独立主格结构 PPT

1. 表示时间、条件或原因时，相当于一个状语 从句，一般放在句首；
2. 表伴随状况或补充说明时，相当于一个并列 句，通常放于句末;
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1.The meeting over，we left the room．
做原因状语 /做时间状语
2.He returned home，his face pale．
rested upon his left forearm.
O 2.The coward was backing ，his face being deathly
pale，toward another room． 那个胆小鬼向另一个房间退去，脸色煞白。
O The coward was backing toward another room ．His
独立主格结构
Nominative Absolute Structure
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来自百度文库
1
1. No man can do two things at once.
一心不可二用 。
A man cannot spin and reel at the same time. 2. No man is wise at all time.
两个人的活。
表示补充说明
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Conclusion
独立主格结构的功能
功能：独立主格结构主要用于描绘性文字中，
多用于书面语，其作用相当于一个状语从句或 并列句，常用来表示谓语动词的时间、原因、
条件、行为方式或伴随情况等。在口语和非正
式文体中，一般用从句或两个句子来代替。
Attention!!
独立主格结构
A. finishing
√B. finished
C. had finished
D. were finished
解析：选B。此处考查独立主格结构。如选D项，their lessons前应 加连词，所以D项不对；又由于their lessons与finish之间为动宾 （被动）关系，所以A、C两项不对，选B属于独立主格结构。
名词/主格代词与过去分词之间是动宾关系。
The problems solved (= As the problems were solved), the quality has been improved. 随着问题的解决，质量已 经提高了。
名词/主格代词与不定式之间是将来的或具体的动作。
They said good-bye to each other, one to go home, the other to go to the bookstore. 他们道别后，一个回了家， 一个去了书店。
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名词/主格代词+形容词
An air accident happened to the plane, nobody alive. 那架飞机遭遇了空难，无一人生还。
名词/主格代词+副词
The meeting over, they all went home. 会议一结束，
他们就都回家了
名词/主格代词+介词短语
2.The meeting ______over, we all left the room
and drove home.（上海）
A. is
√ B. to be C. being D. would be
3.There _______no bus, we had to walk home.
√A. being B. to be C. was D. been
face was deathly pale.
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The work done ,we went home.用作时间状语 工作完成后，我们就回家了。
After the work had been done, we went home.
Weather permitting , they will go on an outing to the beach tomorrow. 用作条件状语
做伴随状语
3.Time permitting，we’ll visit the Summer
Palace．做条件状语
4.There being no bus, I have to walk home.
做原因状语
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Structure
名词/主格代词与现在分词之间是主谓关系
The girl staring at him (= As the girl stared at him), he didn’t know what to say. 姑娘两眼望着他，他不知道说什 么好。
用作原因状语
He was lying on the grass, his hands crossed under his head.他躺在草地上，两手交叉枕在脑后。
用作伴随状语
We redoubled our efforts, each man
working like two. 我们加倍努力，一个人干
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O 1.He lay at full length upon his stomach ，his head
resting upon his left forearm． 他的脊背朝天，四肢伸展，头枕着左臂，直挺挺地趴伏着。
O He lay at full length upon his stomach . His head
聪明一世，糊涂一时。
3. No man is content .
人心不足蛇吞象。
4. No news is good news.
没有消息就是好消息。
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1.The children went home from the grammar
school, their lessons ______ for the day.(07重庆）
The boy went to the classroom, book in hand. 那男孩手
如果天气允许的话，他们将在明天组织一次海 滨小游。
If weather permits, they will go on an outing to the beach tomorrow.
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There being no taxis, we had to walk. 没有出租车，我们只好步行。