混合交通条件下单点交叉口信号配时优化方法研究

混合交通条件下单点交叉口信号配时优化方法研究

摘要

在城市交通网络中，交叉口是道路网络中通行能力的“滞点”和交通事故频发的主要发源点。国内外交通阻塞主要都发生在交叉口，不仅导致了车流中断、事故剧增、延误严重，还加剧了城市环境的污染。而长期以来我国机动车、非机动车、行人在信号交叉口内的反复分流、合流是造成平面交叉口交通秩序混乱、车行速度下降、交通安全性降低的一个主要因素。在这种背景下，本论文选择城市交通控制系统的核心问题——信号配时参数及其优化方法作为主要研究内容，包括绪论、信号交叉口数据采集与分析、混合交通条件下信号交叉口的渠化、混合交通条件下交叉口相位设计方法研究、混合交通条件下信号交叉口配时优化研究和全文总结与展望六部分内容。

本文结合我国目前的交通状况，着力将所要研究的内容与实际应用结合起来，研究了城市信号交叉口交通调查的方法，通过实地观测手段获得民主中路与和平街交叉路口的几何形式、交通管理和交通运行状况的信息，以此作为建立模型和验证模型的支持数据，并在现有信号相位设计基本原则的基础上，深入研究了混合通行情况下的相位方案及渠化设计。同时，由于目前交通路口的信号配时大多采用只考虑机动车辆影响的F．韦伯斯特．B．柯布理论，不适合中国混合交通流的特点，本文考虑混合交通环境下机动车和非机动车对信号配时的影响，对F．韦伯斯特．B．柯布信号配时公式进行改进，提出适合中国国情的交通路口信号配时计算公式，最后通过民主中路与和平街交叉路口的实测交通数据验证信号配时公式有效性，并进行相关的讨论。

本文以延误时间、停车次数和通行能力作为性能指标，各性能指标的加权系数随交通需求的不同而变化，提出交叉口配时方法，所得结果优于经典方法，可以一定程度上降低交叉口的总延误时间和停车次数，提高通行能力。

关键词：混合交通信号相位信号配时

ABSTRACT

For many years，much discussion has surrounded the intersection of the urban traffic network．For some，it is the’'bottleneck”of the whole traffic network's capacity．Others believe that it contributes much to the traffic accidents；still others stress the obvious role it plays in not only the severe delay time，much traffic accide- nts and tardy flow but also the whole urban pollution．However,in our country,on account of the existence of mixed traffic flow,vehicles flow,non-motorized vehicle flow,pedestrians shunt and interflow time and again at signalized intersection,this status result indisordered traffic，low vehicle speed and traffic safety level．Under the circumstances，this dissertation chooses the key problem in urban traffic signal control----signal timing parameters and optimization methods as its research target．This dissertation is consisted of introduction, collection of database，canalization design,design of signal phase,optimization methods of signal timing parameters of mixed traffic，and conclusion and expectation．

Related witll the traffic status of our country,the content of this paper is combined with practical application．The paper studies how to investigate traffic status in urban signal intersection.By field observing,this paper get the geometry form、traffic control and traffic running state of Mingzhu Middle road and Heping road intersection，which Can be support database for model building and model testing．And this paper ,On currently basic design principles of signal phaSe，deeply study of signal phase and canalization design．Conventional signal timing oftraffic an intersection mainly use F．V．Webster and B．M．Cobber’S theory that only consider the influence of vehicles，and that doesn’t fit in with the signal timing of traffic at intersection in China．This paper considers the influence of not only vehicle but also non-vehicle traffic on signal timing,amend the FV．Webster and B．M．Cobber’S signal timing formula and put forward the signal timing formula that fit in with the signal timing of traffic at intersection in China．At last，the simulation based on the data of Mingzhu Middle road and Heping road intersection verifies the effectiveness of the signal timing formula with some discussions．