虚拟语气2
虚拟语气2
5. 虚拟语气在简单句中的用法
(1)情态动词的过去式用于现在时态时，表示说话人 谦虚、客气、有礼貌或语气的委婉。 It would be better for you not to staind enough to open the door?
虚拟语气句型
8. It’s necessary/important that sb. (should) do sth. With the society developing very fast, it’s quite necessary/important that we (should) have a good knowledge of English and computer.
She talks about Rome as though she had been there herself.
He treats me as if I were a stranger. Even if she were here, she could not solve the problem. 注意: 如果表示的事情可能会发生, 那 么方式状语从句中的谓语动词可用陈 述语气。
If you shouldn’t pass the college entrance examination, what would you do?
虚拟语气句型
4. If + only 引起的感叹句， 相当于“How I wish + 宾语从句” “但愿…… , 要是……就好了” If only he could come!
I wish it wouldn’t rain tomorrow.
2. 用于表示建议、愿望、命令等词后的
宾语从句中，常见的动词有：
德语虚拟语气第二虚拟式总结
德语虚拟语气第二虚拟式总结一、表达假设和条件的情况：1.客观条件假设：如果句子的条件部分与现实相符，虚拟语气使用第一虚拟式；如果条件部分与现实相反，虚拟语气使用第二虚拟式。
例如：-如果我有时间，我就去你家。
- Wenn ich Zeit hätte, würde ich zu dir kommen.2.主观条件假设：当句子表达的条件是与说话人主观判断有关的情况时，虚拟语气使用第二虚拟式。
例如：-如果我是你，我就不买那件衣服。
- Wenn ich du wäre, würde ich das Kleid nicht kaufen.二、表达愿望和建议的情况：1.表达愿望：使用"ich hoffe", "ich wünsche mir", "ich hätte gern"等表达愿望的动词，后跟虚拟语气的第二虚拟式。
例如：-我希望我能和你一起去旅行。
- Ich hoffe, dass ich mit dir verreisen könnte.2.表达建议：使用"ich würde vorschlagen"、"es wäre besser"等表达建议的句型时，后跟虚拟语气的第二虚拟式。
例如：-我建议你明天早点来。
- Ich würde vorschlagen, dass du morgen früher kommst.三、其他用法：1. 与"dürfen"连用，表示礼貌的建议或请求。
例如：- Du dürftest besser das Fenster schließen.-你最好关上窗户。
2. 表达抱怨或愤怒的情绪，通常通过"es ist schade"或"es ist unzufrieden"等表达方式。
虚拟语气 (2)
与将来事实相反 虚拟条件句 主句
should/would/ did should do could/might were to do +do
表示与将来事实相反，条件状 语从句中的谓语动词一般过去 时或should(were to) + 动词 原形，而主句中的谓语动词则 用would / should/ could might + 动词原形。
Eg: If you___hard at school, you___ a college student now and would get a good job in the future.
A.had studied; would have been B.would have been; could be
I wish it would rain tomorrow.
（2）在动词wish后的宾语从句中，表示 与现在或过去的事实相反，或对将来的主 观愿望，从句通常省略连词that。
1）表示对现在情况的虚拟：从句动词用 过去式或过去进行式（be动词一般用 were）。 I wish it were autumn in Beijing all the year around. 我希望知道这个问题的答案。 I wish I knew the answer to the question.
Had they had time, they would have come and helped us.
If it were to rain tomorrow, the football match would be put off.
Were it to rain tomorrow, the football match would be put off.
虚拟语气 2
Answer my question
----What would you do if you had one million dollars? ----If I had one million dollars,I would________________.
【Find the rules（自我发现）】
had been 4.If Tom __________ (be) more careful in the exam, he 对过去假设 would have passed (pass) it already. _______________ 5. If I were in your position,I would ask _____________(ask) for teacher’s help. 对现在假设
If I feel depressed I will sing. If I feel sad I will laugh. If feel uncertain I will raise my voice.
• subjunctive mood is usually used to talk about the situations that are not true or not likely to become true. • 表示说话人所说的话不是事实，而是一 种假设、愿望或推测。
hadn’t worked 1.If he ______________(not work) hard last would’t get year, he _____________(not get)such a great success now. （从句--过去/主句—现在） have taken were 2. If I _______(be) you, I would ________________ (take) his advice yesterday.
虚拟语气2
→If the sun hadn’t been in the right direction, the photographs wouldn’t have come out very well.
4 Since I know the meaning of the word, I don’t have to look it up.
2 The shop didn’t pack the goods properly, so they got damaged.
→If the shop had packed the goods properly, they wouldn’t have got damaged.
3 As the sun was in the right direction, the photographs came out very well.
一、wish 后的宾语从句 1 我要是知道他的地址就好了。 I wish … 2她真希望她没有说过这话。 She wishes …
1 我要是知道他的地址就好了。 I wish I knew his address. 2她真希望她没有说过这话。 She wishes she hadn’t said it.
They require that I (should) go at once. 他们要求我立刻走。 He insisted that his daughter (should) come. 他坚持要他女儿来。 四、用于主语从句中 在主语从句中，虚拟语气“should + 动 词原形”或将should 省略只用动词原形。 这种主语从句由连词that引导t is going to snow.仿佛 要下雪。（事实上马上就要下雪。） It seems as if the boy has lost his way. 这个男孩好像迷了路。（事实 上男孩真可能迷路了。）
Day 10(虚拟语气2)
Subjunctive mood
2. If you hadn’t gone with Tom to the party last night, ___.
A.
B.
C.
D.
you would meet John already you won’t have missed John you will have met John you would have met John.
Subjunctive mood
3. Supposing this ship ___, do you think there would be enough life jackets for all passengers?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Was sinking Has sunk Were to sink e not were it not will make
Subjunctive mood
5. The teacher suggested that each student ___ a plan for the vacation.
A.
B. C. D.
made make makes will make
Subjunctive mood
4. The insect would devour all our crops and kill our flocks and heads, if ___ for the protection we get from insect-eating animals.
A. B. C. D.
观察与对比
If you had come earlier yesterday, you would have seen him then. If you had come earlier yesterday, you would not be criticized by the manager this morning.
虚拟语气2should+v
Practice
1. He B have completed his work; otherwise, he wouldn't be enjoying himself by the seaside.
A. should
B.must
C.wouldn't
D.can't
3. It is requested that the meeting (should) be put off.
主语从句
4. His suggestion was that you (should) try once more.
表语从句
5. She made the demand that the journalists leave at once for Iraq.
wouldn't have done 本不会做而做了 couldn't have done 本不能够做而做了 needn’t have done 本没必要丛而做了
Grammar is logical !
区别“本系列” & 情态动词对过去的推测
must have done:过去一定做过某事 can/ could have done: 过去可能做过某事 may/might have done：过去可能做郭某事（could have done比might have done语气更强） couldn’t have done：过去不可能做过某事
B. not be sent; that
C. should not be sent; what
D. should not send; what
2. It is strange _th_a_t_h_e_s_h_o_u_ld__b_e_co_m__e_m__y_fr_ie_n_d_.(become) 他竟然成为我的朋友，真是奇怪。
虚拟语气2
他坚决要求我到场。(insist)
国王命令囚犯明天要实施死刑。(order)
他们要求我们派他们去那儿工作。(request)
我们建议Tom 去休息一下。
We suggested that
Tom （should）have a rest.
他坚决要求我到场。
He insisted that I (should ) be present.
B. 在It is demanded/suggested/ordered/required…. that从句中用(should )+动词原型 It is demanded that we should work out a plan.
C. 在 It is a pity/a shame/ no wonder that…..句型中从 句也常用(should )+动词原型 It’s a pity that you (should) miss a good chance.
I would rather you paid me now.
I would rather you had gone, too. Don’t come today. I would rather you came tomorrow.
4. as if /though + 从句
现在： 过去时 过去： 过去完成时
2.用于表示命令、建议、要求等一类词后面的宾语从句。 insist, order, command, suggest, advise, propose, require, request, demand, desire etc. We suggested that the meeting (should) be put off. They insisted that the boy (should) go with them. 注意：suggest 当表示“暗示、表明“讲时，insist 表示”坚持认为“之意时，应用陈述语气。
虚拟语气2
假如生活欺骗了你
If by life you were deceived Don't be dismal, don't be wild! In the day of grief, be mild Merry days will come, believe. Heart is living in tomorrow Present is dejected here; In a moment, passes sorrow; That which passes will be dear.
与将来事实相反： 从句谓语用were to+动词原形 或动词过去式(be动词用were) 或should+动词原形 主句谓语用would/could/should/might+动词原形
summarize
时间 if 条件句谓语 主句 谓语
现在
动词过去式 (be动词用were)
would/could/should/might +动词原形 would/could/should/might + have+过去分词 would/could/should/might +动词原形
一般将来时：will/shall+do am/is/are+to do 过去将来时：would/should+do were+to do 过去完成时 : had done
假如中了五百万
丈夫和妻子买了几注福彩。
丈夫自言自语：“如果中个500万就好了。” 妻子说: “如果中个500万，我立马给你100万。” 丈夫大喜：“那太谢谢老婆了，有了100万我就能随 心所欲了。” 妻子说：“给你100万是去交税的!”
虚拟语气二
It’s 你该走了。 high time that you went. It’s high time that you should go. 我们该去睡觉了 It’s time that we went to bed. 。 It’s time that we should go to bed.
• 8.(2003上海春季高考题 上海春季高考题)Look at the trouble 上海春季高考题 I am in! If only I ________ your advice. • A.followed B.would follow • C.had followed D.should follow • 9.She insisted that she ________ ill of him behind him，but he didn’t believe it. ， ’ • A.hadn’t spoken B.shouldn’t ’ ’ speak • C.wouldn’t speak D.not speak ’
虚拟语气
3. Simon looks as though he never ___ a square meal(吃得饱 though his 吃得饱), 吃得饱 parents feed him very well. A. get B. getting C. got D. should get 4. He is talking so much about America as if he ___ there. A. had been B. were C. was D. been 5. I ___ you some money, but I hadn’t got any then. A. would lend B. would have lent C. could lend D. may have lent
2022年五年级英语虚拟语气2----在 wish 后的宾语从句中
2022年五年级英语虚拟语气2----在 wish 后的宾语从句中-五年级2022年英语虚拟语气2----在 wish 后的宾语从句中II虚拟语气用在 wish 后的宾语从句中虚拟语气用在wish后的宾语从句中，常常省去连词that，表示不可能实现的愿望。
1表示与现在事实相反的愿望构成：主语 wish that从句主语动词过去式be 一律用were例如：I wish I new everything in the worldI wish that the ee soonEamy brother when he flies to England netweeA could goB had goneC will goD are goingEXERCISE1 I wish you ______ lie thata don’t talb wouldn’t talc won’t tald not to tal2 I wish I _____ how to oachinea have nown bnow c can now dnew3 He is not a millionaire but he _____ he werea wishesb hoy uncle the day after tomorrowa shallb havec would d am going to5 I wish it ______ setimes wishes that she ______ in the big citya was not livingb did not livedc were not livingd does not live9 James wishes he ______ the football game instead of the filma had seenb sawc had been seen d see10 While you’re here, I wish ______ have a loo around the housea you’llb you’vec you’d d you better11 Looing bac on it, I wish you ______ me firsta asedb have asedc asd had ased12 “Do you want me to lend you some money”“I wish you ______ I would ight13 I wished it ______ but it dida had not occurredb would not occurc was not occurred d did not occur14 He didn’t go to her birthday ay c will d could今天就为大家介绍到这里，!。
2虚拟语气
虚拟语气( Subjunctive Mood)虚拟语气表示所说的话不是事实，而是一种愿望、假设、疑惑、条件或与事实相反的情况。
e.g. I wish it were over.If she had time today, she would come.It’s necessary that we should start at once.虚拟语气不只是表达“假设”与“空想”，它还可以用来表达猜测、建议，表示说话人谦虚、客气、有礼貌，是一种委婉的语气。
e.g. If I had seen her yesterday, I should have spoken to her, but I did not see her.He suggested that we (should) come another day.If you kept on, you would succeed.一、虚拟语气在非真实条件状语从句( If从句及主句)中的形式及其使用1）与现在事实相反的非真实条件状语从句If I had a bike, I would lend it to you.If I were you, I shouldn’t believe that.2）与过去事实相反的非真实条件状语从句e.g. If he had seen you yesterday, he would have asked you about it.If you had come earlier, you would/ might have met him.If he had been here last week, he would have helped you.3）与将来事实相反的非真实条件状语从句e.g. If it should rain tomorrow, the crops would be saved.If it were to snow tomorrow, they would not go out.If they made that mistake again, they would be punishedIf he were here, everything would be all right.注意：主句中第一人称后多用should, 但美英中多用would.4）虚拟语气条件句时态的交错用法：当从句与主句的动作不是同时发生时，这时就要分别根据各自发生的时间，选用相对的虚拟语气。
高中英语真题-虚拟语气(二)
虚拟语气（二）上期我们学习了非真实条件句中虚拟语气的运用，本期我们将重点讲解虚拟语气在其它句式中的运用。
1. 虚拟语气用于宾语从句◆wish后的宾语从句从句谓语可用一般过去式（be动词多用were）表示与现在事实相反的假设；用“had +过去分词”表示与过去事实相反的假设；用“would +动词原形”表示一种希望。
如：I wish I were a bit taller.I wish I had more time.I wish you hadn’t told me all this.I wish you would stay a little longer.◆w ould rather后的宾语从句从句谓语多用相当于过去式的形式，表示现在或将来的情况。
如：—Do you mind if I smoke here?—I’d rather you didn’t.Nancy would rather came to see her tomorrow.◆在command, demand, desire, insist, order, request, require, sug gest, urge等表示要求、坚持、命令、建议、愿望等动词后的宾语从句中，谓语动词用“should +动词原形”，should可以省略。
如：They demanded that the report (should) be made public. Barbara insisted that I (should) stay and fight.注意：①当suggest表示“暗示，说明”，insist表示“坚持认为，坚持说”时，从句谓语不用虚拟语气，而用正常的陈述语气。
如：All the evidence suggests that he stole the money.She kept insisting that she was innocent.②suggestion, order, request, insistence等名词后的that从句中，谓语也用虚拟语气，即：“should +动词原形”，should可以省略。
虚拟语气2
虚拟语气（2）一、名词性从句中的虚拟语气1.一“坚持” (insist) ,二“命令” (order, command) ,四“建议” (advise, suggest, propose, recommend) , + (that) sb (should) do ...五“要求” (ask, demand, require, request, desire)(that) sb / sth (should) be done【翻译】我们建议Tom 去休息一下。
他坚持要我与他同行。
他们要求派Tom去那儿工作。
老师要求作业要及时完成。
2. 这些动词相对应的名词性从句也用（should ）do1）It is suggested that we (should) practise reading English everyday.2）The suggestion given by our teacher is that we (should) practise reading English everyday.3）The teacher give us a suggestion that we (should) practise reading English everyday.【熟记下列句型】*It is ordered / commanded / suggested / advised / requested / required / demanded …that …(should) do *The / One’s insistence / order / command / suggestion / advice / proposal / recommendation / request / requirement / demand / desire is / was that …(should) do*a / the suggestion / request (等) that … (should) do…3. wish 的宾语从句与现在事实相反: 一般过去时( be 用were )Wish 与过去事实相反: 过去完成时与将来事实相反: would/could +V.原(不用should)二、虚拟语气特殊句型与固定句式:1. would ratherI would rather you returned me my money now.I would rather you came tomorrow.I would rather we hadn’t told her the bad news yesterday.与现在事实相反: 一般过去时( be 用were )Would rather 与过去事实相反: 过去完成时与将来事实相反: 一般过去时2. as if / as though1). 从句的动作与主句动作同时发生(可以理解成与现在事实相反)He behaves as if he______(own) the house.He behaves as if he ______ (be) the owner of the house.2). 从句的动作发生在主句动作之前(可以理解成与过去事实相反)She talked about Rome as though she __________ (be) there herself.3). 从句的动作发生在主句动作之后(可以理解成与将来事实相反)He coughed (咳嗽) twice as if someone would come. 他咳嗽两声就好像有人要来了。
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hotel. The workers requested that their working conditions be improved.
• 注：这些词的后面有时也不用虚拟语气。
Jane’s pale face suggested that she was ill.
• If I were to be 20 years old next year, I
should take the course of computer science.
If it should fail, I would try again.
What would happen if the earth stopped turning?
• =What would happen if the earth were to / should
stop turning?
• =Were the earth to stop turning, what would
happen?
• =Should the earth to stop turning, what would
would have telephone me.
=Jack can’t have arrived yet; if he had arrived, he would have telephone me.
• 5） (1991年高考) Without electricity human
life _______ quite different today.
A. is
B. will be
C. would have been D. would be
• 答案: D • 6） (2001年上海春招) He hesitated for a
moment before kicking the ball, otherwise he ______ a goal.
A. had scored B. scored
从句：had + p.p. 主句：would(should/ could / might)+have +
p.p.
• She should have gone to the party if she had
been invited.
If she hadn’t called me, I should have overslept this morning.
• 2） (1993年高考) If he _______, he _____
that food. Luckily, he was sent to the hospital immediately. A. was warned; would not take
B. had been warned; would not have taken
A. breaks
B. has broken
C. were broken
D. had been broken
答案: C
二．虚拟语气在宾语从句中的使 用
• 1．在动词order / demand / insist /
command / advise / suggest / request /
require / decide / ask等词后的宾语从句中 谓语动词用（should）+动词原形。
A. wouldn’t have fallen B. had not fallen
C. should fall
• 答案: B
D. were to fall
• 8）(1995年高考) When a pencil is
partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it ________.
• 2. 祈使语气仅用于祈使句中，表示说话人向对方
提出请求，劝告或命令。
Shut the window before leaving.
• 3. 虚拟语气表示说的话不是事实，或者是不可能
发生的情况，而是一种愿望，建议或与事实相反 的假设等。
If I were a bird, I should fly in the sky.
It is necessary that you (should) be present at the discussion.
• 3. It is a pity / a mat; +that从句 (should +动词原形)
• 4. It is (high / about ) time + that 从句(动词
• 高考例题
1） (1984年高考) If there were no
subjunctive mood, English____ much easier.
• A. will be B. would have been
C. could have been D. would be
• 答案: D
• 2．与过去的事实相反的假设的动词形式
C. would be warned; had not taken D. would have warned; had not taken
• 答案: B
• 3．与将来的事实相反的假设的动词形式
从句：过去式或should / were to+动词原形 主句：would(should/ could / might)+动词原形
C. would score D. would have
• 答案: D
scored
• 3．当主句的动作和从句的动作不是发生在
同一时间，需用混合虚拟条件句表示。
• 1）过去时与现在时混合使用，即条件为过
去事实相反的假设，而主句为与现在事实相 反的说法。
• If he had followed the doctor’s advice, he
• 一．虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的使用 • 二．虚拟语气在宾语从句中的使用 • 三. 虚拟语气在主语从句中的使用 • 四. 虚拟语气在表语从句与同位语从句中的
使用
• 五. 虚拟语气在方式状语从句中的使用 • 六. 虚拟语气在目的状语从句中的使用 • 七. 虚拟语气在让步状语从句中的使用 • 八. 虚拟语气表祝愿或愿望
happen?
• 4）________ he would have succeeded in
the examination. A. Had he worked hard B. If he worked hard C. If he works hard D. If he has worked hard
• But for the storm, we should have arrived
earlier.
=If it had not been for the storm, we should have arrived earlier.
• Jack can’t have arrived yet; otherwise he
• 2．动词wish的宾语从句的谓语动词与条件
从句的谓语动词形式一样，即：现在使用 过去；过去使用过去完成；将来使用过去 将来（不管主句的谓语动词如何）。
• I do wish that I could help you.
I wish I had known the answer to the question.
He insisted that he was right.
• 9）(1987年高考) The judge ordered that the
thief _______ punished.
A. would be B. should be
C. was to be D. must be
• 答案: B
• 10）(1997年高考) Jane’s pale face suggested
• If he had been warned, he would not have taken
that food.
• =Had he been warned, he would not have taken
that food.
• What would happen if the earth
stopped turning?
that she _______ ill, and her parents suggested that she ________ a medical examination.
A. be; should have B. was; have
C. should be; had D. was; has
• 答案: B
would be all right now.
• 2）现在时与过去时混合使用。
If he could pass the exam now, he would have passed it last time.
• 3）现在时与将来时混合使用。
If he were here now, he was to start off with
• 答案: A
• 2．某些介词without / but for等或连词
otherewise等表示含蓄条件，需用虚拟语 气。
• Without air, we would not live even for five
minutes.
=If there were no air, we would not live even for five minutes.
• 3） If he ___________ tomorrow, he