美国文化概况 练习题及答案。
美国文化概括习题及答案
1.What was the main reason European countries like Britain and France wanted to colonize America?Britain needed to raise money to pay for its European wars, and used the colonies to do this.2.Why did the Puritans go to America?In order to escape problems and persecution for their faith3.What is Manifest Destiny?Manifest Manifest Destiny is the historical belief that the United States was destined and chosen by the Christian God to spread across the North American continent, from the Atlantic coast to the Pacific Ocean.4.Why did the Puritans not want people to read or write imaginative literature?Imaginative writing was discouraged by the Puritans because they believed it distracted you from religion.5.Describe what Hawkeye was like.he is a kind of outsider, living outside of normal society but coming to the rescue of people in trouble, or righting wrongs. He has been described as “a saint with a gun”6.What was the date of the Declaration of Independence?independence was declared on July 4, 17767.What were the main reasons the American colonists were unhappy with the way Britain was treating them?Disagreements over taxation, restrictions on where you could live or move to, and finally having to have British soldiers live in your town and sometimes even in your home brought relations between the colonists and Britain to a very low point.8.What are the “self-evident truths” mentioned in the Declaration of Independence?that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness.9.What were the three conditions a person had to meet to be a citizen in the new United States?1)To be a citizen, the person must be free, and not a slave2)They must be white.3)They had to be a man10.Why were Native Americans and people from Africa not allowed to be American citizens?The Native Americans and people of African background were seen as intellectually inferior and politically immature.11.What was the Frontier?The Frontier was the term used to describe the unexplored area of land beyond the region where Europeans had settled down to live.12.How did the Homestead Act advance the idea of American democracy and the power of the common man?The Homestead Act of 1862 gave ordinary people ,the right to own up to 160 acres of farming land.13.How did the Americans solve the problem of moving into lands owned by Native Americans?By forcing them to leave their homes, the white people were actually destroying Native American culture and ripping the heart out of their lives.14.What did Europeans think were the main characteristics of Americans at the beginning of the 19th century?1)questioning of old and traditional beliefs2) a distaste for what is ancient and a love of “the new”3)the idea that men are all very much alike15.Ralph Waldo Emerson called on American writers to do what? And who was the poet who answered his call?Calling for the creation of an American literature rather than always copying other cultures, In "The Poet“ who would write a new poetry that was truly American. His call was answered by Walt Whitman.16.Slavery existed only in the southern states of the USA. Why was it so important there?The Plantation Economy in the Southern States was based on agricultural mass production by African slave labor on large farms (called plantations) and by the mid-19th century it was making lots of money.17.In the northern states many people were strongly against slavery in the south. How did they show their opposition to slavery?by producing newspapers and magazines, speeches, and stories of what a slave’s life was like.18.Why did the southern states secede from the Union after the election of Lincoln as President?The main reasons were slavery, and the question of where the political and economic power of the country lay: with the North or the South.19.In what ways was the American Civil War the first “modern “ war?1)for the first time, hugely destructive military technology was used by massed armies on bothsides, so the loss of life was staggeringly high within days, even hours2)the Civil War was the first photographed war due to the techniques invented by battlefieldphotographers . People could see photographs of the horrors of the war in their newspapers.20.What characteristics did life on the frontier give to the Americans?strength, curiosity, invention, energy, and individualism - these were characteristics that the frontier gave to people21.How did the idea of Manifest Destiny spread outside of America?Overseas frontiers, beyond the Pacific coast, gave the nation a way of continuing and expanding the idea of Manifest Destiny.22.What were the main features of The Gilded Age?The Gilded Age catches the era’s character: the internal tensions caused by abundance, stability and optimism on the one hand, and poverty, panic and disappointment, on the other.23.What was lynching?Public murder by a mob - lynching24.How did Realist writing hold up a mirror to American life?A faithful representation of reality in literature, with no romantic heroes or fantastic situations. The emphasis was on truth, and believable characters.。
英美文化概况10套试题与答
英美文化概况10套试题与答第一套：Ⅰ.1. Sinn Fein is not a legal political party in Northern Ireland. F2. Northern Ireland is the smallest of the four nations, but is quitewell-known: in the world for its endless political problems. T3. The purpose of British education is not only to provide children withliteracy and the other basic skills but also to socialize children. T4. Sputniks are man-made satellites made by the Soviet Union. T5. Edinburgh is the largest city in Scotland. F6. In the seventeenth century, the English government encouraged peoplefrom Scotland and Northern England to emigrate to the north of Ireland, because they wanted to increase its control over Ireland. T7. When George W. Bush became president, his foreign strategy has twoprominent elements: isolationism and faith in military strength. F8. Britain, like Israel, has a written constitution of the sort which mostcountries have. F9. Today, the United States has two major political parties. One is theDemocratic Party and the other is the Republican Party. T10. The oldest institution of government in Britain is the Monarchy. T11. There are about 60 members of the Commonwealth. F12. Americans have to join a political party in order to vote or to be acandidate for public office.F13. The Servicemen's Readjustment Act, or GI Bill of Rights, gave veteranspriority in finding better jobs. F14. Pax Americana indicates American policy to create a world order dominatedby the United States. T15. Most people in Scotland speak the old Celti c language, called “Gaelic”F16. The UK was awarded a seat on the UN Security Council in recognition ofits continuing importance in world politics. F17. Easter is the biggest and best loved British holiday. F18. Northern Ireland today is governed by separate jurisdictions: that ofRepublic of Ireland and that of Great Britain. F19. It is commonly believed that Boxing Day involves the sport of boxing. F20. Harvard College was originally founded to train government officials. FⅡ.21. Who were the ancestors of the English and the founders of England? AA. The Anglo-Saxons.B. The Normans.C. The Vikings.D. The Romans.22. Which of the following was NOT one of the three forces that led to the modern development of Europe? D A. The growth of capitalism. B. The Renaissance.C. The Religious Reformation.D. The Spiritual leadership of the Roman Catholic Church.23. Which countries are the permanent members of the UN Security Council? CA. France, China, Germany, Russia and Britain.B. The United States, France, Britain, Germany and Russia.C. China, Russia, France, Britain and the United States.D. China, Britain, France, the United States and Japan.24. What did the US mean by Containment? AA. It would use whatever means to prevent the Soviet Union from breakingout of its sphere of influence.B. It wanted to reverse the situation in which the Soviet Union reachedparity with the US in nuclear forceC. It planned to drag the Soviet Union into another round of arms raceD. It intended to shift the balance of terror25. Nowadays the British foreign policy is largely shaped by itsparticipation in CA. the CommonwealthB. the European Economic CommunityC. the United Nations, the EU, NATO, etcD. a European federal government26. Which of the following sports was NOT invented in Britain? CA. Football.B. Tennis.C. Basketball.D. Cricket.27. After the WWII, the United States became a stronger country, proved by the following facts except A.A. the US suffered no losses in the war.B. the US was the sole possessor of atomic bombs.C. the US had over 70% of the gold reserve of the world in its coffers.D. the US had over 50% of industrial production of the world in its hand.28. Lord Baltimore’s fe udal p lan failed NOT because D.A. there were more Protestant than Catholics in Maryland.B. the wilderness of the continent made the plan impossible.C. there was plenty of land while labor was scarce.D. the English king did not like the plan.29. Of which people is Robert Burns a national poet? CA. the Welsh peopleB. the Irish peopleC. the Scottish peopleD. the English people30. Which of the following is the only branch that can make federal laws, and levy federal taxes? BA. the executiveB. the legislativeC. the judicialD. the president31. Which of the following statements is NOT correct? cA. There are no legal restraints upon Parliament.B. Strictly speaking, the Queen is part of the Parliament.C. Parliament has no power to change the terms of the Constitution.D. Parliament has the supreme power of passing laws.32. The Norman Conquest in English history happened in C.A. 1035B. 1042C. 1066D. 160633. Which of the following can not be found in London? AA. teahousesB. art galleriesC. museumsD. theatres34. “No taxation without representation” was the rallying cry of D.A. the settlers of VirginiaB. the people of PennsylvaniaC. the colonists in New EnglandD. the people of the 13 colonies on the eve of the American Revolution35. Where do the majority of people in Scotland live? BA. in the HighlandsB. in the LowlandsC. in the UplandsD. in the west of Scotland36. Which of t he following was not an activity inShakespeare’s time? AA. attending the Grand NationalB. having a drink at a pubC. working the landD. playing football37. Which of the following is NOT a true description of the Queen’s role?AA. The Queen selects the Prime Minister and the Cabinet.B. The Queen symbolizes the tradition and unity of the British state.C. The Queen acts as a confidante to the Prime Minister.D. The Queen is the temporal head of the Church of England.38. Colored eggs and bunny are traditional symbols of AA. EasterB. ChristmasC. ValentineD. New Year’s Day39. Which of the following is a privately funded university in Britain? DA. the University of CambridgeB. the University of OxfordC. the University of EdinburghD. the University of Buckingham40. Where is the international tennis championship held? BA. WembleyB. WimbledonC. LondonD. EdinburghⅢ. 41. The Functions of Parliament42. Puritanism43. Grammar School44. The declaration of Independence45. The strategy of PreemptionⅣ. Answer one of the following two questions. （本大题任选一题，20分）46. What are the purposes of the British education system? Please commenton these purposes.47. What are the foundations of Britain’s foreign policy?第二套：Ⅰ. Decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F). （本大题共20小题，每小题1分，共20分）1. The first English permanent settlement was founded in California.F2. When people outside the UK talk about England, they mistake it as Britainsometimes. t3. By the early 1760s, the 13 English colonies in North America were readyto separate themselves from Europe. T4. Sputniks are man-made satellites made by the Soviet Union. T5. Edinburgh is the largest city in Scotland. F6. Britain is both a parliamentary democracy and a constitutional monarchy. T7. When George W. Bush became president, his foreign strategy has twoprominent elements: isolationism and faith in military strength.8. American foreign policy has been swinging betweenisolationism andinterventionism since WWII. F9. Today, the United States has two major political parties. One is theDemocratic Party and the other is the Republican Party.10. Easter is the biggest and best loved British holiday. F11. The origin of Bowling lies in the victory celebration ceremony by theancient warriors. t12. Americans have to join a political party in order to vote or to be acandidate for public office. F13. The divine right of the king means the sovereign derived his authorityfrom his subjects. F14. The British host a large American military presence and there are 63American military bases in the UK. T15. Most people in Scotland speak the old Celtic language, called “Gaelic”. F16. British universities are public bodies which receive funds from centralgovernment. T17. When the War of Independence was over, the United States was one unifiednation as it is today. F18. One of the things that decide whether an applicant can be accepted bya college is his/her scores on the Scholastic Aptitude Tests. t19. It is commonly believed that Boxing Day involves thesport of boxing. F20. Wales is rich in coal deposits. TⅡ. Choose the answer that best com pletes the statement or answers the question. （本大题共20小题，每小题1分，共20分）21. Which of the following was NOT one of the three forces that led to themodern development of Europe? DA. The growth of capitalism.B. The Renaissance.C. The Religious Reformation.D. The Spiritual leadership of the Roman Catholic Church.22. The expenditure in American public schools is guided or decided by D.A. teachersB. studentsC. headmasterD. boards of education23. Which of the following is not involved in making the British foreignpolicy? AA. The Queen of BritainB. The Foreign and Commonwealth OfficeC. The Prime Minister and the Cabinet.D. The Ministry of Defense and the Treasury.24. What did the US mean by containment? AA. It would use whatever means to prevent the Soviet Union from breakingout of its sphere of influence.B. It wanted to reverse the situation in which the Soviet Union reachedparity with the US in nuclear forceC. It planned to drag the Soviet Union into another round of arms raceD. It intended to shift the balance of terror25. In the United States school systems, which of the following divisionsis true? CA. Elementary school, grammar school.B. Elementary school, junior high school.C. Elementary school, secondary school.D. Junior high school, senior high school.26. Which of the following is NOT true of London? DA. the cultural centerB. the business centerC. The financial centerD. the sports center27. Which of the following was not an activity in Shakespeare’s time? AA. attending the Grand NationalB. having a drink at a pubC. working the landD. playing football28. Which of the following states refused to participate in the Constitutional Convention? BA. VirginiaB. Rhode IslandC. New YorkD. Maryland29. The following were the main Reformation leaders exceptB.A. Martin Luther.B. Martin Luther King.C. John Calvin.D. The English King Henry Ⅷ.30. Which of the following is truly a sport of the royal family? DA. cricketB. skiingC. golfingD. horse racing31. In Britain, ___ formally appoints important government ministers, judges, etc. bA. the QueenB. the Prime MinisterC. the Lord President of the CouncilD. the Speaker of the House of Commons32. Colored eggs and bunny are traditional symbols of A.A. EasterB. ChristmasC. ValentineD. New Year’s Day33. Which of the following is a privately funded university in Britain? DA. the University of CambridgeB. the University of OxfordC. the University of EdinburghD. the University of Buckingham34. In Britain, children from the age of 5 to 16 B.A. can legally receive partly free education.B. can legally receive completely free education.C. can not receive free education at all.D. can not receive free education if their parents are rich.35. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of British government? AA. It offers the Queen high political status and supreme power.B. It is a parliamentary democracy and a constitutional monarchy.C. It is the oldest representative democracy in the world.D. It has no written form of Constitution.36. Lord Baltimore’s feudal plan failed because D.A. there were more Protestant than Catholics in Maryland.B. the wilderness of the continent made the plan impossible.C. there was plenty of land while labor was scarce.D. the English king did not like the plan.37. In order to go to university in the US, secondary school students mustmeet the following requirements except that D.A. they have high school records and recommendations from their teachersB. they make good impressions during the interviewsC. they get good scores in the Scholastic Aptitude TestsD. they pass the college entrance examinations38. Of which people is Robert Burns a national poet? CA. the Welsh peopleB. the Irish peopleC. the Scottish peopleD. the English people39. Why did the government decide to replace the power-sharing policy with“direct rule” from London? DA. the power-sharing policy was not accepted by the majority of Protestants.B. the Northern Irish Parliament could not govern the power effectively.C. the power-sharing policy couldn’t be carried out.D. all the above40. Which of the following schools would admit children without referenceto their academic abilities? AA. Comprehensive schoolsB. Secondary schoolsC. Independent schoolsD. Grammar schoolsⅢ.Tell what you know about the following in your own words. （本大题共5小题，每小题8分，共40分）41. Comprehensive schools42. The Bill of Rights43. The making of Britain’s foreign policy44. The functions of Parliament45. The strategy of PreemptionⅣ. Answer one of the following questions. （本大题任选一题，20分）46. In what way did Puritanism influence American culture?47. How do you understand that Britain has a “special relationship” with th第三套：Ⅰ. Decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F). （本大题共20小题，每小题1分，共20分）1. Britain is both a parliamentary democracy and a constitutional monarchy.T2. The first English permanent settlement was founded in California. F3. Great Britain includes 3 constituent countries: England, Scotland andWales. F4. Most people in Scotland speak the o ld Celtic language, called “Gaelic”F5. Edinburgh is the largest city in Scotland. F6. The purpose of British education is not only to provide children withliteracy and the other basic skills but also to socialize children.T7. Sinn Fein is not a legal political party in Northern Ireland.F8. Christmas Pantomime is one of the three Christmas traditions that areparticularly British. T9. Today, the United States has two major political parties. One is theDemocratic Party, formed before 1800. The other is the Republican Party,formed in the 1850s, by people in the states of the North and West. T10. The game of golf was invented by the Scottish. T11. When the War of Independence was over, the United States was one unifiednation as it is today. F12. Grammar schools selects children at the age of 11 and provide them witha general education. F13. American foreign policy has been swinging between isolationism andinterventionism since WWII. F14. Pax Americana indicates American policy to create a world order dominatedby the United States. T15.Harvard College was originally founded to train government officials.F16. The UK was awarded a seat on the UN Security Council in recognition ofits contribution in setting up the United Nations. F17. Easter is the biggest and best loved British holiday. F18. American foreign policy has been swinging between isolationism andinterventionism since WWII. F19. One of the things that decide whether an applicant can be accepted bya college is his/her scores on the Scholastic Aptitude Tests. t20. George Washington, Benjamin Franklin, and Abraham Lincoln were regardedas the founding fathers of the United States of America. FⅡ. Choose the answer that best completes the statement or answers the question. （本大题共20小题，每小题1分，共20分）21. Which of the following is not involved in making the British foreignpolicy? AA. The Queen of BritainB. The Foreign and Commonwealth OfficeC. The Prime Minister and the Cabinet.D. The Ministry of Defense and the Treasury.22. Which of the following was NOT one of the three forces that led to themodern development of Europe? DA. The growth of capitalism.B. The Renaissance.C. The Religious Reformation.D. The Spiritual leadership of the Roman Catholic Church.23. The expenditure in American public schools is guided or decided by D.A. teachersB. studentsC. headmasterD. boards of education24. What did the US mean by containment? AA. It would use whatever means to prevent the Soviet Union from breakingout of its sphere of influence.B. It wanted to reverse the situation in which the Soviet Union reachedparity with the US in nuclear forceC. It planned to drag the Soviet Union into another round of arms raceD. It intended to shift the balance of terror25. Which of the following sports was not invented in Britain?CA. footballB. tennisC. basketballD. cricket26. Which celebration particularly happens on the Queen’s birthday?CA. BonfiresB. The Orange MarchC. Trooping the ColorD. Masquerades27. Which of the following is Not a characteristic of British government? AA. It offers the Queen high political status and supreme power.B. It is a parliamentary democracy and a constitutional monarchy.C. It is the oldest representative democracy in the world.D. It has no written form of Constitution.28. Which of the following states refused to participate in the Constitutional Convention? BA. VirginiaB. Rhode IslandC. New YorkD. Maryland29. The following were the main Reformation leaders exceptB.A. Martin Luther.B. Martin Luther King.C. John Calvin.D. The English King Henry Ⅷ.30. Which of the following is the only branch that can makefederal laws, andlevy federal taxes? BA. the executiveB. the legislativeC. the judicialD. the president31. Which of the following statements is NOT correct? CA. They are no legal restraints upon Parliament.B. Strictly speaking, the Queen is part of the Parliament.C. Parliament has no power to change the terms of the Constitution.D. Parliament has the supreme power of passing laws.32. Which of the following is truly a sport of the royal family? DA. cricketB. skiingC. golfingD. horse racing33. Which of the following is NOT true of London? DA. the cultural centerB. the business centerC. The financial centerD. the sports center34. Which of the following was not an activity in Shakespeare’s time? AA. attending the Grand NationalB. having a drink at a pubC. working the landD. playing football35. Where do the majority of people in Scotland live? BA. in the HighlandsB. in the LowlandsC. in the UplandsD. in the west of Scotland36. Which of the following is true about the British Commonwealth? dA. Members of nations are joined together politically.B. The Commonwealth has special powers.C. The decision to become a member of the Commonwealth is made by Britain.D. It is a free association of independent countries that were once colonies of Britain.37. In Britain, ___ formally appoints important government ministers, judges, etc. BA. the QueenB. the Prime MinisterC. the Lord President of the CouncilD. the Speaker of the House of Commons38. Colored eggs and bunny are traditional symbols of A.A. EasterB. ChristmasC. ValentineD. New Year’s Day39. Which of the following is a privately funded university in Britain? DA. the University of CambridgeB. the University of OxfordC. the University of EdinburghD. the University of Buckingham40. In Britain, children from the age of 5 to 16 B.A. can legally receive partly free education.B. can legally receive completely free education.C. can not receive free education at all.D. can not receive free education if their parents are rich.Ⅲ.Tell what you know about the following in your own words. （本大题共5小题，每小题8分，共40分）41. Comprehensive schools42. The Bill of Rights43. The Servicemen’s Readjustment Act44. The functions of the British Parliament.45. George WashingtonⅣ. Answer one of the following two questions. （本大题任选一题，20分）46. Discuss the similarities and differences in Great Britain and the Unite concerningthe goal of education47.what is the US containment policy? Is it successful? Illustrate your point wi第四套：Ⅰ. Decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F). （本大题共20小题，每小题1分，共20分）1. Cardiff, the capital of Wales, is a large city. F2. George Washington, Benjamin Franklin, and Abraham Lincoln were regardedas the founding fathers of the United States of America. F3. The Scots and the Welsh have a strong sense of being British. F4. The most important single factor which influences Britishpolicy-makersis its history. t5. Most British people are Protestants while most Irish people areCatholics.F6. Northern Ireland today is governed by separate jurisdictions: that ofRepublic of Ireland and that of Great Britain. F7. When the War of Independence was over, the United States was one unifiednation as it is today. F8. Independent schools get money mainly through the private sector andtuition rates, with some government support. T9. The first English permanent settlement was founded in California. F10. Britain, like Israel, has a written constitution of the sort which mostcountries have. F11. The Servicemen’s Readjustment Act, or GI Bill of Rights, gave veteranspriority in finding better jobs. F12. British universities are public bodies which receive funds fromcentral government. T13. In 1948 President Truman put forward the Truman Doctrine, which isgenerally regarded as the formal declaration of the implementation of the US containment foreign policy. T14. The biggest Bonfire Night celebration is held in London.F15. When Ronald Reagan became president in 1982, he wanted to beat the SovietUnion in the space technology race and so he initiated the Star Wars project. T16. The Prime Minister and Cabinet decide on the general direction on Britain’s foreign policy. T17. The divine right of the king means the sovereign derived his authority from his subjects. F18. The British host a large American military presence and there are 63 American military bases in the UK. T19. Sputniks are man-made satellites made by the Soviet Union. T20. Christmas Pantomime is one of the three Christmas traditions that are particularly British. TⅡ. Choose the answer that best completes the statement or answers the question. （本大题共20小题，每小题1分，共20分）21. Of which people is Robert Burns a national poet? CA. the Welsh peopleB. the Irish peopleC. the Scottish peopleD. the English people22. Lord Baltimore’s feu dal plan failed because D.A. there were more Protestant than Catholics in Maryland.B. the wilderness of the continent made the plan impossible.C. there was plenty of land while labor was scarce.D. the English king did not like the plan.23. The Norman Conquest in English history happened in C.A. 1035B. 1042C. 1066D. 160624. Which of the following is the only branch that can make federal laws, and levy federal taxes? BA. the executiveB. the legislativeC. the judicialD. the president25. What did the US mean by containment? AA. It would use whatever means to prevent the Soviet Union from breaking outof its sphere of influence.B. It wanted to reverse the situation in which the Soviet Union reached parity with the US in nuclear forceC. It planned to drag the Soviet Union into another round of arms raceD. It intended to shift the balance of terror26. Easter commemorates D.A. the birth of Jesus ChristB. the Crucifixion of Jesus ChristC. the coming of springD. the Crucifixion and Resurrection of Jesus Christ27. In order to go to university in the US, secondary school students must meet the following requirements except that DA. they have high school records and recommendations from their teachersB. they make good impressions during the interviewsC. they get good scores in the Scholastic Aptitude TestsD. they pass the college entrance examinations28. Which of the following is NOT a true description of theQueen’s role? AA. The Queen selects the Prime Minister and the Cabinet.B. The Queen symbolizes the tradition and the Cabinet.C. The Queen acts as a confidante to the Prime Minister.D. The Queen is the temporal head of the Church of England.29. The expenditure in American public schools is guided or decided by D.A. teachersB. studentsC. headmasterD. boards of education30. When was the NATO founded? DA. In 1945.B. in 1955C. In 1948D. in 194931. Nowadays the British foreign policy is largely shaped by its participation in C.A. the CommonwealthB. the European Economic CommunityC. the United Nations, the EU, NATO, etc.D. a European federal government32. Who are the ancestors of the English and the founders of England? AA. the Anglo-SaxonsB. the NormansC. the VikingsD. the Romans33. When did President Nixon make a trip to China to improve relations with the People’s Republic of China? AA. In 1972B. In 1973C. In 1970D. In 197134. “No taxation without representation” was the rallying cry of D.A. the settlers of VirginiaB. the people of PennsylvaniaC. the colonists in New EnglandD. the people of the 13 colonies on the eve of the American Revolution35. The New Deal was started by A.A. Franklin RooseveltB. J. F. KennedyC. George WashingtonD. Thomas Jefferson36. The following were the main Reformation leaders exceptB.A. Martin Luther.B. Martin Luther King.C. John Calvin.D. The English King Henry Ⅷ37. Which of the following can not be found in London? AA. teahousesB. art galleriesC. museumsD. theatres38. Why did the government decide to replace the power-sharing policy with “direct rule” from London? DA. the power-sharing policy was not accepted by the majorityof Protestants.B. the Northern Irish Parliament could not govern the power effectively.C. the power-sharing policy couldn’t be carried out.D. all the above39. Which of the following is Not a feature of the House of Lords? CA. Lords do not receive salaries and many do not attend Parliament sittings.B. It consists of the Lords Spiritual and the Lords Temporal.C. The Lords are expected to present the interests of the public.D. Most of the Lords in the House of Lords are male.40. Which of the following sports was NOT invented in Britain? CA. Football.B. Tennis.C. Basketball.D. Cricket.Ⅲ.Tell what you know about the following in your own words. （本大题共5小题，每小题8分，共40分）41. The Open University42. The three traditions of Christmas in Britain43. The strategy of preemption 44. The functions of Parliament45. The Bill of RightsⅣ. Answer one of the following two questions. （本大题共任选一题， 20分）46. In what way did Puritanism influence American culture?47. What are some of the major powers of each of the three。
美国社会与文化复习题答案
美国社会与文化复习题答案美国社会与文化复习题答案美国社会与文化是一个广阔而复杂的话题，涉及到历史、地理、民族、宗教、教育、艺术、娱乐等多个方面。
在这篇文章中，我们将回顾一些关键的问题和答案，以帮助读者更好地理解美国社会与文化。
1. 美国的宪法是什么？它对美国社会起到了什么作用？美国宪法是美国的最高法律文件，于1787年制定并于1789年生效。
它确立了美国的政治结构和权力分配，规定了公民的权利和自由。
宪法赋予了美国政府的权力，并保护了个人的权利。
它对美国社会起到了稳定和规范的作用，确保了公民的基本权利和自由。
2. 美国的种族和民族多样性是如何形成的？美国的种族和民族多样性是由于历史上的移民潮和奴隶制度的存在。
自殖民时期以来，美国吸引了来自世界各地的移民，包括欧洲、非洲、亚洲和拉丁美洲。
这些移民带来了不同的文化和传统，形成了今天美国多元化的社会。
3. 美国的宗教信仰情况如何？美国是一个宗教自由的国家，宪法保护公民的宗教信仰自由。
美国有各种各样的宗教信仰，包括基督教、犹太教、伊斯兰教、佛教、印度教等。
宗教在美国社会中扮演着重要的角色，对人们的价值观和行为产生影响。
4. 美国的教育体系是怎样的？美国的教育体系是分级的，包括幼儿教育、小学、中学、高中和大学。
教育在美国被认为是一个重要的价值和机会，每个州都有义务提供基本的教育。
大学教育在美国非常重要，许多人认为高等教育是获得成功的关键。
5. 美国的娱乐文化对世界产生了什么影响？美国的娱乐文化对世界产生了巨大的影响。
美国的电影、音乐、电视节目和体育赛事在全球范围内广受欢迎。
好莱坞电影产业是全球最大的电影产业之一，美国音乐家和艺术家也享有很高的声誉。
美国的娱乐文化塑造了全球流行文化的一部分，促进了国际间的文化交流。
6. 美国的社会问题有哪些？美国面临着一系列社会问题，其中一些是长期存在的，一些是新兴的。
例如，种族不平等、贫富差距、犯罪问题、毒品滥用、性别不平等、枪支暴力等。
美国文化_四川大学中国大学mooc课后章节答案期末考试题库2023年
美国文化_四川大学中国大学mooc课后章节答案期末考试题库2023年1.美国文化的三大来源，除了哪一个？答案:犬儒主义2.下列哪一项不是美国人民的基本价值观？答案:回归自然3.美国人所惯用的判断模式不包括答案:思维判断4.下列哪一项不能体现美国人的平等观念？答案:社会阶级性5.英国史学家保罗. 约翰逊坚持说：美国过去、现在以及将来始终都是一个答案:宗教国家6.下列哪项不是早期“美国梦”的内涵答案:建立一个高度物质生活发达的社会7.在美国文化里，以下说法错误的是？答案:黄色象征色情8.下列哪一项不是印第安人创造的文明？答案:米洛斯文明9.公认的美国文化的象征是答案:自由女神像10.美国参议员玛格丽特· C·史密斯发表了著名的《良心宣言》，重申并再次强调了美国精神的基本原则，其中包括答案:独立思考的权利不随大众信仰的权利抗议的权利批评的权利11.下列哪些词可以用来概括美国文化的特征答案:多样性进取性包容性12.美国的地理特征可描述为：两边高中间低，四面环水，一条大河贯穿中部。
答案:正确13.美洲印第安人的祖先来自大洋洲。
答案:错误14.美国人更愿意从经济收入的角度来划分社会阶层，如高收入阶层、中高收入阶层、中等收入阶层、低收入阶层、贫困线阶层等。
答案:正确15.美国式思维的特征可以概括为分析性的、逻辑性的、具有因果关系的线性思维。
答案:正确16.政治自由是经济独立的前提基础。
答案:错误17.美国人的平等观与实用观也反映在简洁和随意的美式英语中，这使它在发音、词汇、拼写、语法和习惯用法等方面与英式英语区分开来。
答案:正确18.独立、自由、平等和尊重是美国家庭成员的追求。
答案:正确19.对于斯诺登的泄密行为，在美国国内是毁誉参半。
有人认为他是叛国者，更多的人认为他是一个英勇的举报人；前者一般为人民大众和社会舆论，后者多半是统治阶层，持中间或温和立场的人为数不多。
答案:错误20.美国人对公众人物尤其是政治明星的要求较为宽容。
当代美国社会与文化试题与答案（代保平课）
当代美国社会与文化试题与答案（代保平课）美国枪支管制的妨碍因素.根源：美国枪支问题的出现，是与长久以来所形成的枪支文化紧密相关。
而这种枪支文化的形成，则是由美国早期特殊的历史积淀所造就的。
16世纪，当第一批欧洲人历经艰辛来到美洲大陆后，面对着极为恶劣的外部环境。
除了抵御野兽的来袭，还要和当地印第安人对抗。
在这种混乱纷杂的环境下，当时并没有政府或者社会组织提供有效的防卫措施，唯一可以信赖的就是自身的力量，而枪支在保障人身安全方面发挥了重要的作用。
不仅如此，在北美大陆，打猎从一开始就已经成为一种谋生手段，枪支就成为猎杀野兽、维持生计的重要工具。
妨碍因素：1.利益集团的斗争NRA美国政治在很大程度上是一种利益集团政治，以布雷迪运动为首的枪支管制组织和以全美步枪协会为首的反对力量之间展开了激烈的交锋，竞相对国会施加压力。
可以说，围绕枪支问题的争夺已经变成了一种利益集团政治。
全美步枪协会被公认为是美国社会中最为强大的单一问题利益集团。
在历次国会枪支立法的过程中，全美步枪协会都扮演了核心的角色。
在全美步枪协会看来，民众持有武器的权利不得随意剥夺，反对任何形式的枪支管制，而主张严惩使用枪支犯罪的罪犯。
2.宪法修改的程序困境美国建国前后，拥有和携带枪支的权利，和言论自由一样，已被视为最珍视的个人权利之一。
而且枪支管制的问题，涉及对美国宪法第二条修正案的解释问题。
当时，共有7个州采用了"权利法案"，都含有保护民兵或者明确支持持有和携带枪支的条文规定。
近年来，在枪支问题变得突出之后，维护持枪权利的组织和人士始终依托宪法第二条修正案，反对任何的枪支管制措施。
3.民众态度的分化具体来说，妇女、城市居民、非美国本土出生者、政治上倾向自由主义者、不拥有枪支者相对更倾向于支持枪支管制，而男性、乡村居民、美国本土出生者、政治立场保守者、枪支拥有者则相对消极，不少人还采取激烈的反对态度。
而具体到地域上，城市居民出于对犯罪率上升的担忧，所以主张枪支管制的呼声就比较高涨；而在美国南部和中西部的山区，人们钟爱于打猎，也依赖枪支来防身，所以反对枪支管制的呼声相对很高。
美国文化练习题
美国文化练习题美国是一个多元文化的国家，拥有丰富多样的文化特点。
下面是一些美国文化练习题，让我们一起来了解一下吧！题目一：美国的国庆节是哪一天？答案：美国的国庆节是每年的7月4日。
这一天庆祝美国独立宣言签署的纪念日，人们会举行各种庆祝活动，如焰火、游行等。
题目二：美国最受欢迎的体育项目是什么？答案：美国最受欢迎的体育项目是美式足球（American Football）。
它是一项以肌肉对抗为主要特点的体育运动，其竞技水平和观赏性都非常高。
题目三：美国最大的城市是哪个？答案：美国最大的城市是纽约市（New York City）。
作为一个全球性的重要城市，纽约市不仅是金融、商业和文化中心，还有着丰富的历史和多元文化。
题目四：美国最受欢迎的音乐风格是什么？答案：美国最受欢迎的音乐风格是流行音乐（Pop Music）。
美国是全球音乐产业的领头羊，许多知名的流行歌手和乐团都来自美国。
题目五：美国的国花是什么？答案：美国的国花是玫瑰（Rose）。
玫瑰被认为是爱情和美的象征，它也是美国各州花中的代表之一。
题目六：美国最有名的电影奖项是什么？答案：美国最有名的电影奖项是奥斯卡金像奖（Academy Awards）。
奥斯卡金像奖是世界上最具影响力的电影奖项之一，每年由美国电影艺术与科学学院颁发。
题目七：美国最长的河流是什么？答案：美国最长的河流是密西西比河（Mississippi River）。
它全长约3,730公里，是美国重要的内河航道和水资源。
题目八：美国最高的建筑是哪座？答案：美国最高的建筑是纽约的自由女神像（Statue of Liberty）。
自由女神像是法国赠送给美国的礼物，它象征着自由和民主。
题目九：美国最有名的节日是什么？答案：美国最有名的节日是感恩节（Thanksgiving）。
感恩节是美国人民表达感激之情的重要节日，人们会与家人和朋友共进丰盛的晚餐，并给予对彼此的感激。
题目十：美国最受欢迎的旅游景点是哪里？答案：美国最受欢迎的旅游景点是大峡谷（Grand Canyon）。
【免费下载】英美国家文化概况课后选择题答案
UNIT31.Which of the following statements was correct around the time of the American Revolution? The American had the mixed blood of Europeans or their descendants.2. Which of the following was NOT one of the three forces that led to the modern development of Europe?The spiritual leadership of the Roman Catholic Church.3. The following were the main Reformation leaders exceptMartin Luther King4. The following were some of the characteristics of Protestantism exceptsalvation through the church.5. Which of the following American values did NOT come from Puritanism?separation of state and church.6. Lord Baltimore's feudal plan failed becausethe English king did not like the plan.7. The following were the founding fathers of the American Republic exceptWilliam Penn.8. The theory of American politics and the American Revolution originated mainly fromJohn Locke.9. Which of the following was NOT a denomination of Protestantism?Catholics.10. "No taxation without representation" was the rallying cry of “the people of the 13 colonies on the eve of the American Revolution.UNIT41. Which of the following statements was NOT correct? When the War of Independence was over, the relationships between the states and the national government were clearly defined.2. According to the author, the Articles of Confederation failed because of the following reasons. Which is not true?Some new states wanted to be free from the Union.3. Which of the following states refused to participate in the Constitutional Convention?Rhode Island.4. Which of the following statements was NOT correct? When the Constitution was written,t here was a Bill of Rights in the Constitution.5. Which of the following is the only branch that can make federal laws, and levy federal taxes? The legislative.6.Which of the following is NOT a power of the president?The president can make laws.7. The Bill of Rights consists of10 amendments added to the Constitution in 1791.8. Which of the following is NOT guaranteed in the Bill of Rights?The freedom of searching a person's home by police.9. The following were NOT written into the Constitution in 1787 exceptthe powers of the president.10. The New Deal was started byFranklin Roosevelt.UNIT 51. The first factory in the United States was a cotton textile mill in Pawtucket, in the state of Rhode Island.2. The “American system” of mass production was first used in United States.firearms industry3. The United States had the first standard paper currency in 1863.4. In which year was the United States rated NO.1 in terms of production capacity in the world? 19455. Which of the following is NOT considered as part of the service industry?Steelmaking6. The United States was rated forth in the world in terms of land area and the size of population.7. The United States produces as much as half of the world’ssoybeans and corn.8. Which of the following is generally considered as an important institutional factor that contributed to the success of American business and industry?Laissez-faire9. Who has extolled the virtues of farmers?Thomas Jefferson10. The latest technology that farmers have adopted iscomputersUNIT61. Which of the following was NOT a Protestant denomination?The Catholics2. Which of the following is unconstitutional in the United States?Public money is provided to support religious schools.3. Which of the following is NOT regarded as one of the three basic religious beliefs?Islamic4. Which of the following is true?Liberal Protestants and Jews join non-believers in maintaining that abortion is a basic right for women,5. Which of the following continues to have an all-male clergy?The Catholic Church6. Which of the following features is NOT distinctively American?There has been very much concentration on doctrine or religious argument in the US. 7. In the United States, people go to church mainly for the following reasons except for finding a job in society.8. Which of the following statement is NOT correct according to the author?Protestant Church is an established church by law in the US.UNIT 71. Which of the following was a writer of the post-Revolutionary period?Washington Irving2. Which of the following is considered an American masterpiece?Moby Dick3. Which of the following was written by Henry David Thoreau?Walden4. Whitman’s poetry has the following characteristics exceptfragmented haunting images5. Mark Twain’s work are characterized by the following exceptegotism6. Three of the following are characteristics of Emily Dickinson’s poems. Which one is NOT? Her poems are very long and powerful.7. Henry James was mainly interested in writing about American living in Europe.8. Sherwood Anderson is NOT included in the group of naturalists.9. Three of the following authors are Noble Prize winners. Which one is NOT?F.Scott Fitzgerald.10. John Steinbeck does NOT belong to the ‘Lost Generation’.11. Lig ht in August was NOT written by Hemingway.12. Which of the following is NOT an African-American author?Alan Ginsberg13. The following author were women writers who wrote novels in the 19th and early 20th century with the exception ofWilla Cather14. The following writers represent new American voices exceptT.S.Eliot15. Among the following Native American writers, whose publications are regarded as sparking the beginning of the Native American Renaissance?Scott Momaday’sUNIT 81.Which of the following subjects are NOT offered to elementary school students?Politics and business education.2. The expenditure in American public schools is guided or decided by _______.boards of education3. In the United States school systems, which of the following divisions is true?Elementary school, secondary school.4. Which of the following is NOT mentioned in American higher education?Research institutions5. Three of the following factors have contributed to the flourishing of large universities in America, which is the exception?Large universities offer scholarships to all students.6. The most important reason for students wanting to get into more desirable institutions because they find it easy for them to get jobs after having graduated from one of them7. In order to go to university, secondary school students must meet the following requirements except that _______.they pass the college entrance examinations8. Three of the following universities have large endowments from wealthy benefactors. Which is the exception?The State University of New York9. Both public and private universities depend on the following sources of income except _______. Investment10. To get a bachelor's degree, an undergraduate student is required to do the following except taking certain subjects such as history, language and philosophyUNIT 91. Black American sang the anthem of the civil rights movement, ______affirming their commitment to fight racial prejudice.We Shall Overcome!2. The most notorious terrorist group against black civil rights workers in the South was known as Ku Klux Klan.3. The reason why many young people were involved in the social movements of the 1960s was thatthey resented traditional white male values in US society4. In addition to such tactics as sit-ins, young students also added ______to educate people about war in Vietnam.Teach-in5. According to the author, three civil rights groups provided the leadership, the tactics, and the people to fight against Southern segregation. Which is the exception?The students for a democratic society6. A historic moment of the civil rights movement was the March on Washington of August 28, 1963 when ______delivered his “I Have a Dream”Martin Luther King, Jr.7. In January 1965, President Johnson declared “_______” to eliminate poverty “by opening to everyone the opportunity to live in decency and dignity.”War on poverty8. Unlike Martin Luther King, _______the chief spokesperson of Black Muslins advocated violence in self defense and black pride.Malcolm X9.During the early stages of the civil rights movement, the major integration strategy initiated by the Congress of Racial Equality was known as _____to integrate interstate buses and bus station in the South.Freedom rides10. Due to his firm belief in nonviolent peaceful protest in the spirit of India’s leader Gandhi, _______was awarded the Noble Peace Prize in 1964.Martin Luther King,Jr.11. The one group within the counter culture best known for their pursuit of happiness as their only goal in life was called____the Hippies12. In the 1960s, feminism was reborn. Many women were dissatisfied with their lives, and in 1963, with the publication of _______by _________, they found a voice.The Feminine Mystique, Betty FriedanUNIT 101. Which of the following statement is NOT true about blacks after the 1960s?Blacks felt that they could be fully integrated into the mainstream of American life.2. the main factor contributing to the widening income gap between blacks and whites in the 1970s was _____black had low position and low pay in the workplace hierarchy3. Which of the following is NOT the reason for the higher arrest rates among minority groups? The aggressive nature of these groups.4. Which of the following does NOT belong to the white-collar crime?Robbery5. Which of the following statement is NOT true?The Northern states did not have racial discrimination.6. Accoding to the text, which of the following is NOT a dysfunction caused by drug abuse? Drug abuse is a major cause of unemployment.7. If white-collar crimes were included in the Crime Index, the profile of a typical criminal in the United States would be the following EXCEPTliving near city centers8. Which of the following used human beings as guinea pigs to test drugs like LSD?The CIAUNIT111. When did the word stereotype come into use in English?Early 17th century2. Which organization in the United States demonstrated strongly against any laws that might restrict gun ownership?The NRA (national Rifle Association)3. Which of the following websites are meant to cater to young tastes?Facebook4. Who was the author of the popular play The Melting Pot which was associated with life in America since the late 18th century?Israel Zangwill5. What was the major historical event that resulted in the separation of the Protestants from the Roman Catholic Church?The 16th-century Reformation6. Which of the following expressions represents the core value of the mainstream society in the USA?Life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness.7. Which of the following was President Franklin D.Roosevelt’s main concern?Social justice8. According to the author, the mosaic metaphor for American image has one fatal flaw. What is it?American is not open to change .9.The internet has several characteristics that reflect life in the USA today. Which one is NOT? People can freely download MP3 music10. Which of the following institution is responsible for the making of the Internet?The US military11. Free use of the Internet in the US responds to the basic American values, except that _____it doesn’t help create material wealth.12. Which of the following helps theorize the concept of Fraternity? Karl Marx。
美国文化测试试卷答案
American culture testDirection: Answer the following questions.1. In the United States, immigrants fall into several categories, each with its own label such as “ the early immigrants,”“ the old immigrants,”“ the new immigrants,” and “the most recent immigrants.”Describe these immigrants in the historical context and point out their distinctive features in national origins and religious beliefs.(1)The early immigrants (the colonial period) The English 1607 Virginia, New England settlers: Pilgrim and Puritans, Protestant faith. Gentry class, religious tolerance, political egalitarianism. The Germans. The Scotch-Irish. Other Ethnic Groups: diversity.(2)The old immigrants (the mid-nineteenth century)The mid-nineteenth century saw mainly an influx from northern Europe.The Industrial Revolution .Overpopulation in Europe. Religious persecution combined with transportation revolution. Poverty. American fever. Immigration wave.(3)The new immigrants (the early twentieth-century) The early twentieth-century immigrants are mainly from Southern and Eastern Europe. Between 1880 and 1920,southern and eastern Europeans, total of 27 million immigrants.1920-1930 : immigration restriction laws and a major depression put barriers in their way.(4)The most recent immigrants (post-1965)Post-1965 immigrants are mostly from Latin America and Asia. Immigration Act of 1924 virtually closed the door. Quota system. Refugees: Hungarians, Cubans, Vietnamese and Cambodians. The new immigration law of 1965, family reunification, occupation and refugees.1999 Census, 7million immigration most Latinos and Asians. From 1991 to 2000: 10-11 million new immigrants.population from 249 million to 281.The most Recent Immigrants:Latino,Chinese,The Filipinos,The Vietnamese,The Koreans.2. Being a nation of immigrants, the United States has been compared to a “ melting pot,” a “ salad bowl,” or even a “pizza.”How do you understand the complex nature of the ethnic groups in the United States?The United States is compared to a big pot of soup that has bits of flavor from eachdifferent culture.But it still has the mainstream culture and the non-mainstream culture. The early immigrants from Europe are mostly the white,and they easily assimilate into the culture.Now, immigrants are from different culture and race,so it is difficult for them to assimilate into the mainstream culture.It resulted that different ethnical immigrants still owned their traditional habits and characteristics of the original.The racial integration is a complicated, painful process along with the progress of the times.During the period,the racial discrimination gradually faded,and various people integrated into the sciety in different ways.They changed things in American.Each race are also influenced by the American culture.Today,America has the absorption characteristics of all kinds of family. USA has become the super country by making good use of these characteristics. Ethnic diversity makes American prosperity. The immigrants not only brought a variety of culture and lots of work for USA, but also embody the openness and freedom of the American.3. Examine the experience of Chinese immigrants in the United States, noting, in particular, the maltreatment, indeed discrimination, Chinese immigrants encountered there. Additionally, explain how recent Chinese immigrants differ from old Chinese immigrants.Contract laborers: work cheaply and lived frugally. Gold rush 1849 west coast. The Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882.Non-white, non-Christian, incapable of being assimilated into the mainstream culture.They were feared as competitors.Their hard work and long hours for low pay were said to drive down the standard of living of American labor. The early immigrants people had the purpose of making a living across the ocean.They cannot well integrate into the local community.While the new immigrants received higher education at home, and they want to accept more education in USA.Old settlers think that Chinese culture cannot be lost, especially the traditional culture.Howeever,the new immigrants integrate into Western society, accept the mainstream culture,absorb in western culture.4. Read the “Bill of Rights” and comment on it.“Bill of Rights"is of great influence on the American history. Especially,the first rule in the bill of rights has the profound and lasting influence for the development of America. It becomes personal freedom’s unshakable talisman. A major flaw--"bill of rights" didn’t amend the constitution, namely to confirm the slavery. The bill of rights is to protect citizens against the federal government’s involvement. The first amendment for the most famous goal is to protect the freedom of speech, freedom of the press, freedom of religion and other rights. The bill of rights is the most imposing restrictions on government, and it provided the things that the federal government cannot do so as to protect the individual freedom from government persecution.The fundamental purpose is to ensure that the state power is from the national people.It advised to establish the government by people,and eliminate the government’s restrictions on personal freedom.The country is based on personal rights,in order to prevent the generation of authoritarian regime. The bill of rights reflects the people’s requirements in the nation,and provides the basic rights of citizens, embodies the thought of people's sovereignty and the declaration of independence of spirit.5. Read the “Declaration of Independence” and comment on it.“The Declaration of Independence ”mainly absorbed the thinker John Locke’s thinking—natural rights.The declaration uses the simple words,but has the significant meanings.It is the incomparable documents in the history of America. The Declaration of Independence includes three parts: the first part expounds the nation, political philosophy, that is the democracy and freedom of philosophy; the second part lists the king on the colony's brutal rule, states the practical reason for the colonies from England; the third part solemnly declared independence. The Declaration of Independence not only declared the birth of a new nation,but also expressed political demands of the bourgeoisie for the first time.The form of political program played a powerful role in the west bourgeois revolution. The declaration analyses of the human rights--the theory of rights in the people,and reflects the period of bourgeois revolution spirit. The declaration is the first the Universal Declaration of human rights in human history.Itencouraged the North American people's struggle for independence and liberation of the Chinese nation spirit.We can call it as a programmatic document of the war of independence and the banner of revolution. The declaration of independence had a major impact on the American future’s development,and it also promoted the development of world history. Freedom equal rights in the declaration can only be bourgeois power, and it reflects the essence of the bourgeois class.So it is served for capitalist system.。
美国文化练习题
1-1______1. One factor affecting lifestyles in the United States is the different climates.______2. American Indians all speak the same language.______3. The dominant American culture was established by immigrants who came from southern Europe._______4. Throughout the history of the United States, more immigrants have come from English-speaking countries than any other countries.______5. Zangwill believed that immigrants would lose their native cultures and become something different when they came to the United States.______6.All immigrants want to assimilate to the U.S. culture completely; they have no desire to maintain their own culture.______7. U.S. immigration policy has stayed the same for the last 100 years.______8. The English Language has no adjective for United States and therefore uses the term American to refer to its people.______9. It is not possible to make generalizations about what Americans believe because they are so different.______10. Many of the characteristics of Americans which Alexis de Tocqueville observed in the 1830s are still true today.1-21. In what year did Alexis de Tocqueville come to visit the United States?2. In what year did Israel Zangwill write a play in which he used the term melting pot?3. What does Cablinasian mean, and who made up this word?1-3What qualities give people a national ___1___? Do they have to have characteristics that are ___2___ from those of other countries? The people who are part of a ___3___ group may feel they have a set of characteristics that differ from those of the majority in their country.2-11. Why would the __constitution________ of a country forbid titles of nobility? (titles such as "princess" or "sir")2. If there are no titles of nobility, how does a society recognize people with high social _status_________?3. Which do you think is more important to Americans, the well-being of the group or the _____individual_____?4. What do immigrants have to do to _____achieve_____ success in their new country?5. What are some of the natural _____resources_____ found on the North American continent?6. What ____benefit______ does a person get from being self-_reliant_________?7. When would it not be ____ethical______ to compete with someone?8. What country provided the language and the _________ for the political and economic systems of the United States?9. What problems might cause a person to need _____welfare_____________?2-21. Early settlers came to the North American continent and established colonies mainly because they wanted to be free from _______a______.a. the power of kings, priests, and noblemen.b. the influence of their families.c. the problems of poverty and hunger.2. There are no titles of nobility in the United States today because __c________________.a. no one likes aristocrats.b. the church does not allow it.c. they are forbidden by the Constitution.3. The price that Americans pay for their individual freedom is ______a____________.a. self-reliance.b. competition.c. hard work.4. The American belief in self-reliance means that _________________.a. receiving money from charity, family, or the government is never allowed.b. if a person is very dependent on others, he or she will be respected by others.c. people must take care of themselves and be independent, or risk losing their personal freedom.5. The American belief in equality of opportunity means that _________________.a. all Americans are rich.b. Americans believe that everyone should be equal.c. everyone should have an equal chance to succeed.6. In the United States, learning to compete successfully is ______________.a. part of growing up.b. not seen as healthy by most people.c. not necessary, because Americans believe in equality.7. Traditionally, immigrants have been able to raise their standard of living by coming to the United States because _____________________.a. Americans value money more than anything else.b. there were such abundant natural resources.c. the rich have shared their wealth with the poor.8. Americans see their material possessions as _____________________.a. having nothing to do with social status.b. the natural reward of their hard work.c. showing no evidence of a person's abilities.9. A belief in the value of hard work ______________.a. developed because it was necessary to work hard to convert natural resources into material goods.b. developed because the immigrants who came here had a natural love of hard work.c. has never been a part of the American value system because people have so much.10. In reality, such American ideals as equality of opportunity and self-reliance _______________a. do not exist because there is no equality in the United States.b. are always put into practice in the United States and truly describe American life.c. are only partly carried out in real life, but are still important because people believe in them.2-31. John Zogby is an American pollster who __________________________.2. By freedom, Americans mean the desire and the right to ___________________________________.3. Millions came to the United States to ________________________________.4. The working poor have low-paying jobs that do not ___________________________.5. Of course, new immigrants continue to ____________________________.3-11. Although the overwhelming majority of Americans are Christians, all religions make important contributions to the American culture.a. things you give or do in order to help make something successful.b. official statements made by religious leaders to inspire people.2. In contrast to Catholic traditions, Protestant leaders had a different attitude toward work. They believed that the workof all people was holy.a. the opinions, feelings, or beliefs about somethingb. particular practice or customary behavior.3. The idea of mixing materialism (love of things) and religion may seem contradictory. Religion is considered to be concerned with spiritual matters, not material possessions.a. differentb. similar or almost the same4. Many businesses encourage their employees to do volunteer work, such as helping clean up parks or doing other community projects in their spare time.a. without being paidb. necessary or required5. Perhaps the most dramatic example of the idea of self-improvement is the experience of being "born again."a. uncertain or undecidedb. exciting and impressive6.America's religious heritage seems to have encouraged certain basic values that members of many diverse faiths find easy to accept. This has helped to unite many different religious groups in the United States without requiring any to abandon their faiths.a. to leave behind a particular idea or principleb. to try to convince others to join your religious faith3-2_____1.Although there is cultural pluralism in the United States, there is no religious pluralism._____2.The Protestant denominations (such as Methodist, Baptist, and Presbyterian) are all part of the Roman Catholic church._____3.No single church has become the center of religious life in the United States because the emphasis is on the individual, not a particular church._____4.Most of the settlers who came to colonial America to escape religious persecution in Europe were Catholics._____5. The Constitution of the United States separates church and state and forbids the government from ever establishing a national church._____6. Protestantism encourages a strong desire for self-improvement._____7. Some American Protestant leaders have said that people who are rich have been blessed by God._____8. The Protestant work ethnic is the belief that people should share their time and their wealth to help others._____9. A majority of Americans now consider themselves part of the religious, politically conservative movement._____10. The national religion of the United States is a mixture of religion and patriotism.3-31.In Protestantism, every individual is __________ responsible for his or her own soul.2. There was freedom of religion in the new nation. ___________, there were many Protestants who came seeking religious freedom.3. _________, some wealthy Americans, such as Andrew Carnegie in the 1900s, have made generous contributions to help others.4. Crowds _________ sang “God Bless America” in the weeks after 9/11.5. The Native American religions are studied today, ________ for their teachings about living in harmony with nature.6. __________ after 9/11, there was an outpouring of love, charity, and patriotism around country.7. Protestantism has __________ encouraged a strong and restless desire for self-improvement.4-11. The frontier experience began in about 1890 and is still continuing in the American West today.2. One reason why many Americans are still fascinated by the frontier period is that it represents a time when the traditional basic American values were expressed in their purest form.3. The settling of the frontier did little to affect the lives of the American Indians.4. Daniel Boone is an example of the earliest type of rugged individualist hero, a man who fights against the wilderness.5. The primary qualities of the American macho hero are intelligence, sensitivity, and caring for others.6. It is difficult for the average American to buy a gun, so very few people own them.7. Members of the NRA (and many gun owners) believe the right to own a gun is guaranteed in the United States.8. The can-do spirit came from the willingness of the pioneers to work together on a cooperative project for the good of all.9. On the frontier, family name and ancestry were more important than what a person could do.10. On the frontier, the rich and the poor rarely mixed, and social class was more important than in the more settled regions.4-21. In many action movies, the heroes are expected to be able to fight with their ____________.2. Some people prefer to _________ life on the frontier; they do not want to look at its negative aspects.3. If you are reading a book that is so interesting that you can’t put it down, you are _______ by the book.4. Frontier people were good examples of the American national values; these people _______ these values.5. In order to succeed, people living on the frontier had to overcome many difficulties and _________, such as clearing the land for farming.6. Americans like to remember the days on the frontier; they feel ____________ about the Old West.7.Some Americans worry that their children are becoming _________ to the violence and killing on television. It doesn't’t seem to bother them.5-11. In the aristocratic European nations the settlers left behind, the material wealth and comforts of the ruling classes were guaranteed by their birth.a. certain to happenb. unlikely to happen2. Unlike many countries where the love of material things was seen as a vice, a mark of weak moral character, in the United States it was seen as a virtue, a positive incentive to work hard, and a reward for successful efforts.a. encouragementb. discouragement3. Mass advertising crosses media; there are ads for movies on TV, and ads for TV shows in the movie theaters and at the beginning of movie videos.a. TV, radio, and newspapersb. interests and viewpoints4. Because Americans place such a high value on individual freedom, particularly freedom of speech, they have traditionally been very hesitant to censor, or even restrict, the flow of information by any means of communication.a. allowb. limit5. Americans viewed the material wealth and abundance of the United States as an ever-expanding pie that would continue to grow so that all people could get a bigger piece of a bigger pie.a. becoming largerb. becoming smaller6. The cost of maintaining a high standard of living has been rising, while the number of high-paying factory jobs has been declining.a. going upb. going down7. Many full-time minimum-wage-earners cannot afford to rent an apartment that is not subsidized by government funds.a. partly paidb. guaranteed to be safe8. Because of the profound effect abundance has had on the American belief system, a widespread perception of its decline could have important consequences.a. happening in many situationsb. happening in only a few situations5-21.Which of the following statements is not true?a. The European settlers found a North American continent that was rich in undeveloped resources.b. The values of the American people inspired them to develop a wilderness continent into a wealthy nation.c. The American government discouraged them from developing the natural resources.2. Tocqueville believed that in a nation such as the United States, where wealth and social position are not determined by birth, _____________________________a. the rich are not worried about keeping their wealth.b. everyone is worried about either acquiring wealth or holding on to it if they have it.c. people worry about money so much because they are basically very greedy.3. Americans probably think of themselves more as consumers than producers because _______________.a. few people are still farmers.b. they are influenced by mass advertising.c. they are concerned about competing on the international market.4. The spread of cable and satellite TV means that ____________________.a. there are no longer any public television shows available to watch.b. Americans now have to pay for every individual program they choose to watch.c. more people are now watching cable programs than network shows on NBC, ABC, CBS, or Fox.5. Americans believe that censorship of material on television _______________.a. should be extremely strict because children must be protected.b. is a difficult issue because they believe in the right of free speech.c. is the responsibility of the government, not the people who create the programs.6. The spread of cable and satellite TV has meant that _______________.a. more Americans watch the networks ABC, NBC, CBS, and Fox than other channels.b. there is a virtually unlimited variety of television programs available.c. the number of people watching one program at the same time has increased dramatically.7. The “digital divide” means that ___________________________a. people who cannot afford a computer are at a disadvantage.b. people are divided between those who have digital television and those who do not.c.opinion is divided about the quality of digital cameras and television sets.8. Based on information in the What American Consumers Like section, which one of the these statements is true?a. Americans like new products and want to improve old ones.b. When buying a chair, most Americans would be more concerned about its beauty than its comfort.c. Most Americans don’t wear deodorants because they like the natural odors of the body.9. Which of these is implied, but not stated directly, in the What American Consumers Like section of the chapter?a. Fast food is as healthy as home-cooked food.b. Most of the cooking is done by women.c. Men use credit cards more often than women.10.The view that a country’s economy is an ever-expanding pie ________________.a. is held by most nations in the world today.b. is a belief held by Americans and reinforced by their experiences.c. is a belief that a country’s food supply will continually expand.5-31. Unlike many countries where the love of material things was seen as a _________, a mark of weak moral character, in the United States it was seen as a _________, a _________ incentive to work hard, and a reward for successful efforts.2. Tocqueville thought that Americans might be insecure if their material wealth could change so rapidly either _________ or __________ during a lifetime.3. Mass advertising reinforces the American’s self-image as a _________________.4. The goods that a country sends out of the country are called ______________.5. ______________ television has no commercials, and programs are paid for by donations and government grants.6. In order to maintain a good standard of living, some couples believe that they need two ______________.7. During times of economic __________, Americans become _________ about their future lives.6-11.______________, if one business tries to take unfair advantage of its customers, it will lose to a competing business which treats its customers more fairly.2. Gaining success and status through competition is often seen as the American ___________ to systems where social rank is based on family background.3. Entrepreneurs often began as common people themselves; without the _______________of inherited social title or inherited money, they became "self-made" millionaires.4. A final characteristic of entrepreneurs which appeals to most Americans is their strong dislike of __________ to higher authority.5. Small businesses are also an important source of creativity and ___________ in the American marketplace, particularly in the field of technology.6. Arianna Huffington details how CEOs took huge sums of money from the ___________ they were managing and spent it on themselves.7. Americans' respect for their business institutions rises and falls in _______________, going back to the Industrial Revolution of the 1800s.8. Traditionally, Republicans have been in favor of a laissez-faire, or hands-off ___________ , and Democrats have favored more regulations and safeguards.9. Today, women hold about one-half of the professional specialty, executive, __________, and managerial occupations in the United States.10. Some businesses provide _________ working hours and day care centers in the building, but most do not.6-21. Most American businesses are directly or indirectly owned by the government.2. Most Americans believe that business supports ideals and values which are important to the country.3. Americans believe that competition among businesses is good for the economy but it does little to protect the freedom of the individual.4. To succeed in American business, Americans believe that family background and social position are more important than anything, including hard work.5. Most Americans believe t:hat success in business offers the best chance to fulfill the dream of being wealthy.6. The entrepreneur may be admired since he or she started a successful business from practically nothing.7. Women now make up about half of the workforce and are CEOs of about half of the large corporations in the United States.8. In the global economy, American businesses have become more competitive by hiring many new workers andenlarging their companies.9. CEOs have been criticized for spending large amounts of company money on themselves.10. Men and women who put their families first may have difficulty getting top managerial jobs in the United States.6-31. A government-run system of production and distribution of goods is seen as inferior.a. sharingb. givingc. supplyingd. collecting2. The people who, more than 100 years ago, built up the nation’s great industries, such as steel, railroads, and oil refining, were usually entrepreneurs.a. purifyingb. sellingc. cleaningd. improving3. The strong influence of the success stories of the early entrepreneurs can be found in the great popularity of the novels of Horatio Alger, which were published in late-nineteenth and early-twentieth-century America.a. producedb. printedc. hiddend. created4. There have also been instances of business leaders saving important corporations.a. strategiesb. examplesc. occasionsd. occurrences5. The World Bank estimates that exports make up about one-quarter of the global economic output.a.productionb.yieldc.goodsd.imports6. New small businesses provide temporary workers to companies that are outsourcing, and individuals find new ways to do business over the Internet.a. permanentb. passingc. limitedd. short-term7.Today, women make up about one-half of high-paying executive, administrative, and managerial occupations.a. employersb. jobsc. professionsd. employment8. A number of women are choosing to drop out of the workforce and stay home with their children or to find work they can do at home-working on a computer linked to their office, for example.a. connectedb. tiedc. separatedd. coupled9. One of the worst problems facing American women is that overall they earn about seventy-eight cents for every dollar earned by American men.a. on averageb. considering everythingc. generallyd. individually10. Many believe that this multicultural workforce will ultimately help the United States compete in the global marketplace.a.finallyb.firstlystlyd.eventually7-11. The way in which the national government is organized in the U.S. Constitution provides an excellent illustration of the American suspicion of governmental power.a. example that shows the truth very clearlyb. argument against an idea2. The judicial branch both interprets the law and determines whether the law is constitutional-that is, whether the law is permitted under the U.S. Constitution.a. explainsb. rejects3. The Senate has certain powers over foreign treaties and military actions.a. relating to legislative mattersb. relating to war4. This requires the president to have "the advice and consent of the Senate" before taking certain action on the international front.a. permission to do somethingb. a careful plan for action5. The Bill of Rights guarantees the right of a fair criminal procedure for those accused of breaking laws.a. punishmentb. method6. The recount found an even smaller margin, fewer than l,000 votes separating the two candidates.a.difference (in the number of votes)b.problem with the voting process7. After a series of legal challenges, the U.S. Supreme Court decided about a month after the election that the Florida state legislature had a right to stop recounting the ballots and certify the electoral votes.a. events that are related and have a particular resultb. events that break the law and have consequences8. The Great Depression of the 1930s greatly weakened the businessperson's position as the American ideal of the free individual, and big business lost respect.a. a time when there was not much business activity and many people had no jobsb. a time when there was much corruption and greed among business leaders9. The widespread unemployment and other economic hardships of the Depression gave rise to the assumption that individuals could not be expected to rely solely on themselves in providing for their economic security.a. promise that something will happen in the futureb. belief (that you think is true although you have no proof)10. Still, it is individuals, their rights, their interests, and their ambitions, not those of the nation as a whole, that are the focus of attention.a. emphasisb. difficulty7-21. Americans do not want to have a strong national government because ___________________.a. they are afraid of their political leaders.b. they are afraid it will put limits on their individual freedom.c. they are much more concerned with national glory2. The Constitution of the United States ___________________.a. gives by far the most power to Congress.b. gives by far the most power to the president.c. tries to give each branch enough power to balance the others.3. The president of the United States ________________.a. has the power to make official treaties with foreign governments without the approval of Congress.b. can veto a law that has been passed by Congressc. is elected if his political party wins most of the seats in Congress4. The Bill of Rights ___________________.a. explains the rights of Congress and the rights of the president.b. guarantees citizens of the United States specific individual rights and freedoms.c. is part of the Declaration of Independence.5. The American ideal of the free individual ____________________.a. was exemplified by the farmers and the frontier settlers in the late 1700s and early 1800s.b. was exemplified by the businessman before the Civil War of the 1860s.c. caused the national government to grow in size and strength during the late 1800s.6. The number of electoral votes a candidate receives _______________.a. is determined by who wins the total popular vote nationwide.b. is determined by the states the candidate wins.c. is equal to the number of seats each state has in the House of Representatives.7. Which of these statements is true?a. George W. Bush became president in 2000 because he won a plurality of votes nationwide.b.The Supreme Court played a major role in the 2000 election.c. Most Americans dislike Social Security because they see it as a form of welfare.8. Stronger gun-control laws are favored by ______________.a. the National Rifle Association.b. most of the American people.c. very few Americans9. Which statement about lobby groups is NOT true?a. They have become less powerful in recent years.b. They try to influence the government and public opinion.c. They have caused the government to get larger.10. Which statement about the traditional stances of the political parties is FALSE?a. The Democrats believe that government should play a major role in solving society’s problems.b. The Republicans believe that business and the free market can solve society’s problems.c. The Republicans and the Democrats basically agree about the role of government and they have the same political beliefs.7-31.The Supreme Court both interprets a _____________ and determines whether it is constitutional.2. The president may veto a ____________ he doesn’t like and send it back to Congress.3. The Senate has to ratify a _________ that the president has signed.4. If an election is very close, a candidate may request that the officials recount the ____________.5. The president serves a ____________ of four years.6. The judicial branch settles _________ about the exact meaning of the law through court cases.7. The Democratic and Republican parties each nominate a ___________ for president.8-11. Scholars who see the United States as a "salad bowl" emphasize ___________________.a.the great extent of racial and ethnic assimilation in the United States.b. the many differences between different racial and ethnic groups in the United States.c. the rapid growth of the population of the United States.2. In American society, there are some members of ethnic groups (such as some Jews and Hispanics) that are bicultural; they feel that __________________.a. they are fully assimilated into American societyb. they do not belong at all to American society.c. they belong to American society, but at the same time they also have another separate identity.3. Which of the following was not a characteristic of the dominant American culture during the early decades of the nation's history?a. Catholicb. western Europeanc. middle-class4. Which of the following was true about the political bosses in northeastern cities during the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries?a. They were more afraid of new immigrants than were other Americans.b. They were more cruel to new immigrants than were other Americans.c. They were more helpful to new immigrants than were other Americans.5. Today ethnic groups in the United States ___________________.。
美国文化概况练习题及答案。
美国⽂化概况练习题及答案。
I. Choose the answer that best suits the question.1. In the late 15th century, Christopher Columbus，a(n)___________navigator, led his men to sail across the vast ocean and reached some small islands in the now West Indies.A. FrenchB. SpanishC. ItalianD. English2. In 1787，delegates from the states held a meeting in Philadelphia to make the Articles of Confederation adequate. The meeting came to be called the ____.A. First Continental CongressB. Second Continental CongressC. Constitutional ConventionD. Independent Convention3. In American history，the Pilgrim Fathers refer to those who came to Plymouth on board of ____.A. a French shipB. a British shipC. MayflowerD. an Italian ship4. ____ was not the main Reformation leaders.A.Martin LutherB. Martin Luther KingC. John CalvinD. The English King Henry VIII5. ____ was among the Founding Fathers of the American Republic.A. Abraham LincolnB. Franklin RooseveltC. Theodore RooseveltD. John Adams6. The following were some of the characteristics of Protestantism except ____A. challenging the authority of the Pope.B. salvation through faith.C. salvation through the church.D. establishing a direct contact with God.7. The main mountain range in the west of US stretching from the Canadian border to New Mexico is ________.A. the Appalachian MountainsB. the Rocky MountainsC. the Green MountainsD. the Blue Ridge Mountains8. Which of the following statements was correct around the time of the American Revolution?A. The American had the mixed blood of European or their descendants.B. The American had the mixed blood of Europeans with American Indians.C. The American has the mixed blood of Europeans with blacks.D. The American had the blood of the English and their descendants.9. Which of the following American values did NOT come from Puritanism?A. separation of state and church.B. respect of education.C. intolerant moralismD. a sense of mission.10. Lord Baltimore's feudal plan failed because __________A. there were more Protestant than Catholics in Maryland.B. the wilderness of the continent made the plan impossible.C. there was plenty of land while labor was scarce.D. the English king did not like the plan.11. One of the oldest towns (landed in 1513) in the US is ___________.A. New YorkB. BostonC. PhiladelphiaD. St. Augustine12. “No taxation without representation” was the rallying cry of ____.A. the settlers of VirginiaB. the people of PennsylvaniaC. the colonists in New EnglandD. the people of the 13 colonies on the eve of the American Revolution13. The theory of American politics and the American Revolution originated mainly from ___A. George Washington.B. Thomas Jefferson.C. John Adams.D. John Locke.14. Which of the following was NOT a denomination of Protestantism?A. Catholics.B. Puritans.C. Quakers.D. Church of England.15. The birthplace of the country is in ____.A. New York CityB. PhiladelphiaC. WashingtonD. C. D. Lexington16. The clash at Concord and Lexington marked ____.A. the beginning of the War of IndependenceB. the beginning of the second Continental CongressC. a minor clash between the British and the colonists with no significanceD. none of the aboveII. Fill in the blanks.1.The Declaration of Independence states that every man is equal and that theyare endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable rights, among which are ______, ______ and the pursuit of happiness.2.The first English permanent settlement in North America was called ______in ______(bigger place).3.American National Day is set on ______ so as to mark the adoption ofDeclaration of Independence.4.____________discovered the New World in 1492.5.In 1620, the first group of Puritans sailed to the New World by the ship_________ and named the new place where they settled down _________, the name of their starting place in England.6.__________ is the main author of Declaration of Independence?7.There were _____ states when the United States of America was founded.II.Explain the following termsBenjamin FranklinPuritanismIII.Answer the following questions briefly.1.What were some of the causes of the American War of Independence?2.What are the major ideas in the Declaration of Independence?。
美国文化概况练习题及答案。（小编整理）
美国文化概况练习题及答案。
（小编整理）第一篇：美国文化概况练习题及答案。
I.Choose the answer that best suits the question.1.In the late 15th century, Christopher Columbus，a(n)___________navigator, led his men to sail across the vast ocean and reached some small islands in the now West Indies.A.FrenchB.SpanishC.ItalianD.English2.In 1787，delegates from the states held a meeting in Philadelphia to make the Articles of Confederation adequate.The meeting came to be called the ____.A.First Continental CongressB.Second Continental CongressC.Constitutional ConventionD.Independent Convention3.In American history，the Pilgrim Fathers refer to those who came to Plymouth on board of ____.A.a French shipB.a British shipC.MayflowerD.an Italian ship4.____ was not the main Reformation leaders.A.Martin LutherB.Martin Luther KingC.John CalvinD.The English King Henry VIII5.____ was among the Founding Fathers of the American Republic.A.Abraham LincolnB.Franklin RooseveltC.Theodore RooseveltD.John Adams6.The following were some of the characteristics of Protestantism except ____A.challenging the authority of the Pope.B.salvation through faith.C.salvation through the church.D.establishing a direct contact with God.7.The main mountain range in the west of US stretching from the Canadian border to New Mexico is ________.A.the Appalachian MountainsB.the Rocky MountainsC.the Green MountainsD.the Blue Ridge Mountains8.Which of the following statements was correct around the time of the American Revolution?A.The American had the mixed blood of European or their descendants.B.The American had the mixed blood of Europeans with American Indians.C.The American has the mixed blood of Europeans with blacks.D.The American had the blood of the English and their descendants.9.Which of the following American values did NOT come from Puritanism?A.separation of state and church.B.respect of education.C.intolerant moralismD.a sense of mission.10.Lord Baltimore's feudal plan failed because __________A.there were more Protestant than Catholics in Maryland.B.the wilderness of the continent made the plan impossible.C.there was plenty of land while labor was scarce.D.the English king did not like the plan.11.One of the oldest towns(landed in 1513)in the US is ___________.A.New YorkB.BostonC.PhiladelphiaD.St.Augustine12.“No taxation without representation” was the rallying cry of ____.A.the settlers of VirginiaB.the people of PennsylvaniaC.the colonists in New EnglandD.the people of the 13 colonies on the eve of the American Revolution13.The theory of American politics and the American Revolution originated mainly from ___A.George Washington.B.Thomas Jefferson.C.John Adams.D.John Locke.14.Which of the following was NOT adenomination of Protestantism?A.Catholics.B.Puritans.C.Quakers.D.Church of England.15.The birthplace of the country is in ____.A.New York City B.PhiladelphiaC.WashingtonD.C.D.Lexington16.The clash at Concord and Lexington marked ____.A.the beginning of the War of IndependenceB.the beginning of the second Continental CongressC.a minor clash between the British and the colonists with no significanceD.none of the aboveII.Fill in the blanks.1.The Declaration of Independence states that every man is equal and that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable rights, among which are ______, ______ and the pursuit of happiness.2.The first English permanent settlement in North America was called ______ in ______(bigger place).3.American National Day is set on ______ so as to mark the adoption of Declaration of Independence.4.____________discovered the New World in 1492.5.In 1620, the first group of Puritans sailed to the New World by the ship _________ and named the new place where they settled down _________, the name of their starting place in England.6.__________ is the main author of Declaration of Independence?7.There were _____ states when the United States of America was founded.II.Explain the following termsBenjamin FranklinPuritanismIII.Answer the following questions briefly.1.What were some of the causes of the American War of Independence?2.What are the major ideas in the Declaration ofIndependence?第二篇：概况模拟题(八)美国文化英语考研英美概况模拟题（八）美国文化部分CultureI.Multiple Choice1.In America the academic year lasts nine months, from September to _____, with winter and spring vocations.A.JulyB.JuneC.August2.In elementary schools, courses for children include the following except _____.A.reading, writing B.social coursesC.foreign languagesD.sciences, art and musicE.cooking or other manual skills3.The American teachers’ pay and prestige are _____ in comparison with the general standard of living.A.highB.lowC.almost the same4.There are over _____ universities, colleges and other institutions in the United States.A.2,000B.2,500C.3,0005.Today more than _____ of all the private colleges have some kind of church connection.A.1/3B.1/2C.1/56.The library in _____ was the first private library in the US.A.Harvard College B.Yale CollegeC.College of New Jersey7.The first public library was founded in 1731 in _____.A.BostonB.PhiladelphiaC.Chicago8.At present America has more than _____ free public libraries.A.6,000B.5,000C.7,0009.VOA Radio Station was established in _____.A.1924B.1934C.189410.All the newspapers and magazines in America are _____ owned.A.publiclyB.privatelyC.locally11._____ is the winter sport in American schools and colleges.A.FootballB.BasketballC.Baseball12.It was the _____ immigrants in the mid-19th century who introduced skiing into the United States.A.ScandinavianB.DutchC.French13.101 American people won the Nobel Prize after _____.A.WWIB.Civil WarC.WWII14.At the end of WWII the art centre of the world moved from _____ to the new world.A.ParisB.LondonC.Berlin15.The famous story _____ helps Washington Irving earn great fame in the literary world.A.“Rip Van Winkle”B.“The Legend of Sleepy Hollow”C.“The Adventures of a German Student”16._____ is regarded as the father of detective stories.A.Mark TwainB.Edgar Allan Poe C.Herman Melville17._____ is the first writer in America to win the Nobel Prize in literature.A.Sinclair LewisB.Saul BellowC.Ernest Hemingway18.Yale University was founded in _____.A.1701B.1746C.174919.The greatest American playwright is _____.A.Arthur MillerB.Eugene O’Neil C.Robert Frost20._____ belonged to the Lost Generation.A.Ernest Hemingway B.Wilt WhitmanC.Tennessee Williams21.The most popular sport in America is _____.A.baseballB.basketballC.football22.After his death a bust of Henry Wadsworth Longfellow was placed in the poet’s corn er of _____.A.Westminster AbbeyB.camp of Cambridge UniversityC.Oxford University23.For his work, _____ was honoured “The Harlem Laureate”.A.Robert ngston Hughs C.Walt Whitman24.Arthur Miller’s Masterpiece is _____.A.Death of a SalesmanB.The CrucibeC.The Price25._____ is the earliest university in America.A.HarvardB.YaleC.Rhode Island26._____ serves as a bridge which connects secondary schools and universities.A.Four-year college B.Two-year college C.College of arts and science27.Junior college in America is _____.A.two yearsB.three yearsC.four yearsD.five years28._____ is closely associated with the Rockefeller Interest Group.A.New York Times B.Washington Post C.Los Angeles Times29.The tuition in a private college is _____.A.highB.rather highC.quite lowD.tolerable30.In America about _____ of the universities and colleges are private.A.1/2B.1/3C.1/4D.1/531.Hawthorne is a famous American writer in _____ fiction.A.romanticB.realisticC.JewishD.southern32.The most influential newspapers are the following except _____.A.New York TimesB.Washington PostC.Los Angeles TimesD.Wall Street Journal33.Readers’ Digest is a _____ magazine which is published in 15 languages and 39 editions.A.weeklyB.monthlyC.biweeklyD.triweekly34.The major wire services in America are the following except _____.A.the Associated PressB.the United Press InternationalC.the Columbia Broadcasting System35.From 1901 to 1978, 117 Americans won the Nobel Prize, holding _____ of the world Nobel Prize winners.A.halfB.one-thirdC.one-fourth36.Blues is a music of strong rhythm, which was originally sung by _____.A.NegroesB.IndiansC.Europeans37.The Father of American literature was _____.A.Mark TwainB.Washington Irving C.Walt Whitman D.Jack London II.Fill in the Blanks1.American children usually begin their school at the age of _____.2.An elementary school teacher must have a _____ degree of arts with a major in education.3._____, one of the most famous universities in the world, was founded in 1686.4.About _____ percent of the high school graduates can be admitted by universities or colleges.5.There are four grades in universities.They are freshmen, _____, junior and senior.6.About _____ of all the colleges and universities are private.7.A department consists of faculty members raging from full professors to _____.8.The tuition in a _____ college is very high.9.The Library of _____ is the largest public library in the U.S.10.The Franklin D.Roosevelt Library is in _____ Park, New York.11.The academic degrees in America are the Bach elor’s, the _____ and the Doctor’s degrees.12.VOA Radio Station is in the city of _____.13.In 1965 the U.S.A launched the first communication space satellite “_____ _____”.14.The major wire services in America are the _____ Press and the United Press International.15.The popular magazine _____ _____ has the largest circulation in the world.16.VOA now sends news to the whole world in _____ languages day and night.17._____ is the most popular game in autumn.18.Wrestling, boxing, horseracing are called _____ sports.19.The Dutch introduced _____ into the New York areas in the 17th century.20.In the year _____ the first satellite was launched in America.21.From 1901 to 1978 there are 117people in America won the _____ Prize for the research of natural science.22.The Metropolitan Museum and other two museums located in the city of _____ _____.23.Gilbert Stuart is considered America’s first great _____.24._____ is the earliest and the best film studio in America.25.Gone with the Wind was the best known of all _____ films.26.In 1915 the first major feature film Birth of a _____ was made.27.Before the 1960’s many _____ had not been given the right to receive education.28.The American children usually graduate from high school at the age of _____.29.A high school teacher usually has majored in the field of his special interest and in addition, he must have a _____ arts degree in education.30.The University of _____ has more than 128,000 students.31.The students who are working for a bachelor degree are called _____.32.Today about 5 million men and more than 3 million women attend colleges and universities, of which about _____ percent are coeducational.33.Two-year college were originally called “_____ colleges”, but now they are called “_____ colleges”.34.A four-year col lege is often called a “_____ _____ college” or a “college of _____ and _____”.35.One of the measurements for an undergraduate in academic progress is credit or “credit hours”, or “_____”.36.VOA has _____ broadcasting stations, sending news to the whole world in _____ languagesday and night.37.The first music in the American colonies was _____ music.38.Jazz music developed out of the music of the early American _____.39._____ _____ was considered the father of American literature.40.Hawthorne’s best novel is The _____ _____.41._____ _____ is the pen name of Samuel L.Clements.42.Whitman is remembered for his poems The _____ of _____.43.The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn is considered_____ _____’s masterpiece.44.Ernest Hemingway belonged to the _____ generation.45.The best novel written by Theodore Dreiser is “_____ _____ _____”.46.The novel Martin Eden was written by _____ _____.47._____ _____ became pessimistic and committed suicide at the age of 40.48.The two main successful novels written by Sinclair Lewi s are “_____ _____” and “_____”.49.“_____ _____ _____ _____ _____” earned Ernest Hemingway a Nobel Prize in literature.III.Define the Following Terms1.credit2.The Library of Congress3.spectator sports4.Jazz music5.VOAIV.Answer the Following Questions1.What do American schools lay emphasis on?2.What are the characteristics of American literature during the 17th and 18th centuries?英语考研英美概况模拟题（八）美国文化部分答案：Part IIII.BCBABABBCBAABAABAABAAABAABAABCADCCBABII.1.6bachelorHarvard60sophomore1/4instructorsprivateCon gressHyde Master’sWashingtonEarly BirdAssociatedReaders’ Digest41Footballspectator bowling1958NobelNew YorkartistHollywoodromanticNationNegroes18masterCalifornia undergraduate85Junior, Communityliberal arts, arts, sciencepoints16churchNegroesWashington IrvingScarlet LetterMark Twain Leaves, GrassMark TwainlostThe American TragedyJack LondonJack LondonMain Street, BabbitThe Old Man and the Sea第三篇：英美概况美国历史练习题英美概况美国历史练习题I.Multiple Choices1.The history of the U.S.is generally agreed to have begun in _____.A.1620 B.1607 C.17762.The following states are among the first thirteen colonies except _____.A.Maryland B.South Carolina C.Delaware D.Colorado3._____ was the first man who sailed around the earth.A.John CabotB.MagellanC.BalboaD.Cartier4.The colonial life can be described as the following except _____.A.simpleB.easyC.roughD.hard5.The Stamp Act was passed in _____ and was repealed in _____.A.1765, 1766 B.1764, 1765 C.1763, 17646.The First Continental Congress was held in _____ in September, 1774.A.Philadelphia B.Boston C.New York7.The American War of Independence started in _____ and ended in _____.A.1776, 1784 B.1775, 1783 C.1706, 17148.Washington won the great victory on December 26, 1776 in _____.A.Gettysburg B.Pittsburgh C.Trenton9.The battle of _____ marked the turning point of the War of Independence.A.New York B.Saratoga C.Bunker Hill10.On October 19th, 1781, the British General Cornwallis and his 7,000 men surrendered at _____.A.Yorktown B.BostonC.Charleston11.The Constitutional Convention was held in 1787 to_____.A.The Articles of the Confederation B.Bill of RightsC.Civil Rights12.The first ten amendments, known as _____, were added to the Constitution in 1791.A.the Bill of Rights B.the Articles C.Civil Rights13.After the Federal Government was established, the city _____ was chosen as the capital for the time being.A.WashingtonB.New YorkC.Philadelphia14.The“Common Sense” was written by _____.A.Thomas Edison B.Thomas Paine C.Thomas Jefferson15.The Second President John Adams adopted a high-handedwhich was called _____.A.the “Intolerable Acts” B.Un-American ActivitiesC.the Sedition Act 16.The greatestmade by President Thomas Jefferson was his _____.A.abolishing the Sedition Act B.reducing taxesC.purchasing Louisiana from France17.The Second Anti-English War broke out in _____ and ended in _____.The U.S.won the war.A.1812, 1814 B.1813, 1815 C.1814, 181618.As the result of the U.S.-Mexican War, nearly _____ of the entire territory of Mexico was lost.A.1/4 B.1/2 C.1/319.In 1844 the U.S.forced the Chinese Government to sign the firsttreaty of _____.A.WangxiaB.Nanjing C.Tianjin20.The Articles of Confederation was accepted by all the _____ states in _____.A.50, 1781 B.13, 1781 C.13, 178721._____ was chosen as the capital for the time being in Washington's administration.A.New York B.Chicago C.Boston22.It was _____ who advanced four plans which met bitter criticisms from many people.A.Alexander Hamilton B.Thomas JeffersonC.George Washington23._____ was the first American President who was inaugurated in the city of Washington.A.John Adams B.Thomas Jefferson C.James Madison24.The War with England between 1812 and 1814 happened during the administration of President _____.A.James MadisonB.James MonroeC.John Adams25.The _____ stopped the Holy Alliance's program, and prevented the European countries from extending their influence.A.Monroe Doctrine B.Sedition Act C.Holy Alliance26._____ was the first president who developed the power of veto into one of the means of making laws.A.John AdamsB.Andrew JacksonC.Andrew Johnson27._____ made slavery possible in the new territories such as in Kentucky and Nebraska.A.Douglas Bill B.Monroe DoctrineC.Sedition Act28.During the Civil War Lincoln issued the _____, which declared theof slavery.A.Homestead Bill B.Emancipation ProclamationC.Both A and B29.The Battle of _____ was the turning point of the American Civil War.A.Bull Run B.Gettysburg C.Richmond30.The first imperialist war took place between the U.S.and _____ in 1898.A.Britain B.France C.Spain31.The first American President from the Republic Party is _____.A.Abraham Lincoln B.Andrew JohnsonC.Thomas JeffersonD.George Washington32.In 1918 President _____ issued the “Fourteen Points”.A.Woodrow Wilson B.William H.TaftC.Theodore RooseveltD.Warren G.Harding33.Haymarket Massacre took place in _____ in May 1886.A.New York B.Chicago C.Washington34.In 1894, the American industrial production held the _____ place in the world.A.first B.second C.third35.McCarthy wasfor his harsh _____of thepeople.A.religiousB.spiritualC.political36.The Ku Klux Klan was the mostterrorist society which persecuted the _____.A.blacks B.Indians C.people37.On August 14, 1914, the U.S.and Britain issued a joint communiqué called _____.A.the Teher an Declaration B.the Atlantic CharterC.the Washington Proclamation38.In Sino-American relations Theodore Roosevelt exercised the“_____”, invading China by means of both force and culture.A.Open Door Policy B.Big Stick C.Douglas Bill39.The First World War broke out on July 28th, _____ and ended on November 11th, _____,for about four years.A.1913, 1917 B.1914, 1918 C.1915, 191940.The two military alliances during WWI were the _____ and the _____.A.Axis, Allies B.Holy Alliance, AxisC.Central Powers, Allies41.Theof a(n)_____ prince, Arch Duke Ferdinand, served as the direct fuse for theof WWI.A.Australia B.Belgium C.Austria42.Altogether _____ countries became involved in or were dragged into WWI.A.33 B.38 C.3943.The frequent emergence of the economicin the U.S.A.led to the followingeffects except _____.A.inflation B.the rise of pricesC.the decrease of populationD.the decrease of the purchasing capacity44.In April 1945 a conference was held at _____ to organize the United Nations.A.San Francisco B.New York C.Philadelphia45._____ countries attended the conference of the foundling of the UN.A.48 B.47 C.4546.At the _____ Conference, the heads of the Soviet Union,the U.S.and Britain discussed the problem of opening the secondin Europe.A.Yalta B.Teheran C.Casablanca47.In July 1945, Britain, the U.S.and the Soviet Union met at Potsdam toan occupationand set up a program for the future of Germany.The meeting was the famous _____ Conference.A.CairoB.TeheranC.PotsdamD.Quebec48.The two fighting sides in WWII were _____.A.the Allies and the Axis(powers)B.the Axis and Holy AllianceC.the Central Powers and the Allies49.The _____ was the treaty signed at Versailles, near Paris in France in 1919.A.Paris Treaty B.Versailles Treaty C.Teheran Treaty50.The meeting was held at Yalta in the Crimea of the Soviet Union in Feb, 1945.At the meeting many matters were discussed, including the final defeat of Germany, the demilitarization of Germany, the founding of the U.N.etc., this was the famous _____ Conference.A.Yalta B.Teheran C.Potsdam51.The Communist Party of the US was founded in _____.A.1920 B.1918 C.191952.The munist Party was re-established in 1945 with _____ as its general secretary.A.Levestone B.William Foster C.Earl Browder53.The Great Depression of _____ to shook the US and the whole capitalist world to its foundations.A.1929, 1933 B.1933, 1937 C.1924, 192954.The programmer of 1947 that America would offer its money supplies and machinery to any European nation that wished toin was called _____.A.Eisenhower Doctrine B.Marshall Plan C.Truman Doctrine55.The _____ broke out in June 1950 and ended in the summer of 1953.A.Vietnam War B.Cold War C.Korean War56.In April 1949 twelve nations established the NATO tothe military actions of member nations against the _____.A.GermanyB.JapanC.Soviet Union57.The Second World War broke out in September, _____ and ended in August _____.A.1939, 1945 B.1937, 1943 C.1938, 194558.After WWII there emerged a new balance of power between _____ and _____.A.the Allies, the Axis Powers B.the USSR, the USAC.the old capitalist countries, the new ones59.There occurred _____ economic crises from the end of WWII to the middle of the 1970's.A.six B.five C.seven60.The President Franklin D.Roosevelt proposed acalled _____ to save the economic situation.A.Good Neighbor B.the Open Door PolicyC.the New Deal61.The Battle of _____ took place in 1942 and it was the turning point of the Pacific area.A.Midway Island B.BritainC.Normandy62.In Feb._____ came President Nixon'svisit to China.A.1979B.1972C.197363.In 1953, _____ ended in the failure of the U.S.A.the Korean War B.the Vietnam War C.the US-Spanish War64.On December 7th, 1941, the base of the American Pacific Fleet, Pearl Harbor, was suddenly attacked by the _____ air force and navy.A.Spanish B.French C.Japanese65.The original Union consists of _____ at the time of its independence.A.13 B.50 C.4866.The first thirteen states of the US mainly located _____ seaboard.A.the eastern B.the western C.the northern67._____ appointed many of the colonial governors.A.TheEnglish King B.the local governmentC.the local people68.The Declaration of Independence was drafted by a committee including _____ as head.A.George WashingtonB.Thomas JeffersonC.both A and B69._____ was the British king when colonial Americans declared their independence.A.King George I B.King George IIIC.King George II70.In 1945 a conference was held in _____ to found the United Nations.A.San Francisco B.Chicago C.New York71.President Nixon visited China in _____.A.1973 B.1974C.197272._____ was the only American president who was re-elected three times in succession.A.Theodore RooseveltB.George WashingtonC.FranklinD.RooseveltD.Thomas Jefferson73.The city's name “Philadelphia” means _____.A.love B.pitC.philosophy答案： 1-5 BDBBA 6-10ABCBA 11-15AABBC 16-20CABAB 21-25AABAA 26-30BABBC 30-35AABAC 36-40ABABC 41-45CBCAA 46-50BCABA 51-55CBABC 56-60CABAC 61-65 ABACA 66-70AABBA 71-73CCA第四篇：美国政治制度概况美国政治制度概况Political institution（政治制度）1．The American Constitution is the oldest written constitution in the world.It was draw up in 1787 and went into effect in 1789.美国宪法是世界上最早的成文宪法，它起草于1787年，生效于1789年。
美国概况练习及答案
美国概况练习及答案练习题：1 The traditional dividing line in America between “east” and “west” is_____.2 The earliest part in America to be found and taken over by early settlers is ____.3 The largest racial group in the whole population of U.S.A is____.4 Before 2000, the largest minority group in the United States is____.5 ____has the world’s oldest written constitution and political party.6 The economic problem caused by the depression in 1929 was eventually solved by____.7 In the United States, primary education requires____years.8 Most college students in the United States are in____institutions.9 The three main levels of courts of the federal judicial system in America are____________.10 _____(which state )is not governed by the common law.练习题答案及题解:1. The Mississippi River, 密西西比河是美国传统的东方和西方的分界线。
2 .The Atlantic and Gulf Coastal Plain，最早被早期定居者发现和占领的地方是大西洋及其沿岸平原。
英美文化概况考研真题答案
英美文化概况考研真题答案一、选择题1. 英国的国教是：A. 天主教B. 东正教C. 新教D. 伊斯兰教答案：C2. 美国的独立日是每年的哪一天？A. 7月4日B. 7月14日C. 4月4日D. 4月16日答案：A3. 英国文学史上最著名的戏剧家是：A. 乔治·奥威尔B. 威廉·莎士比亚C. 查尔斯·狄更斯D. 托马斯·哈代答案：B4. 美国的首都是：A. 纽约B. 华盛顿特区C. 洛杉矶D. 芝加哥答案：B5. 英国的君主立宪制开始于：A. 光荣革命B. 工业革命C. 法国大革命D. 美国独立战争答案：A二、填空题1. 英国的全称是_________。
答案：大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国2. 美国的宪法制定于_________年。
答案：17873. 英国的第二大城市是_________。
答案：曼彻斯特4. 美国的国花是_________。
答案：玫瑰5. 英国的议会分为_________和_________。
答案：上议院下议院三、简答题1. 简述英国的工业革命对世界的影响。
答案：英国的工业革命是18世纪末至19世纪初的一场重大经济和社会变革，它极大地提高了生产效率，促进了城市化进程，改变了人类的工作和生活方式。
工业革命还推动了全球贸易的发展，加速了资本主义经济体系的形成，并对全球的政治、经济格局产生了深远的影响。
2. 描述美国的文化多元性。
答案：美国是一个文化多元的国家，其文化多元性主要体现在种族、宗教、语言和社会习俗等方面。
美国汇聚了来自世界各地的移民，形成了一个包容各种文化和价值观的社会。
这种多元性不仅丰富了美国的文化生活，也促进了创新和社会进步。
四、论述题1. 论述英美两国在教育体系上的差异。
答案：英国和美国在教育体系上存在一些显著的差异。
英国的教育体系较为传统和统一，强调学术性和等级制度，而美国的教育体系则更为灵活和多样化，强调创新和实践能力。
英国的大学教育通常为期三年，而美国的大学教育则为四年。
答案美国文化American_Culture
Chapter 1 GeographyI. Location and Size1. The full name of the United States is the United States of America. The continental United States lies in central North America with Canada to its north, Mexico and the Gulf of Mexico to its south, the Atlantic Ocean to its east and the Pacific Ocean to its west.2. The U.S. has a land area of 9.3 million square kilometers. It is the forth largest country in the world in size after Russia, Canada and China.3. The U.S. is a federal republic with many states.1) For a long time there were 48 states, then in 1959 Alaska and Hawaii became the forty-ninth and fiftieth states. Alaska borders on northwestern Canada, and Hawaii lies in the central Pacific.2) Of all the states, Alaska is the largest in area and Rhode Island is the smallest. But on the mainland Texas is the largest sate of the country.II. Mountains, Rivers and Lakes1. Mountains:1) The Rockies (落基山脉), the backbone of the North American Continent, is also known as the Continental Divide.2) The two main mountain ranges in American are the Appalachian mountains and the Rocky mountains. The Appalachians run slightly from the northeast to southwest and the Rocky Mountains run slightly from the northwest to southeast.2. Rivers1) The Mississippi River is the largest river in American, over 6000 kilometers. The Mississippi has been called “father of waters” or “Old Man River”.2) The Ohio River has been called the American Ruhr. The area along the river is rich in valuable deposits of high-grade coking coal and is well known for its steel industry. The river provides cheap water transportation for raw materials.3) On the Pacific side there are two great rivers: the Colorado in the south and the Columbia, which rises in Canada.4) The Rio Grande River forms a natural boundary between Mexico and the United States.3. Lakes: The most important lakes in the United States are the Great Lakes. They are Lake Superior, which is the largest fresh water lake in the world, Lake Michigan ,the only entirely in the U.S., Lake Huron, Lake Erie and Lake Ontario. They are located between Canada and the United States except Lake Michigan.III. ClimateRegion 4Region 2Region 1Region 3Chapter 2 Population, Race and Ethnic GroupsI. Population: The United States of America is the third most populous county in the world after China and India.II. ImmigrationIII. Racial and Ethnic Minorities1. BlacksA large number of blank people move out of the south to other areas during the period between 1920 and 1960.The largest of the racial and ethnic minorities in the United States is the blacks who number about 12.1% of the population. The first blacks were brought to North America as slaves in 1619.2. Hispanics (拉丁人种，西班牙语移民)The Hispanics usually are Spanish-speaking person of Latin-American origin who live in the United States. Three major Hispanic groups historically have had the greatest influence on the United States. They are Mexico-Americans of Chicanos, the Puerto Ricans and theCuban-Americans.3. The Asian-Americans are the fastest-growing racial and ethnic group in the United States. The largest groups of Asian-Americans are the Chinese-Americans. Experts say three Asian traditions best explain the success of Asian-American: education, hard work, and family.4. Traditionally, the mainstream American was called WASPs, that is, White Anglo-Saxon Protestants.The term originated in reference to White Americans of Anglo-Saxon descent(英国新教徒白人), who were Protestant in religious affiliation. However, the term does not have a precise definition, and can be used to describe greatly differing groups. It initially applied to people with histories in the upper class Northeastern establishment, who were alleged to form powerful elite.Chapter 3 American History (I) (1600-1900)I. The Colonial Period1. The “first American” were the Indians. The first English colony in America was founded at Jamestown, Virginia, in 1607. Between 1607 and 1733 the British established 13 colonies along the east coast of North American.In 1620, 201 of Pilgrims sailed to the New World in a ship called Mayflower. They arrived at Plymouth and built the Plymouth colony.From 1630 to 1643, some 200 ships transported over 20000 Englishmen to the Massachusetts Bay colony. The colonists were building a new way of life in the New World. There were a number of features which would play a role in forming the American character. They were: representative from of government, rule of law, respect of individual rights, religious tolerance and a strong spirit of individual enterprise.II. The War of IndependenceIn September 1744, the First Continental Congress was held in Philadelphia which encouraged American to refuse to buy British goods.The Declaration of Independence (1776) was drafted by Thomas Jefferson of Virginia. The Declaration is a clear explanation of the political theory behind the revolution and this theory came from the British philosopher John Locke.On the Christmas Day of 1776, the Americans defeated the British troops at Trenton, New Jersey. Not long afterwards, the Americans troops defeated the British at Saratoga in Northern New York. This was a great turning point of the War of Independence, leading directly to an alliance between the U.S and France.In September, 1783, the Treaty of Paris was signed, Britain recognized the independence of the U.S.III. The Civil WarAmerican slavery existed before the War of Independence. During the drafting of the Declaration of Independence and again in the drawing up of the Constitution, opposition to slavery was put aside for a greater objective.In the early 1800’s, the Northern States turned from f arming to manufacturing. But, conditions were different in the South. To meet a rising world-wide demand for cotton and tobacco, the planters farmed large areas of land. Slave labor seemed best suited for producing these crops.With the territorial expansion towards the west, the problem of whether slavery should be allowed to spread into these areas arose again. When Abraham Lincoln was elected president, the southern states broke away and formed a new nation, the Confederate States of America. The war broke out on April 12, 1861.In the Civil war, Lincoln realized that he could win support for the Union at home and abroad by making the war a just war against slavery. So he issued the famous Emancipation Proclamation.On November 19, 1863, Abraham Lincoln made a short speech on the occasion of dedicating the national cemetery at Gettysburg. He ended his speech with these memorable words: “That government of the people, by the people, for the people, shall not perish from the earth.”Chapter 4 American History (II) (1900-1945)I. Economic DevelopmentIn 1880, the U.S ranked first in the world in the production of steel; in 1900,the U.S. produced 245 million tons of coal, ranking first in the world. Coal was produced mostly in 6 states: Pennsylvania, Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, West Virginia and Colorado.Large Corporation, urbanization and new technology were the three features in the growth of American economy at the beginning of the 20th century.In 1903, the Wright brothers flew a plane for a brief 12 seconds at Kitty Hawk, North Carolina. This was the beginning of the appearance of the plane. In 1911, Glenn E. Curiss designed and flew a successful plane.II. Progressive (进步运动)It was a movement at the turn of the 20th century which demanded government regulation of the economy and social conditions, spread quickly with the support of large number of people across the country. The Progressive Movement was not an organized campaign with clearly defined goals. Rather, it was a number of diverse efforts at political, social and economic reforms.In 1920s, the U.S. has been described by many historians as a period of material success and spiritual frustration or confusion and purposelessness.III. The Great Depression and The New DealThe stock market crash was the beginning of long economic depression in the late 1920S and 1930S.The aim of President Roosevelt’s new measures was to save American democracy and the capitalist system.The New Deal: It was put forward by American President Roosevelt who wanted to do something to deal with the Great Depression at that time. It passed a lot of New Deal laws and set up some efficient social security systems. The New Deal helped to “save American democracy” and to overcome the most serious economic crisis of the capitalist system up to that time.Chapter 5 American History (III)(1945-1980s)I. The Origin of Cold WarThe conflicts between Soviet Union and the United States arose basically from their separate concepts of postwar world orders.1. The Truman Doctrine and the Marshall PlanThe open declaration of the containment policy was made by President Truman on March 12, 1949 in a speech to the joint session of congress.2. Improve your knowledgeThe Truman Doctrine in March 1947 promised that the USA “would support free peo ples who are resisting subjugation by armed minorities or by outside pressures”. It signalled the end of “isolationism” policies.In order to protect Western Europe from possible Soviet expansion, the U.S. decided to offer Western European countries economic aid. This later came to be called the Marshall plan.3. The Founding of the NATOThe North Atlantic Treaty, which was signed on April 4, 1949, marked the beginning of U.S. efforts in setting up a military alliance around the Soviet Union and its allies.II. The Civil Rights Movement in the 1950sThe Montgomery boycott was led by Martin Luther King, Jr., a young black clergyman who later became a national leader of the Civil Rights movement.The Civil Rights Movement in the United States refers in part to a set of noted events and reform movements in that country aimed at abolishing public and private acts of racial discrimination and racism against African Americans between 1954 to 1968, particularly in the southern United States.III. American Society During the Postwar Boom (1945-1960s)1. Since 1945 the United States had entered a twenty-five-year economic boom. The cornerstones were the automobile, housing, and defense industries.2. Between 1946 and 1961, more than 63.5 million babies were born in the U.S, making thebaby-boom generation the largest by far in the American history.IV. The Vietnam WarThe policy of containment of Communism led the United States into the War in Vietnam which turned out to be the longest war it fought (1950-1975). By 1969, 543,400 American troops were fighting in South Vietnam.In the late 1960s and early 1970s the U.S began to look for a way to improve relations with China so as to get China’s help for its withdrawal from South Vietnam and to work with China against Soviet expansion.In February 1972, President Nixon visited China and met Mao Zedong and the two countries issued the Shanhai Communique. This visit ended twenty-three years of hostility and led to the establishment of diplomatic relations in January 1979.The Impact of Vietnam War：1）The United States was weakened as a result of the long war; 2）American society had never been so divided since the Civil War; 3）There are serious disagreement within the ruling circle. 4）The image of the United States, especially the image of the American armed forces, was discredited.Chapter 6 Political InstitutionsI. ConstitutionThe American Constitution is the oldest written constitution in the world. It was drawn up in 1787 and went into effect in 1789. It is the basic instrument of American Government and the Supreme law of the land.Separation of powers: checks and balances 制约和平衡The government is divided into three branched: the legislative, the executive, and the judicial. Each branch has part of the powers but not all the power.II. The Executive BranchThe President of the U.S is the head of the executive branch and the head of the state elected by the whole nation. The Constitution requires the President to be a natural-born American citizen at least 35 years of age. The president election was held every 4 years.Presidency Election1) In American, the “winner-take-all” system applies in all states expect Maine.2) The electors of all fifty states and the District of Columbia-a total of 538 persons-comprise what is known as the Electoral College. To be successful, a candidate for the Presidency must receive 270 votes.3) The presidential term of 4 years begin on Jan 20 following the November election, the president publicly takes an oath of office, which is administered by the Chief Justice of the U.S. A president can be elected to office only twice.The Presidential Powerslegislative powers；Executive powers: the highest duty；Powers in foreign affairs；Judiciary powers: give reprieves(缓刑) and pardons (赦免) in federal criminal cases.III. The Legislative Branch1. A Two-chamber Congress (国会)Article I of the Constitution grants all legislative power of the federal government to a Congress composed of two chambers, a Senate and a House of Representatives.Every 2 years one-third of the Senate stands for re-election. Today, the House is composed of 435 members.The Senate is composed of 2 members from each state, Membership in the House is based on population and its size is therefore not specified in the Constitution.1) Each house of the Congress has the power to introduce legislation on any subject, except revenue bills，which must first come from the House of Representatives.2) The Constitution provides that the Vice president shall be president of the Senate. He has no vote, except in a case of a tie. The House of Representatives choose its own presiding officer-the Speaker of the House.IV. The Judiciary Branch1. According to the Constitution, the judicial power of the U.S shall be vested in one Supreme Court. The judicial system has evolved into the present structure: the Supreme Court, 11 court of appeals, 91 district courts, and 3 courts of special jurisdiction. U.S. judges are appointed by the President and confirmed by the Senate.2. The Supreme Court is the highest court of the U.S and is the only organ which has the power to interpret the Constitution. The Supreme Court at present consists of a Chief Justice and 8 Associate Justices.III. Political PartiesIn general, American has a two-party system. There are two major political parties in America: the Democrats and the Republicans. There have been four periods in the history of political parties in American.Chapter 7 EducationUnder the Tenth Amendment to the U.S Constitution, education was included among the respon sibilities which were “reserved to the states or the people”.It is a general view that every American has the right and obligation to become educated. American believe that, through education, an individual acquires the knowledge, skill, attitudes and abilities which will enable him to fit into society and improve his social status. Education helps to shape the society and develop the national strength.Characteristics of American Education1. In American, there are more public elementary and secondary schools that private ones, while private colleges and universities outnumber public ones.2. Formal education in the U.S consists of elementary, secondary and higher education, Elementary and secondary education, which forms public education, is free and compulsory.3. Each local school district of American has a governing board (管理委员会) whose major responsibilities are：1) The hiring of professional and support staff, 2) determining the most suitable local curriculum, 3) developing and approving a budget to carry out educational programs. Usually the board of education employs a superintendent of school, who is the chief executive officer at the local level.4. There is not a national system of education in the United States, It is the state that establishes policies for the education within its boundary, and so many variations can be found in the education system of the 50 states.Higher EducationThe system of higher education in the U.S has three principal functions: teaching, research and public service.In American, there are the best research universities such as Harvard, Yale, Princeton, Columbia and MIT in the east, as well as Stanford and Berkeley on the west coast.。
美国历史文化概况(英文版)答案-850-7-董晓波
Keys答案Unit 1Text AI.1. destructive2. have been persecuted3. established4. intensified5. immigrated6. overwhelming7. refugees8. combat9. dispute10. financialII.1. F2.T3.F4.F5.T6.T7. FIII.1.像伊丽莎白女王一样，新任国王也鼓励对外扩张，以此来缓解国内的宗教争端和经济上的低迷。
2.他们一直被称为清教徒，因为他们执意要“净化”英国国教——通过阻止其任命主教来简化宗教仪式，改革组织形式。
3.在合约期满后这些契约奴可以获得自由，而黑奴却要呆在种植园世代为奴。
4.从16到18世纪，土著居民的人口由于以下原因急剧下降：来自欧洲的流行病的肆虐；欧洲探险者和殖民者对他们的种族屠杀以及引发的战乱；被迫离开故土；土著部落间的战乱，被奴役；高比率的近亲结婚。
5.那些感染了疾病的人有的是疾病还处于潜伏期，有的是隔离得不那么严密，他们与土著居民的接触使得疾病得以传播，进一步转为流行病。
Text BI.1. beneficial, solely2. generally, disturbance3. publish, have4. strongly, condemn5. revenge6. become worse美国历史文化概况（英文版）27. correct8. put down9. leave10. trapII.1.The Seven Years’War: It is the war lasting from 1756 to 1763 during which Britain and Francefought over the control of North American colonies. It ended up with the victory for Britain. As a result of the war, Britain acquired French holdings in Canada and Florida from France’s ally, Spain.2.The Stamp Act: It is the act that passed by British Parliament in 1765 to be the first direct tax onthe American colonies. It required that all newspapers, pamphlets, legal documents, commercial bills, advertisements, and other papers issued in the colonies bear a stamp.3.The Boston Tea Party: It is a direct action by colonists in Boston against the British governmentfor its unfair treatment. On the night of December 16, 1773, a band of men, disguised as Indians boarded three British ships lying at anchor in Boston harbor and dumped the tea cargo, which was from China, into the sea.4.The Treaty of Paris: The Treaty of Paris, signed on September 3, 1783, formally ended theAmerican Revolutionary War between the Kingdom of Great Britain and the United States of America, which had rebelled against British rule.Unit 2Text AI. jurisdiction，amphibians，contiguous，lease，habitat，disputingII.1. 美国领土包括明确界定的地理区域，即根据美国联邦政府权力管辖的大陆，天空或海域（但不仅局限于这些领域）。
美国社会与文化复习题答案
美国社会与文化复习题答案一、选择题1. 美国的首都是哪里？A. 纽约B. 洛杉矶C. 华盛顿特区D. 芝加哥答案：C2. 美国的国庆日是哪一天？A. 1月1日B. 7月4日C. 12月25日D. 11月11日答案：B3. 美国的官方语言是什么？A. 英语B. 西班牙语C. 法语D. 德语答案：A4. 美国的货币单位是什么？A. 欧元B. 英镑C. 美元D. 日元答案：C5. 美国的国花是什么？A. 玫瑰B. 郁金香C. 菊花D. 玫瑰答案：D二、填空题6. 美国的地理特征包括____、____和____。
答案：山脉、平原、沙漠7. 美国的人口主要由____、____和____组成。
答案：白人、黑人、拉丁裔8. 美国的两大政党是____和____。
答案：民主党、共和党9. 美国的著名文化象征包括____、____和____。
答案：自由女神像、好莱坞、麦当劳10. 美国的高等教育体系中，____和____是两种主要的学位类型。
答案：学士、硕士三、简答题11. 简述美国的多元文化特点。
答案：美国的多元文化特点体现在其人口的多样性上，包括不同种族、宗教和语言的融合。
美国是一个移民国家，吸引了来自世界各地的人们，形成了一个多元化的社会结构。
这种多元文化不仅体现在日常生活的方方面面，也反映在艺术、音乐、食物和节日庆典中。
12. 描述美国独立战争的背景和结果。
答案：美国独立战争（1775-1783年）是美国13个殖民地反抗英国统治的战争。
背景是英国对殖民地的经济压迫和政治控制，导致殖民地人民的不满。
结果是美国赢得了独立，建立了一个新的国家，即美利坚合众国。
四、论述题13. 论述美国梦的概念及其对美国社会的影响。
答案：美国梦是一个深植于美国文化中的概念，指的是通过努力工作和决心，每个人都有机会实现个人的成功和幸福。
这个概念强调了机会均等和个人主义的价值观。
美国梦对美国社会产生了深远的影响，激励了无数人追求更好的生活，促进了创新和创业精神。
美国文化网课答案
美国文化网课答案1、【判断题】镜像阶段理论常被用来探究意象再现或者意象扭曲的问题。
答案：正确2、【判断题】在中国古代,“国学”是指国家所办立的贵族弟子学校。
答案：正确3、【单选题】以下国家,()的社会福利政策最差。
A、英国B、荷兰C、德国D、美国答案：德国4、【判断题】在美国人看来物质财富的代价是勤奋。
答案：正确5、【判断题】美国人在社会阶级的划分上效仿欧洲。
答案：错误6、【判断题】乔姆斯基被认为是对美国外交政策持有右派批评的最有影响力的人物之一。
答案：×7、【单选题】“自由”这一字眼最早起源于()。
A、美国B、古巴西C、古中国D、古希腊答案：古希腊8、【单选题】在美国倾向于以()来划分阶层。
A、出身B、收入C、学历D、职业答案：收入9、【单选题】在中国“贤者举而推之”的思想可以最早追溯到()。
A、宋元时期B、魏晋时期C、两汉时期D、先秦时期答案：先秦时期10、【单选题】在美国的中小学到大学的课程中,()是排在第一位的外语。
A、日语B、法语C、阿拉伯语D、西班牙语答案：西班牙语11、【单选题】美国社会进入到飞速发展阶段是在()。
A、19世纪初B、20世纪初C、内战后D、世界第一次大战后答案：内战后12、【多选题】欧洲旧社会是存在阶级的社会,有贵族阶级和平民阶级,其中贵族阶级包括了()。
A、公B、侯C、伯D、仲答案：公; 侯; 伯13、【单选题】()也许是美国人最响亮、最根深蒂固的一种价值观。
A、自由B、公平C、正义D、民主答案：自由14、【判断题】美国人认为政治自由是以经济自由为基础的。
答案：√15、【单选题】一般来说,平等可以分为()、结果平等和机会平等。
A、交流平等B、平台平等C、起点平等D、资源平等答案：起点平等16、【多选题】()曾做过美国的总统。
A、华盛顿B、汉密尔顿C、富兰克林D、杰斐逊答案：华盛顿; 汉密尔顿; 富兰克林; 杰斐逊17、【判断题】欧美人最初将美国看作是奴役之邦与自由之邦并存的国度。
美国文化答案
5. The Supreme Court 6. Anglicans; Protestant Episcopalian 7. rigid adherence to doctrine 8. commercial advertising; the American competitive system 9. Protestants; Roman Catholics 10. the Baptists; the Methodists 11. the Latter Day Saints; the Churches of Christ; the United Church of Christ 12. fundamentalist
Answers to Test Paper 2
I. Choose the Correct Answer From Each of the Following CDCBB BACBA CACBA II. Fill in the Blanks 1. Jamestown, Virginia, 1607 2. New York 3. Lexington 4. tobacco 5. the Pilgrim; Mayflower
14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21.
Reconstruction the Emancipation Proclamation General Lee the buffalo John D. Rockefeller Louis Sullivan huge combinations of corporations Progressivism; laissez-faire
5. impeachment 6. six; two 7. a two-thirds majority in both Houses 8. constituencies 9. a tax on property 10. eighteen 11. the people voting in referendums 12. the establishment of the legislative body; Fifth
英美国家文化概况课后选择题答案
UNIT31.Which of the following statements was correct around the time of the American Revolution? The American had the mixed blood of Europeans or their descendants.2. Which of the following was NOT one of the three forces that led to the modern development of Europe?The spiritual leadership of the Roman Catholic Church.3. The following were the main Reformation leaders exceptMartin Luther King4. The following were some of the characteristics of Protestantism exceptsalvation through the church.5. Which of the following American values did NOT come from Puritanism?separation of state and church.6. Lord Baltimore's feudal plan failed becausethe English king did not like the plan.7. The following were the founding fathers of the American Republic exceptWilliam Penn.8. The theory of American politics and the American Revolution originated mainly fromJohn Locke.9. Which of the following was NOT a denomination of Protestantism?Catholics.10. "No taxation without representation" was the rallying cry of “the people of the 13 colonies on the eve of the American Revolution.UNIT41. Which of the following statements was NOT correct? When the War of Independence was over, the relationships between the states and the national government were clearly defined.2. According to the author, the Articles of Confederation failed because of the following reasons. Which is not true?Some new states wanted to be free from the Union.3. Which of the following states refused to participate in the Constitutional Convention?Rhode Island.4. Which of the following statements was NOT correct? When the Constitution was written,t here was a Bill of Rights in the Constitution.5. Which of the following is the only branch that can make federal laws, and levy federal taxes? The legislative.6.Which of the following is NOT a power of the president?The president can make laws.7. The Bill of Rights consists of10 amendments added to the Constitution in 1791.8. Which of the following is NOT guaranteed in the Bill of Rights?The freedom of searching a person's home by police.9. The following were NOT written into the Constitution in 1787 exceptthe powers of the president.10. The New Deal was started byFranklin Roosevelt.UNIT 51. The first factory in the United States was a cotton textile mill in Pawtucket, in the state of Rhode Island.2. The “American system” of mass production was first used in United States.firearms industry3. The United States had the first standard paper currency in 1863.4. In which year was the United States rated NO.1 in terms of production capacity in the world? 19455. Which of the following is NOT considered as part of the service industry?Steelmaking6. The United States was rated forth in the world in terms of land area and the size of population.7. The United States produces as much as half of the world’ssoybeans and corn.8. Which of the following is generally considered as an important institutional factor that contributed to the success of American business and industry?Laissez-faire9. Who has extolled the virtues of farmers?Thomas Jefferson10. The latest technology that farmers have adopted iscomputersUNIT61. Which of the following was NOT a Protestant denomination?The Catholics2. Which of the following is unconstitutional in the United States?Public money is provided to support religious schools.3. Which of the following is NOT regarded as one of the three basic religious beliefs?Islamic4. Which of the following is true?Liberal Protestants and Jews join non-believers in maintaining that abortion is a basic right for women,5. Which of the following continues to have an all-male clergy?The Catholic Church6. Which of the following features is NOT distinctively American?There has been very much concentration on doctrine or religious argument in the US.7. In the United States, people go to church mainly for the following reasons except for finding a job in society.8. Which of the following statement is NOT correct according to the author?Protestant Church is an established church by law in the US.UNIT 71. Which of the following was a writer of the post-Revolutionary period?Washington Irving2. Which of the following is considered an American masterpiece?Moby Dick3. Which of the following was written by Henry David Thoreau?Walden4. Whitman’s poetry has the following characteristics exceptfragmented haunting images5. Mark Twain’s work are characterized by the following exceptegotism6. Three of the following are characteristics of Emily Dickinson’s poems. Which one is NOT? Her poems are very long and powerful.7. Henry James was mainly interested in writing about American living in Europe.8. Sherwood Anderson is NOT included in the group of naturalists.9. Three of the following authors are Noble Prize winners. Which one is NOT?F.Scott Fitzgerald.10. John Steinbeck does NOT belong to the ‘Lost Generation’.11. Lig ht in August was NOT written by Hemingway.12. Which of the following is NOT an African-American author?Alan Ginsberg13. The following author were women writers who wrote novels in the 19th and early 20th century with the exception ofWilla Cather14. The following writers represent new American voices exceptT.S.Eliot15. Among the following Native American writers, whose publications are regarded as sparking the beginning of the Native American Renaissance?Scott Momaday’sUNIT 81.Which of the following subjects are NOT offered to elementary school students?Politics and business education.2. The expenditure in American public schools is guided or decided by _______.boards of education3. In the United States school systems, which of the following divisions is true?Elementary school, secondary school.4. Which of the following is NOT mentioned in American higher education?Research institutions5. Three of the following factors have contributed to the flourishing of large universities in America, which is the exception?Large universities offer scholarships to all students.6. The most important reason for students wanting to get into more desirable institutions because they find it easy for them to get jobs after having graduated from one of them7. In order to go to university, secondary school students must meet the following requirements except that _______.they pass the college entrance examinations8. Three of the following universities have large endowments from wealthy benefactors. Which is the exception?The State University of New York9. Both public and private universities depend on the following sources of income except _______. Investment10. To get a bachelor's degree, an undergraduate student is required to do the following except taking certain subjects such as history, language and philosophyUNIT 91. Black American sang the anthem of the civil rights movement, ______affirming their commitment to fight racial prejudice.We Shall Overcome!2. The most notorious terrorist group against black civil rights workers in the South was known as Ku Klux Klan.3. The reason why many young people were involved in the social movements of the 1960s was thatthey resented traditional white male values in US society4. In addition to such tactics as sit-ins, young students also added ______to educate people about war in Vietnam.Teach-in5. According to the author, three civil rights groups provided the leadership, the tactics, and the people to fight against Southern segregation. Which is the exception?The students for a democratic society6. A historic moment of the civil rights movement was the March on Washington of August 28, 1963 when ______delivered his “I Have a Dream”Martin Luther King, Jr.7. In January 1965, President Johnson declared “_______”to eliminate poverty “by opening to everyone the opportunity to live in decency and dignity.”War on poverty8. Unlike Martin Luther King, _______the chief spokesperson of Black Muslins advocated violence in self defense and black pride.Malcolm X9.During the early stages of the civil rights movement, the major integration strategy initiated by the Congress of Racial Equality was known as _____to integrate interstate buses and bus station in the South.Freedom rides10. Due to his firm belief in nonviolent peaceful protest in the spirit of India’s leader Gandhi, _______was awarded the Noble Peace Prize in 1964.Martin Luther King,Jr.11. The one group within the counter culture best known for their pursuit of happiness as their only goal in life was called____the Hippies12. In the 1960s, feminism was reborn. Many women were dissatisfied with their lives, and in 1963, with the publication of _______by _________, they found a voice.The Feminine Mystique, Betty FriedanUNIT 101. Which of the following statement is NOT true about blacks after the 1960s?Blacks felt that they could be fully integrated into the mainstream of American life.2. the main factor contributing to the widening income gap between blacks and whites in the 1970s was _____black had low position and low pay in the workplace hierarchy3. Which of the following is NOT the reason for the higher arrest rates among minority groups? The aggressive nature of these groups.4. Which of the following does NOT belong to the white-collar crime?Robbery5. Which of the following statement is NOT true?The Northern states did not have racial discrimination.6. Accoding to the text, which of the following is NOT a dysfunction caused by drug abuse? Drug abuse is a major cause of unemployment.7. If white-collar crimes were included in the Crime Index, the profile of a typical criminal in the United States would be the following EXCEPTliving near city centers8. Which of the following used human beings as guinea pigs to test drugs like LSD?The CIAUNIT111. When did the word stereotype come into use in English?Early 17th century2. Which organization in the United States demonstrated strongly against any laws that might restrict gun ownership?The NRA (national Rifle Association)3. Which of the following websites are meant to cater to young tastes?Facebook4. Who was the author of the popular play The Melting Pot which was associated with life in America since the late 18th century?Israel Zangwill5. What was the major historical event that resulted in the separation of the Protestants from the Roman Catholic Church?The 16th-century Reformation6. Which of the following expressions represents the core value of the mainstream society in the USA?Life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness.7. Which of the following was President Franklin D.Roosevelt’s main concern?Social justice8. According to the author, the mosaic metaphor for American image has one fatal flaw. What is it?American is not open to change .9.The internet has several characteristics that reflect life in the USA today. Which one is NOT? People can freely download MP3 music10. Which of the following institution is responsible for the making of the Internet?The US military11. Free use of the Internet in the US responds to the basic American values, except that _____it doesn’t help create material wealth.12. Which of the following helps theorize the concept of Fraternity? Karl Marx。
American Culture 美国文化概况USA Quiz
Find the answers to all these questions. The answers should be easy to find on the internet (Google will be better than Baidu.) You do not have to hand in your answers to me, but you will need to do this quiz and use what you learn from it to answer some of the questions in the final exam.1)Which U.S. state was once part of Mexico?Texas, New Mexico, Arizona, California.2) Who was the first president of the USA?George Washington (1732-1799) was the first President of the United States of America under the US Constitution. He was elected in 1787 and again in 1792 and served as President from April 30,1789 until March 4, 1797.3) What is the name of the place in Florida where American spaceships are launched from?John F. Kennedy Space Center4) Which U.S. state is made of entirely of islands?Hawaii is made up of islands that vary in shape.5) What is the common name (not the Latin name) of the national bird of the USA?Bald Eagle6) On what date was the World Trade Center attacked and destroyed by terrorists?On the morning of September 11, 2001,7) What famous American novel begins with the words "Call Me Ishmael"?Moby-Dick8) In which year did man land on the moon for the first time?on July 20, 19699) Who wrote the novel Uncle Tom's Cabin?Harriet Beecher Stowe10) What date was Pearl Harbor attacked by the Japanese Air Force? on the morning of December 7, 1941 (December 8 in Japan)11) The state of Louisiana is named after which French king? Louisiana. Named after Louis XIV12) In which city was President John F. Kennedy assassinated? John Fitzgerald Kennedy, the 35th President of the United States, was assassinated at 12:30 p.m. Central Standard Time (18:30 UTC) on Friday, November 22, 1963, in Dealey Plaza, Dallas, Texas.13) What was William Bonney's nickname, and what was he?"billy the kid"14) What is a nickel?A nickel, in American usage, is a five-cent coin struck by the United States Mint. Composed of 75% copper and 25% nickel, the piece has been issued since 1866.15) Who wrote a song called "Like A Rolling Stone"?"Like a Rolling Stone" is a 1965 song by the American singer-songwriter Bob Dylan.16) How long is a presidential term?A presidential term is 4 years, and a person can serve two terms in a lifetime, which is a total of 8 years.17) What do the letters N.A.S.A. stand for?The National Aeronautics and Space Administration18) In which city was Martin Luther King assassinated?Martin Luther King was assassinated at the Lorraine Motel in Memphis, Tennessee on April 4, 1968, at the age of 39.19) What holiday is on the fourth Thursday of November? Thanksgiving Day is celebrated on the fourth Thursday of November in the United States20) Who wrote "On the Road"?On the Road is a novel by American writer Jack Kerouac.21) If it is 6 a.m. in New York, what time is it in Los Angeles?3AM IN CA.22) What is the longest river in the USA?The Missouri River starts in Montana and flows generally east and south for 254023) Who shot the man who allegedly shot President John F. Kennedy? Jack Leon Ruby24) What is the popular name of the American National Anthem?US National Anthem "The Star-Spangled Banner" is the national anthem of the United States, with lyrics written in 1814 by Francis Scott Key25) What were the stage names of the Marx Brothers?Chico --LeonardHarpo--Adolph (after 1911: Arthur)Groucho--Julius HenryGummo—MiltonZeppo--Herbert Manfred26) Who was the first man on the moon?Neil Alden Armstrong (August 5, 1930 – August 25, 2012) was an American astronaut and the first person to walk on the Moon.27) When is Thanksgiving?Thanksgiving Day is celebrated on the fourth Thursday of November in the United States28) What is the national sport of the USA?Baseball29) In The Simpsons, what are the names of the 5 members of the family?Homer Jay SimpsonBart (Bartholomew) J. SimpsonMarge Bouvier SimpsonLisa Marie SimpsonMaggie (Margaret) Simpson30) What are the two main political parties of the USA called? Democratic Party and the Republican Party are the two main American political parties.。
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I. Choose the answer that best suits the question.1. In the late 15th century, Christopher Columbus，a(n)___________navigator, led his men to sail across the vast ocean and reached some small islands in the now West Indies.A. FrenchB. SpanishC. ItalianD. English2. In 1787，delegates from the states held a meeting in Philadelphia to make the Articles of Confederation adequate. The meeting came to be called the ____.A. First Continental CongressB. Second Continental CongressC. Constitutional ConventionD. Independent Convention3. In American history，the Pilgrim Fathers refer to those who came to Plymouth on board of ____.A. a French shipB. a British shipC. MayflowerD. an Italian ship4. ____ was not the main Reformation leaders.A.Martin LutherB. Martin Luther KingC. John CalvinD. The English King Henry VIII5. ____ was among the Founding Fathers of the American Republic.A. Abraham LincolnB. Franklin RooseveltC. Theodore RooseveltD. John Adams6. The following were some of the characteristics of Protestantism except ____A. challenging the authority of the Pope.B. salvation through faith.C. salvation through the church.D. establishing a direct contact with God.7. The main mountain range in the west of US stretching from the Canadian border to New Mexico is ________.A. the Appalachian MountainsB. the Rocky MountainsC. the Green MountainsD. the Blue Ridge Mountains8. Which of the following statements was correct around the time of the American Revolution?A. The American had the mixed blood of European or their descendants.B. The American had the mixed blood of Europeans with American Indians.C. The American has the mixed blood of Europeans with blacks.D. The American had the blood of the English and their descendants.9. Which of the following American values did NOT come from Puritanism?A. separation of state and church.B. respect of education.C. intolerant moralismD. a sense of mission.10. Lord Baltimore's feudal plan failed because __________A. there were more Protestant than Catholics in Maryland.B. the wilderness of the continent made the plan impossible.C. there was plenty of land while labor was scarce.D. the English king did not like the plan.11. One of the oldest towns (landed in 1513) in the US is ___________.A. New YorkB. BostonC. PhiladelphiaD. St. Augustine12. “No taxation without representation” was the rallying cry of ____.A. the settlers of VirginiaB. the people of PennsylvaniaC. the colonists in New EnglandD. the people of the 13 colonies on the eve of the American Revolution13. The theory of American politics and the American Revolution originated mainly from ___A. George Washington.B. Thomas Jefferson.C. John Adams.D. John Locke.14. Which of the following was NOT a denomination of Protestantism?A. Catholics.B. Puritans.C. Quakers.D. Church of England.15. The birthplace of the country is in ____.A. New York CityB. PhiladelphiaC. WashingtonD. C. D. Lexington16. The clash at Concord and Lexington marked ____.A. the beginning of the War of IndependenceB. the beginning of the second Continental CongressC. a minor clash between the British and the colonists with no significanceD. none of the aboveII. Fill in the blanks.1.The Declaration of Independence states that every man is equal and that theyare endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable rights, among which are ______, ______ and the pursuit of happiness.2.The first English permanent settlement in North America was called ______in ______(bigger place).3.American National Day is set on ______ so as to mark the adoption ofDeclaration of Independence.4.____________discovered the New World in 1492.5.In 1620, the first group of Puritans sailed to the New World by the ship_________ and named the new place where they settled down _________, the name of their starting place in England.6.__________ is the main author of Declaration of Independence?7.There were _____ states when the United States of America was founded.II.Explain the following termsBenjamin FranklinPuritanismIII.Answer the following questions briefly.1.What were some of the causes of the American War of Independence?2.What are the major ideas in the Declaration of Independence?。