of presidential elections, the party in power has been overturned by the party out of power nineteen times, almost once a decade. In the election of 1860, the political system broke down, and the Civil War, the worst disaster in American history, resulted. Our history justifies our confidence in the system but also shows that it is not foolproof. The second major party is able to survive a defeat because the statistical tendency that exaggerates the victory of the winning party operates even more strongly in favor of the second party a-gainst the third, fourth, and fifth parties. As a result, the defeated major party is able to maintain a monopoly of the opposition. The advantage of the second party over the third is so great that it is the only party that is likely to be able to overturn the party in power. It is able, therefore, to attract the support of everyone seriously opposed to the party in power. The second party is important as long as it can monopolize the movement to overthrow the party in power, because it is certain to come into power sooner or later. Another consequence of the two-party system is that whereas minor parties are likely to identify themselves with special interests or special programs and thus take extreme positions, the major parties are so large that they tend to be moderate. Evidence of the moderation of the major parties is that much business is conducted across party lines. What happens when the Democrats control one house of Congress and the Republicans control the other? About the same volume of legislation is passed as when one party controls both houses, although some important legislation is likely to be blocked temporarily. It is possible to carry on the work of the government even when party control is divided because party differences are not fundamental. Finally, to sum up the lecture today. As we know that it is not an easy job to fully understand the two-party system in the United States of America. Therefore, I hope this lecture will at least give a gist of the history of the two-party system and how it works as one of the most complete political systems in the world.The American Two-party SystemI. IntroductionA. the oldest political 【T1】______ around the world【T1】______B. the classical example of two-party system: the American political system—the dominant parties: the Democratic and the【T2】______ parties【T2】______—the two-party system survived all attempts to assaultsC. About dozen parties that nominate【T3】______【T3】______D. Americans inevitably become one of the two parties because—there is usually no other place to go—most Americans know where they【T4】______ in the system【T4】______II. Two-party system is so strongly【T5】______ because【T5】______A The way【T6】______ are conducted: the Americans elect【T6】______—【T7】______【T7】______—about 800,000 of other【T8】______,【T8】______—the congressman from single-member districtsB. Organization of the House ofRepresentatives ensures that—major party can maintain its【T9】______【T9】______—major party is likely to win III. The consequences of the systemA the【T10】______ production of majorities【T10】______—the competition between two parties —the【T11】______ of the victory of the winning party【T11】______B. The peaceful 【T12】______【T12】______—the party in power can be overrun by the party out of power—two-party system cannot be destroyed—the【T13】______ can survive the defeat because of【T13】______a)the possibility of mamtaining a【T14】______ of the opposition【T14】______b)the attraction of the support of those opposed to the party in powerC. the tendency for the major parties to be【T15】______,【T15】______ e.g. business is conducted across party linesD. The work of the government carried on despite of divided party control1．【T1】正确答案：rivalries∥competitors解析：讲座开篇就提到了美国两党之间的竞争，“是世界上最早的政治竞争(rivalries)之一”。
专业英语八级(听力)模拟试卷332(题后含答案及解析)
专业英语八级（听力）模拟试卷332(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. LISTENING COMPREHENSIONPART I LISTENING COMPREHENSIONSECTION A MINI-LECTUREIn this section you will hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the mini-lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening to the mini-lecture, please complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE and write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each gap. Make sure the word(s) you fill in is (are) both grammatically and semantically acceptable. You may use the blank sheet for note-taking.You have THIRTY seconds to preview the gap-filling task.Now let’s take a look at the first approach, that is, meaning is【T1】______. Does a work of literature mean what the author intended to mean? And if so, how can we tell? If all the evidence we have is the text itself and nothing else, we can only 【T2】______ what ideas the author had according to our understanding of literature and the world. In order to have a better idea of what one particular author means in one of his works, I’d suggest that you do the following. First, go to the library and 【T3】______ by the same author. Second, get to know something about【T4】______ seemed to be common in literary works in that particular tradition and at that time. In other words, we need to find out【T5】______ were in those days. And last, get to know what were【T6】______ and symbols of the time. I guess you can understand the author’s meaning much more clearly after you do the related background research.1．【T1】正确答案：what is intended by the author 涉及知识点：听力填空2．【T2】正确答案：guess 涉及知识点：听力填空3．【T3】正确答案：read other works 涉及知识点：听力填空4．【T4】正确答案：what sort of meanings 涉及知识点：听力填空5．【T5】正确答案：what the literary trends 涉及知识点：听力填空6．【T6】正确答案：the cultural values 涉及知识点：听力填空The term “American dream”is widely used today. But what exactly does this concept mean? The term “American dream” began to be widely used【T1】______. The term was used in a famous novel written by Horatio Alger. The novel, Ragged Dick, was a “【T2】______” story about a little boy who was orphaned and lived in New York. The boy saved all his pennies, worked very hard, and eventually became rich. The novel sent the message to the American public that anyone could【T3】______in America if they were honest, worked hard, and showed 【T4】______. No matter what your background, no matter where you were from, no matter if you had no money or no family, hard work and perseverance would always lead to success. Today, the message from Alger’s novel is still a prevalent one in this country. It is still used to 【T5】______. A very basic definition of the American dream is that it is the hope of the American people to have a better quality of life and【T6】______ than their parents. This can mean that each generation hopes for better jobs, or more financial security, or ownership of land or a home. However, ...7．【T1】正确答案：in 1867 涉及知识点：听力填空8．【T2】正确答案：rags to riches 涉及知识点：听力填空9．【T3】正确答案：succeed 涉及知识点：听力填空10．【T4】正确答案：determination to succeed 涉及知识点：听力填空11．【T5】正确答案：define the American dream 涉及知识点：听力填空12．【T6】正确答案：a higher standard of living 涉及知识点：听力填空At school and at work, I have noticed that people have different kinds of work habits. Some people are collaborators, who like to work【T1】______. They find that doing a project with someone else makes the job more pleasant and the load lighter. Collaborators【T2】______ unless they are forced to. A second category I have noticed is the advice seeker. An advice seeker does the bulk of her work alone, but 【T3】______ for advice. When this worker has reached a crucial point in her project, she may show it to her classmate or co-worker just to get another opinion. Getting the advice of others makes this worker【T4】______ about her project as it takes shape. Another type of worker I have noticed is the slacker. A slacker tries to 【T5】______ whenever possible. If he seems to be busy at the computer, he is probably playing a game online. And if he is writing busily, he is probably making his grocery list. Slackers will do anything except the work they are paid to do. The final type of worker is the loner. This type of worker prefers working alone. This type of worker has confidence in his ability and is likely to feel that collaboration is【T6】______. Loners work with others only when they are forced to. Collaborators, advice seekers, slackers and loners have different work styles. But each knows the work habits that help him or her to get the job done.13．【T1】正确答案：in groups 涉及知识点：听力填空14．【T2】正确答案：never work alone 涉及知识点：听力填空15．【T3】正确答案：frequently looks to others 涉及知识点：听力填空16．【T4】正确答案：feel secure 涉及知识点：听力填空17．【T5】正确答案：avoid work 涉及知识点：听力填空18．【T6】正确答案：a waste of time 涉及知识点：听力填空An ancient Greek philosopher once wrote that laughter is what makes us human—that it defines us as【T1】______. Much more recent developments in biology and【T2】______ suggest that not only humans but also【T3】______ laugh: nonetheless, laughter is one of the most important aspects of human social life and 【T4】______. Laughter starts very soon after【T5】______ —almost as soon as crying—and it serves many different【T6】______ functions, from sharing our joy to intimidating and insulting other people. In many parts of the world, making other people laugh is considered a great gift, and【T7】______ has always been a vital part of culture and art—perhaps precisely because of the complex, significant role of laughter in everyday life.19．【T1】正确答案：a species 涉及知识点：听力填空20．【T2】正确答案：behavioral science 涉及知识点：听力填空21．【T3】正确答案：rats and dolphins 涉及知识点：听力填空22．【T4】正确答案：self-expression 涉及知识点：听力填空23．【T5】正确答案：an infant is born 涉及知识点：听力填空24．【T6】正确答案：social and psychological 涉及知识点：听力填空25．【T7】正确答案：comedy 涉及知识点：听力填空。
专业英语八级(听力)模拟试卷366(题后含答案及解析)
专业英语八级（听力）模拟试卷366(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. LISTENING COMPREHENSIONPART I LISTENING COMPREHENSIONSECTION A MINI-LECTUREIn this section you will hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the mini-lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening to the mini-lecture, please complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE and write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each gap. Make sure the word(s) you fill in is (are) both grammatically and semantically acceptable. You may use the blank sheet for note-taking.You have THIRTY seconds to preview the gap-filling task.听力原文：Writing a Research Paper I think as seniors, you are often required by your instructors to do some library research on this topic or that. And, in the end, you have to write a research paper, right? Then what is writing a research paper like? How are we going to write one? What are the steps in producing a research paper and what are the points we need to take care of? In today’s lecture, I’ll try to answer these questions. First of all, what is writing a research paper like? We may start by comparing it to an ordinary essay, a form of writing you are very familiar with. Writing a research paper is much like writing an essay. Both kinds of writing involve many of the same basic steps. That is choosing a topic, asking questions to define and develop the topic, identifying the audience, getting raw material to work with, outlining the paper, writing it, and, finally, revising it. These are the steps shared between research paper writing and essay writing. Is there any difference, you may ask. Yes. What makes a research paper different is that much of your raw material comes not from your own head, but from printed sources: mainly books and periodicals in the library. Collecting raw material, that is reading books and taking notes, is very much like the process of brainstorming at the prewriting stage of an ordinary essay. Generally speaking, there are two basic types of research papers, and a paper may belong to either type. It may be a survey of facts and opinions available on a given topic or an analytical argument that uses those facts and opinions to prove a point. Your instructor may tell you which kind of paper you are expected to write. If not, you yourself should eventually choose between surveying and arguing. You will then have a definite way of managing your sources. Now, let’s take a look at how you are going to write a survey-type research paper or an argumentative research paper. In a survey-type research paper, you gather facts and a variety of opinions on a given topic. You make little attempt to interpret or evaluate what your sources say or to prove a particular point. Instead, through quotation, summary, and paraphrase, you try to provide a representative sampling of facts and opinions, to give an objective report on your topic. You explain the pros and cons of various attitudes or opinions, but you don’t side definitely with any one of them. While in an argumentative research paper, you do considerably more. You do not simply quote,paraphrase, and summarize as you do in a survey-type paper. You interpret, question, compare, and judge the statements you cite. You explain why one opinion is sound and another is not: why one fact is relevant and another is not: why one writer is correct and another is mistaken. What’s more, your purpose may vary with your topic. You may try to explain a situation, to recommend a course of action, to reveal the solution to a problem, or to present and defend a particular interpretation of a historical event or a work of art. But whether the topic is space travel or trends in contemporary American literature, an argumentative research paper deals actively—I say it again, actively—with the statements it cites. It makes these statements work together in an argument that you create, that is, an argument leading to a conclusion of your own. In the next part of the lecture, I’d like to talk about one of the basic steps in writing I mentioned earlier in the lecture, that is how to choose a topic. Choosing a topic for a research paper is in some ways like choosing a topic for an ordinary essay, but there are some differences. As you think about your topic, ask yourself these questions: Question number one: Do you really want to know more about this topic? This is the initial question you have to ask yourself, because research on any subject will keep you busy for weeks. You certainly do not wish to waste your time on something you have little interest in. You will do it well only if you expect to learn something interesting or important in the process. Question number two: Are you likely to find many sources of information on this topic? You cannot write a research paper without consulting a variety of sources. If only one source or none at all is readily available, you should rethink your topic or choose another. Question number three: Can you cut the topic down to a manageable size? Be reasonable and realistic about what you can do in a short period, say, two to four weeks. If your topic is “The American Revolution”, you’ll scarcely have time to make a list of books on your subject, let alone read and analyze them. So try to find something specific, such as “The Role of Thomas Jefferson in the American Revolution”or “The Franco-American Alliance”. Question number four What questions can you ask about the topic itself? Questions help you get the topic down to a manageable size, discover its possibilities, and find the goal of your research, that is, the specific problem you want to investigate. Suppose you want to write about the issue of financing a college education—a topic not only current, but also directly linked to the lives of most college students and their families. You could ask at least two or three pointed questions: How much does educational opportunity depend on financial status? Is financial aid going to the students who need it most? How much should universities and colleges charge their students? You can ask yourself these questions or more as you start work on the research paper. Okay. To sum up, in today’s lecture, we’ve looked at some of the issues in research paper writing, like the basic steps, types of research paper, and how to choose a topic. In our next lecture, we’ll concentrate on how to identify the audience, how to work out an outline, and how to edit the draft.Writing a Research PaperI. Research Paper and Ordinary EssayA. Similarity in 【T1】______: 【T1】______e.g.—choosing a topic—asking questions —【T2】______ the audience 【T2】______B. Difference mainly in terms of 【T3】______ 【T3】______1. research paper printed sources2. ordinary essay: ideas in one’s【T4】______ 【T4】______II. Types and Characteristics of Research PapersA. Number of basic types: twoB. Characteristics:1. survey-type paper:—to gather 【T5】______ 【T5】______—to 【T6】______ 【T6】______—to 【T7】______ 【T7】______—to paraphraseThe writer should be 【T8】______. 【T8】______2. argumentative (research)paper:a. The writer should do more, e.g.—to 【T9】______ 【T9】______—to question, etc.b. 【T10】______varies with the topic, e.g. 【T10】______—to recommend an action, etc.III. How to Choose a Topic for a Research PaperIn choosing a topic, it is important to 【T11】______. 【T11】______Question No. 1: your 【T12】______ with the topic 【T12】______Question No. 2: 【T13】______ of relevant information on 【T13】______ the chosen topicQuestion No. 3: narrowing the topic down to 【T14】______ 【T14】______Question No. 4: asking questions about 【T15】______ 【T15】______ The questions help us to work our way into the topic and discover its possibilities.1．【T1】正确答案：basic steps解析：原文提到Both kinds of writing involve many of the same basic steps。
专业英语八级(听力)模拟试卷181(题后含答案及解析)
专业英语八级（听力）模拟试卷181(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. LISTENING COMPREHENSIONPART I LISTENING COMPREHENSIONSECTION A MINI-LECTUREIn this section you will hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the mini-lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening to the mini-lecture, please complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE and write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each gap. Make sure the word(s) you fill in is (are) both grammatically and semantically acceptable. You may use the blank sheet for note-taking.You have THIRTY seconds to preview the gap-filling task.听力原文：Cross-Cultural Communication Tips for AmericansGood morning everyone. Today we are going to talk about the practical tips in cross-cultural communication.There are millions of people living in the United States who were born abroad and chose to make a new life in America. There are also plenty of people who were born here, but are part of a culture that differs from mainstream American culture. It’s no wonder that we take pride in being a society in which people from all nations and cultures can live. But too often, Americans only consider their own side of interactions between cultures.[1]Instead of the old expression that described American society as a “melting pot,” it’s more accurate today to compare it to a “salad bowl,” in which different people are mixed together, but maintain their unique cultural identities.Members of all cultures need to take care to understand and accommodate each other.[2]The worst thing you can do when speaking with someone from another culture is to base your actions on assumptions. Our advice for cross-cultural communication can be boiled down to one rule: Don’t assume anything! Instead, you should learn how to ask around a sensitive topic and[3]watch for your conversation partner’s reaction. Often you can find the information you’re looking for without making the person feel that you’re expecting a stereotype.[4]The other essential component of cross-cultural communication is to expect some misunderstandings.Often we regard standards and rules of our culture as universal—only to be offended and shocked when someone violates those standards. A few mistakes are bound to occur.[5]Don’t feel awkward—from the other person’s perspective, you’re the one who’s from a different culture. Chances are the same questions and hesitations that are going through your mind are going through the other person’s as well.Here are three important tips you could follow in order to avoid awkwardness in cross-cultural communication. Key Tip 1Take the initiative and introduce yourself, and if the conversation lags,[6]do your best to push it along.[7]People can sometimes feel a little shy when immersed in a different culture because they’re afraid of doing or saying the wrong thing—or they just feel different from everyone else.[7]Asking friendly questions is a good way to draw people out of their shells. Key Tip 2It’s difficult to tell a person’s native country by the accent.Someone may speak with what sounds like a British accent, but could actually be from South Africa, New Zealand, Australia, Ireland, Scotland, Wales, India, Canada, Ghana, Belize, Hong Kong, Zimbabwe or any other of the dozens of independent nations or protectorates that were once British colonies. Another example is Spanish, which is the most widely spoken romance language in the world. It’s the official language of Spain and much of Latin America And don’t forget that more than 14 million people in the United States speak Spanish as their primary language, and many of them are American-born.[8]Making assumptions about someone’s native country just because of an accent is risky. Play it safe and give the person an opportunity to share this information with you. Key Tip 3Topics that you might consider personal, like your income or dating life, may be suitable for conversation in someone else’s culture. Rather than taking offense, try to let it slide. Questions like these are well-meaning attempts to make conversation with you or to learn more about your culture.[9]If a question is too personal, deflect it by making your answer broad and general. Instead of saying “I make $40,000 a year,” say “People in my field usually make anywhere from $30,000 to $60,000 a year.”[10]If you’re pressed for specifics, then you can gently give an answer like, “That’s a topic that I don’t feel comfortable discussing,” and move on to a new area.Now, let’s look at a cross-cultural interaction gone wrong:[11]Jeff is introduced to one of his company’s new consultants, Lora. As Lora smiles and says hello, Jeff notices her dark skin and Spanish accent.As they make small talk, Jeff realizes that Lora’s still calling him Mr. Williams. He decides to help break the ice and call Lora by her first name as often as he can. In an attempt to warm her up, he asks if she’s been to any good bullfights lately. When she balks, he mentions an article describing the cruelty of bullfighting, and then he invites her to a basketball game so that she can see some real American sports.How did Jeff do? Well, he violated most of our rules:First of all,[12]he assumed that he could address her by her first name without asking if it was okay to do so.Next in order,[13]he tried to force her into a degree of familiarity that made her uncomfortable.Thirdly,[14]by asking her about bullfighting, he assumed she was from Spain or Mexico. Lora’s from Chile, which doesn’t allow bullfighting.Finally, he made himself look a little foolish when he talked to her as if she didn’t know that some people regard bullfighting as cruel and[15]by assuming that Lora had never been to a basketball game before.OK I think we all understand the importance of sticking to the tips we have shared. Remember that people from different countries, even other English-speaking nations, probably won’t speak, dress, act, or even eat the same way you do. Don’t assume that someone from another country, or another culture, shares your values and attitudes, no matter how firmly you believe in them, or how widely held you think they are. Expect and respect cultural differences.Cross-Cultural Communication Tips for AmericansI. Why Americans need cross-cultural tips?a)Not a “melting pot”but a(n)”【T1】_____”【T1】______b)Different cultural identities in the mixed crowdII. General advice for cross-cultural communication(CCC)a)Do not base actions on【T2】_____【T2】______b)Watch for the other【T3】_____【T3】______c)Expect【T4】_____【T4】______d)Don’t feel【T5】_____because of the mistakes【T5】______III. Three key tipsfor CCCa)Keep the conversation【T6】_____【T6】______—Asking friendly questions can make people【T7】_____【T7】______b)Don’t assume where someone is from by his/her【T8】_____【T8】______—Someone with a British accent might come from a dozen of countriesc)Respond to a personal question by avoiding it with 【T9】_____【T9】______—If you’re pressed for specifics, simply【T10】______ it.【T10】______IV. A(n)【T11】______-Jeffs mistakes【T11】______a)He addressed Lora by her first name without【T12】_____【T12】______b)He forced Lora into an uncomfortable【T13】_____【T13】______c)He assumed Lora was from【T14】_____ or Mexico【T14】______d)He made himself a fool by assuming that—Lora didn’t know some people think bullfighting is cruel—Lora had never been to【T15】_____【T15】______1．【T1】正确答案：salad bowl解析：该题要求填写美国社会的正确比喻。
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星期1 Monday 预测试题五In this section you will hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lecture. When the lecture is over, you will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE. Some of the gaps may require a maximum of THREE words. Make sure the word(s) you fill in is(are) both grammatically and semantically acceptable. You may refer to your notes while completing the task. Use the blank sheet for note-taking.Section B InterviewIn this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Mark the correct answer to each question on ANSWER SHEET TWO.Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the interview you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following five questions.Now listen to the interview.1. Working out is beneficial to human in all the following way EXCEPT[A] It does good to your body.[B] It can improve your intelligence.[C] It can enlarge your circle of acquaintance.[D] It can fight diseases.2. Which of the following statement is INCORRECT?[A] Exercise could reduce the risk of getting Alzheimer.[B] Exercise could improve cognitive function.[C] Interconnection of nerve cells primarily benefits memory function.[D] The brain functions better with interconnection of nerve cells.3. According to the woman, in which way does exercise help people in their 40s and 50s?[A] It can reduce the risk of getting Alzheimer.[B] It can reduce the risk of getting cognitive impairment.[C] It can reduce the risk of getting cancer.[D] It can make them spiritually healthy.4. The California Teacher Study found the greatest reduction in breast cancer of about ______percent.[A] 26[B] 40[C] 31[D] 145. The first thing for a woman who gets a diagnosis of breast cancer to do is[A] to start exercising.[B] to go the doctor.[C] to get a good medical team.[D] to keep a healthy mood.Section C News BroadcastIn this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Mark the correct answer to each question on ANSWER SHEET TWO.Question 6 is based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the question.Now listen to the news.6. The opposition supporters rallied in the center of the capital to[A] support their party leader.[B] ask for a re-election.[C] accuse the sins of the prime minister.[D] express their anger with the government.Question 7 and 8 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will begiven 20 seconds to answer the questions.Now listen to the news.7. What is the news mainly about?[A] Every year lots of people are killed or disabled by snake bites around the world.[B] There are great differences among kinds of snakes.[C] The WHO has launched a website to help reducing snake bites.[D] The WHO is looking for ways to help reducing snake bites.8. The death rate among people who are bitten by snakes is ______ every year.[A] 4%[B] 2.5%[C] 40%[D] 25%Question 9 and 10 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions.Now listen to the news.9. What is the news mainly about?[A] Elena Kagan got nominated for a seat on the US Supreme Court by Obama.[B] Elena Kagan will interpret the American constitution’s impact on law.[C] The law of America might be changed by Elena Kagan.[D] The US Supreme Court has enormous power over American lives.10. Which of the following is NOT true about Elena Kagan?[A] She will influence the shape of America for decades.[B] She is the dean of Harvard Law School.[C] The Senate has approved the nomination of her.[D] She is a Liberal.【听力原文】M: This morning on Today's Health, we are going to pump you up. You know, [1.A]working out is obviously good for your body, but this week's Newsweek Magazine reports there is new evidence [1.B][1.D]it can boost your brainpower and fight disease as well. Miriam Nelson isan associate professor at the Friedman School of Nutrition at Tufts University. Miriam, nice to see you, how are you doing?W: Very well. Thanks for having me.M: So, we are talking about rigorous, aerobic exercise, clearly good for your body. Explain to me in layman's terms if you can now, about this new research that says it can also help your brain grow new nerve cells.W: That's right. What we've known for years is that [2.A]individuals who are physically active have reduced risk of getting Alzheimer’s dis ease. We've also known that [2.B]people with mild cognitive impairment also have improved function with exercise. There's some very new research just come out that is very exciting. And what is seen is it's taken 11 individuals, and put them on a about 3 or 4 months course of aerobic exercise—4 days a week, an hour. And what they've seen through MRI Scan is people are actually growing new nerve cells.M: And, and more new nerve cells means what to me, someone in my age group.W: Yeah, my age group, too.M: OK, our age group too, right.W: What we are seeing is that, is the new nerve cells are growing. They're increasing a web and they're weaved and they're connecting. It's all the interconnections of the nerve cells.[2.D]When you get those connections, your brain functions better,[2.C]primarily this is in theexecutive functioning part of the brain in the hippocampus. We are looking at multitasking, memory, problem solving, name recognition—lot of things that start to decline as we get older. M: I am sure a lot of people watching this right now, Miriam Nelson. Can I make up for lost time?I don't have a history of exercising throughout my life. Now in 45, 50 years old, if I startexercising now, do I make a difference?W: Well, certainly. The data we show right now that exercising in your 40s and 50s, hopefully we want to start a little bit early, [3.A]but in your 30s,40s and 50s, it will make a difference for reducing the risk of getting Alzheimer as you get older. And there's even newer research with children that is also very exciting.M: Let me switch gears now and turn into the subject of the connection between rigorous exercise and preventing breast cancer. A study showed that there was a drop between 26 and 40 percent even if you take the lower end of that spectrum. That is significant.W: It's a very large decrease. So, one of the first studies with the Nurse's Health Study followed 3000 people for 14 years and they saw between a 26 to 40 percent decrease in death and recurrence in individuals who already had breast cancer. This newest study, [4.C]the California Teacher Study, followed 110,000 women from the earlier mid-90s up until 2002 and they saw that the women that were exercising the most had the greatest reduction in breast cancer, as you said, about 31 percent, about 5 hours a week.M: What about the impact of exercise on estrogen positive cancers?W: We've always thought that it was through some kind of hormone, because when you exercise, you have lower levels of it. So we thought that was a reason that you got the decrease.M: So to wrap things up, [5.B]for a woman who gets a diagnosis of breast cancer is difficult, does it make sound the first thing you would tell that woman to do, go out and start exercising? W: Well, see your doctor and get a very good medical team and then make sure that exercise is an adjunct to that, and the research that we are doing at the Friedman School is showing that we can get a lot of people exercising, so, it's really important for your brain as well as your,reducing your risk of breast cancer. And as a woman with a history of Alzheimer in my family,I am certainly going to keep exercising.M: A lot of people are going to pay attention to it. Professor Miriam Nelson, thanks! Good to have you here.W: Thank you very much.【答案解析】Section C News Broadcast。