大学英语阅读语篇分析

(
antonym, synonym, repetition, collocation)
Cohesion (lexical)

Cold climate, hot habit In Finland winters are long and cold, with temperatures rarely rising above freezing,
and the nights never seem to end. In addition, those who live in the far north of the country have to cope the sun never rises. But the Finns have invented a way of staying warm and happy—the sauna. Almost every house in Finland has one; in a country which numbers just five million inhabitants there are an estimated two million saunas.
and the nights never seem to end. In addition, those who live in the far north of the country have to cope with the ‗polar night‘, a period of 51 days on end during which
the sun never rises.
But the Finns have invented a way of staying warm and happy—the sauna. Almost every house in Finland has one; in a country which numbers just five million inhabitants there are an estimated two million saunas.
the sun never rises.
But the Finns have invented a way of staying warm and happy—the sauna. Almost every house in Finland has one; in a country which numbers just five million inhabitants there are an estimated two million saunas.
Goup-2 Presentation
By WAN Li
Situational Context—SPEAKING
time not specified, Finland, winter 背景 Participant: ―speaker‖ 人物 Ends: introduction to sauna 目的 Act sequences: no 动作 Keys: neutral and formal tone 基调 Instrumentalities: written communication 手段 Norms: no turn-taking 语篇模型 Genre: formal expository writing for popular reading 体裁
Cohesion (lexical)

Cold climate, hot habit In Finland winters are long and cold, with temperatures rarely rising above freezing,
and the nights never seem to end. In addition, those who live in the far north of the country have to cope with the ‗polar night‘, a period of 51 days on end during which
Macro-structure, micro-structure, rule of order, signals, clause relations Situational & linguistic contexts
Culture
Critique
Cohesion (衔接)
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Reference 照应 Repetition 重复 Ellipsis 省略 Conjunction 连接 Sentence type
Linguistic context/Culture
Finland,
winter, freezing, polar night
the
sauna—culture-specific way of life
Critique
Speaker—authentic,
power of speaking Predicate—the way things are; are, never seem to end, live, cope with, have invented, never rises, has, there are
General
Lexical Signals
Problem Solution
long and cold; invent a way have to cope with…
Clause relations
generalization-example:
In Finland winters are long and cold, with temperatures rarely rising above freezing, and the nights never seem to end. Generalization-particular: Almost every house in Finland has one; Enumeration: …. In addition,
Discourse Activity—micro-structure
Micro-structure development
Problem
Illustration 1 Illustration 2
In Finland winters are long and cold How long? (brainstorming)
Setting:
Discourse Analysis
Lexical: antonym, synonym, repetition, collocation

Cohesion
Coherence Context
Grammatical: ellipsis, substitution, reference, conjunction
Coherence: macro-structure
Difficulty
..winters are long and cold; …have to cope with.. But the Finns have invented a way (a way of staying) warm and happy
(antonym,
synonym, repetition, collocation)
Cohesion (lexical)

Cold climate, hot habit In Finland winters are long and cold, with temperatures rarely rising above freezing,
How cold? (brainstorming)
(antonym, synonym,
repetition, collocation)
Cohesion (lexical)

Cold climate, hot habit In Finland winters are long and cold, with temperatures rarely rising above freezing,
the sun never rises.
But the Finns have invented a way of staying warm and happy—the sauna. Almost every house in Finland has one; in a country which numbers just five million inhabitants there are an estimated two million saunas.
Solution
Evaluation
Micro-structure
Problem
Illustration 1 Illustration 2
In Finland winters are long and cold with temperatures rarely rising above freezing, and the nights never seem to end In addition,…‘polar night‘
with the ‗polar night‘, a period of 51 days on end during which
(antonym, synonym, repetition,
collocation)
Cohesion (grammatical)
In Finland winters are long and cold, with temperatures rarely rising above freezing, and the nights never seem to end. In addition, those who live in the far north of the country have to cope with the ‗polar night‘, a period of 51 days on end during which the sun never rises. But the Finns have invented a way of staying warm and happy—the sauna. Almost every house in Finland has one; in a country which numbers just five million inhabitants there are an estimated two million saunas.
and the nights never seem to end. In addition, those who live in the far north of the country have to cope with the ‗polar night‘, a period of 51 days on end during which
Problem 2
Illustration
a period of 51 days on end
Rule of order
–particular: Almost every house in Finland has one; in a country…five million…two million…
Substitution, exohporic reference, anaphoric reference, cataphoric reference, conjunction
Coherence:
macro-structure
micro-structure
rule of order signals clause relations