中考英语复习专题十二 动词的语态

专题十二动词的语态

,河北五年中考命题规律及趋势

考纲要求

1.一般现在时的被动语态

2.

一般过去时的被动语态 3.一般将来时的被动语态

考查点年份题号选项设置分值

一般现在时的被动语态201932

fill/filled/are__filled/w

ere filled 1分201834

list/are__listed/will

list/will be listed 1分201735

knows/is__known/was

known/will be known 1分

一般过去时的被动语态201638

praises/praised/is

praised/was__praised1分201538

moves/moved/is

moved/was__moved1分

动词的语态为河北中考单项选择题的必考点，且都与时态相结合，主要表现为一般现在时、一般过去时和一般将来时。选项的设置均为一个动词的不同时态和不同语态。题目设置在近5年来很少出现明显的时间状语提示，需要分析语境才能判断出选项。语句多为单句形式，词数多为9—13个。

预测2020年河北中考的单项选择题必定会出现一道题考查被动语态，并与时态相结合。

,河北中考重难点突破

单项选择。

(D)1.(2019河南中考)—Where is your book report？Did your dog eat it again?

—No，it ________ almost ________，and then my computer just died on me!

A．不填；finishes B．不填；finished

C．is；finished D．was；finished

(C)2.(2019安徽中考)The villagers expect that the building of the bridge ________ before the rainy season comes.

A．is completed

B．was completed

C．will be completed

D．has been completed

(C)3.(2019吉林中考改编)The environment in my hometown is improving because many trees ________ every year.

A．plant B．planted

C．are planted D．were planted

(A)4.(2019自贡中考改编)—Tom is always careless with his schoolwork.Could you help him?

—No problem！I think he ________ to think twice before starting.

A．should be told B．shouldn't be told

(C)5.(2019江西中考)Gina went to the doctor's yesterday and she ________ about the importance of good living habits once more.

A．told B．is told

C．was told D．has told

【满分点拨】

一、动词语态的分类

英语中有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。

1．主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。如：

Many people speak English there.那里很多人说英语。

2．被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，即行为动词的对象。如：

Chinese is spoken by many people.汉语被很多人说。(Chinese是动词speak的承受者)

二、被动语态的构成

被动语态由“be＋及物动词的过去分词(用done表示)”构成。常见的4种时态的被动结构如下：

时态被动结构例句

一般现在时am/is/are＋

done

This kind of car is made in China.这种车是中国制造

的。

一般过去时was/were＋

done

The flying disk was invented by college students.这种

飞碟是大学生们发明的。

续表

时态被动结构例句

一般将来时will/shall＋

be＋done

The bridge will be finished in a month.这座桥将

在一个月后竣工。

情态动词情态动词＋

be＋done

Many trees should be planted every year.每年应

该种许多树。

三、主动语态变被动语态的方法

1．图示

2．口诀：宾变主，主变宾，谓语动词用被动。

3．变换步骤：

(1)将主动句的宾语变为主语。

注意：如果主动句的宾语是代词，需将其由宾格变为主格。如：

My English teacher praised me for my good pronunciation.→I was praised by my English teacher for my good