周三上课3句子成分

句子成分（主、谓、宾、定、状、补、表）1. 主语（S.）e.g.The car is running fast. We are students. One of my classmates is from Shanghai.It's bad manners to spit in public. Eating too much is bad for your health.2.谓语（V.）e.g.He works in a factory.___________ I felt cold.___________How can I get to the station?___________ Do you speak English?___________They are working in a field.______________ I will wait for you.____________3.宾语(O.)是及物动词所涉及的对象，一般由名词、代词、不定式及动名词等充当。

E.g. He is doing his homework.They did nothing this morning.She wants to go home. We enjoy playing football.考点：1）有的动词可接双宾语，间接宾语指人，直接宾语指物。

这类动词常见的有：give/_______________________________________________sb. sth.等。

2）有的动词常用不定式作宾语，这类动词有：want/ ___________________________________________________________________________________等。

如：3）有的动词一般只用动名词作宾语，这类动词有：enjoy/__________________________________________________________________等。

4）be + adj. + to do…5）有的动词后接不定式与动名词含义不同。

a)forget/ remember to do表示“未发生的动作”，forget/ remember doing表示“已完成的动作”。

e.g. I forgot ____________(return) the book to him. He is reading it now.Don't forget __________(come) here earlier tomorrow.b)stop to do停下(原来的事)去做另一件事，stop doing停止做某事。

如：The students stopped____________(talk) when the teacher came in.I stopped _______(have) a rest after the tiring task.4.定语：用于修饰名词或代词，一般由形容词、名词、数词、不定式等充当。

What a beautiful kite it is! She is a chemistry teacher.There are two students in the classroom. We have something to do tomorrow.The man in blue is my brother.考点：1)adj. + n. 。

a_________(严肃的) man the ___________(便利的)traffic 2）复合不定代词+ adj. e.g. Is there __________________(一些特别的) in today’s newspaper?3) n.+ to do (+介词) e.g. I have homework ___________(do). I need a friend _________(交谈)He wants something____________(喝). We need a pen ______________(写).4）过去分词作后置定语：一个叫John的人____________________; 一本他写的书_________ 5.状语：用于修饰动词、形容词、副词或全句，一般由副词、介词短语、不定式短语或从句充当。

单个副词作状语一般放在被修饰词之前，短语或从句放在句首或句末。

如：Thank you very much. I get up at five in the morning.He is studying hard in order to catch up with others.We were having breakfast when the telephone rang.考点：1)enough作状语只能放在形容词、副词之_____。

He is __________ to go to school.(足够大)2)行为v. + adv. E.g. We should listen _______________(认真).3) also, still等词的位置：____________________________________;e.g. 我也能说法语。

__________________________________________我很喜欢音乐。

_____________________________________________4）to do作状语e.g. The soldier jumped into the river ____________(救) the boy.We should do everything we can_____________________(保护) the environment.We study hard _____________________________________(为了) get good scores.6.表语：用于说明主语的身份、特征或感受，一般由名词、数词、形容词、分词等充当。

常用的连系动词有：一“好像”_____________, 二“保持”_____________________,三“be”__________,四“变得”_________________________________,五“……起来”____________________________ e.g. They are workers. Two and three is five. The story is very interesting.She is at home.I feel terrible.The dish tastes delicious.考点：1)Linking v. + adj.e.g. It sounds ___________(礼貌) to say “excuse me ” when asking for help.The food cooked by him smells ______________and it sells ________________(好).2) to do作表语 e.g.My job is to teach English.7.宾语补足语：用于补充说明宾语的动作，一般位于宾语之后，宾语与宾语补足语一起构成复合宾语。

“宾补”一般由不定式短语、分词、名词、形容词等充当。

如：We elected him monitor.I found it difficult to learn English well.The doctor told me to do more exercise. He is going to have his hair cut.They saw a bird flying in the sky.考点：1）a. _________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________sb. to do;b. _________________________________________sb. do;c. __________________________________________________sb. doing2) find / think it+ adj. + to do3) keep/ make + 宾语+ adj.e.g. After-school activities can keep us ________________________(强壮和健康).The old song made me _________________(快乐).Ex. 分析句子成分1. We always work hard at English.2. He said he didn't come.3. They love each other.4. What did you buy?5. She watched her daughter playing the piano.6. Your job today is to help the old.7. Speaking doesn't mean doing.8. The children bought their parents a car.9. It takes me an hour to get there.表达句子时最基本的结构：主语+谓语。

常见的错误：非谓语动词即不做谓语的动词:_________________________________________________，在句子中可作_________________________________________________________考点：作主语、宾语、宾补、状语简单句的五种基本句型1、S十V.主谓结构Students study hard.2、S十V十P.主系表结构The food goes bad.3、S十V十O.主谓宾结构 I watched a movie yesterday.4、S十V十O1十O2.主谓双宾结构 He told us a story .5、S十V十O十C. 主谓宾补结构I would like you to go with me.Ex. 判断下列句子结构1. Mother is my hero.2. The story sounds interesting and instructive.3. The meeting begins at half past nine4. I wrote a passage last night.5. The singer sang another song.6. I bought Mary a book.7. He left happily.8. Mr. Chen teaches us Chinese.9. You Show me your license.10. We found this job easy.Ex. 指出划线部分动词的词性，是vi.还是vt.(1) Speak aloud so that everyone can follow you.(2) Besides Japanese, he can also speak Spanish.(3) His father went to many countries and visit many places. He made much money. ( )(4) I tried to lie to him, but failed.(5) Unfortunately, I failed the driving test.Exercises:1. Would you like ________________ ( write ) a poem?2. ________________ ( swim ) is good for our health.3. His job is ___________________ ( teach ) English.4. They advise me ______________ ( stop ) smoking.5. Do you often see him _________________ ( play ) basketball?6. The little boy is too scared ________________ ( move ).7. You’d better ______________ ( do ) some washing at home.8. Now all the students are very busy _________________(get) ready for the coming exam.9. It’s difficult for Ken _______________ ( learn ) chemistry.10. He came back early ________________ ( watch ) TV11. You’d better_________________(not take) the trousers away. Try them on first.12. Has the doctor allowed her________________(get) out of bed?13. I feel like________________(give) up math because it’s hard to learn.14. That’s the end of the program. Thanks for_________________(listen).15. We are looking forward to_________________(meet) a new classmate from America.16. Look! There is a pet dog_______________(lie) on the ground. Let’s go and play with it.17. If you want to be healthy, you are supposed to give up ________________(smoke).18. _______________is important to us. We should eat ___________________and keep__________________all the time.(健康)19. Hard work is the key to ___________. If you want to _____________, you must do something__________________and then you will be _______________.(成功)单项选择( )1、I am sorry to have kept you______A to waitB waitC waitedD waiting( )2、I felt somebody ______ meA touchB touchedC to touchD touches( )3、He taught me _____ speak EnglishA how shouldB howC how can ID how to( )4、I shall make your dream ______A coming trulyB come trueC to come trueD comes true( )5、He told _____ homeA us not to goB we not goC us not goD us to not go( )6、I think _____ a good habit to get up earlyA thisB itC thatD its( )7、Roses in bloom smell ______A sweetenB sweetlyC sweetD sweetness( )8. The weather ____.A. wet and coldB. is wet and coldC. not wet and coldD. were wet and cold ( ) 9. The apple tasted ____.A. sweetsB. sweetlyC. nicelyD. sweet( ) 10. He got up ____ yesterday morning.A. latelyB. lateC. latestD. latter( )11. ____ were all very tired, but none of ____ would stop to take a rest.A. We, usB. Us, weC. We, ourD. We, we( )12.I think _____necessary（必要的）to learn English well.A. itsB. itC. thatD. that is( ) 13. The dog ____ mad（疯的）.A. looksB. is lookedC. is being lookedD. was looked( )1. Jack is very funny. He always makes us _____.A. laughB. laughingC. to laughD. laughs( )2. Will you please show me ______QQ to talk with others?A. what to useB. how to useC. to use whatD. to use how( )3. ---We can go there by bus as usual. ---Why not ______ there for a change?A. try walkingB. try to walkC. to try and walkD. to try walking( )4. Mum is sleeping. You’d better ______.A. not to wake her upB. not wake her upC. not to wake up herD. not wake up her ( )5. It’s raining outside. Tell him ______ the window.A. not openB. not to openC. to not openD. don’t open( )6. ----Mum, I’m happy.----What about going to KFC ______fried Chicken?A. eatB. eatingC. to eatD. to eating( )7. --- There’s a ruler on the floor. Is it yours? --- Oh, yes, it’s mine.---Let me ______for you.A. pick it upB. pick up itC. to pick it upD. to pick up it( ) 8. — Would you like to have dinner with me? — Sorry, I have a lot of housework .A. to doB. doneC. doD. to be done( ) 9. — I tried to make Kate _________her mind, but I found it hard.— Well, I saw you _______that when I went past.A. changes; doB. changes; doingC. to change; doD. change; doing( ) 10. — Mr Wang, I have trouble _________the text.— Remember _______it three times before you begin to understand it.A. to understand; readingB. understanding; readingC. understanding; to readD. to understand; to read( ) 11. Don’t worry. We will do anything we can you.A. helpB. to helpC. be helpedD. helped( ) 12. Would you mind_______________ me a favour?A. doB. to doC. doingD. did( ) 13. No matter how hard it is, we’ll keep _________until we make it.A. failedB. failingC. triedD. trying( )14. What happened to the boy? He tried_________my questions.A. to avoid answeringB. avoiding answeringC. to avoid to answerD. avoiding to answer ( )15. We couldn’t help __________when Uncle Wang told us the news.A. laughB. laughedC. laughingD. to laugh( )16. — What should I do, doctor? —___________healthy, you should take more exercise.A. KeepB. KeepingC. To keepD. Having kept( ) 17. It took my daughter two weeks _______the novels ________by Liu Yong.A. read; writtenB. to read; writtenC. reading; to writeD. to read; wrote ( )18. When class begins, we stop ___________to the teacher carefully.A. listeningB. to listenC. listensD. listen( )19. ---Did you hear her _____- this song? --- Sometimes.A. singB. sangC. singingD. to sing( )20. The man downstairs found ______ very difficult to get to sleep.A. themB. thatC. whatD. it。