(英语)英语定语从句试题经典及解析

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11.— Where is the School English Speech Contest going to be held tonight?
— I’m not sure. Is it in the hall _____ can hold 300 people?
A.whereB.what
C.thatD.when
点睛:限制性定语从句中只能用that引导定语从句的几种情况:
当先行词是everything, anything, nothing(something除外), all, none, few, little, some等不定代词时,或当先行词受every, any, all, some, no, little, few, much等词修饰时。如:
【考点定位】考查定语从句。
7.Theaters may have a brighter future if they can provide a movie experience
people cannot get at home.
A.thatB.whoC.whomD.what
【答案】A
【解析】
试题分析:句意:如果剧院可以提供人们在家无法获得的电影经历,它们会有一个光明的未来。此处修饰先行词experience的定语从句,并且作为动词get的宾语,故此处用关系代词that,故选A。
2.Shirley is the girl ______ taught me how to use Wechat(微信).
A.whomB.whichC.who
【答案】C
【解析】
句意:雪莉是教会我如何使用微信的一个女孩。whom修饰人,在定语从句中作宾语或表语;which修饰事物,在定语从句中主语或宾语,或表语。who修饰人,在定语从句作主语,宾语或表语。此处作为定语从句的主语,修饰the girl,故用who。故选C。
5.Being blind is something _________ most people can’t imagine.
A.whoB.whatC.thatD.whom
【答案】C
【解析】
先行词是something,关系代词用that。
【考点】定语从句引导词。
6.Do you know the mansaved three pupils in the accident?
(英语)英语定语从句试题经典及解析
一、定语从句
1.--Which is your new neighbor, Liu Hua? --The man _______ T-shirt is red.
A.thatB.whoC.whichD.whose
【答案】D
【解析】
【分析】
考点:考查连词辨析。
【详解】
试题分析:句意:——李华,哪个是你的新邻居?——T恤是红色的那个男士。男士的T恤,表示所有关系,用关系词whose,故选D。
1)who, whom, that这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词,在从句中所起作用如下:
Is he the man who/that wants to see you?他就是想见你的人吗?(who/that在从句中作主语)
He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday.他就是我昨天见的那个人。(whom/that在从句中作宾语)
当先行词人与物时。如:Look at the man and his donkey that are walking up the street.
当先行词是reason, way(方法)等词时,关系代词常用that代替in which, for which, why,也常可省略。如:She admired the way(that)they solved the questions.
考点:考查定语从句的用法。
8.Sweet wormwood(青蒿)is a common plant in China and Tu Youyou is the woman _________used the special power of the plant to save __________lives.
Have you set down everything that Mr Li said? There seems to be nothing that is impossible to him in the world.注意:当先行词指人时,偶尔也可用关系代词who。如:Any man that / who has a sense of duty won’t do such a thing.任何有责任感的人都不会做这样的事。All the guests that / who were invited to her wedding were important people.所有被邀请参加婚礼的客人都是重要人物。2.当先行词被序数词修饰时。如:The first American movie that I watched was the Titanic. 3.当先行词被形容词最高级修饰时。如:This is the best museumthat I have visited all my life. 4.当先行词被the very, the only, the first / last等修饰时。如:She is the only person that understands me.注意:当先行词指人时,偶尔也可以用关系代词who。如:
2)whose用来指人或物,(只用作定语,若指物,它还可以同of which互换),例如:
They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down.那人车坏了,大家都跑过去帮忙。
3)which, that它们所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词,在从句中可作主语、宾语等。
3)which, that它们所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词,在从句中可作主语、宾语等。
4)关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词,在从句中作状语。关系副词when, where, why的含义相当于"介词+ which"结构,因此常常和"介词+ which"结构交替使用,例如:Beijing is the place where(in which)I was born.北京是我的出生地。
【答案】C
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
句意:--学校英语口语比赛今晚将在哪里举行? --我不确定。是在能容纳300人的大礼堂吗?
where作定语从句的地点状语;when充当定语从句中时间状语;what充当名词性从句中的主语、宾语和表语。此处作为先行词the hall的定语从句,这个定语从句中缺少主语,故用代词that来充当。故选C。
A. that先行词是人或物,B. who先行词是人;C. where先行词是地点名词。本句先行词是fire,指物,在Байду номын сангаас语从句中作主语,关系代词用which/that。故答案为A。
【点睛】
在定语从句中,关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词,并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。关系代词在定语从句中作主语时,从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。
A.whoB.itC.whomD.whose
【答案】A
【解析】
试题分析:句意:你认识在事故中救了三个小孩的人吗?定语从句中,先行词指人时,用关系词who(作主语),whom(作宾语),that;先行词指事物时,用关系词that/which。本题中,先行词the man指人,在从句中作主语,用关系词who,故选A。
4.I will never forget the fire ______________ happened in Shanghai last year.
A.whenB.where
C.whatD.which
【答案】D
【解析】
【分析】
考点:考查定语从句。
【详解】
试题分析:句意:我将永远不会忘记去年上海发生的火灾。先行词the fire是物,故其定语从句要用which引导。what不引导定语从句;when先行词是时间;where先行词是地点;根据题意,故选D。
关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词,在从句中作状语。
关系副词when, where, why的含义相当于"介词+ which"结构,因此常常和"介词+ which"结构交替使用,例如:
Beijing is the place where(in which)I was born.北京是我的出生地。
10.On Monday April 15,2019,the fire_______broke out in Notre Dame Cathedral in Paris shocked the world.
A.thatB.whoC.where
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】
句意:2019年4月15日,周一,巴黎圣母院发生的大火震惊了全世界。
【点睛】
在定语从句中,关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词,并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。关系代词在定语从句中作主语时,从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。
1)who, whom, that这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词,在从句中所起作用如下:
Is he the man who/that wants to see you?他就是想见你的人吗?(who/that在从句中作主语)
9.The book ___ I read last night was fantastic.
A.thatB.whatC.whoseD.who
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】
句意:我昨晚读的那本书真是太棒了。此句考查定语从句的关系词。A. that先行词是人或物,在从句中作主语或宾语;B. what不能引导定语从句;C. whose先行词是人或物,在从句中作定语;D. who先行词是人,在从句中作主语或宾语。本句的先行词book指物,用that来引导,故答案为A。
12.We have decided to sell five things ________ we no longer use.
A.thatB.whereC.who
【答案】A
He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday.他就是我昨天见的那个人。(whom/that在从句中作宾语)
2)whose用来指人或物,(只用作定语,若指物,它还可以同of which互换),例如:
They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down.那人车坏了,大家都跑过去帮忙。
A.which, millions ofB.who, millions of
C.whose, million ofD.who, million of
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】
句意:青蒿是中国常见的一种植物,而屠呦呦是利用这种植物的特殊力量拯救数百万人生命的女人。考查定语从句的关系代词和数词短语。本句先行词the woman是人,关系词在定语从句中做主语,可知使用关系代词who;短语millions of:数以百万的;故选B。
Wang Hua is the only person in our school who will attend the meeting. 5.当先行词前面有who, which等疑问代词时。如:Who is the man that is standing in front of the crowd?站在人群前面的那个人是谁?Which is the room that Mr Wang lives in?哪一间是王先生住的房间?
3.This is the most beautiful picture __________ I have ever seen.
A.thatB.whichC.whatD.who
【答案】A
【解析】
句意:这是我见过的最漂亮的画。考查定语从句。先行词被最高级修饰时,引导词应用that。
结合句意和语境可知选A。
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