2020年高考英语必考点全梳理专题12-定语从句(精讲深剖)附答案

专题12定语从句——精讲深剖

1.（2019·江苏卷·单项填空）We have entered into an age _______ dreams have the best chance of coming true.

A. which

B. what

C. when

D. that

【答案】C

【解析】考查定语从句。句意：我们已经进入到了一个时代，在这个时代梦想实现的机会最大。句中先行词为an age（一个时代），且先行词在从句中做时间状语，所以关系词用when。故选C。

2.（2019·天津卷·单项填空）11.Their child is at the stage__________ she can say individual words but not full sentences.

A. why

B. where

C. which

D. what

【答案】B

【解析】考查定语从句。句意：他们的孩子正处于能说单个单词而不能说完整句子的阶段。句中she can say individual words but not full sentences是一个定语从句，先行词是the stage，关系词在定语从句中作地点状语，用关系副词where，故选B。

3.(2019·新课标I卷·短文改错)One afternoon where I was in primary school, I was walking by the school playground.

【答案】One afternoon where

when

I was in primary school, I was walking by the school playground.

【解析】考查定语从句。先行词one afternoon表示时间在定语从句中作状语，所以关系词使用when。故将where改为when。

4.(2019·新课标II卷·语法填空)Now Irene Astbury works from 9am to 5pm daily at the pet shop in Macclesfield，

______ she opened with her late husband Les.

【答案】where

【解析】考查非限制性定语从句。分析句子结构可知，先行词为the pet shop，在非限制性定语从句中作opened 一词的宾语，故用which。

5.(2019·新课标III卷·语法填空)They were well trained by their masters ______ had great experience with caring for these animals.

真题速递

【答案】who

【解析】考查定语从句。句意：它们被他们的主人训练地很好，它们的主人在照顾这些动物方面很有经验。先行词为masters（主人），且从句缺主语。故关系词填who。

6.（2019·新课标III卷·短文改错) In the cafe, customers will enjoy themselves in the historical environment what is created for them.

【答案】

In the cafe, customers will enjoy themselves in the historical environment is created for them.

【解析】本句考查定语从句。先行词environment 在从句中做主语，指物，关系代词用that/which。故把what 改为that/which。

7.(2019·浙江卷·语法填空）On the edge of the jacket, there is a piece of cloth ______gives off light in the dark.

【答案】that/which

【解析】考查定语从句。这是个限制性定语从句，先行词是cloth，指物，从句中缺少主语，因此，可以用that 或which引导。故填that/which。

8.（2019·北京卷·语法填空）What students do at college seems to matter much more than ___8___ they go.

【答案】where

【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：学生在大学里做什么似乎比去哪里（哪所大学）更重要。这里表达去哪所大学，表示地点，作状语。故用where。

9.（2019·北京卷·语法填空）The students benefiting most from college are those ______ are totally engaged(参与)in academic life.

【答案】who/that

【解析】考查定语从句。句意：从大学中获益最多的学生是那些完全投入学术生活的学生。___3___ are totally engaged(参与)in academic life.是定语从句，修饰先行词those，空格处在句中作主语，代指人，故填who或that。

10.（2018·北京）She and her family bicycle to work, _________ helps them keep fit.

A. which

B. who

C. as

D. that

【答案】A

【解析】考查非限制性定语从句。句意：她和家人骑自行车去上班，这有助于她们保持健康。“____ helps them keep fit”是非限制性定语从句，该从句修饰整个主句，引导词在从句中做主语，故该从句应用关系代词which

引导。A选项正确。

点睛：非限制性定语从句即可修饰主句的一部分，也可以修饰整个主句。其引导词的选择和限制性定语从句的判断规则一致，即：第一、找准先行词；第二、看先行词在定语从句中所作的成分。需要注意的是，that不能