过去分词作定语

过去分词作定语

1、过去分词作定语的位置

①单个的过去分词作定语，常置于被修饰词前。

the broken clock 坏了的钟表

the stolen backpack 被偷走的背包

②过去分词短语作定语，常置于被修饰词后，相当于一个定语从句。

Most of the people invited to the party didn’t come. 大部分被邀请参加派对的人没有来

(=Most of the people who were invited to the party didn’t come.)

注意：①有些单个的过去分词，在习惯上往往置于被修饰词后。

There is little time left. 时间不多了。

②过去分词修饰something,everything,anything,nothing,nobody等不定代词或

those时，常置于这些词的后面。

There will be something changed. 有些东西要改变了。

He is one of those invited. 他是那些被邀请的人之一。

③有些过去分词作定语，前置和后置的意义不同。

the tool used 使用过的工具 the used tool 旧的工具

the concerned expression忧愁的表情 the student concerned有关的学生2、过去分词作定语的意义

不及物动词的过去分词作定语，只表示动作已完成；而及物动词的过去分词作定语，表示被动意义或已完成，抑或两者兼具。

①只表示完成，不表示被动。

fallen eaves 落叶

the risen sun 升起的太阳

②表示被动。

an honoured guest 一位受尊敬的客人

deeply moved people 深受感动的人们

③表示被动和完成。

the broken glass 碎了的杯子

the question discussed yesterday 昨天讨论的问题

注意：①英语中有很多与感觉有关的及物动词，其现在分词表主动意义，即“令人有某种感觉”，其过去分词有被动意义，即“使人产生某种感觉”。

moving 令人感动的moved 受感动的

amusing 有趣的amused 感到有意思的

pleasing 令人高兴的pleased 高兴的

②有些及物动词的过去分词作定语，并不强调被动意义，而表示一种状态或结果。 Dressed in white,she looked very beautiful.穿着白衣服，她看起来很漂亮。 The boy seated at the back of the classroom is clever.坐在教室后面的这男孩很聪明。

3、现在分词与过去分词的区别

①语态上的区别：现在分词表示主动意义，过去分词表示被动意义。

surprising news 令人吃惊的消息

surprised listeners 吃惊的观众

②时态上的区别：现在分词表示动作正在进行，过去分词表示动作已经完成。

the moving ball 正在移动的球

the moved ball 已经移动了的球

注意：人的表情、声音如look,expression,voice,sound,tear等用过去分词修饰。

巩固练习

一、根据括号里的单词提示填写正确形式

1、All of us must keep a secret of the things＿＿＿(talk) about here now.

2﹑Do you know the boy ＿＿＿(lie) under the tree.

3﹑The horses ＿＿＿(build) are for the teachers,which will be completed next

year.

4﹑“Things ＿＿＿(lose) never come again!”I couldn’t help talking to myself.

5﹑This is a ＿＿＿(use) car.

6﹑In April,thousands of holidaymakers remained ＿＿＿(stick) abroad due to the

vocanic ash cloud.

7﹑Don’t use words,expressions or phrases ＿＿＿(know) only to people with

specific knowledge.

8﹑The ＿＿＿(break) glass cup was broken by Jim.

9﹑I like eating ＿＿＿(freeze) food.

10﹑You’d better use the ＿＿＿(boil) water to make tea.

11﹑Have you read the novel ＿＿＿(write) by him.

12﹑The ＿＿＿(fall) leaves will be collected by the cleaners.

13﹑“It’s such a nice place.”Mother said as she sat at the table ＿＿＿(reserve) For customers.

14﹑Tsinghua University, ＿＿＿(found) in 1911,is home to a great number of outstanding figures.

15﹑The island, ＿＿＿(join) to the mainland by a bridge,is easy to go to.

二、句子翻译。

1、她脸上有一种忧虑的表情。

2、出生在农村，他对城市生活有强烈的向往。

3、1983年，只有200台计算机连接到了互联网。

4、太疲劳了，所以我没有参加派对。

5、失去的时间永远也找不回来。

答案

一、1、being talked 2、lying 3、being built 4、being lost 5、used 6、stuck

7、known 8、broken 9、frozon 10、boiled 11、written 12、fallen

13、reserved 14、founded 15、joined

二、1、She had o worried look on her face.

2、Born in a village,he has a strong desire for city life.

3、In 1983,ther were only 200 computers connected to the Internet.

4、Exhausted,I didn’t take part in the party.

5、The lost time can never be found again.