英译汉的语序调整

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拉比先生说：“这次重大发现告 诉我们两点：一是中国当时已是 个从事工业化生产的国家；二是 中国已不再生产陶瓷殉葬品 了。”
间接引语的翻译
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Its cargo confirmed that a huge volume of trade was taking place along a maritime route, said Heidi Tan, a curator at the Asian Civilizations Museum and a curator of the exhibition.
英译汉
语序问题:定语，状语， 同位语，引语的处理
2016.5
Lorem Ipsum Dolor
英语：主谓在前，定状补居后。 We will take into account the practical needs of the other parties on the basis of voluntarism, equality and mutual benefit. 汉语：状补在前，定语在前，主谓在后。 如：我们将在自愿、平等、互利的基础上，考虑对方的实际需求。
间接引语也是某某说居前，只是不用引 号。
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亚洲文明博物馆馆长和此次展览的负责人谭海迪说，船上 的货物证实当年大量贸易是通过海路进行的。
汉语的特点：
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在什么时间什么地点，什么样的人做了什么样的事情。这 个事情说明了什么。
Practice
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Madeira is more than 500 kilometers from the African coast and is officially one of the “outermost regions” of the European Union.
间接引语
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葡萄牙政府的一位女发言人星期 五说，马德拉岛现在就可能采取 行动，执行这项禁令。
Lorem Ipsum Dolor Individual European countries and regions have banned certain genetically modified crops before.
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某些欧洲国家和地区过去也曾禁 种某些转基因作物。
奥地利、法国、意大利等国的许 多消费者和农民认为转基因作物 有潜在危害，可能污染有机食 品。
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非限定性关系从句，同位语，定语
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But the case of Madeira represents a significant landmark, because it is the first time the Commission, which runs the day-to-day affairs of the European Union, has permitted a country to impose such a sweeping and definitive rejection of the technology.
Practice
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Mr. Raby said, “The size of the find gives us a sense of two things: a sense of China as a country already producing things on an industrialized scale and also a China that is no longer producing ceramics to bury.”
汉语中：某某说永远居前
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亚瑟 M 萨克乐美术馆馆长朱利安 拉比说：“这个展览告 诉我们在全球化进程中的一个特殊时刻发生的事情。它生 动地再现了辛巴达航海去中国发大财的故事。它表明九世 纪的世界并不像我们过去所认为的那样处于隔裂状态。当 时有两个出口大国：一个是东方的大唐帝国，另一个是位 于巴格达的阿巴斯王朝。”
英汉语序的特点
定语和状语的处理
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For more than a decade, archaeologists and historians have been studying the contents of a ninth-century Arab dhow that was discovered in 1998 off Indonesia’s Belitung Island.
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然而，马德拉岛的情况却成为一个重要标志，因为这是作 为处理欧盟日常事务机构的欧盟委员会第一次允许一个国 家全面、明确地拒绝这项技术。
主语的补充
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The Madeirans’ main concerns focused on preserving the archipelago’s biodiversity and its forest of subtropical laurel trees. Such forests were once widespread on the European mainland, but were wiped out thousands of years ago during an earlier period of climate change.
逻辑连接词的应用
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虽地处边远，去年马德拉岛却成 为欧盟农业和环保事务的中心议 题，当时葡萄牙要求欧盟委员会 允许其颁布一项前所未有的禁 令，禁止在岛上种植生物技术作 物。
-ing分词的翻译
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Last week, the Commission quietly let the deadline pass for opposing Portugal’s request, allowing Madeira, which is one of Portugal’s autonomous regions, to become the first EU territory to get formal permission from Brussels to remain entirely free of genetically modified organisms.
Lorem Ipsum Dolor
悬垂结构凸显与主语的逻 辑关系，但信息处于次要 地位，所以先译出主语。
这次展览由新加坡当地的亚洲文明博物馆 和华盛顿的亚瑟 M 萨克乐美术馆共同主 办，并将在今后五、六年内在世界各地博 物馆巡展。
直接引语的翻译:信息的层次
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”This exhibition tells us a story about an extraordinary moment in globalization,“ said Julian Raby, Director of the Arthur M. Sackler Gallery. “It brings to life the tale of Sinbad sailing to China to make his fortune. It shows us that the world in the ninth century was not as fragmented as we assumed. There were two great export powers: the Tang in the East and the Abbasid based in Baghdad.”
汉语：时间状语、地点状语居前
1998年，在印度尼西亚勿里洞岛附近发现了一艘沉没的九世纪阿 拉伯单桅帆船。 十多年来，考古学家和历史学家一直在研究船上装载的货物。
Lorem Ipsum Dolor
定语从句
The sea-cucumber divers who found the wreck had no idea that it eventually would be considered one of the most important maritime discoveries of the late 20th century.
Lorem Ipsum Dolor 遵从汉语习惯，定语置于名词前。
发现该沉船的捕捞海参潜水员万万 没想到，这艘沉船最终会被看作20 世纪末叶海上最重大的发现之一。
Lorem Ipsum Dolor
同位语
The dhow was carrying a rich cargo— 60,000 ceramic pieces and an array of gold and silver works—and its discovery has confirmed how significant trade was along a maritime silk road between Tang Dynasty China and Abbasid Iraq.
Many consumers and farmers in countries like Austria, France and Italy regard the crops as potentially dangerous and likely to contaminate organically produced food.
Lorem Ipsum Dolor
先译主要信息， 说明性信息置 后。
勿里洞岛沉船中的物品在新落成的艺术科 学博物馆展出。这座莲花状博物馆有莫什 萨斯迪设计，展览题为：”沉船中的唐代 珍宝与季风“。 名为“沉船中的唐代珍宝与季风”的勿里 洞岛沉船物品展览在艺术科学博物馆展 出。该博物馆新近落成，呈莲花形状，由 莫什萨斯迪设计。
同位语的处理：增加说明性词语
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这艘单桅帆船满载货物，包括六万件瓷器，还有各种各样 的金银制品。
它的发现证明，中国唐代与伊拉克阿巴斯王朝通过海上丝 绸之路进行的贸易何等重要。
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名称+形容词定语的译法
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“Shipwrecked:Tang Treasures and Monsoon Winds” at the new, lotus-shaped Art Science Museum designed by Moshe Sadie presents items from the Belitung wreck.
Lorem Ipsum Dolor
Practice
距非洲海岸500多公里的马德拉岛是欧盟 官方认定的“最边远地区”之一。
信息层次与逻辑关系
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Despite that far-flung status, Madeira catapulted into the center of the Union’s agricultural and environmental affairs last year when Portugal asked the European Commission for permission to impose an unprecedented ban on growing biotech crops there.
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上周欧盟委员会悄悄地拖过了反对葡萄牙请求的最后期 限，这使作为葡萄牙自治地区之一的马德拉岛成为布鲁塞 尔正式允许继续全面禁止转基因作物的第一块欧盟领土。
ຫໍສະໝຸດ Baidu
Lorem Ipsum Dolor
间接引语
Madeira will probably go ahead and implement the ban, a spokeswoman for the Portugese government said Friday.
Lorem Ipsum Dolor
过去分词的悬垂 结构
Curated by the Asian Civilizations Museum here in Singapore and the Arthur M. Sackler Gallery in Washington, the show is expected to travel to museums around the world over the next five to six years.