动词时态学案概要

英语中动词时态一、学习目标1. 重点复习动词六种时态的基本结构、主要用法及区别（一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在进行时、过去进行时和现在完成时）2. 复习过去将来时、过去完成时态的基本用法3. 学会运用数轴法分析时态二、学习重点1. 动词六种时态的基本结构、主要用法及区别2. 学会运用数轴法分析时态三、学习难点动词六种时态的基本结构、主要用法及区别四、学习过程Part 1一般现在时基本构成1. Be动词肯定句：主语+Be（am/is/are）+其它否定句：主语+Be（am/is/are）+ not +其它一般疑问句：Be（am/is/are）+主语+其它例句：He is a worker.He is not a worker.Is he a worker?2. 一般行为动词肯定句：主语+动词原形（单三形式）+其它否定句：主语+don’t+动词原形+其它一般疑问句：Do+主语+动词原形+其它例句：I often play football.I don’t often play football.Do you often play football.Yes, I do./No, I don’t.3. There be 句型否定句：There be+not+其它一般疑问句：Be there+其它例句：There is a book and ten schoolbags on the desk.There are ten schoolbags and a book on the desk.There isn’t a book on the desk.Is there a book on the desk？第三人称单数的变化规律一般现在时时态下，当主语是以下几种情况时，谓语动词用动词的第三人称单数形式。

1.人称代词为he/she/itShe usually has lunch at twelve.2.单个人名、地名或称呼作主语Beijing is in China.3.单数可数名词或“this/that/the+单数可数名词”作主语This book is yours.4.不定代词someone/somebody/nobody/everything/something等及this/that作主语There is something wrong with the watch.5.不可数名词The bread is very small.6.数字或字母“6”is a lucky number.动词单三形式变化规律表形式的变化规律以s、sh、ch、x、o结尾的动词+ es 读/iz/watch – watchesguess – guessesgo - goes辅音字母加y结尾的名词变y为i后加es读/z/study – studiescarry – carriesworry – worries 特殊形式的变化have – has用法1. 表示经常性、习惯性的动作或存在的状态一般现在时可用来表示在过去到以后很长一段时间内的一个不断重复或经常发生的动作，以前有、现在有并且以后还会存在。

这个动作可以日常发生的事情，也可以是一种习惯、一个爱好，还可以是一个人的职业、性格、能力。

与always、usually、often、sometimes、every day (week/month)等连用。

（注：时常遗忘或不做的事情也可以用一般现在时）例句：They often go to school by bike.She usually has lunch at 12:00.His father is a doctor.I like watching TV.2. 表示客观事实或普遍真理（注：格言或警句中也用一般现在时）例句：The moon moves round the earth.There are seven days in a week.Birds do not like milk.California is in America.Pride goes before a fall.Time and tide waits for no man.3. 表示正在进行的动作或状态（1）较短一段时间内存在的状态例句：He lives in Beijing now.He needs help right now.She is not here now.（2）在某些倒装句中，表示动作正在进行。

例句：Here comes the bus. = The bus is coming.There goes the bell. = The bell is ringing.4. 表示将来的动作或状态在时间、条件、让步状语从句中，主句是一般将来时，从句用一般现在时表示将来的动作或状态。

“主将从现”这一语法现象的重要连词有：if (如果)，as soon as (一....就...),when(当...时候)，before，after，until(直到not..until直到...才) 。

例句：If you come, we will wait for you.When he gets here, the work will be finished.Though he disagrees with us, he will do as we decided.I’ll tell you the news as soon as you come back.5. 表示过去的动作和状态小说故事用一般现在时代替一般过去时。

新闻报道类的内容，为了体现其“新鲜”性，也用一般现在时来表示过去发生的事情。

例句：A man kills 14 students in one minute yesterday.Mary steps into the bedroom and sees her husband lying in the bed motionlessly.实战演练1. Jenny!Do you know that one-third of the boys in our class _________ the singer Zhang Shaohan?A. likeB. likesC. liking2. Betty will ring me up when she _______ in Beijing.A. arriveB. arrivesC. arrivedD. will arrive3. Although Bill i sn’t rich enough, he often ______ money to the poor.A. will giveB. was givingC. givesD. gave4. ----Can your father drive?----Yes, and he ______ to work every day.A. is drivingB. droveC. drivesD. has driven5. This girl is ready to help people any time. When she is on the bus, she alwaysher seat to someone in need.A. givesB. giveC. gaveD. giving6. If it ________ this Saturday, we ________ for a picnic.A. won’t rain; shall goB. doesn’t rain; will goC. isn’t rain; goD. doesn’t rain; goPart 2一般过去时用法1.过去某段时间习惯性或经常性的动作或状态表示在过去的很长一段时间内的行惯性或经常发生的动作或状态，现在已经没有了。

这个动作可以日常发生的事情，也可以是一种习惯、一个爱好，还可以是一个人的职业、性格、能力。

常与表示过去的时间连用，如last year, some years ago等以及由when等引导的时间状语从句。

例句：When I was in the countryside, I often called on my old friends.I usually went to the cinema with Lily some years ago.She used to go for a walk after supper, but now she prefers to stay at home.（used to 表示过去常常做某事）2.过去某个特定时间发生的一个动作、存在的状态或一系列的动作例句：Tom didn’t come to class yesterday.We went to dance last night.I finished work, walked to the beach, and found a nice place to swim.3. 代替过去将来时在时间、条件、让步状语从句中，常用一般过去时代替过去将来时。

例句：They said they would let us know if they heard any news about him.He promised that when he went to the bookstore, he would buy me a book. They told us that they would not leave until she came back.let sb. do sth.buy sb. sth./buy sth for sb.基本构成1. Be动词肯定句：主语+Be（was/were）+其它否定句：主语+Be（was/were）+ not +其它一般疑问句：Be（was/were）+主语+其它例句：He was a worker two years ago.He was not a worker two years ago.Was he a worker two years ago.2. 一般行为动词肯定句：主语+动词过去式+其它否定句：主语+didn’t+do+其它一般疑问句：Did+主语+do+其它例句：I often played football when I was a child.I did n’t often play football when I was a child.Did you often play football when you were a child?（注意人称和相应谓语动词的变化）Yes, I did./No, I didn’t.3. There be（was/were）句型否定句：there be（was/were）+not+其它一般疑问句：be（was/were）there+其它There was one book and ten schoolbags on the desk last night. There were ten schoolbags and one book on the desk last night. There was n’t one book on the desk last night.Was there a book on the desk last night?动词过去式的变化规律动词过去式的变化规律闭音节：单个元音字母后面有辅音字母（r 除外）且以辅音字母结尾的重读音节，就是一个辅音、一个元音字母后跟一个辅音字母的单词。