英汉翻译

郑州大学现代远程教育《英汉翻译》课程考核要求

14112129001 李亚利

一．作业要求

1. 文档的开头注明姓名（学号）。

2.独立完成，不得抄袭他人，雷同作业按照零分处理

二．作业内容

(一)、填空题

1. 我国的翻译史分为汉-宋，明-清初，近代，现代等四个时期。

2. 严复在《天演论》卷首的《译例言》中提出了著名的信、达、雅的翻译标准。

3. 汉语是孤立语言，其主客体统一，英语是逻辑语言，其主客体二分。

4. 具体的翻译方法有拆分、转换、换序、增补、合并译法、

转态译法等。

(二)、翻译下列习语

1.Ill news comes apace. 好事不出门,坏事传千里

2.Among the blind the one-eyed man is king. 山中无老虎,猴子称大王

3.Don’t cross the bridge till you get to it. 船到桥头自然直.

4. The early bird catches the worm. 早起的鸟儿有虫吃。

5. A word spoken is past recalling.一言既出驷马难追。

6.to talk black into white 颠倒黑白

7. at sixes and sevens 乱七八糟

8. to kill two birds with one stone 一石二鸟

9. Man proposes, God disposes. 谋事在人，成事在天。

10 . Birds of a feather flock together. 物以类聚人以群分

(三)、修改下列句子的翻译，写出更恰当的译文。

1. 原文：In 1928, Walt Disney’s Mickey Mouse was first seen in the cartoon, Steamboat Willy.

译文：1928年，瓦尔特·迪斯尼的米老鼠在卡通片《威利号轮船》中首次被看见。

改正：1928年Walt Disney的米老鼠第一次出现在Steamboat Willy的卡通里.

2. 原文: By 1820, it was standard to bring workers into a factory and have them overseen.

译文：到1820年，标准方式已经是把工人雇到工厂里，使他们监督。

改正：从1820年开始,把工人带进工厂然后监督他们工作就成为了常规.

3. 原文: She tried her best to right her husband from the charge of robbery.

译文：她尽力纠正丈夫的抢劫行为。

改正：她尽了她最大的努力从一起抢劫的指控中证明她的丈夫是无罪的

4. 原文: Don't lose time in doing your homework.

译文：别在做作业上浪费时间。

改正：不要匆匆忙忙的做你的作业

5.原文: She recognized the absurdity of dealing with these people through intermediaries.

译文：她认识到通过中间人跟这些人打交道的愚蠢性。

改正：她认识到妄图通过中间人与这些人达成共识是不可能的.

6.原文: I discovered that more than desire and emotion were necessary to write, so I dropped the idea.

译文：我发现，要写作，需要更大的愿望和更丰富的感情。于是，我放弃了写作的念头。改正：因为我发现了对于写作来来说,有比渴望与激情更重要的东西,所以我放弃了之前的想法.

7.原文: One can never see too many summer sunrises on the Mississippi River.

译文：夏天，人们永远不能在密西西比河上看到太多的日出。

改正：人们永远也无法在Mississippi河看见充满阳光的夏天.

8.原文：He shrugged his shoulders, shook his head, cast up his eyes, but said nothing.

译文：他耸了耸他的肩，摇了摇他的头，他的两眼看着天，一句话也不说。

改正：他耸了耸肩膀,摇了摇头,眨了眨眼睛,却没说什么.

(四)、翻译下列句子，并写出划线部分用到什么翻译方法。

1.He was an indecisive sort of person and always capricious.

他是个优柔寡断且反复无常的人。

2.It is only shallow people who judge by appearance.

只有肤浅的人才会以貌取人。

3. A good play serves to educate and inspire the people.

好的戏剧教育和鼓舞人民

4.To them, he personified the absolute power.

对他们来说，他是绝对权力的典型

5.Each had his own business to handle.

每人都有自己的事务要处理。

6.He is no smoker, but his father is a chain-smoker.

他不吸烟，但他父亲烟不离嘴。

7.Most of the questions have been settled satisfactorily, only a few questions of secondary importance remain to be discussed.

大多数问题已经满意地解决了，只有少数次要的问题还待讨论。

8.We will live up to our Party's expectation.

我们要不辜负党的期望。

9.Independent thinking is an absolute necessity in study.

独立思考在学习中是完全有必要的。

10.We won't retreat, we never have and never will.

我么不会退缩，我们绝没有过也绝不会。

（五）、翻译篇章

If you intend using humor in your talk to make people smile, you must know how to identify shared experiences and problems. Your humor must be relevant to the audience and should help to show them that you are one of them or that you understand their situation and are in sympathy with their point of view. Depending on whom you are addressing, the problems will be different. If you are talking to a group of managers, you may refer to the disorganized methods of their secretaries; alternatively if you are addressing secretaries, you may want to comment on their disorganized bosses.

Here is an example, which I heard at a nurses’convention, of story which works well because the audience all share the same view of doctors. A man arrives in heaven and is being shown around by St. Peter. He sees wonderful accommodations, beautiful gardens, sunny weather, and so on. Everyone is very peaceful, polite and friendly until, waiting in a line for lunch, the new arrival is suddenly pushed aside by a man in a white coat, who rushes to the head of the line, grabs his food and stomps over to a table by himself. “Who is that?” the new arrival asked St. Peter. “Oh, that’s God,” came the reply, “but sometimes he thinks he’s a doctor.”

If you are part of the group which you are addressing, you will be in a position to know the