独立主格PPT课件
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独立主格PPT课件
② 名词/代词+副词 ☞ Nobody in, the thief took a lot of things away.
☞ Lunch over, he left the house. But he was thinking..
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③ 名词/代词+现在分词
☞ Winter coming, it gets colder and colder. 冬天 来了，天气越来越冷了。
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There being+名词： there being nothing else to do, we
went home
名词(代词)+不定式：She proposed a picnic, she
herself to pay the railway tickets, and Mary to provide
☞ It raining, I stayed at home.
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比较三句：
☞ It rained so/and I stayed at home. ☞ Because it rained yesterday, I stayed at home. ☞ It raining, I stayed at home.
☞ The question being settled, we wound up the meeting. 问题解决之后，我们结束了会议。
☞ The rain having stopped, he went out for a walk. 雨停了，他出去散步。
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④ 名词/代词+过去分词
the food.
名词(代词) +介词短语： the teacher entered the
☞ Lunch over, he left the house. But he was thinking..
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③ 名词/代词+现在分词
☞ Winter coming, it gets colder and colder. 冬天 来了，天气越来越冷了。
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There being+名词： there being nothing else to do, we
went home
名词(代词)+不定式：She proposed a picnic, she
herself to pay the railway tickets, and Mary to provide
☞ It raining, I stayed at home.
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4
比较三句：
☞ It rained so/and I stayed at home. ☞ Because it rained yesterday, I stayed at home. ☞ It raining, I stayed at home.
☞ The question being settled, we wound up the meeting. 问题解决之后，我们结束了会议。
☞ The rain having stopped, he went out for a walk. 雨停了，他出去散步。
.
④ 名词/代词+过去分词
the food.
名词(代词) +介词短语： the teacher entered the
独立主格结构优秀公开课课件(共17张)
If the guide leads the way, we won't worry about our safety in Britain.
4、伴随状语独立主格结构作伴随状语时相当于一个介词短语或并列谓语。如：
A map in your hand, you can travel around London more conveniently.
◇连句成篇◇
Homework:
1、完成微写作，并适当添加一些细节； 2、复习、巩固独立主格结构的相关知识点。
伦敦有如此多的美丽的名胜古迹，每年有大量的游客被吸引到伦敦。 So many places of interest in London beautiful ， many visitors are attracted to London every year.
The tower of Londow
霓虹灯下的伦敦显得更加美丽。
三、伴随状语
She left the offices with tears _i_n_h_e_r_e_y_e.s The murderer was brought in, with his hands tied behind (tie).
四、后置定语
Do you know the man __w__it_h_ a book in his hand?
4. 逻辑主语+名词/不定式 不定式表示未发生的动作或发生 在句子谓语动作之后。
Every year there are many visitors to London
，most of c are Chinese. , most of A Chinese. , and most of A are Chinese. ; most of A are Chinese. A. them B. who C. whom D. \
4、伴随状语独立主格结构作伴随状语时相当于一个介词短语或并列谓语。如：
A map in your hand, you can travel around London more conveniently.
◇连句成篇◇
Homework:
1、完成微写作，并适当添加一些细节； 2、复习、巩固独立主格结构的相关知识点。
伦敦有如此多的美丽的名胜古迹，每年有大量的游客被吸引到伦敦。 So many places of interest in London beautiful ， many visitors are attracted to London every year.
The tower of Londow
霓虹灯下的伦敦显得更加美丽。
三、伴随状语
She left the offices with tears _i_n_h_e_r_e_y_e.s The murderer was brought in, with his hands tied behind (tie).
四、后置定语
Do you know the man __w__it_h_ a book in his hand?
4. 逻辑主语+名词/不定式 不定式表示未发生的动作或发生 在句子谓语动作之后。
Every year there are many visitors to London
，most of c are Chinese. , most of A Chinese. , and most of A are Chinese. ; most of A are Chinese. A. them B. who C. whom D. \
独立主格结构PPT课件
I to go to New York, he asked me not.（我 要去纽约，他却要我别去）
2、名词/代词 + doing It being fine, we decided to go for a picnic. There being no bus or taxi, we had to walk home. There being nothing else to do, we left. The problem having been settled, we ended our meeting. The clock having struck 12, I went to bed.
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我们一起来改一下这个句子： After his work had been finished, he went home. His work finished, he went home.
His work having been finished, he went home.
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3、名词/代词 + done His voice drowned by the noise, the speaker interrupted his lecture.
我看见深深的池塘里，水蓝蓝的像天空。
The condition (being) favorable, he may succeed. 条件有利的话，他可能成功。
Summer (being) over, students returned to school. 夏天过去了，学生回到了学校。
All the lights on, our classroom building looks even more beautiful.
2、名词/代词 + doing It being fine, we decided to go for a picnic. There being no bus or taxi, we had to walk home. There being nothing else to do, we left. The problem having been settled, we ended our meeting. The clock having struck 12, I went to bed.
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我们一起来改一下这个句子： After his work had been finished, he went home. His work finished, he went home.
His work having been finished, he went home.
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3、名词/代词 + done His voice drowned by the noise, the speaker interrupted his lecture.
我看见深深的池塘里，水蓝蓝的像天空。
The condition (being) favorable, he may succeed. 条件有利的话，他可能成功。
Summer (being) over, students returned to school. 夏天过去了，学生回到了学校。
All the lights on, our classroom building looks even more beautiful.
独立主格结构PPT课件
rested upon his left forearm.
O 2.The coward was backing ，his face being deathly
pale，toward another room． 那个胆小鬼向另一个房间退去，脸色煞白。
O The coward was backing toward another room ．His
名词/主格代词+形容词
An air accident happened to the plane, nobody alive. 那架飞机遭遇了空难，无一人生还。
名词/主格代词+副词
The meeting over, they all went home. 会议一结束，
他们就都回家了
名词/主格代词+介词短语
A. finishing
√B. finished
C. had finished NhomakorabeaD. were finished
解析：选B。此处考查独立主格结构。如选D项，their lessons前应 加连词，所以D项不对；又由于their lessons与finish之间为动宾 （被动）关系，所以A、C两项不对，选B属于独立主格结构。
Palace．做条件状语
4.There being no bus, I have to walk home.
做原因状语
Structure
名词/主格代词与现在分词之间是主谓关系
The girl staring at him (= As the girl stared at him), he didn’t know what to say. 姑娘两眼望着他，他不知道说 什么好。
The boy went to the classroom, book in hand. 那男孩手
O 2.The coward was backing ，his face being deathly
pale，toward another room． 那个胆小鬼向另一个房间退去，脸色煞白。
O The coward was backing toward another room ．His
名词/主格代词+形容词
An air accident happened to the plane, nobody alive. 那架飞机遭遇了空难，无一人生还。
名词/主格代词+副词
The meeting over, they all went home. 会议一结束，
他们就都回家了
名词/主格代词+介词短语
A. finishing
√B. finished
C. had finished NhomakorabeaD. were finished
解析：选B。此处考查独立主格结构。如选D项，their lessons前应 加连词，所以D项不对；又由于their lessons与finish之间为动宾 （被动）关系，所以A、C两项不对，选B属于独立主格结构。
Palace．做条件状语
4.There being no bus, I have to walk home.
做原因状语
Structure
名词/主格代词与现在分词之间是主谓关系
The girl staring at him (= As the girl stared at him), he didn’t know what to say. 姑娘两眼望着他，他不知道说 什么好。
The boy went to the classroom, book in hand. 那男孩手
《独立主格结构》课件
名词/代词+不定式
例如，He lay on the bed，to rest.
with引导的独立主格结构
with+名词/代词+形容词
例如，With the weather fine，we decided to go out.
பைடு நூலகம்
with+名词/代词+副词
例如，With the children away，they had a peaceful weekend.
《独立主格结构》 PPT课件
目录
CONTENTS
• 独立主格结构的定义 • 独立主格结构的类型 • 独立主格结构在句子中的作用 • 独立主格结构的构成 • 独立主格结构的用法举例 • 独立主格结构与其它结构的辨析
01 独立主格结构的定义
什么是独立主格结构
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独立主格结构是一种语法结构， 它由一个主语和一个谓语组成， 但主语和谓语之间没有连接词。
总结词
副词性独立主格结构是由副词或副词短语构成的，主要在句中作状 语。
详细描述
例如，“The book written by him is mine.”，其中“written by him”就是一个副词性独立主格结构，表示“这本书是他写的”。
03 独立主格结构在句子中的 作用
补充说明
总结词
独立主格结构用于对句子的主句进行补充说明，提供更多的细节或背景信息。
件等。
总结词
名词性独立主格结构是由名词或 名词短语构成的，主要在句中作
状语。
详细描述
例如，“The book in the library is mine.”，其中“in the library”就是一个名词性独 立主格结构，表示“这本书在图
高考英语语法一轮复习独立主格结构和with复合结构复习PPT课件(原文)
= When winter comes on, the trees turn yellow and some birds fly south.
（２）作原因状语
With the key lost, she could not enter the room.
=The key lost, she could not enter the room.
=Soon she arrived at a park whose grass was green and whose flowers were in blossom.
巩固练习
1.__ ten minutes __ before the last train
(Ⅵ)有些独立主格结构中没有分词，仅
left, we arrived at the station. 在名词或代词之后直接跟作表语或状语
（Ⅰ）with/without＋名词／代词＋现在分词。 用现在分词表示主动、正在进行或发生的动作。
I couldn`t finish my work with those children __. A. playing around B. plays around C. played around D. to play around
(Ⅳ)名词／代词＋不定式
1.I send you 100 dollars today, the rest __ in a year. (2005湖南)
A. follows
B. followed
C. to follow
D. being followed
. 2._T_h_e__l_a_s__t_g_u__e_s_t__t_o__a_r_r_i_v_e_ (最后一个人
（２）作原因状语
With the key lost, she could not enter the room.
=The key lost, she could not enter the room.
=Soon she arrived at a park whose grass was green and whose flowers were in blossom.
巩固练习
1.__ ten minutes __ before the last train
(Ⅵ)有些独立主格结构中没有分词，仅
left, we arrived at the station. 在名词或代词之后直接跟作表语或状语
（Ⅰ）with/without＋名词／代词＋现在分词。 用现在分词表示主动、正在进行或发生的动作。
I couldn`t finish my work with those children __. A. playing around B. plays around C. played around D. to play around
(Ⅳ)名词／代词＋不定式
1.I send you 100 dollars today, the rest __ in a year. (2005湖南)
A. follows
B. followed
C. to follow
D. being followed
. 2._T_h_e__l_a_s__t_g_u__e_s_t__t_o__a_r_r_i_v_e_ (最后一个人
高中英语语法______独立主格结构课件
(Ⅰ) 名词/代词+分词(过去分词done & 现在分词doing)
当分词作状语时,其逻辑主语与句子的主 语不一致时,分词应有自己的逻辑主语, 构成分词的独立结构。一般位于句首,也 可放在句尾;作伴随状语时,常放在句首。 1T._h_is__p_ro_b__le_m__s_e_t_tl_e_d, they left the meeting – room. （问题解决了）（settle） 2T._im__e_p_e_r_m__it_t_in_g,we`ll go there on foot. (时间允许的话)(permit) 3.He was lying on the grass,(他的手交叉在头下) his h_a_n_d_s__cr_o_s_s_e_d_u__n_d_e_r_h_i_s_h_e_a_d_._(cross)
(ⅤI) with/without+名词／代词＋副词。
__ C
production up by 60%,
the company has had another excellent
year.
A. As B. For C. With D. Through
活学巧用
1.The square looks more
C 1. With a lot of difficult problems __
, the
newly-elected president is having a hard time.
A. settled B. settling
C. to settle D. being settled
2.因为有太多的作业要做，所以我们不能出去玩。
结构:
名词/代词 + 非谓语（doing & todo & done）
独立主格结构.PPT课件
The students are walking in the school happily,
each wearing a card in front of his chest.
卡。
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3. “名词/代词+过去分词”结构
该结构在句中常作 时间状语、原因状语、方式或伴 随状语、条件状语等。
(T1h)e作时tes间t
D. When goodbye
6. She stood there, _______ from her cheeks.
A. tears' rolling down
(4) 作条件 状语：
More time given, we can finish the work.
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【综合比较三种非谓语动词独立主格结构】
1. 名词或代词+不定式 其中的不定式通常表示尚未发生或即将要发生的动作。 2. 名词或代词+现在分词 其中的现在分词通常表示动作正在进行（或当时正在 进行）或一般情况的状态、动作。
Grammar
独立主格
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【独立主格结构的概念】
独立主格结构是一种特殊的结构，可以理解为一个
在句中做 状语 的短语，用于修饰整个句子。其位置
灵活，可位于句前或句末，常由逗号将其与句子分开。 需特别注意的是，独立主格结构与主句之间不能使用 任何连接词。
独立主格结构主要有两部分构成：逻辑主语和逻辑 谓语。名词或代词 作为逻辑主语 ；现在分词、过去分 词、动词不定式、形容词、副词、或介词短语等作为 逻辑谓语。
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The food being cooked, the boy was watching
TV. 小孩一边做饭，一边看电视。
分词作状语及独立主格结构课件-2025届高三英语一轮复习
-ing作状语的基本用法 用法1:v-ing作_时__间____状语。
When he walked out of the room, he saw a dog. 当他走出房间时，他看见一只狗
W__a_l_k_i_n_g____(walk) out of the room, he saw a dog.
Seeing
2. Arrived at the gate of our classroom, I found my head teacher standing there. Arriving
3. Encouraging by the teacher’s words, we decided to work hard. Encouraging
Please work out the problem _u__si_n_g_______(use) another way.
1.Walking out of the room, he saw a dog. 2.Feeling sleepy, he couldn’t focus on the class now. 3.Studying hard, we will get good results. 4.Knowing it is difficult , I don’t give up. 5.He was absorbed in studying ,forgetting to eat. Conclusion:动词的现在分词作状语可表示_时__间____,_原___因____,__条___件___, __让___步_____,__结___果_____伴随，方式等情况。
用法2:v-ing作__原__因___状语。
Because Mr. Panda felt sleepy, he couldnபைடு நூலகம்t focus on the class now. 因为熊猫先生很困，他无法集中精神听课.
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种上许多的树、花和草后，我们新建的学校看上去将更美。
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4. 名词(主格代词+形容词
An air accident happened to the plane,nobody alive. 那架飞机遭遇了空难，无一人生还。
So many people absent, the meeting had to be called off. 这么多人缺席，会议不得不取消。 Computers very small, we can use them widely.
The four of us agreed on a division of labor, each to translate a quarter of the book.
我们四人同意分工干，每人翻译全书的四分之一。
Many trees, flowers, and grass to be planted, our newlybuilt school will look even more beautiful.
A. had been fulfilled B. were fulfilled C. having been fulfilled D. been fulfilled
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独立主格结构
一. 概念 二. 构成形式 三. 句法功能 四. 特点 五. 注意事项
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一、独立主格结构的概念
独立主格结构（Absolute Structure ）有 两部分组成，前一部份是名词或者代词，后 一部分是非谓语动词(不定式、动名词和分词) 或形容词、副词、或介词短语。前后两部分 具有逻辑主谓关系。独立主格结构在句中做 状语，多用于书面语。 独立主格结构本身不 是句子，在句子中作状语，表示时间、原因、 条件、伴随、目的等。
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二、独立主格结构基本构成形式 （一）一般独立主格形式:与主句逻辑关系松散 1. 名词(主格代词)+现在分词 名词/主格代词与现在分词之间是主动关系。如：
The girl staring at him(= As the girl stared at him), he didn‘t know what to say. 姑娘两眼望着他，他不 知道说什么好。
每天下午，一个背着一大背柴禾的老妇人都会从那 间破旧的房屋前蹒跚着走过。
Time permitting(= If time permits), we will go for an outing tomorrow. 如果时间允许的话，我们明天去郊 游。
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2. 名词(代词)+过去分词
名词/主格代词与过去分词之间是被动关系。如：
The problems solved(= As the problems were solved), the quality has been improved. 随着问题的 解决，质量已经提高了。
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2. ____ nothing to talk about, he said good-bye and went out of the room. （2005年）
A. There was B. There being C. Being D. There been
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3. All the tasks ____ ahead of time, they decided to go on holiday for a week. （2011年）
电脑虽小，我们却能广泛地利用它们。
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5. 名词(主格代词)+副词 The meeting over, our headmaster soon left the meeting room. 散会了，校长很快就离开了会议室。 The lights off, we could not go on with the work. 灯熄了，我们不能继续工作了。
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7. 名词(代词) +介词短语
He lay at full length upon his stomach，his head resting upon his left forearm．
他的脊背朝天，四肢伸展，头枕着左臂，直挺挺地 趴伏着。
Every afternoon a very old woman hobbled past the old house，a vast load of firewood on her back．
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6. 名词(代词)+名词 His first shot failure，he fired again． 他第一枪没击中，又打了一枪。 Two hundred people died in the accident, many of them children. 两百人死于事故，其中有许多儿童。
Her glasses broken(= Because her glasses were broken), she couldn't see the words on the blackboard. 由于眼镜摔坏了，她看不见黑板上的字。
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3. 名词(代词)+不定式 在“名词/代词+动词不定式”结构中，动词不定式和它前面 的名词或代词如果存在着逻辑上的主谓关系，动词不定式则 用主动的形式；如果是动宾关系，则用被动形式。
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非谓语动词作状语，其逻辑主语须与主句主语 保持一致。若不一致，非谓语动词形式须另带主语， 从而构成复合结构的形式作状语。这种结构称为 “独立结构”。其中，非谓语动词主动用现在分词， 被动用过去分词。
非谓语动词及其短语前面带有逻辑主语，逻辑 主语的代词又是主格，故常称为“独立主格”。 “独立结构”在句中起状语作用，相当于状语从句， 表示时间、原因、条件、方式或伴随等情况。
独立主格结构 （Absolute Structure）
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历年真题
1. ____， We missed our plane. （2002年） A. The train being late B. To be late C. The train is being late D. The train which is late
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4. 名词(主格代词+形容词
An air accident happened to the plane,nobody alive. 那架飞机遭遇了空难，无一人生还。
So many people absent, the meeting had to be called off. 这么多人缺席，会议不得不取消。 Computers very small, we can use them widely.
The four of us agreed on a division of labor, each to translate a quarter of the book.
我们四人同意分工干，每人翻译全书的四分之一。
Many trees, flowers, and grass to be planted, our newlybuilt school will look even more beautiful.
A. had been fulfilled B. were fulfilled C. having been fulfilled D. been fulfilled
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独立主格结构
一. 概念 二. 构成形式 三. 句法功能 四. 特点 五. 注意事项
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一、独立主格结构的概念
独立主格结构（Absolute Structure ）有 两部分组成，前一部份是名词或者代词，后 一部分是非谓语动词(不定式、动名词和分词) 或形容词、副词、或介词短语。前后两部分 具有逻辑主谓关系。独立主格结构在句中做 状语，多用于书面语。 独立主格结构本身不 是句子，在句子中作状语，表示时间、原因、 条件、伴随、目的等。
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二、独立主格结构基本构成形式 （一）一般独立主格形式:与主句逻辑关系松散 1. 名词(主格代词)+现在分词 名词/主格代词与现在分词之间是主动关系。如：
The girl staring at him(= As the girl stared at him), he didn‘t know what to say. 姑娘两眼望着他，他不 知道说什么好。
每天下午，一个背着一大背柴禾的老妇人都会从那 间破旧的房屋前蹒跚着走过。
Time permitting(= If time permits), we will go for an outing tomorrow. 如果时间允许的话，我们明天去郊 游。
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2. 名词(代词)+过去分词
名词/主格代词与过去分词之间是被动关系。如：
The problems solved(= As the problems were solved), the quality has been improved. 随着问题的 解决，质量已经提高了。
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2. ____ nothing to talk about, he said good-bye and went out of the room. （2005年）
A. There was B. There being C. Being D. There been
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3. All the tasks ____ ahead of time, they decided to go on holiday for a week. （2011年）
电脑虽小，我们却能广泛地利用它们。
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5. 名词(主格代词)+副词 The meeting over, our headmaster soon left the meeting room. 散会了，校长很快就离开了会议室。 The lights off, we could not go on with the work. 灯熄了，我们不能继续工作了。
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7. 名词(代词) +介词短语
He lay at full length upon his stomach，his head resting upon his left forearm．
他的脊背朝天，四肢伸展，头枕着左臂，直挺挺地 趴伏着。
Every afternoon a very old woman hobbled past the old house，a vast load of firewood on her back．
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6. 名词(代词)+名词 His first shot failure，he fired again． 他第一枪没击中，又打了一枪。 Two hundred people died in the accident, many of them children. 两百人死于事故，其中有许多儿童。
Her glasses broken(= Because her glasses were broken), she couldn't see the words on the blackboard. 由于眼镜摔坏了，她看不见黑板上的字。
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3. 名词(代词)+不定式 在“名词/代词+动词不定式”结构中，动词不定式和它前面 的名词或代词如果存在着逻辑上的主谓关系，动词不定式则 用主动的形式；如果是动宾关系，则用被动形式。
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非谓语动词作状语，其逻辑主语须与主句主语 保持一致。若不一致，非谓语动词形式须另带主语， 从而构成复合结构的形式作状语。这种结构称为 “独立结构”。其中，非谓语动词主动用现在分词， 被动用过去分词。
非谓语动词及其短语前面带有逻辑主语，逻辑 主语的代词又是主格，故常称为“独立主格”。 “独立结构”在句中起状语作用，相当于状语从句， 表示时间、原因、条件、方式或伴随等情况。
独立主格结构 （Absolute Structure）
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历年真题
1. ____， We missed our plane. （2002年） A. The train being late B. To be late C. The train is being late D. The train which is late