现在分词做定语和状语
现在分词
现在分词现在分词表示：主动，进行。
（一）现在分词的时态现在分词分一般式（doing）和完成式（having done）现在分词的一般式表示动作与谓语动词同时发生，或在谓语动词之前发生。
Knowing his uncle would come, he began to make some preparations.现在分词的完成时，表示的动作发生在谓语动词表示的动作之前,常用作状语。
常作状语。
一般不做定语，若表达完成意义最好用定语从句。
Having finished his homework, he went to bed.（二）现在分词的被动式被动一般式being done 一般式表示与谓语动词同时发生的被动的动作，被动完成式having been done完成式表示发生在谓语动词之前的被动的动作。
This is one of the new supermarkets being built in our city.Having been told many times, he was able to operate the machine.（三）现在分词的否定形式由not+分词构成，Not having heard the news. I wrote to him again.Not knowing how to work out the maths problem, I went to the teacher for help.四．现在分词的句法功能：（1）作定语：现在分词作定语，当分词单独做定语时，放在所修饰的名词前；如果是分词短语做定语放在名词后。
In the following years he worked even harder.The man speaking to the teacher is our monitor's father.注：a.现在分词作定语相当于一个定语从句的句法功能，如：in the following years也可用in the years that followed;the man speaking to the teacher可改为the man who is speaking to the teacher.b.分词修饰不定代词时，放在不定代词后。
(完整版)现在分词的七种用法
现在分词的七种用法（一）作定语1. 动词现在分词单独作定语,通常放在所修饰词前.例如：The sleeping boy is Tom。
2. 现在分词短语作定语放在所修饰词的后面,意思同定语从句差不多。
例如：Tell the children playing outside not to make too much noise。
= Tell the children who are playing outside not to make too much noise。
3。
现在分词可相当于非限制性定语,常用逗号分开.例如:Tom， wearing beautiful clothes， followed me down the hill。
= Tom, who is wearing beautiful clothes，followed me down the hill.4. 有时现在分词可以和副词或名词构成复合词作定语。
例如:This is an English-speaking country.（二）作表语现在分词作表语多表示主语的特征.如amusing, discouraging， puzzling， refreshing， astonishing，exciting 等。
例如：The story is moving。
(三)现在分词在句中作宾语补足语，这时现在分词和前面的宾语有逻辑上的“主表”关系或“主谓"关系。
例如:We all found his equipment interesting. （主表关系)I saw Mary going upstairs then。
（主谓关系)（四）作状语现在分词作状语，其逻辑主语一般是句中的主语，如果不是，需在V—ing 形式前加名词或代词主格作逻辑主语。
1. 作原因状语，相当于原因状语从句.例如：Being ill，Mary didn’t come to school yesterday。
现在分词作定语、状语精讲
现在分词作定语、状语精讲I.现在分词作定语1. 现在分词作前置定语时，在逻辑上与所修饰的名词之间为主谓关系，也可改成定语从句；如果与所修饰的名词之间没有主谓关系，定语相当于一个介词for引导的短语。
现在分词位于所修饰的名词之后做后置定语，与所修饰的名词之间呈逻辑上的主谓关系，相当于一个定语从句。
如：a listening child= a child who is listening,a walking stick= a stick for walking.2. 现在分词作定语往往表示“令人……”，主动的或正在进行的动作。
如：a moving film, a developing country. II.现在分词作状语动词现在分词形式在句子中做状语，表示的动作是主语动作的一部分，与谓语动词表示的动作或状态是同时或者几乎同时发生的，经常可以做时间、原因、方式、条件、结果、目的、让步状语从句。
句子的主语必须是状语的逻辑主语；而且主语与作状语的分词之间呈逻辑上的主谓关系。
1.原因状语，相当于原因状语从句。
1).Being ill, she didn’t go to school today.因为生病，她今天没上学去。
2). Seeing no one at home, I decided to come again.看见没有人在家，我决定再来一趟。
2. 时间状语，相当于when, while等引导的从句。
1).Hearing the good news, he jumped with joy.当听到这个好消息时，他高兴地跳了起来。
2).Walking in the street, I saw a friend of mine. 当我走在街上时，我看到了我的朋友。
如果分词短语表示的动作与谓语表示的动作同时发生，常在分词短语前加上when或while。
3).Be careful when crossing the street. 过街时小心。
现在分词的句法功能
现在分词的句法功能现在分词（The Present Participle）具有动词的特征以及形容词或副词的功能，可以作表语、定语、状语或在复合结构中作宾补。
现在分词具有主动意义。
1、现在分词作表语表示情感心理的及物动词的现在分词具有主动意义，表示主语的特征，能引起听话人情感心理上的反应。
要注意区别的是这类词的过去分词说明主语情感心理上的感受。
例如：a. The situation is encouraging. 形势很使人鼓舞。
She is greatly encouraged. 她深受鼓舞。
b. The food smells inviting. 这个才真诱人。
I don’t feel invited to enter such an ugly building. 我没有欲望进这么难看的建筑。
最常这样用的分词有：amazing / amazed，astonishing / astonished，surprising / surprised，encouraging / encouraged，confusing / confused，disappointing / disappointed，exciting / excited，interesting / interested，puzzling / puzzled，shocking / shocked，worrying / worried，tiring / tired，satisfying / satisfied2、现在分词作定语1）上述表示情感心理的及物动词的现在分词可以作前置定语，仍然表示它所修饰的名词的特征，能引起听话人情感心理上的反应。
它们与对应的过去分词作定语的区别同上。
He told us the disappointing news. 他告诉我们那令人失望的消息。
The amusing story set the amused audience laughed all the time. 令人捧腹的故事令感到好笑的观众大笑不止。
现在分词
（主补） Feeling the lesson is boring, the students are sleepy. （状语）
一、 现在分词做定语
1. a running man
2. The man running in the picture is Liu Xiang.
3. The man who is running in the picture is Liu Xiang.
c c i
二. 现在分词做补语
1. We saw some students playing _______(play) basketball on the playground.
2.We noticed a lot of waiting people_________ (wait) to enter the stadium.
V-ing词组可以在句中充当时间、原 因、 结果、条件、伴随 、让步等状语。
1. 作时间状语
-ing短语作时间状语一般置于句首。如： Hearing the bad news, they couldn’t help crying. =When they heard the bad news, they couldn’t help crying. 当听到这个不幸的消息时，他们情不自禁地哭了起 来。
6. 作让步状语
-ing短语作让步状语，可置于句首或 句末，常与 even if, though 连用。如：
Though working from morning till night, his father didn’t get enough food. =Although his father worked from morning till night, he didn’t get enough food. 虽然他父亲从早到晚拼命地干活，但是他还 是挣不到足够的吃的。
现在分词短语的用法及例句
现在分词短语的用法及例句现在分词短语是英语中的一种非常常见的语法结构。
它通常由一个现在分词（-ing形式）和它所修饰的动词、名词或代词组成。
现在分词短语可以表示形容词、副词或介词短语的作用，用于修饰主语或谓语，并使句子更加生动、具有描述性和动态。
1. 现在分词作定语现在分词短语作为定语修饰名词或代词时，可以表示一个正在进行的动作或状态。
例句：- The running man is my brother.（奔跑的人是我的兄弟。
）- I saw the blushing girl in the hallway.（我在走廊上看到了脸红的女孩。
）- The singing birds woke me up this morning.（唱着歌的鸟儿今天早晨把我吵醒了。
）2. 现在分词作状语现在分词短语作为状语时，可以表示时间、原因、结果、方式等。
例句：- He watched TV all night, feeling bored.（他整晚都在看电视，感觉无聊。
）（表示原因）- Driving carefully, you can avoid accidents.（开车小心些，你就能避免事故。
）（表示方式）- Being a fluent speaker of English, he can communicate with anyone around the world.（他是一位英语流畅的演讲者，能够与世界各地的人沟通。
）（表示身份）例句：- I found the essay very interesting.（我觉得这篇文章非常有趣。
）- They kept the room clean and tidy.（他们保持房间的清洁整洁。
）现在分词短语可以用来表达各种各样的语法意义，在英语写作中非常常用。
熟练掌握现在分词短语的用法和性质，可以帮助我们更准确地表达自己的想法。
1. 现在分词作条件状语当现在分词短语与 if 或 when 连用时，可以表示一个条件或情况。
现在分词的用法详解
现在分词的用法详解一、现在分词的基本概念现在分词是动词的一种非谓语形式，用来表示正在进行或同时发生的动作。
它以-ing结尾，可以在句子中充当主语、定语、状语和表语等，具有一定的时态特征。
二、作主语现在分词作主语时，常用来表示习惯性、经常性的动作或行为。
例1：Running is good for your health.（跑步对身体有益）例2：Swimming is my favorite sport.（游泳是我最喜欢的运动）三、作定语现在分词可以修饰名词或代词，起到形容词作用。
它通常位于被修饰名词之前。
例3：The crying baby woke up the whole neighborhood.（哭闹的婴儿吵醒了整个社区）例4：She handed me a written report.（她递给我一份书面报告）四、作状语现在分词作状语时，可以说明动作发生的时间、原因、方式等。
4.1 表示时间：例5：While waiting for the bus, he read a book.（他边等车边读书）例6：Listening to music, I fell asleep quickly.（听音乐时，我很快入睡了）4.2 表示原因：例7：Being tired, she decided to take a break.（她觉得累了，决定休息一会儿）例8：Not having enough money, he couldn't afford the new phone.（因为没有足够的钱，他买不起新手机）4.3 表示方式：例9：He won the race by running fast.（他通过跑得快赢得了比赛）例10：She improved her English by studying hard.（她通过努力学习改善了自己的英语）五、作表语现在分词可以充当表语，与系动词连用，说明主语的状态或特征。
现在分词做定语表语宾补和状语
We mustn’t keep them waiting. = They mustn’t be kept waiting.
千万不能让他们等。
2. 能用-ing形式作宾语补足语的几类动词: 1) 表示感觉和心理状态的动词，常见的 有see, hear, feel, smell, find, notice, observe, look at, listen to等。如： We saw a light burning in the window. I felt somebody patting me on the shoulder.
1).Using your head, you’ll find a good way. succeed.
条件状语
If you work hard
If you use your head
Working hard, you’ll surely
Because he was poor
2). Being poor, he couldn’t afford a
Grammar Revision--- The V-ing form as the Attribute, Predicative, Object Complement and Adverbial 现在分词做定语、表语、宾补 和状语的用法
V-ing 形式由 “do＋ing” 构成, V-ing 可以带宾语或 状语构成 V-ing 短语, 没有人称和数的变化, 但有时
2) 表示指使意义的动词，常见的有have, set,
keep, get, catch, leave等。如： I won’t have you doing that. This set me thinking. I’m sorry to have kept you waiting. I can’t get the clock going again. You won’t catch me doing that again.
如何判断现在分词作状语和定语
如何判断现在分词作状语和定语现在分词作状语和定语在中文语法中，现在分词作状语和定语是一个常见但也容易混淆的问题。
如何准确地判断现在分词在句子中是作状语还是定语？这个问题可能令很多人感到困惑，但只要我们理清相关的概念和用法，就能轻松应对这一问题。
下面我将详细探讨现在分词作状语和定语的判断标准以及几个常见的应用情况，希望能帮助大家对这一问题有更深入的理解。
一、现在分词作状语的判断标准现在分词作状语时，主要有以下几个判断标准：1. 时间和条件的关系：现在分词作状语时，常表示与主句动作同时或因果关系。
例如：她边听音乐，边做作业。
这里的“听”和“做”是同时进行的动作，“边听音乐，边做作业”表示她听音乐的同时在做作业。
2. 动作的方式和伴随情况：现在分词作状语时，可以表示动作进行的方式或伴随情况。
例如：他边走边看手机。
这里的“走”和“看”是方式或伴随情况，“边走边看手机”表示他一边走路一边看手机。
3. 条件和让步关系：现在分词作状语时，还可以表示条件和让步关系。
例如：天气虽然寒冷，他还是不停地工作。
这里的“寒冷”是让步关系，“天气虽然寒冷”表示尽管天气寒冷，他还是不停地工作。
二、现在分词作定语的判断标准现在分词作定语时，主要有以下几个判断标准：1. 逻辑主语的确定：现在分词作定语时，需要确定它所修饰的名词或代词，即逻辑主语。
例如：她穿着一身红色的连衣裙。
这里的“红色的连衣裙”中的“红色的”就是现在分词作定语修饰的名词“连衣裙”，即“红色的”说明了“连衣裙”的颜色。
2. 定语的限定性：现在分词作定语时，通常用于限定被修饰名词的范围或描述名词特征。
例如：一群欢笑的孩子。
这里的“欢笑的”说明了孩子的状态或特征。
3. 定语与被修饰词的关系：现在分词作定语时，需要注意它和被修饰词的逻辑关系，通常是名词的属性或特征。
例如：周围响起了嬉笑声。
这里的“嬉笑”是现在分词作定语修饰名词“声”，表示了声音的特征。
我们可以通过以上几个判断标准来准确地判断现在分词是作状语还是定语。
现在分词作状语-过去分词作状语-表语-宾补-定语
V-ing（此刻分词）作状语v-ed/done(过去分词 )作状语，表语，定语，宾补一．此刻分词的形式形式主动形被动形式否认形式式一般式doing being notdone doing/beingdone达成式having having notdone been done having(been)done二．此刻分词作状语辨析：动词的 -ing形式和动词不定式作结果状语的差别。
句子功能例句1.作时间状语，相当于Crossing the road,the old man was knocked over by awhen,while,as,after 等指引car.=When he was crossing the road,the old man was 的时间状语从句knocked over by a car.2.作原由状语，相当于Having eaten too much,he couldn 't go to sleep.=Because heas,because,since等指引的原had eaten too much,he couldn't go to sleep.因状语从句3.作条件状语，相当于Using your head,you'll find a good way. =If you use yourif,once,unless等指引的条件head, you'll find a good way.状语从句4. 作方式或陪伴状语，相当于Four people entered the room looking around in a curiousand 连结的并列谓语动词。
way. =Four people entered the room and looked around ina curious way.5. 作结果状语，可扩展为有并It rained heavily,causing flooding in that city.=It列谓语的句子。
现在分词的用法
现在分词的用法1. 用作主语现在分词可以作为句子的主语，表示动作或状态。
这时，现在分词的形式通常为动词的现在分词形式加上ing。
例如：- Swimming is her favorite sport.（游泳是她最喜欢的运动。
）- Studying hard is important for academic success.（努力研究对于学术成功很重要。
）2. 用作定语现在分词可以用来修饰名词或代词，相当于一个形容词。
这时，现在分词的形式通常为动词的现在分词形式加上ing。
例如：- The running water sounded refreshing.（流动的水听起来很清新。
）- The crying baby needs attention.（哭泣的婴儿需要关注。
）3. 用作状语现在分词可以用来修饰动词、形容词或副词，表示附加的行为或状态。
现在分词作状语时，通常表示主动、进行或结果。
例如：- He left the room, slamming the door behind him.（他离开房间时，砰地关上了门。
）- The children played happily, laughing and shouting.（孩子们玩得很开心，笑着和喊着。
）4. 用作介词宾语现在分词可以作为介词的宾语，表示同一时间的行为。
在这种情况下，现在分词的形式通常为动词的现在分词形式加上ing。
例如：- She sat on the bench, reading a book.（她坐在长椅上读书。
）- They walked in the park, enjoying the sunshine.（他们在公园里散步，享受阳光。
）综上所述，现在分词在英语中具有多种用法。
通过灵活运用这些用法，能够丰富语言表达，使句子更加生动有力。
> 注意：以上内容是为了示范现在分词的用法，实际使用时需要根据具体语境和语法规则进行判断。
现在分词作定语和状语课件(共18张)
注意：having done或having been done是不 可以作定语的。
现在分词作状语： 现在分词作状语通常可以表示时间、原因、结
果、条件、方式或伴随动作。 例子：
Walking in the park, she saw an old friend. 在公园里散步的时候，她见到了一个老朋友。
和短语的位置是不一样的。
doing 和 being done 作定语的异同。 同： 都表示动作正在进行 异： doing 表示动作和被修饰词是主动关系 being done表示动作和被修饰词是被动关系 The building being built is our library. The fireman rushed into the burning house to
Having finished the work, he went to see his teacher.
完成了工作之后，他去看望了他的老师。 原因状语：
Being ill, he couldn’t go to school. 因为生病了，他无法去上学。
条件状语： Working hard, you’ll make great progress. 如果你努力工作， 你将取得重大进步。 结果状语： His parents died, leaving him an orphan. 他的父母死了，这使得他成了一个孤儿。
核心
现在分词作状语需要注意的问题： 逻辑主语 现在分词作状语，其逻辑主语通常是句子的主
语，它们之间是一种逻辑上的主谓关系。 Hearing the bad news, she didn’t know what
1现在分词做定语和状语
• • • • • •
中译英。 1。他们每人都有一支枪 They have a gun each. 2。这次错误是他粗心造成的 The mistake resulted from his carelessness. 3。为了谋生，他不但白天去一个公司上班，而 且晚上还做兼职 • In order to making a living, he not only go to work in a company during the day, but also do a part-time job in the evening.
6. Be more than likely to… 很有可能。。。 It is more than likely to rain today.
• • • • • • • • •
中译英 1。流行音乐很受年轻人欢迎 Pop music is very popular with young people. 2 听说他是百万富翁 He is said to be a millionaire. 3 我上班不再坐巴士了 I no longer go to work by bus. 4 琼瑶写的那些爱情故事很不现实 Those love stories written by Qiongyao are not realistic. • 5 我正是在美国认识布朗夫妇的 • It was in US that I met Mr. and Mrs. Brown.
• • • • •
• •
• •
中译英 1。你们和他们能一争高下吗？ Are you competitive with them? 2。明天下午4点我们将在打篮球 We will be playing basketball at 4 tomorrow afternoon. 3。我上班很少迟到，除非赛车 I am seldom late for work, unless there is a traffic jam. 4。据说这个湖里出现过怪物 Monsters are said to have appeared in this lake.
grammar —— 现在分词做定语和状语
作状语
1. Four people entered the room looking around in a curious way. (伴随) 2. Being poor, he couldn’t afford a TV set. (原因) 3. Working hard, you’ll surely succeed. （条件） 4. The boy sat in front of the farm-house, cutting the branch. （伴随） 5. He came running back to tell me the news. （方 式） 6. Hearing the news, he got frightened. (时间) 7. The child slipped and fell, hitting his head against the door. （结果） 8. Using your head, you’ll find a good way. （条件）
Poor, he couldn’t afford a TV set. (加上being)
3. Working hard, you’ll surely succeed. （条件） If you work hard, you’ll surely succeed. If you are working hard, you’ll surely succeed. (错)
作状语
可以表示时间，原因，结果，条件，行为方式 或伴随动作等。
1. Four people entered the room looking around in a curious way. (伴随动作) (1)Four people entered the room when they were looking around in a curious way. Four people entered the room when looking around in a curious way. Four people entered the room looking around in a curious way. Looking around in a curious way, four people entered the room. (2)Four people entered the room when/ as they looked around in a curious way. (3)Four people entered the room and they looked around in a curious way.
现在分词作定语和状语的用法现在分词做状语和定语
现在分词作定语和状语的用法现在分词做状语和定语【导语】学习英语贵在坚持，找到适合自己的方法，多运用多温故。
大了大量英语学习资源，一起来看看吧！一、现在分词在句中作原因状语 1.分词短语在句中作原因状语时，相当于一个原因状语从句。
与时间状语一样，也要注意分词所表示的动作与谓语动作的先后关系。
当分词所表示的动作与谓语动作同时发生或几乎同时发生时，用分词的一般形式。
此时分词的逻辑主语须是句中的主语。
这样的原因状语可以换成because, as引导的原因状语，该从句谓语动词用一般过去时。
Not knowing how to work out the difficult physics problem, he asked the teacher for help.因为不知道如何解这道物理难题，他求助老师。
= Because he didn"t know how to work out the difficult physics problem, he asked…help.2.当分词表示的动作发生在谓语动作之前，可以用现在分词的完成式在句中作原因状语，其逻辑主语须为句中的主语，该短语的作用相当于一个原因状语从句。
该从句的谓语动词须用完成时。
如：Having lived with the girl for 5 years, we all know her very well.= Because we have lived with the girl for 5 years, we all know her very well. 因为与那个女孩一起生活了五年，我们都非常了解她。
三、现在分词短语在句中可以作条件状语，其逻辑主语须为句中的主语，该短语相当于一个条件状语从句。
Working hard, you"ll sueed. = If you work hard, you"ll sueed. 如果你努力工作，你会成功的。
现在分词做定语及状语备课讲稿
Not having heard from her son for a long time, the mother worried a great deal.
由于很久没有收到儿子的来信，这位母亲很担心。
V.现在分词的时态和语态的用法。
1).分词一般式表示的动作和谓语动词所表示的动作一般同时进行时，则用分词的一般式形式。
2.现在分词作定语往往表示“令人……”，主动的或正在进行的动作。如：a moving film, a developing country.
II. ing形式作状语
动词-ing形式在句子中做状语，表示的动作是主语动作的一部分，与谓语动词表示的动作或状态是同时或者几乎同时发生的，经常可以做时间、原因、方式、条件、结果、目的、让步状语从句。句子的主语必须是状语的逻辑主语；而且主语与作状语的分词之间呈逻辑上的主谓关系。
语法聚焦预习自测
1._________ her telephone number, I couldn’t ring her up.由于不知道她的电话号码，我无法打电话给她。
2. ____________________, we will go there on foot.
天气好的话，我们将步行去那里。
但有时它也可以有自己独立的逻辑主语，独立主语=逻辑主语+现在分词……表示伴随，时间、原因，条件。
2).Many people being absent, they decided to put the meeting off.
由于许多人都缺席了，他们决定取消这次会议。
IV.现在分词的否定形式。
现在分词的否定式:not+ v.ing
现在分词、过去分词作定语、状语、宾补的区别
现在分词、过去分词作定语、宾语补足语、状语时的区别现在分词\过去分词作定语的区别.（一）现在分词\过去分词作定语的区别.1．The mobile phone lying on the desk belongs to me. =The mobile phone which is lying on the desk belongs to me. （the mobile phone 和lie为主谓关系，即主动关系，故用现在分词）2．The injured suffering from the shock in the traffic accident were lying in the hospital.=The injured who suffered from the shock in the traffic accident were lying the hospital。
（the injured 和suffer 为主谓关系，即主动关系，故用现在分词）3．The house built 50 years ago will be pulled soon. =The house which was built 50 years ago will be pulled soon. （the house 和build为动宾关系，即被动关系，故用过去分词）The mobile phone laid on the desk belongs to me. =The mobile phone which is laid on the desk belongs to me. （the mobile phone 和lay 为动宾关系，即被动关系，故用过去分词）The injured suffering from the shock from the traffic accident were lying in the hospital.The house built 50 years ago will be pulled soon.The mobile phone lying on the desk belongs to me.The mobile phone laid on the desk belongs to me.小试牛刀:1.The student ________________( speak) to the teacher now is our moniter.2.The problem _______________( discuss) yesterday is of great importance.3.The machine ________________( repair ) yesterday is broken again.4..The guests ________________(invite) to the meeting were all specialists.5.China is a country _______________(belong )to the 3rd world.6 .He lives in the house _______________( face ) the north.7.The temple ________________( stand ) on the top of the hill was built 500 years ago.8.The students ________________( want ) to join the club will gather at the gate.9.The car ____________________(make ) in China is of high qulity.10.A checking deligation ( 代表团)______________( consist ) of 5 people are visiting our school.A checking deligation ( 代表团)_____________( make) up of 5 people are visiting our school.11. The student________________( focus )on his lesson is best in our class.The student _______________ ( lose )in his lesson is best in our class.12.Can you see the boy _________________ ( dress )in a red shirt?Can you see the boy __________________( wear ) a red shirt?13.The students ____________________( sit ) in Row I see the blackboard clearlyThe students __________________( seat ) in Row I see the blackboard clearly.14. The country _____________ ( lie ) to the east of Shandong Peninsula (半岛) is South Korea.The country _____________(locate ) to the east of Shandong Peninsula (半岛) is South Korea.( 辅助信息:Our school is located in the centre of the town)key:1,speaking.2,discussed.3,repaired.4,invited.5,belonging.6,facing.7,standing.8,wanting.9,made.10,consisting;made.11,focusing;lost.12,dressed;wearing.13,sitting;seated.14,lying;locted.现在分词、过去分词作宾语补足语的区别find ，make，feel，keep，leave，have ，see，observe，notice，watch，hear 。
如何判断现在分词作状语和定语
如何判断现在分词作状语和定语
现在分词可以作为状语或定语来修饰句中的名词或代词。
下面是判断现在分词作状语和定语的几个方法：
1. 作状语的现在分词一般表示主动或正在进行的动作，与句子的主语存在逻辑上的主谓关系。
这种现在分词可以回答疑问词"how?", "in what way?"，或者解释动作发生的时间、原因、目的等。
例如：- He left the room, smiling.（状语，回答"in what way?"）
- The teacher explained the grammar point, using simple examples.（状语，回答"how?"）
2.作定语的现在分词用来修饰名词或代词，相当于一个形容词短语。
这种现在分词一般放在被修饰的名词或代词之前，修饰该名词或代词表达的人或事物的属性、特征等。
例如：
- The girl standing over there is my sister.（定语
- We saw a running dog in the park.（定语，修饰a dog）
总之，根据现在分词与句子主语的关系、回答的问题以及它对名词或代词的修饰方式，可以判断现在分词是作状语还是定语。
英语句型-现在分词
现在分词1.现在分词作表语：（1）I t’s amazing that you should know that!你竟然连这都知道，真令人惊奇。
（2）S he was very pleasing in her appearance.她的外貌很招人喜欢。
（3）T he tea smells inviting and tastes fresh.这茶香气诱人，味道清新。
2.现在分词作前位定语：（1）H is surprising recovery delighted everyone of us.他出人意料的康复使大家都很高兴。
（2）H e looked at me with questioning eyes.他用询问的目光看着我。
3.现在分词作后位定语：（1）Here is a leaflet giving (= that gives) full particulars of the plan.这里有一份介绍计划全部细节的宣传单。
(2) We are brothers sharing (= who share) weal and woe.我们是患难与共的兄弟。
4.现在分词作宾语补足语：I could feel the wind blowing on my face.我能感到风迎面吹来。
5.现在分词作时间状语：（1）Seeing the wedding picture, she couldn’t help thinking of the day when she got married.看到这张结婚照，她不禁想起她结婚的那天。
（2）When leaving the airport, they waved again an d again to us.离开机场时，他们频频向我们挥手。
6.现在分词作原因状语：（1）B eing so excited, many of us could not go to sleep that night.因为兴奋，我们中不少人那晚睡不着。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
(4) 表示条件，相当于一个条件状语从句。 如果你努力学习，就一定能成功。 Working hard at your lessons, you will succeed. =If you work hard at your lessons... (5) 表示让步，相当于一个让步状语从句。 尽管知道了一切情况，他们还是要我赔偿损 失。 Knowing all this, they made me pay for the damage. = Although they knew all this...
a drawing board
a sewing machine a swimming pool a waiting room a dining car a driving permit
画板 缝纫机 游泳池 候车室 餐车 驾驶许可证
② 表示所修饰的人或物的动作或状态，在意思
上接近一个定语从句，可以表示正在进行的动
(13北京)24. the course very difficult, she decided to move to a lower level. A. Find B. Finding C. To find D. Found
（13四川）8. _______ which university to attend, the girl asked her teacher for advice. A. Not knowing B. Knowing not B. C. Not known D. Known not
closed.
13. （10天津12） It rained heavily in the south， serious flooding in several provinces. A. caused B. having caused C. causing D. to cause
the coming week
30.（10浙江20） The traffic rule says young children under the age of four and ____ less than 40 pounds must be in a child safety seat. A. being weighed B. to weigh C. weighed D. weighing 13. (09江西34) The government plans to bring in new laws _____ parents to take more responsibility for the education of their children. A. forced B. forcing C. to be forced D. having forced
2. European football is played in 80 countries,
___ A it the most popular sport in the world. (NMET1998) A. making B. makes C. made D. to make
3. He rushed to the train station, only ____ D the train had gone. A. finding B. found C. finds D. to find
动词-ing形式作状语
动词-ing形式可以作状语，修饰动词，在句中 表示时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、行为方 式或伴随情况等。动词-ing形式作时间、原因、 条件、让步状语时多位于句首；作结果、伴随 情况状语时常位于句末。 (1) 表示时间，相当于一个时间状语从句。 我们已经作好了充分准备，现在可以应考。 Having made full preparations, we are ready for the exam. (= After we have made full preparations...)
Choose the best answers (2013北京）24. the course very difficult, she decided to move to a lower level. A. Find B. Finding C. To find D. Found （2013湖南）25. The sun began to rise in the sky, ________ the mountain in golden light. A. bathed B. bathing C. to have bathed D. have bathed
3. The Transrapid Maglev is the world’s first high-speed train using magnetic levitated technology. using magnetic levitated technology是现在分词 作定语。 比较： Travelling at a speed of over 400 kilometers per hour, the train can complete the 30-kilometer journey in eight minutes. Travelling at a speed of over 400 kilometers per hour 是现在分词短语在句子中作状语。
解析：
Making it the popular sport in the world 为现 在分词短语作结果状语，这类分词短语常放在 句子的后面,v-ing表示顺其自然，不定式表示 突然，出乎意料。如：His parents died, leaving him an orphan.
He rushed to the post office only to find it wasຫໍສະໝຸດ a barking dog
狂吠的狗
a disappointing play 令人失望的戏剧
an astonishing adventure 惊人的冒险
a sleeping baby
boiling water
熟睡的婴儿 正在沸腾的水 逐渐衰退的视力 落日 下一周
failing sight
the setting sun
(13天津）10. In some languages,100 words make up half of all words in daily conversations. A. using B. to use B. C. having used D. used
（13陕西）14. The witnesses by the police just now gave very different descriptions of the fight. A. questioned B. being questioned C. to be questioned D. having questioned
(6) 表示行为方式、伴随情况或补充说明，相
当于一个并列结构。
他躺在草地上，长时间地望着天空。 He lay on the grass, staring at the sky for a long time. = ...and stared at the sky for a long time.
现在分词短语用作状语时，可以表示伴随、时间、条件、 原因、方式和结果等，相当于一个状语从句。其逻辑主 语是句子的主语，它们之间为主谓关系。
10. The airport _______ next year will help promote tourism in this area. A. being completed B. to be completed C. completed D. having been completed
动词-ing形式作定语
1 单个的动词-ing形式可以作前置定语，一般具 有两种含义: ① 说明被修饰名词的用途和性能。 a reading room = a room which is used for reading 阅览室 running shoes =shoes for running 跑鞋 a working method =a method of working 工作 方法 a singing competition 歌咏比赛 a walking stick 手杖
(2)表示原因，相当于一个原因状语从句。 由于生病，他昨天没有上学。 Being ill, he didn’t go to school yesterday. (= Since he was ill...)
(3) 表示结果，相当于一个并列谓语。
他父亲死了，留给他许多钱。
His father died, leaving him a lot of money.
（2013北京）32. in the early 20th century, the school keeps on inspiring children’s love of art. A. To found B. Founding C. Founded D. Having founded （2013湖南） 31. ________ warm at night, I would fill the woodstove, then set my alarm clock for midnight so I could refill it. A. Staying B. Stayed C. To stay D. Stay
作，也可表示经常性动作或当时的状态。
developing countries = countries that are
developing 发展中国家
an ordinary-looking house = a house that looks