翻译技法-减词法

Affirmative Vs. Negative:(正反译法） • 1. 正说反译 ( “avoid, cease, deny, fail, hate, ignore, • E.g. 1.Such a chance
• • • • •
miss, overlook , pass, stop, above, instead of , beyond, from, off, etc.” 翻译时多要正说反译)
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英语是形合语言，词与词之间，分句与分句之间要靠连词联结，因此连词使用很 频繁。汉语是意合语言，分句间多靠意义联结。英语的连词在使用上有两 种情况：a. 同时兼有结构意义合所指意义； b. 只有结构意义而不具所指意 义。 英汉语连词往往不能等同：but 但， before 在…之前
介词译法
典型例句 1. Join us for lunch. 2. After you, sir. 3. Shut the door after you. 4. But we are getting ahead of the story. 5. I think the worst of the problem is behind us. 6. She is above personal grudges. 7. Children should be taught the difference between right and wrong. 介词是结构词，联结名词构成短语。介词汉译时有以下几种情况： 1. 起结构作用的介词不译 2. 同一介词既有具体意义又又抽象意义 3. 同样结构在不同的场合可能表意不同如 例句2 合3，表义强的要 具体翻译，有的是附加成分 4. 时间表达顺序上有时恰好和汉语 相反 如 2和4 ； 5. 值得注意的是英语介词有时起汉语动词作用， 又翻译成动词。如1 ,You look nice in blue.
省词法
一。连词的翻译法
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. She has to do all the cleaning and washing and cooking and shopping and a hundred and one other things. How long will it be before supper is ready? You cannot learn anything until you rid yourself of complacency. It is four years that he has lived here. He didn’t tell me the truth, though I knew it. He occasionally gave a nod, as if in confirmation of some opinion, though he was not thinking of anything in particular.
2.反说正译（no less than , nothing less than “简 直是”，“等同于” dis-, un- im-,etc） • 1.At 16, I liked nothing better than getting behind the wheel of our family pickup.(否定比较级相当于最高级) • 2.She was an indecisive sort of person and always capricious. • 3. All the articles in the museum are untouchable. • 4. Some people can eat what they like and get no fatter. • 5.He manifested a strong dislike for his father’s business.
denied me.
2. The explanation is pretty thin/ That’s a lame excuse. 3. I’m at my wit’s end to keep the children quiet. 4. It is a long time since I enjoyed myself so much. 5. Far be it from me to hurt his feeling. 6. The mother said she would let her son off washing the dishes if he could finish his assignment before supper.
1.赶快把这封信寄出去。 Don’t lose time in posting this letter. 2。这事迟早是要被发现的。 The thing could not long escape notice. 3。他非常喜欢集邮。 He didn’t half like stamp-collection . 2.反说正译：
1.这决不是明朝的建筑。 That is anything but a building of the Ming Dynasty. 2. 他无可指责。 He is above blame. 3.这座大厦历经大地震后毫发未损，仍然屹立不倒。 The building survived the great earthquake, remained intact and was still standing there.