独立主格PPT课件
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独立主格结构(完整版)
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Absolute Construction
独立主格结构
精选2021版课件
1
一、 独立主格结构的构成：
• 英语中的独立主格结构从语法上看，它是 一个独立的成分，而不是句子（因为句中 没有谓语），在句中主要用作状语，通常 可转换成状语从句。
could do for us. 她面带微笑问我们要什么。
精选2021版课件
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表伴随时，既可用分词的独立结构， 也可用with复合结构。 with +名词 (代词)+现在分词/过去分词/形容词/ 副词/不定式/介词短语
He stood there, his hand raised.
= He stood there, with his hand raised.
A house to be built, we must save every cent. 由于要建一座房子，我们必须节省每一分钱。
Now here is Li Lei, Wei Fang to come tomorrow.
现在李蕾来了，魏方明天到。
精选2021版课件
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We divided the work, he to clean the window and I to sweep the floor.
3.The meeting ____, he went back to his company. A. over B. been over C. was over D. have been over
4.Time ____,we shall visit the zoo. A. been permitting B. permitting C. permitted D. having been permitted
Absolute Construction
独立主格结构
精选2021版课件
1
一、 独立主格结构的构成：
• 英语中的独立主格结构从语法上看，它是 一个独立的成分，而不是句子（因为句中 没有谓语），在句中主要用作状语，通常 可转换成状语从句。
could do for us. 她面带微笑问我们要什么。
精选2021版课件
18
表伴随时，既可用分词的独立结构， 也可用with复合结构。 with +名词 (代词)+现在分词/过去分词/形容词/ 副词/不定式/介词短语
He stood there, his hand raised.
= He stood there, with his hand raised.
A house to be built, we must save every cent. 由于要建一座房子，我们必须节省每一分钱。
Now here is Li Lei, Wei Fang to come tomorrow.
现在李蕾来了，魏方明天到。
精选2021版课件
7
We divided the work, he to clean the window and I to sweep the floor.
3.The meeting ____, he went back to his company. A. over B. been over C. was over D. have been over
4.Time ____,we shall visit the zoo. A. been permitting B. permitting C. permitted D. having been permitted
张道真英语语法(第三版)(精华版)课件lecture 14-16 独立主格结构
▪ 他躺在草地上，双手交叉枕在头下。 He was lying on the grass,his hands crossed under his head. =He was lying on the grass, and his hands were
crossed under his head. ▪ 如果给我们更多的时间，我们就能完成这项工作。 Given more time, we can finish the work. ＝If we are given more time, we can... More time given to us, we can finish the work. =If more time is given to us, we can finish the work.
=Because the boy led the way, we had no ...
▪ 如果我的健康状况允许的话，我会工作到深夜。 My health permitting, I will work far into the night. =If my health permits, I will work far into the night.
▪ The old man, with thick glasses on his nose, is a pianist.
Introduction:
▪ 独立主格结构是一种特殊的结构，可以理解为一 个在句中做状语的短语，用于修饰整个句子，常 用于书面语。
▪ 其位置灵活，可位于句前、句中或句末，常由逗 号将其与句子的主干部分分开。
▪ Her work done, she sat down for a cup of tea.
▪ The teacher entered the classroom, book in hand.
《独立主格结构》PPT课件
2021/4/9
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主格名词/代词 +名词
名词一般做前面名词或代词的同位语。 Many people joined in the work, some of them women and children. 许多人参加了这项工作，其中一些人是妇女和儿童。
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There being +名词
L/O/G/O
Independent Genitive 独立主格结构
2021/4/9
梁歆韵
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独立主格结构
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定义
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构成
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特点
4
功能
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习题
2021/4/9
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What is independent genitive?
This done, we went home.
2021/4/9
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定义
独立主 格结构
than yours. 各方面考虑起来，她的论文比你的论文更要有价值 一些。
2021/4/9
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主格名词/代词 + 不定式
• 不定式表示的是将来的动作。 • He suggested going for a picnic, Mary to
provide the food. • These are the first two books, the third one
-首先它不是一个“句子”，做状 语。在英语中任何一个句子都要 有主谓结构，而在这个结构中， 没有真正的主语和谓语动词，但 又在逻辑上构成主谓或主表关系
。
2021/4/9
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独立主格结构的特点
2021/4/9
•独立主格结构的逻辑主语与 句子的主语不同，它独立存 在。
独立主格结构优秀公开课课件(共17张)
If the guide leads the way, we won't worry about our safety in Britain.
4、伴随状语独立主格结构作伴随状语时相当于一个介词短语或并列谓语。如：
A map in your hand, you can travel around London more conveniently.
◇连句成篇◇
Homework:
1、完成微写作，并适当添加一些细节； 2、复习、巩固独立主格结构的相关知识点。
伦敦有如此多的美丽的名胜古迹，每年有大量的游客被吸引到伦敦。 So many places of interest in London beautiful ， many visitors are attracted to London every year.
The tower of Londow
霓虹灯下的伦敦显得更加美丽。
三、伴随状语
She left the offices with tears _i_n_h_e_r_e_y_e.s The murderer was brought in, with his hands tied behind (tie).
四、后置定语
Do you know the man __w__it_h_ a book in his hand?
4. 逻辑主语+名词/不定式 不定式表示未发生的动作或发生 在句子谓语动作之后。
Every year there are many visitors to London
，most of c are Chinese. , most of A Chinese. , and most of A are Chinese. ; most of A are Chinese. A. them B. who C. whom D. \
4、伴随状语独立主格结构作伴随状语时相当于一个介词短语或并列谓语。如：
A map in your hand, you can travel around London more conveniently.
◇连句成篇◇
Homework:
1、完成微写作，并适当添加一些细节； 2、复习、巩固独立主格结构的相关知识点。
伦敦有如此多的美丽的名胜古迹，每年有大量的游客被吸引到伦敦。 So many places of interest in London beautiful ， many visitors are attracted to London every year.
The tower of Londow
霓虹灯下的伦敦显得更加美丽。
三、伴随状语
She left the offices with tears _i_n_h_e_r_e_y_e.s The murderer was brought in, with his hands tied behind (tie).
四、后置定语
Do you know the man __w__it_h_ a book in his hand?
4. 逻辑主语+名词/不定式 不定式表示未发生的动作或发生 在句子谓语动作之后。
Every year there are many visitors to London
，most of c are Chinese. , most of A Chinese. , and most of A are Chinese. ; most of A are Chinese. A. them B. who C. whom D. \
高三英语一轮复习：读后续写之独立主格概述课件
更多例句：→ He played the piano intently, eyes closed.→ The signal given, the train started.→ New words explained, the text became easier for us to learn.→ The test finished, we began our holiday.→ The president assassinated, the whole country was in deep sorrow.→ The work done, we went home.
3. 名词/主格代词+形容词此结构常用来说明名词或代词的性质、特征或所处的状态。①An air accident happened to the plane, nobody alive.那架飞机遭遇了空难，无一人生还。②So many people absent, the meeting had to be called off.这么多人缺席，会议不得不取消。更多例句：→ He entered the room, his nose red with cold.→ He sat in the front row, his mouth half open.→ Conditions better, the patient can leave the hospital.→ Sunday OK, we’d like to go outing.
②Two militiamen quickly passed by us, rifle in hand.两个民兵手里拿着步枪，迅速地从我们旁边走过去。③A robber burst into the room, knife in hand.一个强盗手持钢刀冲进了房间。〖注〗如果是其他介词则没有这种限定。He came out of the library, a large book under his arm.他从图书馆出来，腋下夹着一大本书。更多例句：→ The boy followed the nobleman here, sword in hand.→ He left the office, tears in eyes.→ He went off, gun in hand.
3. 名词/主格代词+形容词此结构常用来说明名词或代词的性质、特征或所处的状态。①An air accident happened to the plane, nobody alive.那架飞机遭遇了空难，无一人生还。②So many people absent, the meeting had to be called off.这么多人缺席，会议不得不取消。更多例句：→ He entered the room, his nose red with cold.→ He sat in the front row, his mouth half open.→ Conditions better, the patient can leave the hospital.→ Sunday OK, we’d like to go outing.
②Two militiamen quickly passed by us, rifle in hand.两个民兵手里拿着步枪，迅速地从我们旁边走过去。③A robber burst into the room, knife in hand.一个强盗手持钢刀冲进了房间。〖注〗如果是其他介词则没有这种限定。He came out of the library, a large book under his arm.他从图书馆出来，腋下夹着一大本书。更多例句：→ The boy followed the nobleman here, sword in hand.→ He left the office, tears in eyes.→ He went off, gun in hand.
独立主格和with结构-2022年学习资料
Ewamples:-5,She fell asleep with the light burning.-w th+名词+现在分词，作伴随状语-6 Without anything left in the cupbo rd-she went out to get something to eat.-without+-代词+ 去分词，作为原-因状语
就|结构的滋意事项：-2.with结构作状语时，不定式、现在分词-和过去分词的区别-表示正在发生的-或已发 的动作-主动-表示将要发生的-表示被动或完成
特药的脊点：-1.with结构由介词with或without+-复合结构-构成。复合结构中第一部分与第二部 在语-法上是宾语和宾语补足语关系，而在逻辑上-却具有主谓关系，也就是说，可以用第一部-分作主语，第二部分作 语，构成一个句子-如：-With him taken care of,we felt quite-reli ved..（欣慰→He was taken good-care of.
服流特有的脊点：-2.在with结构中，第一部分为人称代词时，-则该用宾格代词。如：-He could n t finish it without me-to help him.-My little son can not sleep without-me to company.
航/猎构的灌意事项：-1.with结构在句子中的位置：-表示时间-表示原因-句首-用逗号隔开-作状语-表示 件-表示方式-句末-不用逗号隔开-表示伴随-作定语-放在被修饰词之后，不用逗号隔开
6他回到了房子里，耳朵冻红了。-He came into the room,his ears red wi h cold.-7他夹着本厚书，走出了图书馆。-He came out of the library,a arge book under-his arm.-8史密斯先生在看报纸，双脚浸在盆里-Mr.Smith i reading newspapers,-feet in the basin.
独立主格PPT课件
种上许多的树、花和草后，我们新建的学校看上去将更美。
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4. 名词(主格代词+形容词
An air accident happened to the plane,nobody alive. 那架飞机遭遇了空难，无一人生还。
So many people absent, the meeting had to be called off. 这么多人缺席，会议不得不取消。 Computers very small, we can use them widely.
The four of us agreed on a division of labor, each to translate a quarter of the book.
我们四人同意分工干，每人翻译全书的四分之一。
Many trees, flowers, and grass to be planted, our newlybuilt school will look even more beautiful.
A. had been fulfilled B. were fulfilled C. having been fulfilled D. been fulfilled
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独立主格结构
一. 概念 二. 构成形式 三. 句法功能 四. 特点 五. 注意事项
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一、独立主格结构的概念
独立主格结构（Absolute Structure ）有 两部分组成，前一部份是名词或者代词，后 一部分是非谓语动词(不定式、动名词和分词) 或形容词、副词、或介词短语。前后两部分 具有逻辑主谓关系。独立主格结构在句中做 状语，多用于书面语。 独立主格结构本身不 是句子，在句子中作状语，表示时间、原因、 条件、伴随、目的等。
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4. 名词(主格代词+形容词
An air accident happened to the plane,nobody alive. 那架飞机遭遇了空难，无一人生还。
So many people absent, the meeting had to be called off. 这么多人缺席，会议不得不取消。 Computers very small, we can use them widely.
The four of us agreed on a division of labor, each to translate a quarter of the book.
我们四人同意分工干，每人翻译全书的四分之一。
Many trees, flowers, and grass to be planted, our newlybuilt school will look even more beautiful.
A. had been fulfilled B. were fulfilled C. having been fulfilled D. been fulfilled
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独立主格结构
一. 概念 二. 构成形式 三. 句法功能 四. 特点 五. 注意事项
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一、独立主格结构的概念
独立主格结构（Absolute Structure ）有 两部分组成，前一部份是名词或者代词，后 一部分是非谓语动词(不定式、动名词和分词) 或形容词、副词、或介词短语。前后两部分 具有逻辑主谓关系。独立主格结构在句中做 状语，多用于书面语。 独立主格结构本身不 是句子，在句子中作状语，表示时间、原因、 条件、伴随、目的等。
独立主格结构PPT课件
I to go to New York, he asked me not.（我 要去纽约，他却要我别去）
2、名词/代词 + doing It being fine, we decided to go for a picnic. There being no bus or taxi, we had to walk home. There being nothing else to do, we left. The problem having been settled, we ended our meeting. The clock having struck 12, I went to bed.
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我们一起来改一下这个句子： After his work had been finished, he went home. His work finished, he went home.
His work having been finished, he went home.
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3、名词/代词 + done His voice drowned by the noise, the speaker interrupted his lecture.
我看见深深的池塘里，水蓝蓝的像天空。
The condition (being) favorable, he may succeed. 条件有利的话，他可能成功。
Summer (being) over, students returned to school. 夏天过去了，学生回到了学校。
All the lights on, our classroom building looks even more beautiful.
2、名词/代词 + doing It being fine, we decided to go for a picnic. There being no bus or taxi, we had to walk home. There being nothing else to do, we left. The problem having been settled, we ended our meeting. The clock having struck 12, I went to bed.
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我们一起来改一下这个句子： After his work had been finished, he went home. His work finished, he went home.
His work having been finished, he went home.
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3、名词/代词 + done His voice drowned by the noise, the speaker interrupted his lecture.
我看见深深的池塘里，水蓝蓝的像天空。
The condition (being) favorable, he may succeed. 条件有利的话，他可能成功。
Summer (being) over, students returned to school. 夏天过去了，学生回到了学校。
All the lights on, our classroom building looks even more beautiful.
高中英语非谓语动词-独立主格课件(共27张PPT)
papa as her hero.
S（逻辑主语）doing having done 主动关系
S(逻辑主语) done having been done 被动关系
The lecture _______, a lively question-and-answer session followed.
ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้
A.being given
要求：可以使用连词，请将 句子合并为复合句。
☞ Because it rained yesterday, I stayed at home.
要求：不适用连词，将两个句子 合并为一个句子。
☞ It raining, I stayed at home.
比较三句：
☞ It rain so/and I stayed at home.
不定式在独立主格结构中多表示将来的行为，表示“企图” “约定”等，指的是按计划安排要做的事。
名词/主格代词+形容词
1）这么多人缺席，会议不得不取消。
So many people （being）absent, the meeting had to be called off.
2）那架飞机遭遇了空难，无一人生还。 An air accident happened to the plane, nobody
③ I can’t go out, with a lot of work to do. 我不能出去，因为有很多工作要做。（表示原因）
④ Don’t talk with your mouth full. 不要嘴里含着东 西谈话。（表示方式）
⑤ With the light off, we can’t see anything. 灯灭了，我们什么也看不见。（表示原因）
S（逻辑主语）doing having done 主动关系
S(逻辑主语) done having been done 被动关系
The lecture _______, a lively question-and-answer session followed.
ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้
A.being given
要求：可以使用连词，请将 句子合并为复合句。
☞ Because it rained yesterday, I stayed at home.
要求：不适用连词，将两个句子 合并为一个句子。
☞ It raining, I stayed at home.
比较三句：
☞ It rain so/and I stayed at home.
不定式在独立主格结构中多表示将来的行为，表示“企图” “约定”等，指的是按计划安排要做的事。
名词/主格代词+形容词
1）这么多人缺席，会议不得不取消。
So many people （being）absent, the meeting had to be called off.
2）那架飞机遭遇了空难，无一人生还。 An air accident happened to the plane, nobody
③ I can’t go out, with a lot of work to do. 我不能出去，因为有很多工作要做。（表示原因）
④ Don’t talk with your mouth full. 不要嘴里含着东 西谈话。（表示方式）
⑤ With the light off, we can’t see anything. 灯灭了，我们什么也看不见。（表示原因）
独立主格结构PPT课件
rested upon his left forearm.
O 2.The coward was backing ，his face being deathly
pale，toward another room． 那个胆小鬼向另一个房间退去，脸色煞白。
O The coward was backing toward another room ．His
名词/主格代词+形容词
An air accident happened to the plane, nobody alive. 那架飞机遭遇了空难，无一人生还。
名词/主格代词+副词
The meeting over, they all went home. 会议一结束，
他们就都回家了
名词/主格代词+介词短语
A. finishing
√B. finished
C. had finished NhomakorabeaD. were finished
解析：选B。此处考查独立主格结构。如选D项，their lessons前应 加连词，所以D项不对；又由于their lessons与finish之间为动宾 （被动）关系，所以A、C两项不对，选B属于独立主格结构。
Palace．做条件状语
4.There being no bus, I have to walk home.
做原因状语
Structure
名词/主格代词与现在分词之间是主谓关系
The girl staring at him (= As the girl stared at him), he didn’t know what to say. 姑娘两眼望着他，他不知道说 什么好。
The boy went to the classroom, book in hand. 那男孩手
O 2.The coward was backing ，his face being deathly
pale，toward another room． 那个胆小鬼向另一个房间退去，脸色煞白。
O The coward was backing toward another room ．His
名词/主格代词+形容词
An air accident happened to the plane, nobody alive. 那架飞机遭遇了空难，无一人生还。
名词/主格代词+副词
The meeting over, they all went home. 会议一结束，
他们就都回家了
名词/主格代词+介词短语
A. finishing
√B. finished
C. had finished NhomakorabeaD. were finished
解析：选B。此处考查独立主格结构。如选D项，their lessons前应 加连词，所以D项不对；又由于their lessons与finish之间为动宾 （被动）关系，所以A、C两项不对，选B属于独立主格结构。
Palace．做条件状语
4.There being no bus, I have to walk home.
做原因状语
Structure
名词/主格代词与现在分词之间是主谓关系
The girl staring at him (= As the girl stared at him), he didn’t know what to say. 姑娘两眼望着他，他不知道说 什么好。
The boy went to the classroom, book in hand. 那男孩手
《独立主格结构》课件
名词/代词+不定式
例如，He lay on the bed，to rest.
with引导的独立主格结构
with+名词/代词+形容词
例如，With the weather fine，we decided to go out.
பைடு நூலகம்
with+名词/代词+副词
例如，With the children away，they had a peaceful weekend.
《独立主格结构》 PPT课件
目录
CONTENTS
• 独立主格结构的定义 • 独立主格结构的类型 • 独立主格结构在句子中的作用 • 独立主格结构的构成 • 独立主格结构的用法举例 • 独立主格结构与其它结构的辨析
01 独立主格结构的定义
什么是独立主格结构
01
独立主格结构是一种语法结构， 它由一个主语和一个谓语组成， 但主语和谓语之间没有连接词。
总结词
副词性独立主格结构是由副词或副词短语构成的，主要在句中作状 语。
详细描述
例如，“The book written by him is mine.”，其中“written by him”就是一个副词性独立主格结构，表示“这本书是他写的”。
03 独立主格结构在句子中的 作用
补充说明
总结词
独立主格结构用于对句子的主句进行补充说明，提供更多的细节或背景信息。
件等。
总结词
名词性独立主格结构是由名词或 名词短语构成的，主要在句中作
状语。
详细描述
例如，“The book in the library is mine.”，其中“in the library”就是一个名词性独 立主格结构，表示“这本书在图
高中英语语法______独立主格结构课件
(Ⅰ) 名词/代词+分词(过去分词done & 现在分词doing)
当分词作状语时,其逻辑主语与句子的主 语不一致时,分词应有自己的逻辑主语, 构成分词的独立结构。一般位于句首,也 可放在句尾;作伴随状语时,常放在句首。 1T._h_is__p_ro_b__le_m__s_e_t_tl_e_d, they left the meeting – room. （问题解决了）（settle） 2T._im__e_p_e_r_m__it_t_in_g,we`ll go there on foot. (时间允许的话)(permit) 3.He was lying on the grass,(他的手交叉在头下) his h_a_n_d_s__cr_o_s_s_e_d_u__n_d_e_r_h_i_s_h_e_a_d_._(cross)
(ⅤI) with/without+名词／代词＋副词。
__ C
production up by 60%,
the company has had another excellent
year.
A. As B. For C. With D. Through
活学巧用
1.The square looks more
C 1. With a lot of difficult problems __
, the
newly-elected president is having a hard time.
A. settled B. settling
C. to settle D. being settled
2.因为有太多的作业要做，所以我们不能出去玩。
结构:
名词/代词 + 非谓语（doing & todo & done）
高三英语一轮语法复习独立主格公开课课件
2._S_e_e_n___(see) from the top of Kunlun tower, Kashigar looks very beautiful.
分析语态：找到非谓语动词的逻辑主语，并判断其和非谓语
动词的主___动__、被__动__关系。
(1) _K__i_s_s_e_d__(kiss) by Chen He, Li Chen was very sad. _K__is_s_i_n_g__(kiss) Li Chen, Chen He was very excited.
2. The boy __l_e_a_d_in__g___(lead) the way, we had no trouble finding
the hidden cave.
1. 独立主格： “独立主格结构”，就相当于一个带有自己主语的状语从句, 表原因、表条件、表方式、表伴随、表时间等，在句中通常起状语作用。
10. She walked along the path, her daughter _fo__ll_o_w_i_n_g__(follow) close behind.
summary
1. 概念： “独立主格结构”，就相当于一个带有自己主语的状语从句, 在句中通常
起状语作用。
2. 基本结构：
逻辑主语+ 非谓语动词，主语+谓语动词
2．There_b__e_in_g__ (be) no taxis, we had to walk.
3．The child _b_a_h_a__v_in_g_（behave）badly, the parents should take responsibility in this case. 4．It __b_e_in__g___ (be) Sunday, the street is very busy. 5. The boy __le__a_d_in__g___(lead) the way, we had no trouble finding the hidden cave.
独立主格结构48792ppt课件
独立主格结构有三种类型：
1. 逻辑主语+非谓语动词（不定式、现在分词、过去分词）
非谓语动词独立主格结构
2. 逻辑主语+(being)+表语(名词、形容词、副词、介词短语)
无动词独立主格结构
3. with/without + 复合宾语 （不定式、现在分词、过去
分词、形容词、副词、介词短语、
名词）
编辑版pppt
.
很多人来参观这个城市，其中大多数是外国人。
I received many Christmas gifts,
.
我收到so了me很o多f th圣em诞b礼oo物ks，其中一些是书籍。
2.逻辑主语+形容词
He turned to me, his eyes sleepy. 他睡眼惺忪地转向我。
（his eyes和sleepy之间省去编辑了版pppbt eing）
(4) 作 条件状语： More time given, we can finish the work. 如果给我们更多的时间，我们就能完成这项工作。
（相当于条件状语从句：If more time is given to us ...）
编辑版pppt
10
【综合比较三种非谓语动词独立主格结构】
1. 名词或代词+不定式 其中的不定式通常表示即将要发生的动作。
每个人都坐好后，老师开始上课。 (相当于时间状语从句: After everyone had sat down)
原因 (2) 作 状语：
The boy leading the way, we had no trouble getting out of the
forest. 由那个男孩带路，我们没有困难就走出了森林。
1. 逻辑主语+非谓语动词（不定式、现在分词、过去分词）
非谓语动词独立主格结构
2. 逻辑主语+(being)+表语(名词、形容词、副词、介词短语)
无动词独立主格结构
3. with/without + 复合宾语 （不定式、现在分词、过去
分词、形容词、副词、介词短语、
名词）
编辑版pppt
.
很多人来参观这个城市，其中大多数是外国人。
I received many Christmas gifts,
.
我收到so了me很o多f th圣em诞b礼oo物ks，其中一些是书籍。
2.逻辑主语+形容词
He turned to me, his eyes sleepy. 他睡眼惺忪地转向我。
（his eyes和sleepy之间省去编辑了版pppbt eing）
(4) 作 条件状语： More time given, we can finish the work. 如果给我们更多的时间，我们就能完成这项工作。
（相当于条件状语从句：If more time is given to us ...）
编辑版pppt
10
【综合比较三种非谓语动词独立主格结构】
1. 名词或代词+不定式 其中的不定式通常表示即将要发生的动作。
每个人都坐好后，老师开始上课。 (相当于时间状语从句: After everyone had sat down)
原因 (2) 作 状语：
The boy leading the way, we had no trouble getting out of the
forest. 由那个男孩带路，我们没有困难就走出了森林。
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② 名词/代词+副词 ☞ Nobody in, the thief took a lot of things away.
☞ Lunch over, he left the house. But he was thinking..
.
16
③ 名词/代词+现在分词
☞ Winter coming, it gets colder and colder. 冬天 来了，天气越来越冷了。
.
14
There being+名词： there being nothing else to do, we
went home
名词(代词)+不定式：She proposed a picnic, she
herself to pay the railway tickets, and Mary to provide
☞ It raining, I stayed at home.
.
4
比较三句：
☞ It rained so/and I stayed at home. ☞ Because it rained yesterday, I stayed at home. ☞ It raining, I stayed at home.
☞ The question being settled, we wound up the meeting. 问题解决之后，我们结束了会议。
☞ The rain having stopped, he went out for a walk. 雨停了，他出去散步。
.
④ 名词/代词+过去分词
the food.
名词(代词) +介词短语： the teacher entered the
classroom, book in hand
It being + 名词：It being Sunday, he didn’t go to
school.
.
15
① 名词/代词+形容词
☞ The men moved slowly forward, neck deep in the water, with their officers guiding them. ☞ It stood silent in the noon sunlight, its door open.
If the condition is favorable
.
9
③ 表示原因
☞ There being no taxis, we had to walk. 没有 出租车，我们只好步行。
Since there was no taxis, ☞ He wrapped her up with great care, the night being dark and frosty. 夜又黑 又冷，所以他把她 裹得严严实实的。
☞独立主格部分中作逻辑主语的名词或代词与其后面的
分词、形容词、副词、不定式形成逻辑主谓或动宾关系。
.
7
① 表示时间
☞ The meeting being over, all of us went home. 开完 会后我们都回家了。
the meeting being over 相当于 when the meeting was over
.
5
独立主格结构的概念：
☞ “独立主格结构”是由名词或代词作为逻辑主语，
加上分词、形容词、副词、动词不定式或介词短语
作为逻辑谓语构成。这种结构在形式上与主句没有
关系，通常称为“独立主格结构”。
.
6
独立主格结构的特点：
☞没有连接词，独立主格部分用“ ，”与主句分开。
☞两个句子分别有自己的主语和谓语，即独立主格结构 的逻辑主语与主句的主语不同。
☞ Her work done, she sat down for a cup of tea. 她干完了活，坐下来喝茶。
her work done 相当于 when her work was done
.
8
② 表示条件
☞ The condition being favorable, he may succeed. 若条件有利，他或许能成功。
when, while, neither…nor,
either…or, not…but, not only…but
also
.
3
要求：可以使用连词，请将句子合并为复合句。
☞ Because it rained yesterday, I stayed at home.
要求：不适用连词，将两个句子合并 为一个句子。
.
13
独立主格结构的构成：
☞ 名词(代词)+现在分词、过去分词：Weather permitting, we will have a picnic tomorrow
名词(代词)+形容词：the condition favorable 名词(代词)+副词：the meeting (being) over.... （上也有此句）
and silver is the best of .all.)
11
⑤ 表示补充说明
☞ We redoubled our efforts, each man working like two.
我们加倍努力，一个人干两个人的活。
.
12
独立主格结构功能说明：
独立主格结构表示时间、条件或原因时，相当于一个 状语从句，一般放在句首，表示原因时还可放在句末； 表伴随状况或补充说明时，相当于一个并列句，通常 放于句末。
Independent Nominative
独立主格结构
It rained.
I stayed at home.
.
2
怎样将两个句子合并？
要求：可以使用连词，请将句子合并成并列句。
☞ It rained so/and I stayed at home.
并列连词：and, or, but, so, for,
as the night was dark and frosty
.
10
④ 表示伴随情况 ☞ Almost all metals are good conductors,
silver being the best of all. 几乎所有的金属都 是良导体，而银则是最好的导体。
(=Almost all metals are good conductors,
☞ Lunch over, he left the house. But he was thinking..
.
16
③ 名词/代词+现在分词
☞ Winter coming, it gets colder and colder. 冬天 来了，天气越来越冷了。
.
14
There being+名词： there being nothing else to do, we
went home
名词(代词)+不定式：She proposed a picnic, she
herself to pay the railway tickets, and Mary to provide
☞ It raining, I stayed at home.
.
4
比较三句：
☞ It rained so/and I stayed at home. ☞ Because it rained yesterday, I stayed at home. ☞ It raining, I stayed at home.
☞ The question being settled, we wound up the meeting. 问题解决之后，我们结束了会议。
☞ The rain having stopped, he went out for a walk. 雨停了，他出去散步。
.
④ 名词/代词+过去分词
the food.
名词(代词) +介词短语： the teacher entered the
classroom, book in hand
It being + 名词：It being Sunday, he didn’t go to
school.
.
15
① 名词/代词+形容词
☞ The men moved slowly forward, neck deep in the water, with their officers guiding them. ☞ It stood silent in the noon sunlight, its door open.
If the condition is favorable
.
9
③ 表示原因
☞ There being no taxis, we had to walk. 没有 出租车，我们只好步行。
Since there was no taxis, ☞ He wrapped her up with great care, the night being dark and frosty. 夜又黑 又冷，所以他把她 裹得严严实实的。
☞独立主格部分中作逻辑主语的名词或代词与其后面的
分词、形容词、副词、不定式形成逻辑主谓或动宾关系。
.
7
① 表示时间
☞ The meeting being over, all of us went home. 开完 会后我们都回家了。
the meeting being over 相当于 when the meeting was over
.
5
独立主格结构的概念：
☞ “独立主格结构”是由名词或代词作为逻辑主语，
加上分词、形容词、副词、动词不定式或介词短语
作为逻辑谓语构成。这种结构在形式上与主句没有
关系，通常称为“独立主格结构”。
.
6
独立主格结构的特点：
☞没有连接词，独立主格部分用“ ，”与主句分开。
☞两个句子分别有自己的主语和谓语，即独立主格结构 的逻辑主语与主句的主语不同。
☞ Her work done, she sat down for a cup of tea. 她干完了活，坐下来喝茶。
her work done 相当于 when her work was done
.
8
② 表示条件
☞ The condition being favorable, he may succeed. 若条件有利，他或许能成功。
when, while, neither…nor,
either…or, not…but, not only…but
also
.
3
要求：可以使用连词，请将句子合并为复合句。
☞ Because it rained yesterday, I stayed at home.
要求：不适用连词，将两个句子合并 为一个句子。
.
13
独立主格结构的构成：
☞ 名词(代词)+现在分词、过去分词：Weather permitting, we will have a picnic tomorrow
名词(代词)+形容词：the condition favorable 名词(代词)+副词：the meeting (being) over.... （上也有此句）
and silver is the best of .all.)
11
⑤ 表示补充说明
☞ We redoubled our efforts, each man working like two.
我们加倍努力，一个人干两个人的活。
.
12
独立主格结构功能说明：
独立主格结构表示时间、条件或原因时，相当于一个 状语从句，一般放在句首，表示原因时还可放在句末； 表伴随状况或补充说明时，相当于一个并列句，通常 放于句末。
Independent Nominative
独立主格结构
It rained.
I stayed at home.
.
2
怎样将两个句子合并？
要求：可以使用连词，请将句子合并成并列句。
☞ It rained so/and I stayed at home.
并列连词：and, or, but, so, for,
as the night was dark and frosty
.
10
④ 表示伴随情况 ☞ Almost all metals are good conductors,
silver being the best of all. 几乎所有的金属都 是良导体，而银则是最好的导体。
(=Almost all metals are good conductors,