新课标人教选修8 unit 1学案

选修八Unit 1 知识点学案（初稿）

学习目标：Enable students to grasp the important words and phrases.

学习重难点：Grasp the usages of important words and phrases.

一．词形变化

1. immigrate vi.移入(外国定居) →immigration n.移民，移居入境→immigrant n. 移民2．distinct adj.清晰的；明显的；明确的→disti nction n．差别；区分；卓著

3．majority n．大多数；大半→minority n．(反义词)少数派；少数民族

4．elect vt.选择；决定做某事；选举某人→election n．选举

5. percentage n. 百分比，百分率→ percent n.百分数60 percent:60%

6．racial adj.人种的；种族的→race n．种族

7．crossing n．横渡；横越；十字路口；人行横道→cross vi.横过

8. applicant n.申请人→ apply v. 申请，应用，适用于，涂→ application n.申请（书）9．customs n．海关；关税；进口税→ custom n.风俗，习惯，传统→customer n．顾客10．socialist n．社会主义者；社会党人adj.社会主义者的→socialism n．社会主义→social adj.社会的；社交的→ society n.社会

11. occur vi.发生，出现→_____________(过去式或过去分词) →_____________（现在分词）12．apparent adj.显而易见的；显然的；表面上的→apparently adv.显然地；显而易见地13．indicate vt.指出；指示；表明；暗示→indicator n．指示者；指示器→indication n．指示；指标

14. conductor n. （公车）售票员,列车员,指挥→ conduct v.指挥,传导,引导,表现n.行为，举止

15. slip vi.滑动，滑行，滑跤n. 滑动，滑倒→________(过去式或过去分词) →________(现在分词) 16．punishment n．处罚；惩罚→punish vt.惩罚

17.justice n．正义；公平→just adj.公平的；公正的; adv.正好，恰好；仅仅，只是；刚才；

18.thankful adj.感激的；感谢的→thank n．& v．感谢

二．重要单词短语讲解

1 means n.方式；方法（单复数同形词）

by this means =____this way=______this method 用这种方法

by no means 决不，一点都不（位于句首时，句子用部分倒装）

by all means 当然可以（交际用语）

by means of 用……办法；借助……

by any means 无论如何

[自主学习] 用by means of, by no means, by all means填空

1). He succeeded _____________________perseverance.

2). —May I borrow your bicycle?

—_________________________.

3). She is _________________________an inexperienced teacher.

=___________________________________________________________(倒装句)

2 occur vi.发生（happen）；存在(exist); 出现; （想法）产生（come into one’s mind）

[拓展] sth. occurs to sb.= sth. strike/hit sb.= sth. come into one’s mind某人突然想起……

It occurs to sb.that...= It strikes/hits sb that… 某人突然想起……

Eg: Didn’t it occur to you that he was lying?你当时没想到他在撒谎吗？

[自主学习]填空1). An idea ___________ to me.

2). An idea came _______ my mind.

3). It suddenly occurred to me _________ I h adn’t locked my door.

3 mark v.做记号；留下痕迹；弄污；打分数n.污点；符号；分数

[拓展] mark ou t画线；标出……的界限

mark...with...用……在某物上作标记, (被动) be marked with

eg: Prices are marked on the goods.价格标在商品上。

I have fifty papers to mark tonight. 我今晚有50份考卷要评分。

[自主学习]

1). Mark the frame _________ your postcode. 在这一格里写上你的邮政编码。

= The frame_______ ________ ________your postcode.(被动句)

2). When planting seedlings I prefer to _______ _______ the rows in advance.

当种地的时候，我喜欢提前画线。

3). __________(mark) with a special mark，it’s easy to recognize.

4). You’d better have your book _________(mark) with your name.

4 elect v.选举；推选；选择；决定做某事

elect sb.as...选举某人担任……

elect sb.to...选举某人到……(职位)

election n.选举；推选

win/lose an election在选举中获胜/失败

run for election参加竞选

He was elected as MP for Oxford East. 他被选为牛津东区的议员。

自主学习

(1)用elect的适当形式填空

①Those _______________ to smoke will be seated at the rear.

②In America，presidential_______________ are held every four years.

(2)He ________________ the next day _______(第二天被选举为) Vice President.

5 hire v.租用；租借(pay money to borrow)；聘用；录用；雇用(employ；take on)；临时雇用；n.租借；

租用；租赁

[拓展] hire out租出去on hire from从……处租用for hire可供出租

自主学习

(1)语法填空

①The costumes are ________ hire from the local theatre.

②The car will be hired ________ at a higher price.

(2)He was employed as a salesman in Samsung Company，but ______________________(很快就被解雇了)