非谓语动词作状语

followed by 1.The teacher came into the lab, ________ some students.(follow) Looking at my classmates’ faces, I read the 2.______ same excitement in their eyes.(look) 3.__________ Having waited in the queue for half an hour,the old man suddenly realised he had left the money at home.(wait) Having been cheated 4.___________________many times, he believes in nobody.(cheat)
be built next month are for the The houses to ________ teachers. The workers building _____ the houses are from countries.
(build)
1) Four people entered the room looking around in a ( 伴随动作 ) = curious Four people ….. and looked around in a curious way. way. 2) Being poor, he couldn’t afford a TV set. (原因) = Because he was poor, he……. 3) Working hard, you’ll surely succeed. 条件 = If you work hard, you’ll….. 4) He came back running to tell me the news. 方式 = He came back by running to….. 5) (When) Hearing the news, he got frightened. 时间 , 可以在分词前保留when ) = When he heard the news, ( he ….. 6) The child slipped and fell, hitting his head against the door. = The child slipped and fell, so he hit his head 结果 1. 分词或分词短语作状语时，可表示时间 、原因、结果、 against the door. 条件、让步、方式、伴随
非谓语动词作定语和补语“二原则” 非谓语动词做定语 原则 ：看时间前后，辩逻辑关系
The houses _____ built in 2000 are for the teachers.
built now are for the teachers. The houses being ________
分词作状语时其形式的选择 形式 doing having done 意义
作状语来自百度文库
与主语为逻辑上的主动关系，与句中谓语 动词同时发生
与主语为逻辑上的主动关系，先于句中 谓语动词发生 having been 与主语为逻辑上的被动关系，先于句中 谓语动词发生 done done 与主语为逻辑上的被动关系，表完成或 被动
2.现在分词、过去分词做状语的区别
分词作状语可以表示时间，条件，原因，结果，伴随或方式 ，相 当于相应的状语从句。 分词作状语的首要条件是分词的主语就是 句子的主语，分词与句子的主语的关系是主动的，用doing，反之， 用done。 Seeing from the top of the hill, you can find the city more beautiful. Seen from the top of the hill ,the city is more beautiful. 1, Hearing _____the news ,he couldn’t help laughing .（时间） Given 2, _____enough time ,I can do it better （条件） 3, Our teacher came in , followed _____ by many students (伴随）
1.______ the meeting himself gave them a great deal of encouragement. A. The president attended B. The president to attend D The president’s attending C. The president will attend D. 2.______ these suggestions will help you become more cooperative and achieve more . A Following B. Followed C. To follow D. Being followed A. 3.In some languages, 100 words make up half of all words ______in daily conversations. A. using B. to use C. having used D. D used 4. Children are never ___ with ____ stories. A. bore; interesting B. boring; interested C bored; interesting D. bored; interested C. 5. With ___ she needed ___, she left the supermarket happily. A all; bought A. B. something; to be bought C. all; buying D. everything; to buy
V.ing
• 1.His hobby is collecting stamps • 2.The pen lying on the table belongs to you. • 3.With the boy leading the way,I easily found the library. • 4. Don’t leave the water running while you brush your teeth. • 5.Smoking is bad for our health. • 6.He is fond of reading novels.
3.不定式和现在分词作结果状语的区别 1. He hurried to the bus stop, only to be told the bus had been left. 2. His parents died，leaving him a lot of money．
原则：用作结果状语时，用v-ing或不定式
1___ in the fields on a March afternoon, he could feel the warmth of spring. （时间状语） A.To walk B.Walking C.Walked D.Having walked 2.___ in the queue for half an hour, the old man suddenly realized he had left the money at home. （时间状语） A.Waiting B.To wait C.Having waited D.To have waited 3.___ twice, the postman refused to deliver our letters unless we chained our dog. A.Being bitten B.Bitten （原因状语） C.Having bitten D.To be bitten 4.There are many talented actors out there just waiting _____. A.to discover B.to be discovered （目的状语） C. discovered D.being discovered
1. With the audience _____ at her, the little girl felt nervous on the stage. A staring B. to stare C. stare D. stared A. 2. ____ by strong snowstorms, the area faced severe water and electricity shortage. A. A Struck B. Having struck C. Striking D. Be struck 3. Most of the guests _____ to the wedding last week were his classmates and friends. A. having been invited B. to be invited C. being invited D. D invited 4. --- What might put you in a really bad mood（心情）? ---- _____ in the traffic for hours. A. Stuck B B. Being stuck C. To be stuck D. Sticking 5. In my opinion, keeping dogs ____ up is advisable for dog owners. C tied D. to be tied A. to tie B. being tied C.
A 1. _____ hard, and you’ll be admitted into a key university. C 2. _____ hard, you’ll be admitted into a key univerisity. A.Study B.To study C.Studying D.Studied
4.独立主格结构：
带有自己的逻辑主语，有逗号与句子隔开，在句子中着状语。
结构：名词/代词+分词/不定式
The test finished, we began our holiday.
Time permitting, we’ll visit you.
5.独立成分做状语：
Judging from/by…根据…来判断 Considering… 考虑到… Taking … into consideration考虑到… Seeing that…鉴于 Given..考虑到…鉴于…
doing and being done
修饰的名词与 分词为主动关系 修饰的名词与分词为被 动关系，并正在进行
1.The next thing he saw was smoke rising ____ from behind the house,(rise) being sung 2.Listen! The song _________is 修饰的名词与分词为 very popular with the students. 被动关系，且表完成 (sing) written 3.Have you read the novel ______ 将来 by Dickens?(write) to be discussed at 4.The question_____________ tomorrow’s meeting is a very done to be done important one.(discuss)