2017考研英语翻译真题精析(16)

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考研英语翻译17年真题中的常考词组及参考释义

be determined by…由…所决定have something to do with…与…有关系be central to sth. 对…来说是重要的in contrast 相反due to…由…所引起be deprived of…剥夺某人的…1991shut off 关上，停止in any case 不管怎样or so 左右at the rate of…以…的速度take time 费时间，需要时间be likely to…可能result in 导致，出现not nearly 远非，远不如head into 走向…，本句中译为“陷入”更好些in the matter of…关于，就…而言make...possible 使...成为可能combine...with...把...和...结合起来，与...结合，加上 (1992)refer to…提到，谈到agreement on…。

对…（看法）一致be comparable to…和…相似，（注意与with搭配）in terms of…从…方面on the whole 大体来说，总的来说draw a conclusion 得出结论，告一段落have the attitude towards…对…的态度1993nothing but …只不过of course 当然，自然by means of…通过…by the help of…在…的帮助下in a sort of sense 从…上来说manage to do sth. 设法（试图）得到…extract …from…从…中提炼出（归纳出）…out of…起源，来源build up 建立by no means 无法，没办法be compared with…与…比较a sort of…某种set in 到来，开始differ in…在…上不同go through 经历1994not so much…as…可以理解为“……不如……那么多”，引申为“与其说是……不如说是……”because of “因为”in short “总之，简言之”as we call it “我们所谓的”a series of “一系列”over the years “多年来，这些年来”turn…on…词典解释为“开启，变得兴奋，突然装出，开始”，但题中turn……telescope on the heaven可译为“把……望远镜对准太空”rather than “与其……不如……”或“不是……而是……”，在此应理解为“而不是……”at the expense of “由……付费；以……为代价”vice versa 拉丁语“反之亦然”depend on “依赖，依靠，取决于”the driving force “驱动力”1995in doing sth. “在做……的过程中”divert…from…“把……从……转移开来”lie with…“取决于”be validated by…“被……所证实”whether…or…“是做……还是做……”，句中可译为“是使用……还是使用……”depend upon…and on…“取决于……同时还取决于……”depend upon…and upon…“取决于……同时还取决于……”such…as…“诸如……这样的……”in general “通常，大体上，一般来说”for example “例如”compensate for “补偿，赔偿，弥补”grow up “长大”under…circumstances. “在……情况下”（under no circumstances 无论如何，决不）1996be results of…“是……的结果；由于……的原因”social needs “社会需求”to some extent “在某种程度上”come to the conclusion “得出了这样的结论”make demand of…“提出要求”scientific establishment “科研机构”in detail 详细地a certain amount of “一定数量的”not related to…“与……没有关系”immediate goals “直接目标”be unable to do…“没有能力去做……”in principle “原则上，基本上，大体上，在理论上”deal with “解决，处理”new forms of thought “新的思维方式”as well as “和，也，又”new subjects for thought “新的思维对象（或内容）”in the past “过去”give rise to sth. “引起，导致”1997an agreed account of…“关于……的共识”human rights “人权”leads ……to…“导致……走向……”“将……引向……”at the outset “开始，开端”invite sb. to do sth. “使某人去做某事”- 1 -extend to 通常表示“伸出，延伸，扩展”；有时表示“提供、给予”，在此为第二种解释no…at all. “完全不，完全没有”Arguing from the view that…同“arguing that……”（大约是“认为是”的意思）different from……“与……不相同”in every relevant respect “在每一个相关的方面”in action “在起作用”rather than “而不是”1998even more important 更为重要的是……be able to 能够……look into 观察，调查，向……的里面看，窥视，浏览put forward 提出be required for sb. to do sth. 向某人提出做某事的要求close in on…观测，研究本文应译为“靠近，接近”as expected 同预计的一样1999as…as………和……一样conform to 与……一致，与……相符合，遵照，遵守see…as 把……看作……less…and more…与其说是因为……，不如说是因为……whether…or…是……还是……refer to 指，谈到，涉及peculiar to………所特有的in genera 一般的appropriate to………所适用的，……所适合的apply to 适用于，应用于，作用于，存在于（本文取此义）view...as...把......看作是......，认为......就是......equate...with...。

2017年英语二翻译答案解析

2017年英语二翻译答案解析1、Mrs. Black is on her way to England. She will _______ in London on Sunday afternoon. [单选题] *A. reachB. attendC. arrive(正确答案)D. get2、The language school started a new（）to help young learners with reading and writing. [单选题] *A. course(正确答案)B. designC. eventD. progress3、I should like to rent a house which is modern, comfortable and _____, in a quiet neighborhood. [单选题] *A.in allB. after allC. above all(正确答案)D. over all4、He spoke too fast, and we cannot follow him. [单选题] *A. 追赶B. 听懂(正确答案)C. 抓住D. 模仿5、9．There will be a lot of activities at English Festival nest month. Which one would you like to ________? [单选题] *A．take part in (正确答案)B．joinC．attendD．go6、I gave John a present but he gave me nothing_____. [单选题] *A.in advanceB.in vainC.in return(正确答案)D.in turn7、Sitting at the back of the room（）a very shy girl with two bright eyes. [单选题] *A. is(正确答案)B. areC. hasD. there was8、26．There’s some fruit in the kitchen. We ________ buy any. [单选题] *A．need toB．needn’t toC．don’t needD．don’t need to(正确答案)9、--How is your friend coming?--I’m not sure. He _______ drive here. [单选题] *A. may(正确答案)B. canC. mustD. will10、My mother’s birthday is coming. I want to buy a new shirt ______ her.（）[单选题] *A. atB. for(正确答案)C. toD. with11、Look! There are some boats ______ the river.（）[单选题] *A. on(正确答案)B. overC. betweenD. in12、I don’t like playing chess. It is _______. [单选题] *A. interestingB. interestedC. boring(正确答案)D. bored13、78．—Welcome to China. I hope you'll enjoy the ________.—Thank you. [单选题] * A．tour(正确答案)B．sizeC．nameD．colour14、The office building will be _______ a library. [单选题] *A. turned onB. turned upC. turned into(正确答案)D. turned off15、—Why do you look so ______?—Our team won the basketball match!（）[单选题] *A. angryB. excited(正确答案)C. nervousD. unfair16、It’s so nice to hear from her again. ______, we last met more than thirty year ago [单选题] *A. What ‘s wordB. That’s to sayC. Go aheadD. Believe it or not(正确答案)17、--Henry treats his secretary badly.--Yes. He seems to think that she is the _______ important person in the office. [单选题] *A. littleB. least(正确答案)C. lessD. most18、The early Americans wanted the King to respect their rights. [单选题] *A. 统治B. 满足C. 尊重(正确答案)D. 知道19、Jack can speak Japanese, and his brother can _______ speak Japanese. [单选题] *A. tooB. also(正确答案)C. eitherD. as well20、Jim is a(n) _______. He is very careful and likes to work with numbers. [单选题] *A. secretaryB. tour guideC. accountant(正确答案)D. English teacher21、( ) You had your birthday party the other day,_________ [单选题] *A. hadn't you?B. had you?C. did you?D. didn't you?(正确答案)22、I’m not sure whether we’ll go on ______ foot or by _____ bike? [单选题] *A. the; theB. /; theC. /; /(正确答案)D. the; /23、If the manager had to choose between the two, he would say John was _____ choice. [单选题] *A. goodB. the bestC. betterD. the better(正确答案)24、15．The restaurant ________ many complaints because of the terrible service since last month. [单选题] *A．receivesB．is receivingC．has received(正确答案)D．will receive25、Last year Polly _______ an English club and has improved her English a lot. [单选题] *A. leftB. sawC. joined(正确答案)D. heard26、You can't see many _____ in a hospital. [单选题] *A. man nurseB. men nurses(正确答案)C. men nurseD. man nurses27、I didn't hear _____ because there was too much noise where I was sitting. [单选题] *A. what did he sayB. what he had said(正确答案)C. what he was sayingD. what to say28、The beautiful radio _______ me 30 dollars. [单选题] *A. spentB. paidC. cost(正确答案)D. took29、In crowded places like airports and railway stations, you___ take care of your luggage. [单选题] *A. canB. mayC. must(正确答案)D. will30、The manager isn’t in at the moment. May I _______ a message? [单选题] *A. take(正确答案)B. makeC. haveD. keep。

考研英语翻译真题及答案

考研英语翻译真题及答案2017考研英语翻译真题及答案还有三天2017年研究生考试就要开始啦，为帮助大家更好复习，yjbys店铺为大家分享考研英语历年翻译真题及答案如下：46 We don’t have to learn how to be mentally healthy; it is built into us in the same way that our bodies know how to heal a cut or mend a broken bone.【难点分析】分号连接的两个并列句，翻译时注意语序，避免生搬硬套。

“mental”为高中词汇，短语“ be built into”译为“被内置为”【参考译文】我们无需刻意去学习怎样保持心理健康，它正如我们的身体知道怎样让伤口愈合和修复骨折一样，是内置于我们体内的。

47 Our mental health doesn’t really go anywhere; like the sun behind a cloud, it can be temporarily hidden from view, but it is fully capable of being restored in an instant.【难点分析】短语"be hidden from "和"be capable of" 都是被动语态，“被藏起来，被赋予能力”，高中短语“in an instant”为“立刻、马上”的意思。

【参考译文】我们的心理健康并不是真的消失不见，就像云朵背后的太阳，它也许暂时被遮挡，但是它也可以在瞬间重焕光芒。

48 Mental health allows us to view others with sympathy if they are having troubles, with kindness if they are in pain, and with unconditional love no matter who they are.【难点分析】高中短语“allow to ”为“允许”的意思，“sympathy”译为“同情、怜悯”，“if”引导条件状语从句，“no matter who”引导让步状语从句。

2017考研英语阅读真题逐句拆分解析(16)

凯程考研集训营，为学生引路，为学员服务！第 1 页共 1 页 2017考研英语阅读真题逐句拆分解析（16）提升阅读和翻译能力要打好基础，要做到这一点，一定要学会精读，以历年真题为依托，仔细研究每个句子，日积月累，坚持百日，相信会有很大的提升。

下面凯程在线带大家来逐句拆分解读历年阅读真题，从成分到词汇及这你翻译，帮助大家打好基础，提升综合能力，大家抓紧学起来。

( 2005年真题Section Ⅱ Reading Comprehension Part A Text 2第2段第5句) But science does provide us with the best available guide to the future, and it is critical 连词1 主语1 谓语宾语连词2 形式主语系动词表语that our nation and the world base important policies on the best judgments that science can provide主语从句定语从句concerning the future consequences of present actions.”后置定语译文：但科学确实为我们的未来提供了可实现的最好指导。

我们的国家乃至整个世界应当以科学能够提供的关于我们现在的行为会如何影响未来的最佳判断为前提，制定各项重大政策，这一点很重要。

分析：本句由两个并列句构成，第一个分句中需要注意的是固定结构provide sb. with sth.，表示“给某人提供某物”。

全句难点在于第二个分句，分句中it 作形式主语，后面由that 引导的从句our nation and the world …是句子的真正主语。

该主语从句中的介词短语on the best judgments 是从句的状语。

Judgments 后是由that 引导的定语从句，现在分词短语concerning the future consequences …是后置定语，与定语从句共同修饰先行词judgments 。

2017考研英语真题翻译

2017考研英语真题翻译翻译原文：原文：Governments, irrespective of their political orientation, have embraced globalization as an inevitable, irreversible and irresistible force. Decisions that shape the future of globalization and our collective global destinies are constantly being made by individuals, organizations and governments.译文：不论政治取向如何，各国政府都将全球化视为不可避免、不可逆转和不可抗拒的力量。

决定全球化的未来和我们共同的全球命运的决策正不断地由个人、组织和政府做出。

原文：With increased scale and speed of flows of goods, services, capital and knowledge, significant changes have taken place in the global economy in the past thirty years. Countries have grown closer economically, and international interactions have intensified. However, globalization has had both positive and negative impacts on people’s lives and societies.译文：在过去的30年里，随着物品、服务、资本和知识流动的规模和速度的增加，全球经济发生了重大变化。

各国在经济上变得更加密切，国际互动变得更加密集。

考研英语一翻译真题解析

2017考研英语一翻译真题解析跨考教育英语教研室—王坤2017年考研英语一的翻译题型部分;整体来说难度不大;与2016年难度基本持平;考察的是英语语言发展情况;文章选自英国文化教育协会的一本书;叫英语下一步..英语一的考题是此书的序言部分..下面就是跨考英语教研室的英语老师对2017年考研英语一翻译真题的最新解析和参考译文..46But even as the number of English speakers expands further there are signs that the global predominance of the language may fade within the foreseeable future.参考译文：但是;尽管使用英语者的人数在不断增加/说英语的人越来越多;却仍然有迹象表明;英语语言的全球主导地位在不久的将来/可预见的未来也许会慢慢衰退..句子解析：本句很简单;主句是there be 结构;主句前是让步状语;signs后面是that引导的同位语从句;对signs进行进一步的补充说明..同位语从句中是主谓结构;the global predominance of the language 是主语;may fade 是谓语;within结构是时间状语..expands的词义不应该选择常用的“扩展”意思;而应该结合前面和它搭配的number;而选择“增加”的意思..47His analysis should therefore end any self-contentedness among those who may believe that the global position of English is so stable that the young generation of the United Kingdom do not need additional language capabilities.参考译文：因此;大卫格兰多的分析可能会终结某些人的自满态度;这些人认为;英语在全世界的地位十分稳固;英国的年轻一代人根本不需要学习其他的语言..句子解析：此句为复合句;who之前是主句;结构是主谓宾;His analysis是主语;he指代的是前面的大卫;end是核心谓语动词;any self-contentedness是宾语;among those是状语;who引导定语从句修饰those;定语从句中who做主语;believe是谓语;that引导宾语从句做believe的宾语;宾语从句中global position of English是主语;后面是系表结构;that引导结果状语从句;结果状从中是主谓宾结构..词汇部分;self-contentedness可能是难点;意思是“自满;自大”;因为contend是满意的意思;additional在考研英语翻译中常用的译法是“新的;另外的”;此处翻译可采用词性转换..还有who引导的定语从句的处理方法;可以重复先行词“那些人”;采用后置法..48many countries are introducing English into the primary-school curriculum but British schoolchildren and students do not appear to be gaining greater encouragement to achieve fluency in other languages.参考译文：很多国家正在把英语列入小学课程范围;但是英国的中小学生似乎并没有受到更多的鼓励去流利地掌握其他语言..句子解析：此句是but连接的并列复合句;前半句是主谓宾加状语的结构;很简单;后半句也是主谓宾结构;British schoolchildren and students是主语;do not appear to be gaining是复合谓语;greater encouragement是宾语;to achieve fluency in other languages是不定式短语做encouragement的后置定语..Curriculum是课程的意思;fluency是流利;流畅的意思..49The changes identified by David Graddol all present clear and major challenges to UK`s providers of English language teaching to people of other countries and to broader education business sectors.参考译文：大卫.格兰多指出的这些变化给英国的英语教学工作者提出了明确的和巨大的挑战;这些英语教学工作是面向其他国家的人和更为广泛的商业教育机构的..句子解析：此句是简单句;修饰成分较多;稍有些复杂;The changes是主语;identified by David Graddol是过去分词短语做后置定语修饰changes;identified可以理解为“发现;指出”; present是谓语动词; 是“体现;表现”的意思;clear and major challenges是宾语;to UK`s providers of English language teaching是介词短语做后置定语修饰challenges;providers 本意是供应商;此处可以理解为“英语教学工作者”;to people of other countries and to broader education business sectors.是后置定语修饰English language teaching..50．It gives a basis to all organizations which seek to promote the learning and use of English; a basis for planning to meet the possibilities of what could be a very different operating environment.参考译文：这一研究为所有试图促进英语学习和使用的机构提供了一个依据;这一依据是为了满足可能会出现不同操作情况/运行环境的可能性的..句子解析：主句是主谓宾加状语结构;it是代词指代;指代前文的study;basis 应该理解为“依据”;which引导定语从句修饰organizations;翻译时可以采用前置法;定语从句中which做主语;seek to promote是谓语动词;the learningand use of English是宾语;a basis是前面主句宾语basis的同位语;for planning to meet the possibilities介词短语做后置定语修饰basis;of what could be a very different operating environment介词短语做后置定语修饰possibilities..今年的翻译难度不大;没有特别生僻的单词和句子;只要考生们的基本功扎实;平时多加练习;相信都可以考出理想的分数..。

2017年考研英语翻译题及答案：强调类

2017年考研英语翻译题及答案：强调类考研网为大家提供2017年考研英语翻译题及答案：强调类，更多考研英语复习资料及复习方法请关注我们网站的更新!2017年考研英语翻译题及答案：强调类1. 正是这场沙尘暴(dust storm)的后果才使人们充分认识到植树的重要性(It…)It was the result of the dust storm that made people fully realize the importance of planting trees.2. 直到20 世纪后期，中国运动员才以他们在奥运会上的杰出表现让世界对他们刮目相看.(begin to surprise the world)It was not until the late twentieth century that Chinese athletes began to surprise the world with their excellent performances at the Olympics.3. 我做梦也没有想到会在这次化学竞赛中获一等奖。

( Little…)Little did I dream of winning the first prize in the chemistry contest this time.4. 我们只有从这件事中吸取教训才能避免再犯类似的错误。

( Only…)Only by learning from this matter can we avoid making similar mistakes again.5 . 从来没有一个国家能在这样短的时间内取得这样大的进步( Never…)Never has any country made such great progress in such a short time.6. 一个人不经历失败几乎体会不到成功的喜悦。

2017年考研真题翻译

2017年考研真题翻译2017年考研英语真题已于近日发布，其中的翻译题一直是考生们备考的重点。

本文将对2017年考研英语翻译题进行解析，帮助考生们更好地应对翻译题的挑战。

首先，让我们来看一下2017年考研英语真题的翻译部分：Directions: Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written clearly on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)1. The rise of the Tea Party, Occupy Wall Street, the Bernie Sanders insurgency, and the raucous rallies of Donald Trump are the most obvious indication of a revolt against the political establishment. But these are not the only expressions of dissatisfaction with how the country is being governed. The more fundamental rebellion is taking place in primary elections all over the country.（2017年考研英语真题翻译）2. Large portions of the population are searching for something different, something much better, than being governed by a self-perpetuating managerial elite that is both unelected and largely unaccountable.（2017年考研英语真题翻译）3. While this may be a new challenge for the political parties, it is not exactly a new phenomenon. Similar moments of disruptive electoral rebellion have occurred about once every third generation in American history, fundamentally reshaping the party system.（2017年考研英语真题翻译）根据以上的翻译题，我们可以采用以下的格式来解答：1.对于第一句话，我们可以将其翻译为："茶党崛起、占领华尔街、伯尼·桑德斯的反抗以及唐纳德·特朗普的喧闹集会是对政治体制的公然叛逆的明显信号。

考研英语历年真题例句详解含译文翻译cordial

考研英语历年真题例句详解含译文翻译1. cordial['kɔ:djəl]a. 诚恳的，亲切的，热诚的[同义词]Sincere2. accord [ə'kɔ:d]vt. 授予，赠与，给予（欢迎、称颂等）vi./n. 一致，符合【同义词】award3. accordance[ə'kɔ:dəns]n. 一致，和谐，符合4. accordingly[ə'kɔ:diŋli]ad. 因此，从而；相应地，照着办，按照；于是，5. according to[ə'kɔ:diŋtu]prep. 据/照…（所说、所写）；按照…，视…【真题例句】According to the theory, the universe burst into being as a submicroscopic, unimaginably dense knot of pure energy that flew outward in all directions, emitting radiation as it went, condensing into particles and then into atoms of gas.（1998考研英语翻译）参考译文：按照这一理论，宇宙形成于一团亚微观的、密度相当大的纯能量团，它在向四面八方发散的过程中放出辐射线,浓缩成粒子，然后形成气体原子。

6. record [ri'kɔ:d, 'rekɔ:d]n.记录；最高记录；履历；唱片v. 记录；录音【同义词】disk file【真题例句】Other standardized tests, such as the Scholastic Assessment Test (SAT) and the Graduate Record Exam (GRE), capture the main aspects of IQ tests.（2007阅读2）参考译文:其他标准化测试，如学术评估测验（SAT）和研究生人学考试（GRE），都充分体现了IQ测试的主要特点。

考研英语翻译真题及答案

2017年考研英语翻译真题及答案2017年考研英语翻译真题及答案(46) This movement，driven by powerful and diverse motivations， built a nation out of a wilderness and， by its nature， shaped the character and destiny of an uncharted continent.本题考查的知识点是：过去分词短语作状语，固定搭配本句需要重点掌握的短语有，driven by 在的驱使下，by its nature 从本质上以及shape这个词的翻译，本句中，shape和character and destiny连用，翻译成，塑造特征，决定命运。

参考翻译：在各种强大动机的驱使下，这场迁移从荒野中造就了一个民族，并就其本质而言，塑造了一片全新大陆的特点，决定了他的命运。

(47) The United States is the product of two principal forces-the immigration of European peoples with their varied ideas， customs， and national characteristics and the impact of a new country which modified these traits.本题考查的知识点是：同位语、介词结构、后置定语、定语从句principle做形容词，意为主要的， national characteristics 意为民族特色，特点，modify意为修改，改变，force，意为力量。

多次考察了of和with引导的后置定语的翻译，前三小句为并列结构表原因，第四小句为句子主干。

两个同位语，the immigration of及 the impact of解释说明two principle forces，应译为.的迁入，..的影响。

2017年考研英语一翻译真题及答案解析

‎‎‎‎2017年‎考研英语一‎翻译真题及‎答案解析‎考研英语真‎题考研数‎学真题‎政治真题‎专业课真‎题英语一‎真题英语‎二真题数‎学一真题‎数学二真题‎数学三真‎题数农真‎题考研英‎语答案考‎研数学答案‎政治答‎案专业‎课答案英‎语一答案‎英语二答案‎数学一答‎案数学二‎答案数学‎三答案数‎农答案‎2017年‎考研英语考‎试已经结束‎!出国留学‎考研网在考‎后第一时间‎为大家提供‎2017年‎考研英语一‎翻译真题及‎答案解析，‎更多考研资‎讯请关注我‎们网站的更‎新! 20‎17年考研‎英语一翻译‎真题及答案‎解析英语‎1文章明显‎偏学术，今‎年考察英语‎语言发展情‎况，文章选‎的英国文化‎教育协会，‎是雅思出题‎组织者。

它‎的主席叫大‎卫格兰多的‎一本书，叫‎《英语下一‎步》，他讲‎到整本书意‎思是英语将‎走向何处。

‎‎很有意思的‎是主席曾经‎这本书里说‎到了中文将‎以后成为世‎界语言。

英‎语1考题作‎为序言部分‎作为考题。

‎‎今年英语1‎总体难度和‎去年相比，‎刚刚过去2‎017年考‎研题稳中有‎一点点上升‎，没有任何‎难句出现，‎只是长句。

‎我认为稳中‎上升。

‎第一‎句话有一个‎单词难一点‎，(英文)‎，英语全球‎性主导地位‎。

翻译里没‎有考过。

(‎英文)主导‎地位考过，‎但是是阅读‎里经常出现‎，翻译都是‎可以的。

这‎句话基本意‎思说到了，‎说英语的人‎进一步扩大‎，这是一个‎(英文)状‎语从句。

后‎面跟着有迹‎象表明，是‎主句，表明‎的迹象是什‎么呢?从句‎，英语全球‎性主导地位‎在可预见地‎位将减弱。

‎‎f ade(‎英文)略微‎有难度。

我‎对考研阅读‎没有那么熟‎，但是20‎17年出现‎过。

如果按‎照新东方老‎师关注的精‎读方法来学‎习有很好的‎效果。

‎第二‎句话讲到了‎大卫这个人‎分析，会终‎结一些人的‎(英文)，‎他们或许会‎认为英语全‎球性地位是‎如此稳定。

‎他们有一次‎词，是(英‎语)如此稳‎定，英国年‎轻一代不需‎要额外学习‎其他的语言‎能力。

2017年考研英语一翻译真题（已公布）

Directions: Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written neatly on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points) The growth of the use of English as the world`s primary language for international communication has obviously been continuing for several decades. (46)But even as the number of English speakers expands further there are signs that the global predominance of the language may fade within the foreseeable future. Complex international, economic, technological and culture change could start to diminish the leading position of English as the language of the world market, and UK interests which enjoy advantage from the breath of English usage would consequently face new pressures. Those realistic possibilities are highlighted in the study presented by David Graddol (47)His analysis should therefore end any self-contentedness among those who may believe that the global position of English is so stable that the young generation of the United Kingdom do not need additional language capabilities. David Graddol concludes that monoglot English graduates face a bleak economic future as qualified multilingual youngsters from other countries are proving to have a competitive advantage over their British counterparts in global companies and organizations. Alongside that,(48)many countries are introducing English into the primary-school curriculum but British schoolchildren and students do not appear to be gaining greater encouragement to achieve fluency in other languages. If left to themselves, such trends will diminish the relative strength of the English language in international education markets as the demand for educational resources in languages, such as Spanish ,Arabic or Mandarin grows and international business process outsourcing in other language such as Japanese, French and German, spreads. (49)The changes identified by David Graddol all present clear and major challenges to UK`s providers of English language teaching to people of other countries and to broader education business sectors.The English language teaching sector directly earns nearly &1.3 billion for the UK in invisible exports and our other education related explores earn up to &10 billion a year more. As the international education market expands, the recent slowdown in the number of international students studying in the main English-speaking countries is likely to continue, especially if there are no effective strategic policies to prevent such slippage. The anticipation of possible shifts in demand provided by this study is significant:(50)It gives a basis to all organization which seek to promote the learning and very different operating environment.That is a necessary and practical approach. In this as in much else, those who wish to influence the future must prepare for it.。

2017年考研英语二真题全文翻译解析（华明网校版）

2017年考研英语二真题全文翻译解析（华明网校版）2017年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语（二）真题Section I Use of EnglishSection I Use of EnglishDirections：Read the following text. Choose the best word (s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET.(10 points)People have speculated for centuries about a future without work. Today is no different，with academics，writers，and activists once again 1 that technology is replacing human workers. Some imagine that the coming work-free world will be defined by 2 . A few wealthy people will own all the capital，and the masses will struggle in an impoverished wasteland.A different and not mutually exclusive 3 holds that the future will be a wasteland of a different sort，one 4 by purposelessness：Without jobs to give their lives 5 ，people will simply become lazy and depressed. 6 today’s unemployed don’t seem to be having a great time. One Gallup poll found that 20 percent of Americans who have been unemployed for at least a year report having depression，double the rate for 7 Americans. Also，some research suggests that the 8 for rising rates of mortality，mental-health problems，and addicting9 poorly-educated middle-aged people is shortage of well-paid jobs. Perhaps this is why many 10 the agonizing dullness of a jobless future.But it doesn’t 11 follow from findings like these that a world without work would be filled with unease. Such visions are based on the 12 of being unemployed in a society built on the concept of employment. In the 13 of work，a society designed with otherends in mind could 14 strikingly different circumstances for the future of labor and leisure. Today，the 15 of work may be a bit overblown. “Many jobs are boring，degrading，unhealthy，and a waste of human potential，” says John Danaher，a lecturer at the National University of Ireland in Galway.These days，because leisure time is relatively 16 for most workers，people use their free time to counterbalance the intellectual and emotional 17 of their jobs. “When I come home from a hard day’s work，I often feel 18 ，” Danahe r says，adding，“In a world in which I don’t have to work，I might feel rather different”—perhaps different enough to throw himself 19 a hobby or a passion project with the intensity usually reserved for 20 matters.1. [A] boasting [B] denying [C] warning [D] ensuring2. [A] inequality [B] instability [C] unreliability [D] uncertainty3. [A] policy [B]guideline [C] resolution [D] prediction4. [A] characterized [B]divided [C] balanced [D]measured5. [A] wisdom [B] meaning [C] glory [D] freedom6. [A] Instead [B] Indeed [C] Thus [D] Nevertheless7. [A] rich [B] urban [C]working [D] educated8. [A] explanation [B] requirement [C] compensation [D] substitute9. [A] under [B] beyond [C] alongside [D] among10. [A] leave behind [B] make up [C] worry about [D] set aside11. [A] statistically [B] occasionally [C] necessarily [D] economically12. [A] chances [B] downsides [C] benefits [D] principles13. [A] absence [B] height [C] face [D] course14. [A] disturb [B] restore [C] exclude [D] yield15. [A] model [B] practice [C] virtue [D] hardship16. [A] tricky [B] lengthy [C] mysterious [D] scarce17. [A] demands [B] standards [C] qualities [D] threats18. [A] ignored [B] tired [C] confused [D] starved19. [A] off [B] against [C] behind [D] into20. [A] technological [B] professional [C] educational [D] interpersonalSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections：Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. （40 points）Text 1Every Saturday morning, at 9 am, more than 50,000 runners set off to run 5km around their local park. The Parkrun phenomenon began with a dozen friends and has inspired 400 events in the UK and more abroad. Events are free, staffed by thousands of volunteers. Runners range from four years old to grandparents; their times range from Andrew Baddeley's world record 13 minutes 48 seconds up to an hour.Parkrun is succeeding where London's Olympic "legacy" is failing. Ten years ago on Monday, it was announced that the Games of the 30th Olympiad would be in London. Planning documents pledged that the great legacy of the Games would be to level a nation of sport lovers away from their couches. The population would be fitter, healthier and produce more winners. It has not happened. The number of adults doing weekly sport did rise, by nearly 2 million in the run－up to 2012－but the general population was growing faster. Worse, the numbers are now falling at an accelerating rate. The opposition claims primaryschool pupils doing at least two hours of sport a week have nearly halved. Obesity has risen among adults and children. Official retrospections continue as to why London 2012 failed to "inspire a generation." The success of Parkrun offers answers.Parkun is not a race but a time trial: Your only competitor is the clock. The ethos welcomes anybody. There is as much joy over a puffed-out first-timer being clapped over the line as there is about top talent shining. The Olympic bidders, by contrast, wanted to get more people doing sports and to produce more elite athletes. The dual aim was mixed up: The stress on success over taking part was intimidating for newcomers.Indeed, there is something a little absurd in the state getting involved in theplanning of such a fundamentally "grassroots", concept as community sports associations. If there is a role for government, it should really be getting involved in providing common goods －making sure there is space for playing fields and the money to pave tennis and netball courts, and encouraging the provision of all these activities in schools. But successive governments have presided over selling green spaces, squeezing money from local authorities and declining attention on sport in education. Instead of wordy, worthy strategies, future governments need to do more to provide the conditions for sport to thrive. Or at least not make them worse.21. According to Paragraph1, Parkrun has_____.A．gained great popularityB．created many jobsC．strengthened community tiesD．become an official festival22. The author believes that London's Olympic "legacy" hasfailed to_____. A．boost population growthB．promote sport participationC．improve the city's imageD．increase sport hours in schools23. Parkrun is different from Olympic games in that it_____.A．aims at discovering talentsB．focuses on mass competitionC．does not emphasize elitismD．does not attract first-timers24. With regard to mass sport, the author holds that governments should_____. A．organize "grassroots" sports eventsB．supervise local sports associationsC．increase funds for sports clubsD．invest in public sports facilities25. The author's attitude to what UK governments have done for sports is_____. A．tolerantB．criticalC．uncertainD．sympatheticText 2With so much focus on children’s use of screens, it's easy for parents to forget abouttheir own screen use. “Tech is designed to really suck on you in,” says Jenny Radesky in her study of digital play, "and digital products are there to promote maximal engagement. It makes it hard to disengage, and leads to a lot of bleed-over into the family routine.”Radesky has studied the use of mobile phones and tablets at mealtimes by giving mother-child pairs a food-testing exercise.She found that mothers who sued devices during the exercise started 20 percent fewer verbal and 39 percent fewer nonverbal interactions with their children. During a separate observation, she saw that phones became a source of tension in the family. Parents would be looking at their emails while the children would be making excited bids for their attention.Infants are wired to look at parents’ faces to try to understand their world, and if those faces are blank and unresponsive—as they often are when absorbed in a device－it can be extremely disconcerting foe the children. Radesky cites the “still face experiment” devised by developmental psychologist Ed Tronick in the 1970s. In it, a mother is asked to interact with her child in a normal way before putting on a blank expression and not giving them any visual social feedback; The child becomes increasingly distressed as she tries to capture her mother’s attention. "Parents don't have to be exquisitely parents at all times, but there needs to be a balance and parents nee d to be responsive and sensitive to a child’s verbal or nonverbal expressions of an emotional need," says Radesky.On the other hand, Tronick himself is concerned that the worries about kids' use of screens are born out of an “oppressi ve ideology that dema nds that parents should always be interacting” with their children: “It’s based on a somewhat fantasized, very white, very upper-middle-class ideology that says if you’re failing to expose your child to 30,000 words you are neglecting them.” Tronick believ es that just because a child isn’t learning from the screen doesn’t mean there’s no value to it－particularly if it gives parents time to have a shower, do housework or simply have a break from their child. Parents, he says, can get a lot out of using their devices to speak to a friendor get some work out of the way. This can make them feel happier, which lets then be more available to their child the rest of the time.26. According to Jenny Radesky, digital products are designed to ______. A．simplify routine mattersB．absorb user attentionC．better interpersonal relationsD．increase work efficiency27. Radesky’s food-testing exercise shows that mothers’ use of devices ______. A．takes away babies’ appetite B．distracts children’s attentionC．slows down babie s’ verbal developmentD．reduces mother-child communication28. Radesky’s cites the “still face experiment” to show that _______.A．it is easy for children to get used to blank expressionsB．verbal expressions are unnecessary for emotional exchangeC．chil dren are insensitive to changes in their parents’ moodD．parents need to respond to children's emotional needs29. The oppressive ideology mentioned by Tronick requires parents to_______. A．protect kids from exposure to wild fantasies B．teach their kids at least 30,000 words a yearC．ensure constant interaction with their childrenD．remain concerned about kid's use of screens30. According to Tronick, kid’s use of screens may_______.A．give their parents some free timeB．make their parents more creativeC．help them with their homeworkD．help them become more attentiveText 3Today, widespread social pressure to immediately go to college in conjunction with increasingly high expectations in a fast-moving world often causes students to completely overlook the possibility of taking a gap year. After all, if everyone you know is going to college in the fall, it seems silly to stay back a year, doesn't it? And after going to school for 12 years, it doesn't feel natural to spend a year d oing something that isn’t academic.But while this may be true, it’s not a good enough reason to condemn gap years. There's always a constant fear of falling behind everyone else on the socially perpetuated “race to the finish line,” whether that be toward graduate school, medical school or lucrative career. But despite common misconceptions, a gap year does not hinder the success of academic pursuits－in fact, it probably enhances it. Studies from the United States and Australia show that students who take a gap year are generally better prepared for and perform better in college than those who do not. Rather than pulling students back, a gap year pushes them ahead by preparing them for independence, new responsibilities and environmental changes－all things that first-year students often struggle with the most. Gap year experiences can lessen the blow when it comes to adjusting to college and being thrown into a brand new environment, making it easier to focus on academics and activities rather than acclimation blunders.If you're not convinced of the inherent value in taking a year off to explore interests, then consider its financial impact on future academic choices. According to the National Center for Education Statistics, nearly 80 percent of college students end upchanging th eir majors at least once. This isn’t surprising, considering the basic mandatory high school curriculum leaves students with a poor understanding of themselves listing one major on their college applications, but switching to another after taking college c lasses. It’s not necessarily a bad thing, but depending on the school, it can be costly to make up credits after switching too late in the game. At Boston College, for example, you would have to complete an extra year were you to switch to the nursing school from another department. Taking a gap year to figure things out initially can help prevent stress and save money later on.31. One of the reasons for high-school graduates not takinga gap year is that_____. A．they think it academically misleadingB．they have a lot of fun to expect in collegeC．it feels strange to do differently from othersD．it seems worthless to take off-campus courses32. Studies from the US and Australia imply that taking a gap year helps_____. A．keep students from being unrealistic B．lower risks in choosing careersC．ease freshmen’s financial burdensD．relieve freshmen of pressures33. The word “acclimation”（Line 8, Para. 3）is closest in meaning to_____. A．adaptationB．applicationC．motivationD．competition34. A gap year may save money for students by helping them_____.A．avoid academic failuresB．establish long-term goalsC．switch to another collegeD．decide on the right major35. The most suitable title for this text would be_____.A．In Favor of the Gap YearB．The ABCs of the Gap YearC．The Gap Year Comes BackD．The Gap Year: A DilemmaText 4Though often viewed as a problem for western states, the growing frequency of wildfires is a national concern because of its impact on federal tax dollars, says Professor Max Moritz, a specialist in fire ecology and management.In 2015, the US Forest Service for the first time spent more than half of its $5.5 billion annual budget fighting fires－nearly double the percentage it spent on such efforts 20 years ago. In effect, fewer federal funds today are going towards the agency's other work－such as forest conservation, watershed and cultural resources management, and infrastructure upkeep－that affect the lives of all Americans.Another nationwide concern is whether public funds from other agencies are going into construction in fire-prone districts. As Moritz puts it, how often are federal dollars building homes that are likely to be lost to a wildfire?“It’s already a huge problem from a public expenditure perspecti ve for the whole country,”he says. We need to take a magnifying glass to that. Like, “Wait a minute, is this OK?”“Do we want instead to redirect those funds to concentrate on lower-hazard parts of the landscape?”Such a view would require a corresponding shift in the way US society today views fire, researchers say.For one thing, conversations about wildfires need to be more inclusive. Over the past decade, the focus has been on climate change－how the warming of the Earth from greenhouse gases is leading to conditions that worsen fires.While climate is a key element, Moritz says, it shouldn’t come at the expense of the rest of the equation.“The human systems and the landscapes we live on are linked, and the interactions go both ways," he says. Failing to recognize that, he notes, leads to "an overly simplified view of what the solutions might be. Our perception of the problem and of what the solution is becomes very limited.”At the same time, people continue to treat fire as an event that needs to be wholly controlled and unleashed only out of necessity, says Professor Balch at the University of Colorado. But acknowledging fire's inevitable presence in human life is an attitude crucial to developing the laws, policies, and practices that make it as safe as possible, she says.“We’ve disconnected ourselves from living with fire,” Balch says. “It is really important to understand and try and tease out what is the human connection with fire today.”36. More frequent wildfires have become a national concern because in 2015they_____.A．exhausted unprecedented management effortsB．consumed a record-high percentage of budgetC．severely damaged the ecology of western statesD．caused a huge rise of infrastructure expenditure37. Moritz calls for the use of "a magnifying glass" to _____.A．raise more funds for fire-prone areasB．avoid the redirection of federal moneyC．find wildfire-free parts of the landscapeD．guarantee safer spending of public funds38. While admitting that climate is a key element, Moritz notes that _____. A．public debates have not settled yet B．fire-fighting conditions are improvingC．other factors should not be overlookedD．a shift in the view of fire has taken place39. The overly simplified view Moritz mentions is a result of failing to _____. A．discover the fundamental makeup of nature B．explore the mechanism of the human systemsC．maximize the role of landscape in human lifeD．understand the interrelations of man and nature40. Professor Balch points out that fire is something man should _____.A．do away withB．come to terms withC．pay a price forD．keep away fromPart BDirections：Read the following text and match each of the numbered items in the left column to its corresponding information in the right column. There are two extra choices in the right column. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. （10 points）The decline in American manufacturing is a common refrain, particularly from Donald Trump. "We don't make anything anymore," he told Fox News, while defending his own made-in-Mexico clothing line.Without question, manufacturing has taken a significant hit during recent decades, and further trade deals raise questionsabout whether new shocks could hit manufacturing.But there is also a different way to look at the data.Across the country, factory owners are now grappling with a new challenge: instead of having too many workers, they may end up with too few. Despite trade competition and outsourcing, American manufacturing still needs to replace tens of thousands of retiring boomers every years. Millennials may not be that interested in taking their place, other industries are recruiting them with similar or better pay.For factory owners, it all adds up to stiff competition for workers－and upward pressure on wages. "They're harder to find and they have job offers," says Jay Dunwell, president of Wolverine Coil Spring, a family-owned firm, "They may be coming [into the workforce], but they've been plucked by other industries that are also doing an well as manufacturing," Mr. Dunwell has begun bringing high school juniors to the factory so they can get exposed to its culture.At RoMan Manufacturing, a maker of electrical transformers and welding equipment that his father cofounded in 1980, Robert Roth keep a close eye on the age of his nearly 200 workers, five are retiring this year. Mr. Roth has three community-college students enrolled in a work-placement program, with a starting wage of $13 an hour that rises to $17 after two years.At a worktable inside the transformer plant, young Jason Stenquist looks flustered by the copper coils he's trying to assemble and the arrival of two visitors. It's his first week on the job. Asked about his choice of career, he says at high school he considered medical school before switching to electrical engineering. "I love working with tools. I love creating." he says.But to win over these young workers, manufacturers have toclear another major hurdle: parents, who lived through the worst US economic downturn since the Great Depression, telling them to avoid the factory. Millennials "remember their father and mother both were laid off. They blame it on the manufacturing recession," says Birgit Klohs, chief executive of The Right Place, a business development agency for western Michigan.These concerns aren't misplaced: Employment in manufacturing has fallen from 17 million in 1970 to 12 million in 2013. When the recovery began, worker shortages first appeared in the high-skilled trades. Now shortages are appearing at the mid-skill levels."The gap is between the jobs that take to skills and those that require a lot of skill," says Rob Spohr, a business professor at Montcalm Community College. "There're enough people to fill the jobs at McDonalds and other places where you don't need to have much skill. It's that gap in between, and that's where the problem is."Julie Parks of Grand Rapids Community points to another key to luring Millennials into manufacturing: a work/life balance. While their parents were content to work long hours, young people value flexibility. "Overtime is not attractive to this generation. They really want to live their lives," she says.Section III TranslationDirections:Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written neatly on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)46. My DreamMy dream has always been to work somewhere in an area between fashion and publishing. Two years before graduating from secondary school, I took a sewing and design course thinking that I would move on to a fashion design course.However, during that course I realised that I was not good enough in this area to compete with other creative personalities in the future, so I decided that it was not the right path for me. Before applying for university I told everyone that I would study journalism, because writing was, and still is, one of my favourite activities. But, to be absolutely honest, I said it, because I thought that fashion and me together was just a dream - I knew that no one, apart from myself, could imagine me in the fashion industry at all!Section IV WritingPart A47 Directions:Suppose you are invited by Professor Williams to give a presentation about Chinese culture to a group of international students. Write a reply to1）Accept the invitation, and2）Introduce the key points of your presentation.You should write neatly on the ANWSER SHEET.Do not sign you own name at the end of the letter, use “Li Ming ” instead.Do not write the address .(10 points)Part B48. Directions:Write your essay on ANSWER SHEET. (15 points)You should1) interpret the chart, and2) give your comments.You should write about 150 words on the ANSWER SHEET. (15points)2017年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语（二）真题答案解析答案速查：1-5 CADAB 6-10 BCADC11-15 CBADC 16-20 DABDB21-25 ABCDB 26-30 BDDCA31-35 CDADA 36-40 BDCBD41-45 EAGBFSection I Use of English文章题材结构分析本文选自《大西洋月刊》中7月28日的题为“Would a Work-Free World Be So Bad?”的文章，主要描述对无需工作的一种未来的设想和分析。

2017年考研英语二翻译真题附答案发布

2017年考研英语⼆翻译真题附答案发布本⽂“2017年考研英语⼆翻译真题附答案发布”，跟着店铺来了解⼀下吧。

希望能帮到您！ Section III Translation 46.Directions： Translate the following text into Chinese。

Write your translation neatly on the ANSWER SHEET。

(15 points) My dream has always been to work somewhere in an area between fashion and publishing。

Two years before graduating from secondary school， I took a sewing and design course thinking that I would move on to a fashion design course。

However， during that course I realized I was not good enough in this area to compete with other creative personalities in the future， so I decided that it was not the right path for me。

Before applying for university I told everyone that I would study journalism， because writing was， and still is， one of my favourite activities。

But， to be honest， I said it ， because I thought that fashion and me together was just a dream—I knew that no one could imagine me in the fashion industry at all! So I decided to look for some fashion-related courses that included writing。

2017年考研英语真题及答案完整解析

2017年考研英语真题及答案完整解析2017年全国硕⼠研究⽣⼊学统⼀考试英语试题Section I U se of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark [A], [B], [C] or [D] on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)The homeless make up a growing percentage of America’s population.1 homelessness has reached such proportions that local governments can’t possibly 2. To help homeless people 3 independence, the federal government must support job training programs, 4 the minimum wage, and fund more low-cost housing.5 everyone agrees on the number of Americans who are homeless. Estimates6 anywhere from 600,000 to 3 million.7 the figure may vary, analysts do agree on another matter: that the number of the homeless is 8. One of the federal government’s studies 9 thatthe number of the homeless will reach nearly 19 million by the end of this decade.Finding ways to 10 this growing homeless population has become increasingly difficult. 11 when homeless individuals manage to find a 12 that will give them three meals a day and a place to sleep at night, a good number still spend the bulk of each day 13 thestreet. Part of the problem is that many homeless adults are addicted to alcohol or drugs. And a significant number of the homeless have seriousmental disorders. Many others, 14 not addicted or mentally ill, simply lack the everyday 15 skills needed to turn their lives 16. Boston Globe reporter Chris Reidy notes that the situation willimprove only when there are 17 programs that address the many needs of the homeless. 18 Edward Zlotkowski, director of community service at Bentley College in Massachusetts, 19 it, “There has to be 20 of programs. What’s needed is a package deal.”1. [A] Indeed[B] Likewise[C] Therefore[D] Furthermore2. [A] stand[B] cope[C] approve[D] retain3. [A] in[B] for[C] with[D] toward[B] add[C] take[D] keep5. [A] generally[B] almost[C] hardly[D] not6. [A] cover[B] change[C] range[D] differ7. [A] Now that[B] Although[C] Provided[D] Except that8. [A] inflating[B] expanding[C] increasing[D] extending9. [A] predicts[B] displays[C] proves[D] discovers10. [A] assist[B] track[C] sustain[D] dismiss11. [A] Hence[B] But[C] Even[D] Only12. [A] lodging[B] shelter[C] dwelling13. [A] searching[B] strolling[C] crowding[D] wandering14. [A] when[B] once[C] while[D] whereas15. [A] life[B] existence[C] survival[D] maintenance16. [A] around[B] over[C] on[D] up17. [A] complex[B] comprehensive[C] complementary[D] compensating18. [A] So[B] Since[C] As[D] Thus19. [A] puts[B] interprets[C] assumes[D] makes20. [A] supervision[B] manipulation[C] regulation[D] coordinationSection II Reading Comprehension Part ARead the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing [A], [B], [C], or [D]. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40 points)Text 1In spite of “endless talk of difference,” American society is an amazing machine for homogenizing people. There is “the democratizing uniformity of dress and discourse, and the casualness and absence of deference” characteristic of popular culture. People are absorbed into “a culture of consumption” launched by the 19th-century department stores that offered “vast arrays of goods in an elegant atmosphere. Instead of intimate shops catering to a knowledgeable elite,” these were stores “anyone could enter, regardless of class or background. This turned shopping into a public and democratic act.” The mass media, advertising and sports are other forces for homogenization.Immigrants are quickly fitting into this common culture, which may not be altogether elevating but is hardly poisonous. Writing for the National Immigration Forum, Gregory Rodriguez reports that today’s immigration is neither at unprecedented levels nor resistant to assimilation. In 1998 immigrants were 9.8 percent of population; in 1900, 13.6 percent. In the 10 years prior to 1990, 3.1 immigrants arrived for every 1,000 residents; in the 10 years prior to 1890, 9.2 for every 1,000. Now, consider three indices of assimilation -- language, home ownership and intermarriage.The 1990 Census revealed that “a majority of immigrants from each of the fifteen most common countries of origin spoke English ‘well’or ‘very well’ after ten years of residence.” The children of immigrants tend to be bilingual and proficient in English. “By the third generation, the original language is lost in the majority of immigrant families.”Hence the description of America as a “graveyard” for languages. By 1996 foreign-born immigrants who had arrived before 1970 had a home ownership rate of 75.6 percent, higher than the 69.8 percent rate among native-born Americans.Foreign-born Asians and Hispanics “have higher rates of intermarriage than do U.S.-born whites and blacks.”By the third generation, one third of Hispanic women are married to non-Hispanics, and 41 percent of Asian-American women are married to non-Asians.Rodriguez notes that children in remote villages around the world are fans of superstars like Arnold Schwarzenegger and Garth Brooks, yet “some Americans fear that immigrants living within the United States remain somehow immune to the nation’s assimilative power.”Are there divisive issues and pockets of seething anger in America? Indeed. It is big enough to have a bit of everything. But particularly when viewed against America’s turbulent past, today’s social indices hardly suggest a dark and deteriorating social environment.21. The word “homogenizing” (Line 2, Paragraph 1) most probably means________.[A] identifying[B] associating[C] assimilating[D] monopolizing22. According to the author, the department stores of the 19th century________.[A] played a role in the spread of popular culture[B] became intimate shops for common consumers[C] satisfied the needs of a knowledgeable elite[D] owed its emergence to the culture of consumption23. The text suggests that immigrants now in the U.S. ________.[A] are resistant to homogenization[B] exert a great influence on American culture[D] constitute the majority of the population24. Why are Arnold Schwarzenegger and Garth Brooks mentioned inParagraph 5?[A] To prove their popularity around the world.[B] To reveal the public’s fear of immigrants.[C] To give examples of successful immigrants.[D] To show the powerful influence of American culture.25. In the author’s opinion, the absorption of immigrants into Americansociety is ________.[A] rewarding[B] successful[C] fruitless[D] harmfulText 2Stratford-on-Avon, as we all know, has only one industry -- William Shakespeare -- but there are two distinctly separate and increasingly hostile branches. There is the Royal Shakespeare Company (RSC), which presents superb productions of the plays at the Shakespeare Memorial Theatre on the Avon. And there are the townsfolk who largely live off the tourists who come, not to see the plays, but to look at Anne Hathaway’s Cottage, Shakespeare’s birthplace and the other sights.The worthy residents of Stratford doubt that the theatre adds a penny to their revenue. They frankly dislike the RSC’s actors, them with their long hair and beards and sandals and noisiness. It’s all deliciously ironic when you consider that Shakespeare, who earns their living, was himself an actor (with a beard) and did his share of noise-making.The tourist streams are not entirely separate. The sightseers who come by bus -- and often take in Warwick Castle and Blenheim Palace on the side -- don’t usually see the plays, and some of them are even surprised to find a theatre in Stratford. However, the playgoers do manage a little sight-seeing along with their playgoing. It is the playgoers, the RSC contends, who bring in much of the town’s revenue because they spend the night (some of them four or five nights) pouring cash into the hotels and restaurants. The sightseers can take in everything and get out of town by nightfall.The townsfolk don’t see it this way and local council does not contribute directly to the subsidy of the Royal Shakespeare Company. Stratford cries poor traditionally. Nevertheless every hotel in town seems to be adding a new wing or cocktail lounge. Hilton is building its own hotel there, which you may be sure will be decorated with Hamlet Hamburger Bars, the Lear Lounge, the Banquo Banqueting Room, and so forth, and will be very expensive.Anyway, the townsfolk can’t understand why the Royal Shakespeare Company needs a subsidy. (The theatre has broken attendance records for three years in a row. Last year its 1,431 seats were 94 percent occupied all year long and this year they’ll do better.) The reason, of course, is that costs have rocketed and ticket prices have stayed low.It would be a shame to raise prices too much because it would drive away the young people who are Stratford’s most attractive clientele. They come entirely for the plays, not the sights. They all seem to look alike (though they come from all over) -- lean, pointed, dedicated faces, wearing jeans and sandals, eating their buns and bedding down for the night on the flagstones outside the theatre to buy the 20 seats and 80 standing-room tickets held for the sleepers and sold to them when the box office opens at 10:30 a.m.26. From the first two paragraphs, we learn that ________.[A] the townsfolk deny the RSC’s contribution to the town’s revenue[B] the actors of the RSC imitate Shakespeare on and off stage[D] the townsfolk earn little from tourism27. It can be inferred from Paragraph 3 that ________.[A] the sightseers cannot visit the Castle and the Palace separately[B] the playgoers spend more money than the sightseers[C] the sightseers do more shopping than the playgoers[D] the playgoers go to no other places in town than the theater28. By saying “Stratford cries poor traditionally” (Line 2-3, Paragraph4), the author implies that ________.[A] Stratford cannot afford the expansion projects[B] Stratford has long been in financial difficulties[C] the town is not really short of money[D] the townsfolk used to be poorly paid29. According to the townsfolk, the RSC deserves no subsidy because________.[A] ticket prices can be raised to cover the spending[B] the company is financially ill-managed[C] the behavior of the actors is not socially acceptable[D] the theatre attendance is on the rise30. From the text we can conclude that the author ________.[A] is supportive of both sides[B] favors the townsfolk’s view[C] takes a detached attitude[D] is sympathetic to the RSCText 3When prehistoric man arrived in new parts of the world, something strange happened to the large animals. They suddenly became extinct. Smaller species survived. The large, slow-growing animals were easy game, and were quickly hunted to extinction. Now something similar could be happening in the oceans.That the seas are being overfished has been known for years. What researchers such as Ransom Myers and Boris Worm have shown is just how fast things are changing. They have looked at half a century of data from fisheries around the world. Their methods do not attempt to estimate the actual biomass (the amount of living biological matter) of fish species in particular parts of the ocean, but rather changes in that biomass over time. According to their latest paper published in Nature, the biomassof large predators (animals that kill and eat other animals) in a new fishery is reduced on average by 80% within 15 years of the start of exploitation. In some long-fished areas, it has halved again since then.Dr. Worm acknowledges that these figures are conservative. One reason for this is that fishing technology has improved. Today’s vessels can find their prey using satellites and sonar, which were not available 50 years ago. That means a higher proportion of what is in the sea is being caught, so the real difference between present and past is likely to be worse than the one recorded by changes in catch sizes. In the early days, too, longlines would have been more saturated with fish. Some individuals would therefore not have been caught, since no baited hooks would have been available to trap them, leading toDr. Myers and Dr. Worm argue that their work gives a correct baseline, which future management efforts must take into account. They believe the data support an idea current among marine biologists, that of the “shifting baseline.” The notion is that people have failed to detect the massive changes which have happened in the ocean because they have been looking back only a relatively short time into the past. That matters because theory suggests that the maximum sustainable yield that can be cropped from a fishery comes when the biomass of a target species is about 50% of its original levels. Most fisheries are well below that, which is a bad way to do business.31. The extinction of large prehistoric animals is noted to suggest that________.[A] large animal were vulnerable to the changing environment[B] small species survived as large animals disappeared[C] large sea animals may face the same threat today[D] slow-growing fish outlive fast-growing ones32. We can infer from Dr. Myers and Dr. Worm’s paper that ________.[A] the stock of large predators in some old fisheries has reducedby 90%[B] there are only half as many fisheries as there were 15 years ago[C] the catch sizes in new fisheries are only 20% of the originalamount[D] the number of larger predators dropped faster in new fisheriesthan in the old33. By saying "these figures are conservative" (Line 1, paragraph 3),Dr. Worm means that ________.[A] fishing technology has improved rapidly[B] the catch-sizes are actually smaller than recorded[C] the marine biomass has suffered a greater loss[D] the data collected so far are out of date34. Dr. Myers and other researchers hold that ________.[A] people should look for a baseline that can work for a longer time[B] fisheries should keep their yields below 50% of the biomass[C] the ocean biomass should be restored to its original level[D] people should adjust the fishing baseline to the changingsituation35. The author seems to be mainly concerned with most fisheries’________.[A] management efficiency[B] biomass level[D] technological applicationText 4Many things make people think artists are weird. But the weirdest may be this: artists’ only job is to explore emotions, and yet they choose to focus on the ones that feel bad.This wasn’t always so. The earliest forms of art, like painting and music, are those best suited for expressing joy. But somewhere from the 19th century onward, more artists began seeing happiness as meaningless, phony or, worst of all, boring, as we went from Wordsworth’s daffodils to Baudelaire’s flowers of evil.You could argue that art became more skeptical of happiness because modern times have seen so much misery. But it’s not as if earlier times didn’t know perpetual war, disaster and the massacre of innocents. The reason, in fact, may be just the opposite: there is too much damn happiness in the world today.After all, what is the one modern form of expression almost completely dedicated to depicting happiness? Advertising. The rise of anti-happy art almost exactly tracks the emergence of mass media, and with it, a commercial culture in which happiness is not just an ideal but an ideology.People in earlier eras were surrounded by reminders of misery. They worked until exhausted, lived with few protections and died young. In the West, before mass communication and literacy, the most powerful mass medium was the church, which reminded worshippers that their souls were in danger and that they would someday be meat for worms. Given all this, they did not exactly need their art to be a bummer too.Today the messages the average Westerner is surrounded with are not religious but commercial, and forever happy. Fast-food eaters, news anchors, text messengers, all smiling, smiling, smiling. Our magazines feature beaming celebrities and happy families in perfect homes. And since these messages have an agenda -- to lure us to open our wallets -- they make the very idea of happiness seem unreliable. “Celebrate!”commanded the ads for the arthritis drug Celebrex, before we found out it could increase the risk of heart attacks.But what we forget -- what our economy depends on us forgetting -- is that happiness is more than pleasure without pain. The things that bring the greatest joy carry the greatest potential for loss and disappointment. Today, surrounded by promises of easy happiness, we need art to tell us, as religion once did, Memento mori: remember that you will die, that everything ends, and that happiness comes not in denying this but in living with it. It’s a message even more bitter than a clove cigarette, yet, somehow, a breath of fresh air.36. By citing the examples of poets Wordsworth and Baudelaire, the authorintends to show that ________.[A] poetry is not as expressive of joy as painting or music[B] art grows out of both positive and negative feelings[C] poets today are less skeptical of happiness[D] artists have changed their focus of interest37. The word “bummer”(Line 5, paragraph 5) most probably meanssomething ________.[A] religious[B] unpleasant[C] entertaining[D] commercial38. In the author’s opinion, advertising ________.[A] emerges in the wake of the anti-happy art[B] is a cause of disappointment for the general public[D] creates an illusion of happiness rather than happiness itself39. We can learn from the last paragraph that the author believes________.[A] happiness more often than not ends in sadness[B] the anti-happy art is distasteful but refreshing[C] misery should be enjoyed rather than denied[D] the anti-happy art flourishes when economy booms40. Which of the following is true of the text?[A] Religion once functioned as a reminder of misery.[B] Art provides a balance between expectation and reality.[C] People feel disappointed at the realities of modern society.[D] Mass media are inclined to cover disasters and deaths.Part BDirections:In the following article, some sentences have been removed. For Questions 41-45, choose the most suitable one from the list A-G to fit into each of the numbered gaps. There are two extra choices, which you do not need to use in any of the blanks. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)On the north bank of the Ohio river sits Evansville, Ind., home of David Williams, 52, and of a riverboat casino (a place where gambling games are played). During several years of gambling in that casino, Williams, a state auditor earning $35,000 a year, lost approximately $175,000. He had never gambled before the casino sent him a coupon for $20 worth of gambling. He visited the casino, lost the $20 and left. On his second visit he lost $800. The casino issued to him, as a good customer, a "Fun Card", which when used in the casino earns points for meals and drinks, and enables the casino to track the user’s gambling activities. For Williams, those activities become what he calls "electronic heroin".(41) ________. In 1997 he lost $21,000 to one slot machine in two days. In March 1997 he lost $72,186. He sometimes played two slot machines at a time, all night, until the boat docked at 5 a.m., then went back aboard when the casino opened at 9 a.m. Now he is suing the casino, charging that it should have refused his patronage because it knew he was addicted. It did know he had a problem.In March 1998 a friend of Williams’s got him involuntarily confinedto a treatment center for addictions, and wrote to inform the casino of Williams’s gambling problem. The casino included a photo of Williams among those of banned gamblers, and wrote to him a “cease admissions”letter. Noting themedical/psychological nature of problem gambling behavior, the letter said that before being readmitted to the casino he would have to present medical/psychological information demonstrating that patronizing the casino would pose no threat to his safety or well-being.(42) ________.The Wall Street Journal reports that the casino has 24 signs warning: “Enjoy the fun... and always bet with your head, not over it.” Every entrance ticket lists a toll-free number for counseling from the Indiana Department of Mental Health. Nevertheless, Williams’s suit charges that the casino, knowing he was “helplessly addicted to gambling,”intentionally worked to “lure” him to “engage in conduct against his will.” Well.(43) ________.The fourth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders says “pathological gambling” involves persistent, recurring and uncontrollable pursuit less of money than of thrill of taking risks in quest of a windfall.(45) ________.Forty-four states have lotteries, 29 have casinos, and most of these states are to varying degrees dependent on -- you might say addicted to -- revenues from wagering. And since the first Internet gambling site was created in 1995, competition for gamblers’ dollars has become intense. The Oct. 28 issue of Newsweek reported that 2 million gamblers patronize 1,800 virtual casinos every week. With $3.5 billion being lost on Internet wagers this year, gambling has passed pornography as the Web’s most profitable business.[A] Although no such evidence was presented, the casino’s marketingdepartment continued to pepper him with mailings. And he entered the casino and used his Fun Card without being detected.[B]It is unclear what luring was required, given his compulsive behavior.And in what sense was his will operative?[C] By the time he had lost $5,000 he said to himself that if he couldget back to even, he would quit. One night he won $5,500, but he did not quit.[D] Gambling has been a common feature of American life forever, but fora long time it was broadly considered a sin, or a social disease.Now it is a social policy: the most important and aggressive promoter of gambling in America is the government.[E] David Williams’s suit should trouble this gambling nation. But don’t bet on it.[F] It is worrisome that society is medicalizing more and more behavioralproblems, often defining as addictions what earlier, sterner generations explained as weakness of will.[G] The anonymous, lonely, undistracted nature of online gambling isespecially conducive to compulsive behavior. But even if the government knew how to move against Internet gambling, what would be its grounds for doing so?Part CDirections:Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (10 points)Is it true that the American intellectual is rejected and considered of no account in his society? I am going to suggest that it is not true. Father Bruckberger told part of the story when he observed that it is the intellectuals who have rejected America. But they have done more than that. They have grown dissatisfied with the role of intellectual. It is they, not America, who have become anti-intellectual.First, the object of our study pleads for definition. What is an intellectual? 46) I shall define him as an individual who has elected as his primary duty and pleasure in life the activity of thinking in a Socratic (苏格拉底) way about moral problems. He explores such problems consciously, articulately, and frankly, first by asking factual questions, then by asking moral questions, finally by suggesting action which seems appropriate in the light of the factual and moral information which he has obtained. 47) His function is analogous to that of a judge, who must accept the obligation of revealing in as obvious a manner as possible the course of reasoning which led him to his decision.This definition excludes many individuals usually referred to as intellectuals -- the average scientist, for one. 48) I have excluded him because, while his accomplishments may contribute to the solution of moral problems, he has not been charged with the task of approaching any but the factual aspects of those problems. Like other human beings, he encounters moral issues even in the everyday performance of his routine duties -- he is not supposed to cook his experiments, manufactureevidence, or doctor his reports. 49) But his primary task is not to think about the moral code which governs his activity, anyThe definition also excludes the majority of teachers, despite the fact that teaching has traditionally been the method whereby many intellectuals earn their living. 50) They may teach very well and more than earn their salaries, but most of them make little or no independent reflections on human problems which involve moral judgment. This description even fits the majority of eminent scholars. Being learned in some branch of human knowledge is one thing, living in "public and illustrious thoughts,” as Emerson would say, is something else.Section III WritingPart A51. DirectionsYou want to contribute to Project Hope by offering financial aid to a child in a remote area. Write a letter to the department concerned, asking them to help find a candidate. You should specify what kind of child you want to help and how you will carry out your plan.Write your letter in no less than 100 words. Write it neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2.Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter; use “Li Ming”instead.Do not write the address. (10 points)Part B52. Directions:Study the following photos carefully and write an essay in which you should1. describe the photos briefly,2. interpret the social phenomenon reflected by them, and3. give your point of view.You should write 160-200 words neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (20 points)有两幅图⽚，图1 把崇拜写在脸上；图2 花300元做“⼩贝头”注：Beckham是英国⾜球明星有两张照⽚，⼀张照⽚上有⼀位男⼠脸上写着⾜球明星的名字，另⼀张照⽚上有⼀个男⼦在理发，他要求理发师为他设计⼀个⼩贝克汉姆的发型。

2017年全国卷I英语精校解析翻译版

绝密★启封前试卷类型A2017年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（新课标I）英语（考试时间：120分钟试卷满分：150分）注意事项：1.本试卷由四个部分组成。

其中，第一、二部分和第三部分的第一节为选择题。

第三部分的第二节和第四部分为非选择题。

2.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。

3.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。

4.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。

录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。

第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。

每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

例：How much is the shirt?A. ￡19. 15.B. ￡9. 18.C. ￡9. 15.答案是C。

1. What does the woman think of the movie?A. It’s amusingB. It’s excitingC. It’s disappointing2. How will Susan spend most of her time in France?A. Traveling aroundB. Studying at a schoolC. Looking after her aunt3. What are the speakers talking about?A. Going outB. Ordering drinksC. Preparing for a party4. Where are the speakers?A. In a classroomB. In a libraryC. In a bookstore5. What is the man going to do?A. Go on the InternetB. Make a phone callC. Take a train trip第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。

2017年全国卷I英语精校-解析-翻译版