独立主格结构PPT课件
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I to go to New York, he asked me not.（我 要去纽约，他却要我别去）
2、名词/代词 + doing It being fine, we decided to go for a picnic. There being no bus or taxi, we had to walk home. There being nothing else to do, we left. The problem having been settled, we ended our meeting. The clock having struck 12, I went to bed.
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11
我们一起来改一下这个句子： After his work had been finished, he went home. His work finished, he went home.
His work having been finished, he went home.
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12
3、名词/代词 + done His voice drowned by the noise, the speaker interrupted his lecture.
我看见深深的池塘里，水蓝蓝的像天空。
The condition (being) favorable, he may succeed. 条件有利的话，他可能成功。
Summer (being) over, students returned to school. 夏天过去了，学生回到了学校。
All the lights on, our classroom building looks even more beautiful.
Her wallet stolen, she had no money to buy even a bus ticket. 因为钱包被偷了，她甚至连买车票的钱也没有了。
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13
4、名词/代词+adj. / adv. I saw deep pools, the water blue like the sky.
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2
①句就是用分词形式改的，②句则是改成了复合句， 但是，如果这个句子是这样的，我们怎么改呢？
My homework is finished. I will go out. 同样是改成一个句子，可是我们很容易发现，这 两个句子的主语是不同的，这样的句子我们这么改：
虽M然y头h一om次e看w上o去rk好b像ei有ng点f别in扭is，he实d际, I上w这il样l g的o句o子ut在. 书
独立主格结构
平时的两个简单句，若要将它们改成一个句子，除 了将它们改成从句以外，很简单的就是改成分词形 式，比如
I finish my homework. I will go out.(改成一个句 子)
①After finishing my homework, I will go out. ②After I finish my homework, I will go out.
5、名词/代词 + 介词短语 He came into the classroom, book in hand.
The men ran out of the burning house, many of them with their clothes on fire.
（总统被谋杀了，举国上下沉浸在悲哀之中。）
-
4
一、独立主格结构含义
独立主格结构，又叫独立结构
（absolute construction）。它在句法上
游离于句子主体之外，跟主句没有任何
句法联系；但在意义上却与主句紧密联
系在一起，共同构成一个完整的语义环
境。独立主格结构没有主语和谓语，只
有逻辑上的主语，因此，它在句法上不
-
10
在独立主格结构中，如果强调分词的 时间发生在主句动词之前，常用现在 分词完成时态表示。
The snow having stopped, she went out to the zoo.
The clock having struck 12, I went to bed.
The problem having been settled, we ended our meeting.
面报告，尤其是描述性语言中，在口语和非正式文体中， 一般用从句或两个句子来代替。
-
3
_T_h_e_p_r_e_s_i_d_e_n_t _a_s_s_a_s_s_in_a_t_e_d__, the whole country was in deep sorrow.
= After the president was assassinated, the whole country was in deep sorrow.
是句子，而是一个独立于句子成分之外
的独特结构形式。独立主格结构可置于
句首、句尾，用逗号与主句隔开。
-
5
二、独立主格结构的形式
独立主格结构可分为两部分，一部分是名词或 代词（主格），起着逻辑主语的作用；另一部 分由形容词、副词、名词、分词、不定式、介 词短语等构成，表示前面名词或代
Walking along the road, an accident happened.
Listening to the radio, there was a knock at the door.
Walking along the road, I saw an accident.
Listening to the radio, I heard a knock at the door.
-
7
（一） 独立主格结构的特点：
1）独立主格结构的逻辑主语与句子的主语不 同，它独立存在。
2）名词或代词与后面的分词，形容词，副词， 不定 式，介词等是主谓关系。
3）独立主格结构一般有逗号与主句分开。
4)在句中作状语，并对主句进行补充说明。
5)它有自己逻辑上的主语，表达相对独立的 意思
-
8
1、名词/代词 + to do We divide the work, he to clean windows and I to sweep the floor.
2、名词/代词 + doing It being fine, we decided to go for a picnic. There being no bus or taxi, we had to walk home. There being nothing else to do, we left. The problem having been settled, we ended our meeting. The clock having struck 12, I went to bed.
-
11
我们一起来改一下这个句子： After his work had been finished, he went home. His work finished, he went home.
His work having been finished, he went home.
-
12
3、名词/代词 + done His voice drowned by the noise, the speaker interrupted his lecture.
我看见深深的池塘里，水蓝蓝的像天空。
The condition (being) favorable, he may succeed. 条件有利的话，他可能成功。
Summer (being) over, students returned to school. 夏天过去了，学生回到了学校。
All the lights on, our classroom building looks even more beautiful.
Her wallet stolen, she had no money to buy even a bus ticket. 因为钱包被偷了，她甚至连买车票的钱也没有了。
-
13
4、名词/代词+adj. / adv. I saw deep pools, the water blue like the sky.
-
2
①句就是用分词形式改的，②句则是改成了复合句， 但是，如果这个句子是这样的，我们怎么改呢？
My homework is finished. I will go out. 同样是改成一个句子，可是我们很容易发现，这 两个句子的主语是不同的，这样的句子我们这么改：
虽M然y头h一om次e看w上o去rk好b像ei有ng点f别in扭is，he实d际, I上w这il样l g的o句o子ut在. 书
独立主格结构
平时的两个简单句，若要将它们改成一个句子，除 了将它们改成从句以外，很简单的就是改成分词形 式，比如
I finish my homework. I will go out.(改成一个句 子)
①After finishing my homework, I will go out. ②After I finish my homework, I will go out.
5、名词/代词 + 介词短语 He came into the classroom, book in hand.
The men ran out of the burning house, many of them with their clothes on fire.
（总统被谋杀了，举国上下沉浸在悲哀之中。）
-
4
一、独立主格结构含义
独立主格结构，又叫独立结构
（absolute construction）。它在句法上
游离于句子主体之外，跟主句没有任何
句法联系；但在意义上却与主句紧密联
系在一起，共同构成一个完整的语义环
境。独立主格结构没有主语和谓语，只
有逻辑上的主语，因此，它在句法上不
-
10
在独立主格结构中，如果强调分词的 时间发生在主句动词之前，常用现在 分词完成时态表示。
The snow having stopped, she went out to the zoo.
The clock having struck 12, I went to bed.
The problem having been settled, we ended our meeting.
面报告，尤其是描述性语言中，在口语和非正式文体中， 一般用从句或两个句子来代替。
-
3
_T_h_e_p_r_e_s_i_d_e_n_t _a_s_s_a_s_s_in_a_t_e_d__, the whole country was in deep sorrow.
= After the president was assassinated, the whole country was in deep sorrow.
是句子，而是一个独立于句子成分之外
的独特结构形式。独立主格结构可置于
句首、句尾，用逗号与主句隔开。
-
5
二、独立主格结构的形式
独立主格结构可分为两部分，一部分是名词或 代词（主格），起着逻辑主语的作用；另一部 分由形容词、副词、名词、分词、不定式、介 词短语等构成，表示前面名词或代
Walking along the road, an accident happened.
Listening to the radio, there was a knock at the door.
Walking along the road, I saw an accident.
Listening to the radio, I heard a knock at the door.
-
7
（一） 独立主格结构的特点：
1）独立主格结构的逻辑主语与句子的主语不 同，它独立存在。
2）名词或代词与后面的分词，形容词，副词， 不定 式，介词等是主谓关系。
3）独立主格结构一般有逗号与主句分开。
4)在句中作状语，并对主句进行补充说明。
5)它有自己逻辑上的主语，表达相对独立的 意思
-
8
1、名词/代词 + to do We divide the work, he to clean windows and I to sweep the floor.