[英语学习]新视野大学英语第一册第一课Section B
新视野大学英语第三版读写教程第一册Unit1答案
Key to ExercisesUnit 1Section APre-reading activities11B 2D 3C 4A 5E31 In fact all the pieces of advice mentioned in the interview are very useful. But if I have t choose one as the most useful, I’d choose “keep a balance”. When we were in high school, we spent almost all our time studying. There lacked a balance between social life and academic life in high school. It’s important to keep a balance between life and work because it will give us a sound mind in a sound body. Now we have much more free time, so we can join student organizations or go to different activities.2 Before I left for college my parents did have a talk with me. They told me how important college experience would be in my life. They told me about the opportunities that college education would open up to me. They told me to try to develop more interests and join some student clubs. The most impressive advice they gave me was that I should not only read books about my major; instead, they advised me to read as widely as possible. All these are very valuable pieces of advice.Scripts:Sarah: Hi I’m Sarah. I’m a student advisor at a university. I know the first year of college is always difficult. You have to adapt to a new environment, and learn to do everything on your own. To help make your transition just a little easier, I’m going to interview some senior students on campus let’s see what advice they can give you.Sarah: Hi Jennifer. What do you think is important to a freshman?Jennifer: I think it is very important to go to class regularly. It sounds easy, but oversleeping and missing that 8 o’clock morning class is very common. Try to go to class on time and regularly. You will learn the material in class, get to know the professors, and make friends with your classmates. You will also get important information from the professors about tests and exams.Sarah: Mark, do you agree with Jennifer?Mark: Absolutely. My advice is: Find a good place to study. It may be your dorm room or a corner of the library or a quiet classroom, but find a place that works best for you to get your work done. If you have trouble concentrating in your dorm, you need to find another place.Sarah: Nancy, what is our advice for freshmen?Nancy: “All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.” My advice is to get involved on campus. A big problem for a lot of new students is that they miss home and they don't have a sense of belonging. The solution is to join a student organization, or a club, or a sports team. You will make new friends, learn new skills, and feel more connected to your school.Sarah: Excellent advice, Nancy. Simon, it seems you have something to say.Simon: Yes, I do. Well, I want to say you should keep a balance. College life is a mixture of social life and academic life. Don’t join too many student organizations or go to too many activities. Otherwise, you won’t have enough time to study. Of course, you should not become a book worm. The key is to keep a balance between fun and study.Sarah: They all give very useful tips. But let me add a few more. Take responsibility for yourself and your actions; take advantage of the learning resources on campus; stay healthy and eat right.I hope you will get the most out of your college experience.Reading comprehensionUnderstanding the text11. The parents reminded their children to work hard and achieve the best they could.2. The president calls on the students to make the most of the great resources on campus: to explore new subjects, to meet fascinating people, and to pursue new passions.3. By saying “sample them widely”, the president mean students should try may different courses and try something new to see what it is like.4. If we don’t challenge ourselves, we will not become broadly educated people, and we may not find the passion that will help us shape our future.5. We can learn from the example of Vera Wang that we should challenge ourselves and by challenging ourselves, we are more likely to find an interest we don’t know we have, and this interest may help us build a prosperous future.6. We should not worry, and we should learn to face this new part of our life with enthusiasm. College experiences, pleasant or unpleasant, will provide us with valuable lessons which will enrich our life.7. The expression Now it is your turn” means that now it is time for you to acquire knowledge and to pass it on.8. The president’s welcoming speech is really impressive. He mentions many important things about college life , the resources available on campus, as well as the opportunities we have and the responsibilities we should take. The speech is very inspiring.Critical thinking1. A university education will play a very important role in my life, and it will benefit me in anumber of ways. In the university I can acquire specialized knowledge about my major, and develop critical thinking and research skills. I will have the opportunities to meet and shareideas with people of different minds. I can gain a broader view of the world by meeting people from diverse backgrounds and cultures. And I will start my life journey of self-discovery, self-improvement, and self-fulfillment.2.Yes, absolutely. With a university education, a person will have more freedom and thereforemore choices. This education experience provides unlimited potential. Moreover, a university education provides the means for one to succeed. Not only will a person obtain knowledge and skills essential for his career development, but he will also develop an independent mind and be able to make right decisions on his own.3.I admire those who dropped out of university and yet have made fame for themselves byachieving big goals. Some people use those successful college dropouts as counterexamples to show their belief that a person can succeed even without a university education. Chances are that most people do not have the same mind, talent, determination, or opportunities as Bill Gates, Steve Jobs, and Mark Zuckerberg did; therefore, they might not be able to achieve success without having a university education. In fact, a university education will equip them with the necessary knowledge and skills which will help them to succeed.4.Nowadays education is getting more and more expensive, especially college education. Andthere are people who choose to give up education because of the high cost. But without education, one would not be able to acquire knowledge that an education will offer. In other words, they would be “ignorant”. The result would be that ignorant people will suffer even more or pay even more for being so. It is true that education is expensive, but if you try “ignorance”, the cost would be even higher5.To sample widely and challenge myself, I am going to venture out of my comfort zone and dowhat I have not had the courage to do. For instance, I will make friends with people from diverse backgrounds and cultures. I will take a swimming class and learn how to swim. I will attend unconventional lectures, join student clubs, and try all kinds of food. Most of all, I will do whatever it takes to make the most of the four years and try to become a well-rounded graduate.Language focusWords in use31 confidence2 explore3 emerged4 assume5 pose6 comprehensive7 resources 8 yield 9 inherited 10 transmitWord building4Words learned new words formed-uncover uncovereasy uneasyload unload-antapply applicant resist resistant account accountant -ifysimple amplify note notify quality qualify class classify51.classified2.assist3.resistant4.uncovered5.uneasy6.qualify7.unloading8.applicants9.simplified10.accountant11.notifiedBanked cloze61 D2 H 3A 4B 5M 6 F 7O 8 I 9 G 10 JExpressions in use71.got by2.make the most of3.in advance4.over time5.reap the benefits of6.all at once7.remind… of8.stand a chance of9.open the door to10.take pleasure inStructure analysis and writingStructure analysis8Topic S: Let me share with you something that you may not expect.Detail 1: You will miss your old routines and your parents’ reminders to work hard and attain your best.Detail 2: You may have cried tears of joy to be finally finished with high school, and your parents may have cried tears of joy to be finally finished with doing your laundry!Concluding S: But know this: the future is built on a strong foundation of the past.Structured writing9There are some things you can do to succeed in college. First, pursue passions. Your passions will broaden your mind and make your life interesting. Second, never let go of any opportunities that come your way. College is full of unique opportunities, which will enable you to sample new things and meet wonderful people. Lastly, take responsibilities. In college you must learn to be responsible for your own decisions and actions. With the passions, the opportunities, and the ability to take responsibilities, you will become successful not only in college, but also in your future career.Translation10苏格拉底是古希腊哲学家，被誉为现代西方哲学的奠基人。
新视野大学英语读写教程(第二版)第一册课文翻译 (1)
新视野大学英语读写教程（第二版）第一册课文翻译Unit 1 Section A学外语1.学习外语是我一生中最艰苦也是最有意义的经历之一。
虽然时常遭遇挫折，但却非常有价值。
2.我学外语的经历始于初中的第一堂英语课。
老师很慈祥耐心，时常表扬学生。
由于这种积极的教学方法，我踊跃回答各种问题，从不怕答错。
两年中，我的成绩一直名列前茅。
3.到了高中后，我渴望继续学习英语。
然而，高中时的经历与以前大不相同。
以前，老师对所有的学生都很耐心，而新老师则总是惩罚答错的学生。
每当有谁回答错了，她就会用长教鞭指着我们，上下挥舞大喊：“错！错！错！”没有多久，我便不再渴望回答问题了。
我不仅失去了回答问题的乐趣，而且根本就不想再用英语说半个字。
4.好在这种情况没持续多久。
到了大学，我了解到所有学生必须上英语课。
与高中老师不同，大学英语老师非常耐心和蔼，而且从来不带教鞭！不过情况却远不尽如人意。
由于班大，每堂课能轮到我回答的问题寥寥无几。
上了几周课后，我还发现许多同学的英语说得比我要好得多。
我开始产生一种畏惧感。
虽然原因与高中时不同，但我却又一次不敢开口了。
看来我的英语水平要永远停步不前了。
5.直到几年后我有机会参加远程英语课程，情况才有所改善。
这种课程的媒介是一台电脑、一条电话线和一个调制解调器。
我很快配齐了必要的设备并跟一个朋友学会了电脑操作技术，于是我每周用5到7天在网上的虚拟课堂里学习英语。
6.网上学习并不比普通的课堂学习容易。
它需要花许多的时间，需要学习者专心自律，以跟上课程进度。
我尽力达到课程的最低要求，并按时完成作业。
7.我随时随地都在学习。
不管去哪里，我都随身携带一本袖珍字典和笔记本，笔记本上记着我遇到的生词。
我学习中出过许多错，有时是令人尴尬的错误。
有时我会因挫折而哭泣，有时甚至想放弃。
但我从未因别的同学英语说得比我快而感到畏惧，因为在电脑屏幕上作出回答之前，我可以根据自己的需要花时间去琢磨自己的想法。
突然有一天我发现自己什么都懂了，更重要的是，我说起英语来灵活自如。
第三版 新视野大学英语Unit 1 Section BPPT精选文档
Previewing skills
Read the first sentence of each remaining paragraph.
Most of the time, the first sentence of a paragraph. Most of the time, the first sentence of a paragraph is the topic sentence; in other words, it tells the main idea of that paragraph.
Previewing
Look at Text B. Read only the title, the first paragraph, the first sentences of paragraphs 2-8, and the last paragraph. Make predictions about the following questions.
Section B What we wish
Reading skills
Presentation of the skill Reading skill practice
Previewing
Previewing means that you get an idea of what the reading material is about wile text.
Previewing skills
Read the last paragraph.
It usually provides the summary of the article and leaves the reader with some thoughts on the topic. As you read it, ask
新视野大学英语第一册第一课Section B
According to your own experience, “snake”means “move in a long winding line through central Rome （像蛇那样蜿蜒前进）
Reading Skill
5）Sentences before or after a sentence that has a difficult word sometimes explain the meaning of the word.
3. be open-minded about: keep one’s mind open to 从心里乐于接受（L.7）
We are open-minded about any good suggestion associated with the English learning. 对任何与英语学习相关的好建议我们都 乐于接受。
我父母亲对于这个问题相当开通。
My parents are quite open-minded Practice about this subject.
4.reflect（L.12）
reflect on / upon: think deeply about 考虑， 认真思考
I reflected on possible reasons for my failure.
Reading Skill
4）Sometimes you can use your own experiences to figure out the definition of a word.
Example
They were puzzled to see that the tractor(拖拉机) was followed by about 200,000 women in a parading procession that took more than three hours to snake through central Rome.
新视野大学英语第一册Unit1-Section B
-The driver should be responsible for the traffic accident.
2.教育部负责教育。
- The Ministry of Education is responsible for education.
Matching game
我搞不清怎么走。
1.如果你有任何疑问, 请致电我办公室。
- If you’re confused about anything, phone my office.
2.所有的走廊看上去都一个样，他完全糊涂了。
- All the corridors looked the same and he felt thoroughly confused.
1. How did you come to the college? 2. Were your parents with you when you came to the college? 3. Was it the first time for you to be in the college? 4. How do you feel about the people here? 5. How do you like the school and your dorm?
CONTENTS
Introduction
The text is about the writer’s first-day experience of going to college. As a new college student, he has many things to adjust to. However, he likes the college life for the following reasons. Firstly, going to college gives him a sense of responsibility, and a sense of being on himself as well. Secondly, at the college, people are very friendly and helpful. He can make a lot of friends too.
新视野第三版大学英语读写课程Book1 Unit1 Section B
Use the text itself, and any pictures or illustrations that confirm (or adjust) predictions made during reading.
.
Make adjustments based on your reading of the text, confirm (or adjust) predictions made before the reading.
feelings of anxiety, frustration, and loneliness. As you struggle to fit into your new environment, you can’t help but miss the
familiarity of home.
• What you’re feeling is perfectly normal and common: You’re
.
to be continued
Inspiring your thoughts
Reading skill
• Read carefully. Try to confirm or adjust your predictions.
.
Inspiring your thoughts
Reading skill
Pre -reading
Duringt will come up in the text based on your prior knowledge with the topic.
your predictions. Share your predictions with your partners. 2. Read the passage carefully. Check whether your predictions
新视野大学英语 Unit1 sectionB
Desalination, or the removal of salt from seawater, is a method of providing fresh water for business, home, and agricultural use. “The removal of salt from seawater” is the definition of “desalination”.
to be continued
随
笔
Practice
课文
自测
NHCE
There are other ways to help you find out word meanings in context. Please try and use the skills in your reading.
随
笔
Practice
This practice is designed to help you get a deeper insight into the skill for this unit.
NHCE
课文
自测
Finding out Word Meanings
Hi, everyone. We’ve come to Section B. This section deals with Reading Skills wherein we will introduce several important reading skills one by one. You should take care to read the explanation of each specific skill, which has been written in clear, easy-to-understand words. And through Reading Passage B we will let you see how each skill is applied to a particular passage.
新视野大学英语第一册Unit1ppt课件
Words in use
back
explore
transmit
resource emerge yield
pose assume confidence inherit comprehensive
7. It is well known that China is a country with rich natural __re_s_o_u_r_c_es__ and a very big population.
2. It is so difficult to __e_x_p_l_o_re___ the bottom of the ocean because some parts are very deep.
3. It was about 30 seconds before Alex __em__e_rg_e_d___ from the water; we were quite scared. .
New Horizon College English Book I (Third Edition)
Key to Unit One
.
Contents
Section A Toward a bright future for all
Section B What we wish
.
Contents
Section A
3. Changes have been made to the construction requirements in this city in order to make the buildings and highways more __r_e_si_s_ta_n_t__ to earthqua. kes.
新视野大学英语第一册unit1讲义
Unit1 Section A Learning a Foreign LanguagePart1 Pre-reading ActivitiesIntroduce the theme of “learning a foreign language” by showing Ss the title of the text. Ask students following questions about ways of learning a foreign language (show them on the screen).1.How do you usually learn a foreign language?➢Class Learning➢Online Learning➢Self learning2. Do you know what is online learning?Reference:He was nominated for the best actor award.他获得最佳男演员奖提名。
2. [U] the official decision to give sth (such as a DIPLOMA) to sb（毕业证书等的）授予：He was awarded the Nobel Prize for literature.他被授予最佳诺贝尔文学奖。
【词义辨析1】award, reward这三个词都可以作名词。
award意为“奖、奖品”，为可数名词，指对某些突出的成就给与的奖励，其奖品可以是钱或物。
reward 意为“酬劳，奖赏”，可作为可数名词或不可数名词，通常指对工作、服务的酬劳，帮人尊回失物或捉拿罪犯等功劳的奖赏。
prize意为“奖金,奖品，奖赏”，其意义几乎与award相同，但语气不如award不正式。
The award fo r this year’s best actress went to her.她是今年的最佳女演员得主。
Section B新视野第一册第一单元
Note: It is critical that + 主语 + (should) + do/be done…
BOOK1
Unit1
e.g.
It is critical that you (should) keep up with the progress of an online course. 跟上网络课程的进度十分重要。 Other words with the same usage: It is important/necessary/essential/decisive/vital/ that + 主语 + (should) +do/be done... Example: It is important that students (should) attend all the classes. Practice
BOOK1
Unit1
2. This forum for communication removes the visual barriers that hinder some students from expressing themselves. (L9)
Paraphrase
As a platform for communication, the online method doesn’t require people to see each other. 这一交流场所消除了一些学生自我表达的视觉 So some students won’t feel it difficult to express 障碍。 their ideas.
Use it
Do you think that everyone is aware of his/ her weaknesses?
新视野大学英语读写1第一课SectionB市公开课获奖课件省名师示范课获奖课件
11
Reading Skills
3. By the opposite of the word
e.g.
Jane was talking with others while Eliza remained reticent all the time.
11
Reading Skills
6. By examples
e.g.
Select any of these periodicals: Times, Newsweek or Reader’s Digest.
q Key
a magazine which comes out at regular times 期刊，杂志
1. Be open-minded about sharing life, work, and learning experiences as part of online learning.
2. Be able to communicate through writing. 3. Be willing to “speak up” if problems arise. 4. Take the program seriously. 5. Make critical thinking and decision part of online
A. collect C. learn
B. improve D. receive
4. Aristophanes said, “By words, the mind is excited and the spirit elated.”
A. filled with joy C. lifted
新视野大学英语第二版第一册Unit1单词语言点详解
11. online a. connected to other computers through the Intern联et线 的；联网的；在线的
He took an online course to improve his English. 他选了网上课程以提高英语水平。
Between small changes and big changes, the former is more likely. 在小变化和大变化两者之中，前者的可能性更大。
2
单词语言点详解 Unit 1 Book I
Given the choice between a whipeople would choose the former because green is not popular. 如果让大家选择是要白 T 恤还是绿 T 恤，大多数会选择前者，因为绿色不流行。
9. in midate vt. create a feeling of fea恐r 吓，威胁
They in midated him into doing what they wanted. 他们胁迫他干他们要干的事。
John in midated his brother into not telling their parents the truth. 约翰威胁他弟弟，不准他把真相告诉父母。
Mobile phone is an important means of communica on. 手机是重要的通讯工具。
Genera on gap arises from a lack of communica on between the young and the old. 代沟的产生是由于青老年间缺乏交流。
(完整版)新视野大学英语第三版读写教程Book1-Unit1-sectionB课文及翻译
Unit1What we wish我们的期望My dear child,我亲爱的孩子：You are about to participate in the next leg of yourjourney through life. For us, this part is bittersweet.As you go off to college, exciting new worlds willop en up to you. They will inspire and challenge you; you will grow in incredibl e ways.你即将踏上人生的下一段旅程。
这让我们感到喜忧参半。
当你离家、步入大学的校门，激动人心的崭新世界将会展现在你面前。
这将带给你鼓舞，也会使你面临挑战；你将获得更大的进步与成长。
This is also a moment of sadness. Your departure to college makes it unden iably clear thatyou are no longer a child. There has been no greater joy than watching you arrive at thismoment. You have turned our greatest challenge i nto our greatest pride. Although we havebrought you to this point, it is hard to watch you depart. Remember above all things, we willmiss you.这也是令人伤感的时刻。
离家去上大学就明确意味着你不再是个孩子了。
没有什么比看到你走到今天这一步更令我们欣喜的了。
你曾经是我们最大的挑战，现在却成为我们最大的骄傲。
新视野大学英语第二版读写教程第一册答案(unit1-10)(含翻译)
5. He wants her to give up working and stay home to look after the children. She feels, however, that this is too much for her.
2. Allan Clark kept talking the price up, while Wilkinson kept knocking it down.
3. The husband spent all his money drinking, while his wife saved all hers for the family.
Section B Reading Skills 1. 1.C 2.B 3.D 4. A 5. B
Comprehension of the Text II. 1.C 2.A 3.B 4.C 5.D 6.B 7.C 8.D
Vocabulary 1. community 2. effective 3. unique 4. committed 5. reinforce 6. perspective 7. explicit 8. challenge 9. hindered 10. arose
新视野大学英语第二版读写教程第一册答案
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新视野大学英语第二版读写教程第一册答案 新视野大学英语（ 新视野大学英语（第 2 版）第 1 册
Unit 1 答案 III.
新视野大学英语unit1 sectionB的课件
eg: The house has been lovingly restored to the way it looked in 1900 when it was built. 这房子已被精心修复 到1900年它建造时的样子。
1.vi. gradually disappear 逐渐消失 eg: Opposition to the government melted away. 对政府
的反对消失了。
2.v.become or make sth. become liquid as a result of heating （使）融化；（使）熔化
behave
vi. act in a particular way 举动；表现 eg: Whenever there was a full moon he would start
behaving strangely. 只要是有全月，他的举止就会开始 变得怪异了。 Ps: behavior n. 行为，举止，态度；
n.快乐，愉快，开朗
eg: She has brought some sunshine into my life.她给我 的生活带来了几分快乐。
Words：
bathe
vi. swim in the sea, a river, or a lake 游泳 eg: I like to bathe in the sea. 我喜欢在大海里游泳。 v. (BrE bath) wash oneself or sb. else in a bath （给...）
新视野大学英语第三版读写1sectionB的翻译
Unit1What we wish我们的期望My dear child,我亲爱的孩子：You are about to participate in the next leg of yourjourney through life. For us, this part is bittersweet.As you go off to college, exciting new worlds willop en up to you. They will inspire and challenge you; you will grow in incredibl e ways.你即将踏上人生的下一段旅程。
这让我们感到喜忧参半。
当你离家、步入大学的校门，激动人心的崭新世界将会展现在你面前。
这将带给你鼓舞，也会使你面临挑战；你将获得更大的进步与成长。
This is also a moment of sadness. Your departure to college makes it unden iably clear thatyou are no longer a child. There has been no greater joy than watching you arrive at thismoment. You have turned our greatest challenge i nto our greatest pride. Although we havebrought you to this point, it is hard to watch you depart. Remember above all things, we willmiss you.这也是令人伤感的时刻。
离家去上大学就明确意味着你不再是个孩子了。
没有什么比看到你走到今天这一步更令我们欣喜的了。
你曾经是我们最大的挑战，现在却成为我们最大的骄傲。
新视野大学英语第四版Unit1sectionB教案
Unit1 Section BWhy do smart people do dumb things? Objectives:➢To master the reading skill➢To understand the text➢To practice the phrases and patterns➢To learn about writing a survey reportContents :Warming upReading skillsText studyComparative studyUnit ProjectWarming-upLead-in video watching1. What are the two examples of Sunk Costs Fallacy?2. According to the speaker, what is Sunk Costs FallacyBackground Information●Cognitive Bias- A cognitive bias is a pattern of deviation in judgment that occursin particular situations, leading to perceptual distortion, inaccurate judgment, illogical interpretation, or what is broadly called irrationality. Many cognitive biases (认知偏差) are often studied for how they affect business and economic decisions and how they affect scientific and experimental researches.●Fundamental Attribution Error-A Fundamental Attribution Error (基本归因错误)is a cognitive bias in social psychology. It refers to the tendency to judge a person in an unpleasant situation in a bad light and attribute his behavior to internal causes and qualities rather than consider the situation or circumstances that may have caused the person to behave in that manner. But, if we ourselves made the same errors, we would easily attribute the causes to external factors.●Confirmation Bias-A Confirmation Bias (确定性偏差) is a cognitive bias wherebyone tends to notice and look for information that confirms one’s existing beliefs, whilst ignoring anything that contradicts those beliefs. It is a type of selective thinking. For example: After having bought a piece of clothing, you will look for the same clothing in a more expensive store to confirm that you have bought a bargain.Reading skillsSkimming is a method of rapidly moving the eyes over a text with the purpose of getting themain idea or a general overview of its content. For example, many people skim read a newspaperarticle just to get a quick overview, or a text to see whether it’s worth reading in detail. The keyword for skimming is “general”.Steps to help you to skim an article1 Read the title –it is the shortest possible summary of the content of the article.2 Read the introduction or lead-in paragraph(s).3 Read any sub-headings, and identify the relationships between them.4 Read the first sentence of each remaining paragraph; the main idea of most paragraphsappears in the first sentencePracticeSkim Text B to find answers to the following questions.1 What is this text mainly about?2 What common cognitive biases can causesmart people to make bad decisions?3 How can we avoid being affected byvarious types of cognitive biases whenmaking a decision?Text StudyText Comprehension1.What is the traditional view about smart people according to Paragraph 1? (Para. 1)Smart people, by virtue of what they’ve learned, will formulate better decisions.2.What is the most typical characteristic of the fundamental attribution error? (Para.3)One of the most common biases is what is known as the fundamental attribution error. Through this people attribute the ______________ to _____________ and their own to ________________, subconsciously considering their own characters to be ________.3.What will you be affected if you are only interested in evidence that is in agreement with your ownbelief? (Para.5)The confirmation bias.5.Why does the availability bias leads to strange and inaccurate conclusions? (Para.8)Because it causes people to use evidence that is not so convincing and strong.6.Why don’t people want to leave a bad investment situation and commit the sunk costfallacy? (Para.11)Because they don’t want their previous investments to be wasted.7. What is the purpose of this text?The purpose of this text is try to help us learn about cognitive biases and be better at decision-making.Text SummaryPsychologists have uncovered cognitive biases are common to all people. One of the most common biases is_fundamental attribution error_. Through this people attribute the failures of others to character flaws and their own to mere __circumstance. __Confirmation_ bias is found together with fundamental attribution error. This one has two parts. First, people tend to gather and rely upon information that only confirms their existing views. Second, people avoid or veto things that refute their _pre-existing hypotheses__________. Similar to confirmation bias is the __overconfidence bias, Which means we could be correct 100 percent of the time we were ___100 percent sure_ about something, ____correct 80 percent__ of the time we were 80 percent sure about something. The availability bias is also related to _errors___ in estimation, In action this bias might lead someone to cancel a trip because of a report that the _biggest plane crash in history happened there_. The sunk cost fallacy can lead people to stay in damaging situations. The key to avoiding these biases remains the same: Rely on ___watertight logic__________, carefully examine the evidence and _____remain aware_______!Practical phrasesFunctional patterns。
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Reading Skill
6）Some sentences are written just to give the definitions of the difficult words—words that readers will need to know in order to understand what they are reading. Example
v. 扩大，扩张
2.aware（L.3）
常用搭配：
become / be aware of+n./ noun phrase
be aware +that clause
I’m quite aware of how you feel about this problem. 我很清楚你对这个问题的感受。 I gradually became aware that there was someone in the room. 我渐渐意识到房间里有人。
Understanding of the Text
home
1. expand（L.3）
v. 膨胀
Metals expand with heat and contract with cold. 金属热胀冷缩。
随着年龄的增大，孩子们的兴趣变得 更加广泛。
Practice
As children grow older, they expand their interests.
Reading Skill
2）Sometimes helping words, along with punctuation, provide important clues.
Exaple are not avoiding work; strictly speaking, they are merely procrastinating — delaying their work.
这些社会问题并非这个国家所独有。
4. be open-minded about: keep one’s mind open to 从心里乐于接受（L.7）
We are open-minded about any good suggestion associated with the English learning. 对任何与英语学习相关的好建议我们都 乐于接受。 我父母亲对于这个问题相当开通。
Reading Skill
The particular reading skill introduced in this unit will help you to find word meanings through many different ways. In the text we list as many as 9 different ways of finding out a word’s meaning which you may not be familiar with.
我仔细反省导致我失败的种种原因。
Practice
她觉得需要一些时间来考虑下一步 该怎么办。 She felt she needed time to reflect upon what to do next.
词语辨析： Think &
二者均表示“思索，思考”。
reflect
think 是一般用语，指某人思考、探求某个问题， 以便采取正确的行动。
Reading Skill
3）Some sentences tell the opposite of what a new word means. From its opposite, you can figure out the meaning of the word.
Example
If we desire to get rid of the slovenliness of our English we can think carefully and clearly before expressing ourselves in it.
Example
Today young couples who are just starting their households often spend lots of their money on appliances, for instance, washing machines, refrigerators and color televisions.
Practice
Reading Skill
8）Some sentences use a word you do know to help explain a word you do not know. Example The medical use of some drugs should be carefully regulated by doctors because they are addictive or habit-forming.
6. critical（L.15）
常用搭配：
It is / was critical that …(should) do… 做……是非常重要的 在本句型中应用虚拟 语气。 be critical of sth: 对……挑剔 It was critical that he keep up with the flow of the online course.
跟上网络课程的进度是非常重要的。
Don’t be critical of him; he is a beginner.
不要对他挑剔，他是个初学者。
7.feel (un)comfortable doing sth.: 感到做某事（别扭）不别扭 (L.15)
(可替代comfortable 的词有：uneasy, happy, content, pleased, delighted等) Because of her easy and sweet manners, many boys feel happy chatting with her.
Reading Skill
1 ） Some sentences set off(mark off) the definition for a difficult word by using p u n c t u a t i o n ( 标 点 符 号 ) . Example : The period of adolescence, the period between childhood and adulthood, may be long or short, depending on the social and on society’s definition.
reflect 的语气较强，指某人很冷静，很认真的反复 思考某个问题，特别是研究已经发生的事情。如：
Think before you act. 先思而后行。
On my way home, I reflected on how selfish I had been to act like that.
在回家的路上，我想我那样做是多么自私。
…that I could communicate with many more people than before. Talking with people is one of my favorite activities.
Reading Skill
7）Because some sentences give examples for a new word, you can build a definition.
Explanation
According to your own experience, “snake”means “move in a long winding line through central Rome （像蛇那样蜿蜒前进）
Reading Skill
5）Sentences before or after a sentence that has a difficult word sometimes explain the meaning of the word.
The town is very unique in its beautiful and quiet environment.
None of these social problems are unique to this country.
a. being the only one of its type
Practice
Reading Skill
9）Word part clues—stems(词干) and affixes(词缀) also help to find out word meaning.
Example
With many factors unforeseeable, there is no reason for us to show a sweeping optimism about our plan.
Unit
Section B
Key to Successful Online Learning
Content
Reading Skill
Understanding of the Text
Test yourself
Post-reading Activity
For fun
Reading Skill
Finding Out Word Meanings The section deals with Reading Skills. In this section, we will introduce the important reading skills one by one. You should take care to read the explanation of each specific skill, which has been written in clear, easy-to-understand language. And we’ll use Reading Passages B and C to let you see each skill applied to a particular passage.