英汉翻译教案 篇章的翻译共45页文档
篇章翻译英译汉
英译汉San Francisco“San Francisco， open your Golden Gate，” sang the girl in the theatre. She never1 finished her song. That date was 18th April，1906. The earth shook and the roof suddenly divided，buildings crashed2 to the ground and people rushed out into the streets. The dreadful earthquake destroyed the city that had grown up when men discovered gold in the deserts of California.3 But today the streets of San Francisco stretch over more than forty steep hills，rising like huge cliffs above the blue waters of the Pacific Ocean.The best way to see this splendid city，where Spanish people were the first to make their homes，is to take one of the old cable cars which run along the nine main avenues. Fares are cheap； they have not risen，I‟m told，for almost a hundred years.4You leave5 the palm trees in Union Square --- the heart of San Francisco --- and from the shop signs and the faces around you，you will notice that in the city live people from many nations --- Austrians，Italians，Chinese and others6 --- giving each part a special character. More Chinese live in China Town than in any other part of the world outside China.7 Here，with Chinese restaurants， Chinese post-boxes， and even odd telephone-boxes that look like pagodas，it is easy8 to feel you are in China itself.Fisherman‟s Wharf， a place all foreigners want to see，is at the end of the ride. You get out， pause perhaps to help the other travelers to swing the cable car on its turntable （a city custom），and then set out to find a table in one of9 the gay little restaurants beside the harbor. As you enjoy the fresh Pacific seafood you can admire the bright red paint of the Golden Gate Bridge in the harbor and watch the traffic crossing beneath the tall towers on its way to the pretty village of Tiberon .漫步旧金山“旧金山，敞开你的金门吧！”剧院里女歌手唱道，可惜她再也没能唱完1。
英汉翻译课程教案.docx
《英汉翻译》课程教案•课程编号: •周课时: •总课时: •学分: •考试方式: •教材: •参考书: BZB032232342分考查新编英汉翻译教程孙致礼编英汉翻译教程张培基编实用翻译教程冯庆华编ContentsChapter 1 What Is Translation (1)Chapter 2 The Process of Translation (15)Chapter 3 The linguistic Approach toTranslation (25)Chapter 4 Conversion (35)Chapter 5 The importance of diction (43)Chapter 6 Translation concerning negation (48)Chapter 7 Ampliflcation (53)Chapter 8 Repetition (58)Chapter 9 Changes of sentence parts (62)Chapter 10 Translation of attributive clause (66)Chapter 11 Translation of Long Sentences (69)Chapter 12外位语结构在英译汉中的应用 (73)Chapter 13 Translation of Passive Voice (77)Chapter 14 Translation of figures of speech (83)Chapter 15 Translation of idioms (87)Chapter 1 What Is TranslationAims: To understand the basic principles of translation and translation studiesKey points: the nature of translation, definition of translationDifficulties: the nature of translation, history of translationTeaching procedures1.The nature of translation•Translation is of great importance in learning a foreign language. Many of those who learn English will be English Chinese translators in the future. There are many translation theories and techniques for you too learn .•Without knowing the theories and the techniques one will most likely take a roundabout course in translation work. That's why it is necessary for you to have a good command of both the source language and the target language, and of the theories and the techniques in translation.•What is translation?Translation is a representation or recreation in one language of what is written or said in another language.or : Translation is an activity of reproducing in one language the ideas which have been expressed in another language.（翻译是把一种语言所表达的思想用另一种语言重新表达出來的活动）•Eugene Nida, famous American translation theorist, defined translation as: Translation consists in reproducing in the receptor language the closest natural equivalent of the source-language messages, first in terms of meaning and secondly in terms of style.•翻译就是接受语言复制出与原语信息最接近的自然等值体…首先是就意义而言，其次是就其风格而言.Eugene Nida^s photo •In addition to the definitions mentioned above, various definitionshave been given to translation. Now Fd like to cite some of them:•Translation is a science ••Translation is an art.•Translation is a craft.•Translation is a skill.•Translation is an operation .•Translation is a language activity .•Translation is a communication.•Among these definitions the first two are most important for they represent two schools ■一the school of science and the school of art. The former maintains that translating should reproduce the message of the original by means of the transformation of linguistic equivalence. It puts stress on the study of description of the process of translation, and the structures and the forms of the language so as to reveal the objective laws inherent in translation. The latter advocates recreating a literary work by using expressions of another language • It emphasizes on the effect of translation.1) Translation is a science•We say translation is a science, because it has its own laws and methods. Take the translation between English and Chinese for example, if we want to translate well, we must be entirely familiar with the content of the original and all the knowledge it concerns. In addition we should have a comparatively comprehensive and thorough study of English and Chinese so that we may do our work with high proficiency.•English and Chinese are two entirely different languages. Each has an individual and distinct system. On the other hand, there are lots of differences between them both in morphology and in syntax. Because of this , we have to know both languages well, especially with the wide difference in vocabulary , grammatical relations，and sentence structure .•Now we may well conclude that translation is indeed a science with its peculiar laws and methods，a science related to lexicology .grammar, rhetoric and other branches of linguistics.2) Translation is an arte Lin Yutang was once a representative. In his essay On Translation he declares that translation is an art whose success depends on one^s artistic talent and enough training.Besides these, there no set rules for translation and there is no short cut for art.•From the examples mentioned above we can see that translation is an art, a brilliant art. Like painting, enables us to reproduce the fine thought of somebody, not in colors, but in words, in the words of a different language< It demands a broad and profound knowledge. •In other words , a translator should have an understanding of literature and art, rhetoric and aesthetics; otherwise, he can hardly accomplish the task of reproduction of the original.•In accordance with what we have discussed in the above, now we can come to the following conclusion:•Translation depends on the artistic level and the technique of the translato匸Whoever has a good command of translation both in theory and technique can offer satisfactory translations Jt is because ,as pointed out in this lecture , translation is not only a science with its own laws and methods but also an art of reproduction and recreation.2.Aim of foreign language learning and the importance of translation(1) What is the objects of a foreign language? Learning a foreign language is not easy but it is worthwhile. It enables you to read foreign scientific and technical literature, and that might be useful. It makes you enable to read some of the worlds best writers in their own language, and this is a great pleasure. But the most important thing is that it gives you a better understanding of your own language.(2) Translation is of great value to foreign language learners. It is very important to the development of our nation • Translation keeps you informed of the international situation ; translation enhances our competitive power in the international market ; translation serves as instrument of propagating traditional culture . Translation is for inter-lingual communication, bridges the gulf between different-tongue speakers，and reproduces and spreads the message in the original language. Translation permits knowledge to be transmitted to different corners of the world and to succeeding generations.•Translation gives information, reveals feelings, and affect people's thought or behavio匚Through translation, we can draw on the advanced experience and achievement in the fieldof science and technology of foreign countries. Without translation, the worldwide civilization would not be possible.•Today, translation plays an increasingly important role in our country's economic reform and opening to the world • More and more people of financial and business circles from all parts of the world come to our country and take part in joint ventures, cooperative enterprises, sole foreign-invested enterprises, and various other economic, trade and technological cooperation. This situation results in the great need of translators, English Chinese translators in particular. Translation promotes mutual understanding between Chinese and foreigners, contributes to the speeding up of our country's modernization and thus is absolutely necessary in the development of our market economy.3.Prerequisites for a translator•(1) In order to achieve genuine competence in translation, a translator must bear in mind that translation means honest, solid knowledge, and that genuine knowledge comes from practice. As translation is work that involves at least two languages ■一the first language and the second language . Therefore, to know both language fairly well is one of the prerequisites for translation.•e.g. You are telling me • (slang: I know that very well /1 knew that long ago-) 我早矢口道了. /还用你告诉我！工你正在告诉我.e.g. Now you are talking . (informal: at last you are saying something agreeable.)你到底说了合我意的话了/你这样说才合我的意思.定现在你正在谈话.•e.g. Henry Kissinger has slept there before, in July and again in Octobe匚这之前亨利基辛格在7月和1 0月两度在这里下榻.(不译为：睡觉)•陈先生乃中国学界泰斗.•Me Chen, our respected teacher , is a renowned master in the academic circles of China. •e.g.你要有所收获，则必须在学习中不断深入.•If you want to gain anything，you must constantly deepen your studies.•(2) Besides a good knowledge of both the SL and the TL, a translator should do a lot of reading, listening, and speaking. He has to experience the many ways in which the English is spoken and written by native speakers. And to be constantly exposed to English spoken and written by native speakers is considered to be a very important part of practice .without which a Chinese learner of English can't expect to acquire competence in understanding and production as far as the English language is concerned・•(3) Furthermore, acquaintance with the subject matter covered in the book or article is also an indispensable factor in doing translation work well. For instance : If you are going to translate some technological data on remote sensing of the earth by man-made satellites, you have to learn to acquire some basic knowledge of the relevant aspect of space science and technology , otherwise , you will run the risk of making mistakes in the subject matter imperceptibly. So you should have a wide background knowledge ••E.g. The Security Counci l has been seized of the question since then.安理会自那以來就一直受理这个问题。
英汉翻译实用教程教案
英汉翻译实用教程教案第一章：翻译概述1.1 翻译的定义与历史介绍翻译的定义和作用简述翻译的历史发展1.2 翻译的类型与标准介绍不同类型的翻译（如直译、意译、同声翻译等）讨论翻译的标准（如准确性、流畅性、忠实性等）1.3 翻译的过程与方法介绍翻译的基本过程（如理解原文、表达译文等）探讨有效的翻译方法与技巧第二章：词汇翻译2.1 词汇的选择与转换讲解词汇翻译的基本原则探讨如何在翻译过程中选择合适的词汇2.2 专业术语与行业用语的翻译介绍专业术语和行业用语的特点讲解如何准确翻译专业术语和行业用语2.3 词义辨析与词性转换讲解词义辨析的重要性探讨如何在翻译过程中进行词性转换第三章：句子翻译3.1 句型结构与句子成分讲解英语和汉语句型结构的差异探讨如何在翻译过程中保持句子成分的平衡3.2 语法调整与句子重构讲解语法调整的重要性探讨如何在翻译过程中进行句子重构3.3 意译与直译的运用讲解意译和直译的区别与适用场景探讨如何在翻译过程中灵活运用意译和直译第四章：段落与文章翻译4.1 段落结构与主题句的翻译讲解段落结构的重要性探讨如何翻译段落主题句4.2 逻辑与连贯性的保持讲解翻译过程中逻辑和连贯性的重要性探讨如何保持原文的逻辑和连贯性4.3 文章风格与翻译策略讲解不同文章风格的特征探讨如何根据文章风格选择合适的翻译策略第五章：文化差异与翻译5.1 文化背景与翻译讲解文化背景对翻译的影响探讨如何在翻译过程中考虑文化背景5.2 文化词汇与翻译讲解文化词汇的特点和翻译难点探讨如何准确翻译文化词汇5.3 跨文化交流与翻译实践讲解跨文化交流的重要性探讨如何在翻译实践中应对跨文化交流的挑战第六章：翻译技巧与策略6.1 翻译中的直译与意译深入探讨直译与意译的定义和应用场景分析直译与意译在实际翻译案例中的运用6.2 翻译中的归化与异化讲解归化与异化的概念和作用探讨如何在翻译过程中运用归化和异化策略6.3 翻译中的补偿与调整分析翻译中补偿与调整的必要性和方法通过实例展示补偿与调整在翻译中的应用第七章：文学翻译7.1 文学翻译的基本原则探讨文学翻译的特殊性和原则分析文学翻译中应注重的方面7.2 诗歌、小说、戏剧等文体的翻译深入讲解不同文学文体的翻译特点和技巧通过实例分析不同文学文体的翻译方法7.3 文学翻译案例分析分析具体文学作品的翻译案例讨论文学翻译中的难点和解决策略第八章：商务翻译8.1 商务翻译的基本要求讲解商务翻译的特点和基本要求分析商务翻译中应注重的方面8.2 商务合同、广告、报告等文体的翻译深入讲解不同商务文体的翻译特点和技巧通过实例分析不同商务文体的翻译方法8.3 商务翻译案例分析分析具体商务材料的翻译案例讨论商务翻译中的难点和解决策略第九章：口译技巧与实践9.1 口译的基本类型与技巧讲解同声传译、交替传译等口译类型的特点探讨口译过程中的技巧和策略9.2 口译中的听力理解与信息处理分析听力理解在口译中的重要性讲解如何提高口译中的信息处理能力9.3 口译实践案例分析提供口译实践案例，进行分析和讨论指导如何应对口译中的挑战和困难第十章：翻译软件与工具的使用10.1 翻译软件的种类与功能介绍市面上的主要翻译软件及其功能分析翻译软件的优缺点和使用场景10.2 翻译辅助工具的使用讲解翻译辅助工具（如在线词典、术语管理工具等）的运用探讨如何提高翻译效率和质量10.3 翻译软件与人工翻译的结合讨论翻译软件与人工翻译的结合方式分析如何利用翻译软件辅助人工翻译工作重点和难点解析6.1 直译与意译的界定和应用场景是教学中的重点和难点。
优秀英汉翻译教案
优秀英汉翻译教案3.1.1 将单词分译成汉语的句子1. She was pardonably proud of her wonderful cooking.她可以谅解地为自己高超的烹调技艺感到自豪。
她自夸她高超的烹调技艺，这是有情可原的。
2. The ancients tried unsuccessfully to explain how a rainbow is formed.古人曾试图说明虹是怎样产生的，但没有成功。
3. Chairman Mao might have spoken with unders tandable pride of his policy of “self-reliance.”毛主席在谈到他的“自力更生”的政策时,也许有些自豪感,这是可以理解的。
4. He shook his head and his eyes were wide, then narrowed in indignation.他摇了摇头，两目睁得圆圆的，接着又眯成一条线，脸上露出了愤怒的神色。
3.1.2 将词组或短语译成汉语的句子1.I wrote four books in the first three years, a record never touched before.我头三年写了四本书，打破了以往的记录。
2. I’m surprised to learn that he lost the game.我惊奇地获悉他在比赛中失利了。
我听说他在比赛中失利了，感到十分意外。
3. Men are too clever to let themselves be cheated by fashion designers.男人们很聪明，他们不会上时装设计师的当。
4. Energy can neither be created nor destroyed, a universally accepted law.能量既不能被创造也不能被消灭，这是一条普遍公认的规律。
汉英篇章翻译.ppt
篇章（text）是表达整体概念的语义单位。 篇章是语言在交际中，特别是在书面交 际中的对象和理想单位。它不只是一连 串句子和段落的集合，而是一个结构完 整、功能明确的语义统一体。（陈宏薇）
篇章翻译是指高于句子层次或句以上的 语言单位的翻译。（王治奎）
语篇指不完全受句子语法约束的在一定 语境下表示完整意义的自然语言。它具 有形式和逻辑的一致性。语篇并非是互 不关联的句子的简单堆积，而是一些意 义相联系的句子为达到一定交际目的， 通过各种衔接手段而实现的有机结合。
he knew how ashamed he would have been if she had known his mother and
the kind of place in which he was born, and the kind of people among whom he was born.
1.4 lexical cohesion (词汇衔接）
Chinese-------- lexical repetition （词汇 重复）
English----------Semantic repetition（语 义重复 or relative pronoun）
1）每年有2000多个等待器官移植的病人 濒于死亡。。。（人体）器官的短缺非 常严重。
More than 2.000 patients are dying annually while waiting for transplants,…The shortage of organs is so serious
（一）A Comparison Between Chinese Discourse and English Discourse
英汉篇章的翻译
First,
context is very important to understanding intercultural communication. There are two ways individuals use context in communication: one is low-context and the other is high-context.
Low-context communication is like a computer program; everything must be specified in the coded message or the computer program will not run. In a lowcontext culture like the United States, individuals must express themselves as explicitly as possible for effective communication to occur. high-context communication, in contrast, is like communication between twins who were raised together. Twins intuitively understand each other and use shortened sentences and words when they talk.
汉语段落
主题句不明显 段尾可引出新主题
现在的写作已不再是一些专门家的事情，而是越来越 社会化、生活化，这当然很好。“作家”如今更多地 被赋予职业的意义，它标明的仅仅是一个职业而已。 只要是写了一点作品、或者有这个努力和爱好的，都 被他视和自视为“作家”。与其他行当和职业不同， 如从来没有把股长或科长厅长说成是政治家，也没有 把一个在部队干的人叫成军事家。作家在职业的意义 上被如此轻浮地界定，事出有因。所以现在，妓女、 商人、政客、主持人、艺人、杀人犯、道德家，无论 各行各业的人都可以因为自己的理由去写作，并产生 卖点，成为“名作家”。从商品社会里看，这很正常。 美国一个杀人犯，出来后把杀人的过程写出来，畅销 并已致富。原来此刻一切都是为了卖，能卖即是成功。
篇章翻译(四).
The current worldwide interest in learning Chinese is attributable to the long history of the Chinese nation, its glorious and magnificent culture and its tremendous contribution to human progress. More importantly, as China’s overall national strength has grown in the course of reform and opening-up over the last two decades, more and more countries, international organizations and people come into contact (associate) with China and take interest in Chinese culture.
[技巧点拨：换一个说法或角度] 1 ） 在世界性学“汉语热”升温 中，亚洲的热度最高。 People in Asia have shown greater enthusiasm in learning Chinese than those in other parts of the world. 如果按汉语直接翻译成： People in Asian have shown the greatest enthusiasm in learning Chinese.
There was expected to be more discussions. We expect to have more discussions.
教案英语模板全英文带翻译
Lesson Title:
Lesson Topic:
反思课程的有效性，并考虑未来教学的任何修改或改进。这是一个评估什么做得好、什么可以在随后的课程中加强的机会。
Translations
翻译
Lesson Title: 课程名称
Lesson Topic: 课题
Lesson Duration: 课时时长
Lesson Objectives: 课程目标
Lesson Overview: 课程概述
列出课程具体的学习目标，确保它们是可衡量的，并符合教育标准。这些目标应该概述学生在课程结束时应该知道、理解或能够做到什么。
Materials
教材
Provide a list of all materials needed for the lesson, including textbooks, handouts, visual aids, technology, etc. Be sure to mention any preparation required for these materials.
在这一部分，提供课程内容的简要概述，以及它如何融入整体课程。这应该包括要涵盖的主要话题概述，所需的任何先修知识，以及这节课对学生学习的相关性。
Learning Objectives
学习目标
List the specific learning objectives for the lesson, ensuring they are measurable and aligned with educational standards. These objectives should outline what students are expected to know, understand, or be able to do by the end of the lesson.
英汉翻译实用教程教案
英汉翻译实用教程教案第一章：翻译概念与原则1.1 翻译的定义解释翻译的概念和本质强调翻译的目标：传递信息、保持原文意义和风格1.2 翻译原则准确原则：确保翻译内容的准确性忠实原则：保持原文的精神和风格通俗易懂原则：确保译文适合目标读者对等原则：尽量找到等效的表达方式1.3 翻译标准解释中国的翻译标准：信、达、雅探讨翻译标准的实际应用和灵活性第二章：翻译技巧与策略2.1 直译与意译解释直译和意译的概念及适用场合强调直译和意译的平衡使用2.2 词义转换与词性变化介绍词义转换的技巧：根据上下文确定词义讲解词性变化的方法：名词转译为动词、形容词转译为副词等2.3 长句翻译分析长句的结构和特点讲解长句翻译的策略：断句、合句、调整语序等第三章：英汉语言对比与翻译3.1 英汉语言特点对比分析英语和汉语的语音、语法、词汇等方面的差异强调了解和掌握这些差异对翻译的重要性3.2 文化差异与翻译介绍英汉文化差异对翻译的影响讲解翻译中文化适应和文化保留的方法3.3 翻译中的常见问题和解决方法分析英汉翻译中常见的困难和问题提供解决这些问题的方法和技巧第四章：不同文体翻译技巧4.1 文学翻译技巧讲解诗歌、小说、戏剧等文学作品的翻译方法强调文学翻译中的艺术性和创造性4.2 商务翻译技巧介绍商务合同、广告、报告等文体的翻译要点强调商务翻译的准确性和专业性4.3 科技翻译技巧讲解科技文章、专利文件等文体的翻译方法强调科技翻译的准确性和专业性第五章：翻译工具与资源5.1 翻译软件与工具介绍常用的翻译软件和在线翻译工具强调翻译软件的辅助作用，不能完全依赖5.2 参考资料与资源介绍翻译中常用的参考资料：词典、手册、专业书籍等强调广泛阅读和积累知识的重要性5.3 翻译团队与协作强调团队合作在翻译项目中的重要性介绍有效的翻译协作方法和工具第六章：口译技巧与实践6.1 口译类型与特点解释同声传译、交替传译等口译类型的区别强调口译中的即时性和准确性6.2 口译技巧讲解听力理解、短期记忆、语言表达等口译技巧强调练习和提高口译能力的重要性6.3 口译实践提供口译练习场景和实例鼓励学生进行模拟练习，提高口译实战能力第七章：本地化与国际化翻译7.1 本地化概念与流程解释本地化的概念和目的讲解本地化的流程：市场调研、翻译、适应性修改等7.2 国际化翻译介绍国际化翻译的原则和方法强调在翻译中考虑不同文化和市场的适应性7.3 翻译案例分析提供实际的翻译案例分析案例中的本地化和国际化翻译策略第八章：翻译评估与反馈8.1 翻译质量评估标准介绍翻译质量评估的主要标准：准确性、流畅性、忠实度等强调评估过程中的客观性和公正性8.2 翻译错误分析分析常见的翻译错误类型：语义错误、语法错误、文化错误等提供避免和纠正这些错误的方法8.3 翻译反馈与改进强调反馈在翻译过程中的重要性讲解如何有效地接收和利用反馈，提高翻译水平第九章：翻译职业规划与发展9.1 翻译职业概述介绍翻译行业的现状和发展趋势强调翻译职业的挑战和机遇9.2 翻译职业规划指导学生进行翻译职业规划提供提升翻译能力和职业发展的建议9.3 翻译伦理与职业素养介绍翻译职业的伦理规范和职业素养强调翻译工作中的责任感和专业精神第十章：翻译案例研究与分析10.1 经典翻译案例研究分析经典的翻译案例：文学作品、历史文献、名人演讲等讲解案例中的翻译策略和技巧10.2 现代翻译案例分析分析现代社会中的翻译案例：广告、电影、网络内容等强调翻译在现代社会中的重要作用和影响力10.3 学生翻译作品点评提供学生的翻译作品点评作品中的优点和不足，提出改进建议重点解析本文教案主要围绕英汉翻译实用教程展开，涵盖了翻译概念、原则、技巧、策略、英汉语言对比、翻译工具与资源、口译技巧与实践、本地化与国际化翻译、翻译评估与反馈、翻译职业规划与发展以及翻译案例研究与分析等十个章节。
Unit 16 英汉篇章翻译(一)
Unit 16 语篇翻译(一)课时安排：2节教学目的要求：了解如何使用各种技巧进行篇章的翻译。
教学重点：把握在语篇翻译中使用各种翻译技巧，了解语篇翻译的难点及其处理。
教学难点：长句的翻译。
教学内容：The T akeout Business in ManhattanI suppose there are studies that connect the ubiquitousness of takeout in Manhattan with the increase in two-job families or the supposed hatred of cooking by yuppies, some of whom are said to live in expensive apartments that have no kitchens. I have never actually run across an independently confirmed case of yuppies living in an expensive apartment with no kitchen, although a friend from that generation told me that he once sought to use the oven belonging to someone with whom he’d become romantically involved and found that she was using it to store fashion magazines.Ubiquitousness：existing everywhere;Yuppies: /intl/zhcn/voanews/idioms/archives/wi129/你要是查1983年以前出版的字典，你可能还找不到yuppy这个字。
英汉翻译教程教案
英汉翻译教程教案一、翻译史: 有语言就有翻译1.how long: about 2000 years西方: 公元前3世纪2.翻译高潮climax公元前四世纪: 古希腊文化（三人用拉丁语）公元前四—六世纪：罗马帝国后期（中世纪）, 以宗教文献为主《圣经》—拉丁语中世纪后期（13-14世纪）: 巴格达成为研究古希腊文化的中心文艺复兴时期（14-16世纪）: 大量译著和翻译家二战以后, 翻译范围扩大3. 我国的翻译高潮1）东汉—唐宋: 佛经翻译三大翻译家: 玄奘: 第一个鸠摩罗什: 天然西域之语趣真谛2）明末清初: 科学著作外文—中文3）五四前: 严复、林纾等严复的翻译标准: faithfulness信expressiveness达elegance雅4）建国后初10年, 毛、马、列著作—中文, 苏联等社会主义国家的文学著作5）1978年后（改革开放）：西方学术著作和文艺作品：中译外文, 量少质劣二、What’s translation?三、可译性？1.字的音和形法不可译Practice makes perfect.（押头韵）Able was I are I saw Elba.（拿破仑说）不到厄岛我不倒（通韵味，但乏对称性）Armed to the teeth: fully armedStrike while iron is hot.以眼还眼, 以牙还牙。
滴水穿石。
旧瓶装新油。
火上浇油。
throw one’s hat into ring 竞技莎士比亚《驯悍记》Your three inch fool三打一水浒3. 意译Many kiss the baby for the nurse’s sake.醉翁之意不在酒。
I’m afraid she’s too far away from the cradle for you.恐怕她对你来说太老了。
as sweet as a nut甜得像蜜一样He who wants to eat nut must first crack it.Until …… ambition…… 不到黄河不死心。
英汉翻译完整教程
教学目的：旨在帮助学生了解词义的多样性 （引申、褒贬）；并掌握词语翻译的选词技巧。 教学内容：
1. 词义的选择
2. 词义的引申 3. 词义的褒贬 4. 翻译练习
1
第四章：句子翻译技巧（上）
一、教学目的：要求熟练理解句子的翻译技 巧，从而在英汉翻译时做到通顺、准确。 二、教学过程：
language into another(从一种语言转换成另一种语
言); • Webster’s third New International Dictionary of the English Language: to turn into one’s own or another language(转换成本族语或另一种语言)。
导学——学法指导
译者素养：
译者的素质：
外语素质 母语素质
语言敏感度
心理素质 翻译的辅助工具： 工具书 电法指导
提高方法：
Tips：
•read more; •practice more; •think more; •discuss more
1. 翻译理论+翻译技巧+翻译实践 研究有关翻译的论述，弄懂翻译的基本问题。 （ 阅读理论著作；专题论文；翻译教材；译品的前言后语） 2. 研究译作范本 从中摸索翻译的规律和技巧，对比不同译本的处理和效果。 研究典型译例，注意翻译技巧的说明和译句的得失，为翻译 实践打好基础 3. 不断进行翻译实践 （1） 依照词语---句子---段落---语篇的顺序； （2） 选择不同题材和体裁的练习材料； （3） 难易循序渐进； （4） 译文反复修改，不断提高译文质量； （5） 选择有参考译文的文本，进行对比学习； （6） 可请别人修改或校正。
汉译英：篇章的翻译
第一节 篇章分析
篇章分析是指对篇章的结构规律、风格特点、涉及的 人、事、境、情的认识和分析。
一、如何进行篇章分析
应首先辨别篇章的文体，运用文体分析方法弄清该篇 的文体特点，以便再现原作的精神实质和文体风格。其 次，要把握局部与整体的辩证关系，或弄清论点与论据 之间的相互依存性，事件发生和发展的事理逻辑。再次， 借助篇章所提供的语境充分理解原文，准确掌握原文传 达的信息、感情和审美价值。
spring had left，
Yet must 1 not regret the days of youth that now are dead．
For though the rosy buds of spring the cruel winds have laid，
二、篇章分析中的语境问题
语境包括语言语境(1inguistic context)、文化语境 (cultural context)和情景语境(situational context)三 个方面，因此，在研究篇章分析和篇章翻译过程中应尽 量考虑这三个方面的影响和作用。
第一节 篇章分析
例如： 眼看快轮到一位老人，他灵机一动，大步流星地奔向窗口，嚷
Pan (self-confidently)：(in a low voice) I knew you were thinking of me (trying to sound sentimentally)， weren't you?
Pai-lu：Yes, I was thinking of you—
what always happens，anyway． Pai-lu：(menacingly)：Well, Yueh-ting，are you on? Pan：Yes，I’m on! Pai-lu：Well, Shrimp，aren’t you going to thank
英汉翻译教案
Chapter One Part One Definition of TranslationI Length of time: two hoursII Teaching aims: 1 familiarize Ss with the definition of translation;2 help Ss to master the classification of translation; 3 familiarize Ss with the history of translation in ChinaIII Main teaching points: definition of translation; classification of translation; history of translation in ChinaIV Teaching procedure:1 Definition1.1 Translation in broad sense: Translation of basic information between language and language, language variety and language variety as well as language and non-language code.(eg: a. from English to Chinese or vice versa; b. from Cantonese to Putonghua or standard Chinese; from ancient Chinese to contemporary Chinese; c. from traffic sign to traffic regulations)1.2 Translation in narrow sensea.change of language宋僧法云：“夫翻译者，谓翻梵天之语，转为汉地之言。