独立主格结构—课件

3、逻辑主语+形容词（副词）
该结构相当于一个未带动词的“主—系—表” 结构。如：
B 1)___________, the patient can leave the hospital. A. Better conditions B. Conditions better C. Conditions are better D. Being better conditions
分词短语在句中常作以下状语：
1、原因状语
D 1.______late, we had to walk home.
A.Being C.We being B.As we were D.A and B
D busy, they had no time to 2.______
A.As they were B.Being C.Because they were D.all the above
2、时间状语 独立主格结构作时间状语时相当于一个由 when, as soon as, after等引导的时间状语 从句。如：
D 1.________, the train started. A. The signal given B. After the signal was given C. Given the signal D.A and B D 2.________, the text became easier for us to learn. A. New words explained B. When new words were explained C. When teacher explained new words D. all the above
D 2.________by your teachers, you are supposed to be modest.
A.When you are praised B.Praised
C.When praised
D.all the above
3、条件状语 D more time, he is sure to finish his test 1.______
3、条件状语 独立主格结构作条件状语时可以改为由 if 引导 的条件状语从句。如：
D 1).________, we'll go to visit the Great Wall. A. Weather permitting B. If weather permits C. If permitting D. A and B
独立主格结构 常见类型及其用法
一、独立主格结构的构成形式 1、逻辑主语+V-ing 这种构成形式内部的逻辑主语是分词的 动作执行者，分词表示的动作不是整句 主语发出的动作，而是其逻辑主语发出 的动作。如：
A 1).________no bus, we had to walk home. A.There being B.Being C.Having been D.There was
A. and he was followed
C.and was followed
B. followed
D. all the above
二、独立主格结构 和 with + 复合宾语 结构 在句子中作状语时，这种结构内部的分词或介 词短语的逻辑主语不是整句的主语，即主句主 语与分词的逻辑主语不一致。如：
C 2)_________, the patient can leave the hospital. A.If better conditions B.If conditions better C.If conditions are better D.Being better conditions
B we’d like to go outing. 3._____, A. Being Sunday B. Sunday OK C. Sunday is OK D. If Sunday OK D 4.______, we’d like to go outing. A. If Sunday is OK B. Sunday being OK C. Sunday OK D.A,B and C D you can wait a while. 5._____, A. The play being still on B. The play still on C Being still on the play D.A and B
在下列两种情况下，独立主格结构中的being （或having been）不能省略。
• (1) 独立主格的逻辑主语是代词时。如：It being Sunday, we went to church.因为是星期天， 我们去了做礼拜。 (2)在There being＋名词的结构中。如： There being no bus, we had to go home on foot.因 为没有公共汽车，所以我们不得不步行回家
A. His eyes closing B. With his eyes closed C. Closed eyes D. Closed his eyes
B 3.________, I couldn’t get the book I wanted.
A. Closed
C. Closing library
4、伴随状语
A 1.Father came back, _______ a bag of money on his left shoulder.
A. carrying B. he was carrying
C.and carrying D. all the above
D 2.Father came back, _______ by a monkey.
•
二、独立主格结构在整句中可作以下成分： 1、原因状语 该结构在句中作原因状语时相当于一个原因状语 从句。如：
A 1).________ no bus, we had to walk home. A.There being B.As there was C.There was D.A and B
D 2)._________Sunday, the library doesn't open. A.It being B.As it is C.Being D.A and B
paper. A. If he is given B. If given C. Given D. all the above
D another chance, I'll do my job better. 2._______
A. If I have B. If having C. Having D. all the above
D 4)______Sunday, the library doesn't open. A.As it being B.Being C.It is D.As it is
2、逻辑主语+V-ed 该构成形式内部的逻辑主语是分词的动作承受者。
A 1)_________, the train started.
D 3._____, I had to ask for two days ’ leave.
A.Mother being ill C.As mother was ill B.Mother ill D. A,B and C
D 4.________, we have to work late into
the night. A.The exam near B.The exam being near C.As the exam is near D. A,B and C
C 1.______, we’ll go fishing in the country.
A. Permitting weather B. Weather permitted C. Weather permitting D. Permitting
B 2._________, he finished playing the game of chess.
D 3.Father came home,_________
A. a dog following him B. followed by a dog C. being followed by a dog D. all the above
分词、独立主格和“with + 复合宾语” 作状语的区别
分词结构、独立主格结构、 with + 复合宾语 结构在句中均可作状语，其区别是这样的： 一、分词在句中作状语时句子的主语是 分词的逻辑主语，即主句主语是分词的动作执 行者（用现在分词）或动作承受者（用过去分 词或现在分词被动式）。这种情况下的分词短 语可以改为相应的状语从句或并列谓语。
A.The signal given D.The signal giving B.Giving the signal B.The signal being given
D 2)__________, the train started.
A.After having given the signal B.After the signal given C.Giving the signal D.After the signal was given
B 2)_______no bus, we had to walk home. A.As there being B.As there was C.Being D.There was C 3)_______Sunday, the library doesn't open. A.Being C.It being B.There being D.Having been
4、伴随状语 独立主格结构作伴随状语时相当于一个介词短语 或并列谓语。如：
A 1).We have lessons every day, ________. A. Sunday included B. Sunday including C. Sunday is including D. all the above A 2).The boy fell asleep,_________. A. cap on head B. with a cap on head C. a cap on was on head D. all the above
B. Library sed
D. With library closing
三、使用分词短语、独立主格结构、with + 复合宾语结构分别在句子中作状语时要注意： 它们与主句之间不应有从属连词（如when, if, as soon as, as, while 等）或并列连词（如 and, but, or, so等）。例如：
play.
2、时间状语
D the students' homework, the teacher 1._______
found a lot of mistakes.
A. When he was correcting B. When he corrected
C. Correcting
D. all the above
B 3)______, the text became easier for us to learn. A.Explaining new words B.New words explained C.Being explained new words D.Having explained new words 4)____, A the text became easier for us to learn. When new words were explained Explaining new words New words explaining Being explained new words
2.)_____, D the patient will recover himself soon. A. If the treatment is in time B. The treatment in time C. The treatment being in time D. A, B and C