定语从句(二)
定语从句（二）
【考点直击】
1.关系词的基本用法
2.关系词的区别
一．关系代词的用法
1.that/which 的用法：
The trees that/which are behind the school have lost their leaves.
All my classmates enjoyed the cake that/which I made.
I like guys that have good sense of humor.
He is no longer the boy that he used to be.
2.who/whom 的用法:
The boy who is smiling is Tom.
The boy who/whom you just have seen is our monitor.
I am talking about friends with whom you can share everything.
3.whose 的用法：
He has a daughter whose hair is yellow
She has a brother whose name is Jack.
He lives in a room whose window faces north.
二．关系副词的用法：
1.Where:
The university where he studied is in Shenzhen.
The city where he lives is Shenzhen.
2. when:
I enjoyed the evenings when we talked with each other.
I never forget the days when we stayed with each other.
3.Why:
The reason why he is late for school is unclear.
This is the reason why I choose to study abroad.
【重点突破】
1.that 和which
以下情况，引导词用that，不用which。
（1）先行词为不定代词everything，something, nothing, anything。如：
I will tell anything that I have heard。
（2）先行词由few, little，much，all，only, the very等修饰时，常用关系代词that来引导定语从句。如：
The only thing that matters is to find our way home.
（3）先行词前有形容词最高级、序数词修饰时，用关系代词that引导定语从句。如：
The first thing that we should do is to work out a plan.
（4）先行词同时指人和物时，用that。如：
We talked about the things and persons that we saw then.
（5）当先行词前面有who, which等疑问代词时用that。如：
Which is the dictionary that you want?
2.who的特殊情况：
（1）先行词是all, everyone, one, ones, anyone且做主语时, 用who Anyone who breaks the law should be punished.
One who has nothing to fear for oneself dares to tell the truth.
Everybody who were willing to see the film signed their names here. （2）先行词是those时, 用who.
Those who want to see the film sign up here.
3.as vs which
(1) 当句子中有so ...as; such...as; the same...as等结构，引导词只能用as，如：She is so nice a girl as we all like.
It is such an interesting book as we all want to read.
(2) 从句的谓语动词常为系动词，即：系表结构或被动结构中用as。如：As you expected, he turned up on time.
As is said above, he has conquered the difficulty.
(3) 当非限制性定语从句放到主句的前面时，引导词只能用as，如：
As is planned, we got there before eight.
(4) As引导的非限制性定语从句指表示积极的意义，与主句是顺理成章的关系，绝不能与之矛盾。若非限制性定语从句表示一种消极的意义，则只用which。如：
He has succeeded in his career, as we all hope.
Her grandma died last week, which made her very sad.
(5) as常用于一些固定结构中。如：
as is well known / as we all know (众所周知)；as is said above (正如上面所说)；as might be imagined (正像所想象的那样)；as is reported (如报道所说)；as is expected （正如所料）
专项习题
（一）单项填空
1. Who is the woman is sweeping the floor over there?
A. who
B. /
C. that
D. when
2. The doctor is leaving for Africa next month.
A. the nurse is talking to him
B. whom the nurse is talking
C. the nurse is talking to
D. who the nurse is talking
3. He talked about a hero no one had ever heard.
A. of whom
B. from whom
C. about that
D. who
4. Have you read the book I lent to you?
A. that
B. whom
C. when
D. whose
5. American women usually identify their best friend as someone ______ they can talk frequently.
A. who
B. as
C. about which
D. with whom
6. Recently I bought a second-hand car was very low.
A. which price
B. the price of whose
C. its price
D. whose price
7. Lily, is Helen ______ you want to introduce me to?
A. that
B. who
C. whom
D. the girl
8. The professors talked with us about the beautiful schools and the experienced teachers ______ they had seen.
A. that
B. who
C. which
D. what
9. This is the only bus ______ goes to the village school.
A. /
B. that
C. where
D. it
10. Is there a shop around _______sells China Daily?
A. who
B. where
C. in which
D. which
11. She was the only one of the girls in our class _______ accepted as
candidate for the president of our Students’ Union.
A. who was
B. who were
C. who has been
D. who have been
12. She is no longer the sweet little girl ______ she used to be.
A. what
B. who
C. when
D. that
13. Is this singer ______ songs you like best?
A. who’s
B. whose
C. which D the one whose
14. He got angry with _____ was against his opinion.
A. who
B. whomever
C. whoever
D. no matter who
15. Anyone _____with what I said may raise your hand.
A. which agrees
B. who agree
C. who agrees
D. which agree
16. That’s the dog ______.
A. we’ve been looking after
B. after which we’ve been looking
C. what we’ve been looking after
D. we’ve been taking care for
17. This is the last time ______ I’ll give you a lesson.
A. when
B. that
C. what
D. as
18. The family _____ I stayed with in Paris are coming to London.
A. whose
B. which
C. what
D. whom
19. This is the very knife ______ I used to cut apples yesterday.
A. that
B. by which
C. which
D. with which
20. China has many rivers, _____ the Yangtze River is the longest..
A. which
B. in which
C. among which
D. one of which
21. The use they are ______ the waste helps to save a lot of money.
A. made of
B. made from
C. making up of
D. making of
22. That tree, the branches ______ are almost bare, is a very old one.
A. whose
B. in which
C. of which
D. of it
23. In the dark street, there wasn’t a single person ______ she could turn
for help.
A. that
B. who
C. from whom
D. to whom
24. What is the way Smith thought of ______ enough money to buy the new house?
A. getting
B. having got
C. being got
D. to get
25. Jack spent as much time as he could ______ over his lessons.
A. going
B. went
C. go
D. to go
26. The freezing point is the temperature ______ water changes into ice.
A. at which
B. on that
C. when
D. of which
27. I am impressed by the fact that he makes good use of every minute
_____ he can spare.
A. that
B. in which
C. in that
D. when
28. This is the last time ______ I will write to you.
A. when
B. that
C. what
D. as
29. I don’t like the way ______ he spoke to me.
A. what
B. by which
C. by that
D. /
30. The train ______ he was traveling was delayed for more than an hour.
A. by which
B. on which
C. for which
D. on that
（二）选择适当的关系代词that, which, who, whom或whose,把下列句子补充完整。
1. Rice is a plant ________ is grown in the south.
2. Those ________ want to go please sign their names here.
3. All ________ glitters is not gold.
4. This is the only way leads to your success.
5. Both the girl and her dog were crossing the street were hit by
a coming car.
6. This is the biggest building ________we have ever built in our school.
7. This is the second school ________ I used to work at, and many students there still have contact with me.
8. There is a mountain ________ top is always covered with snow.
9. You can take any seat ________ is free.
10. Could you tell me from _________ you borrowed this book?
（三）改错。
1. Is this museum you visited a few days ago?
2. The girl which is standing next to our teacher is her daughter.
3. He rushed to help the man his car was trapped in the mud.
4. All which is need is supply of oil.
5. This is the best film which I have seen this year.
6. The cake you made it yesterday was very delicious.
7. Do you know the man wrote the letter?
8. Who is the great man who saved my boy?
9. Here are the patients after whom you will look.
10. This is all the money with that he can buy a Christmas present for his mother.
最新英语定语从句专题训练答案
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1.想去博物馆参观的人请在这里签名。 2.那个抢劫了银行的人昨日被警方逮捕了。 3.可惜我想买的那套住房暂不出售。 4.刚才和你握手的中年人是新来的校长。 5.在战争中失去左腿的英雄收到很好的照顾。 6.这个江南小镇是他们在中国逗留期间参观的第一个地方。 7.这是过去两年里她看到的唯一一部电影。 8.这是世界上迄今为止建的最高的一座电视塔。 9.他们见面时谈起了能够想起的人和事。 10.我想说的就是我们不能迟到。 11.他们建议在曾租过的旅馆里过夜。 12.正如按所预期的那样，飞船按计划成功地进入太空。 13.我曾在那里长大的小渔村在现在已变成一个繁忙的港口。 14.你能告诉我不请假就离开学校的理由吗？ 15.你还记得中国人民英勇地与ＳＡＲＳ作斗争的那些日子吗？ 16.我非常喜欢在山里度假，那儿宁静而美丽。 17.他写了一本书，但书名我彻底给忘了。 18.他度过了一个绝妙夏日，此间他参加了我们的夏令营。 19.我们很高兴地要见到新来的地理老师，我知道他刚从美国回来。 20.因为缺少实践，他没有通过驾驶考试。 21.为追求时尚付出高昂代价的人应该尽早改变这种生活方式。
1.想去博物馆参观的人请在这里签名。 Those who want to visit the museum please sign your names here. 2.那个抢劫了银行的人昨日被警方逮捕了。 The man who had robbed the bank was captured/arrested by the police. 3.可惜我想买的那套住房暂不出售。 It is a pity that the apartment/flat(which/that) I would like to buy is not for sale for the time being. 4.刚才和你握手的中年人是新来的校长。 The middle-aged man with whom you shook hands/ whom you shood hands with just now is a new headmaster/principal. 5.在战争中失去左腿的英雄收到很好的照顾。 The hero who had lost his left leg in the war is taken good care of. 6.这个江南小镇是他们在中国逗留期间参观的第一个地方。 The small south town was the first place (that) they visited during their stay in China. 7.这是过去两年里她看到的唯一一部电影。 This is the only film that she has seen in the past /last two years. 8.这是世界上迄今为止建的最高的一座电视塔。 This is the highest TV tower that has ever been built in the world. 9.他们见面时谈起了能够想起的人和事。 When they met, they talked of the people and things that they could remember. 10.我想说的就是我们不能迟到。 All that I want to say is that we mustn’t be late. 11.他们建议在曾租过的旅馆里过夜。 They suggested for the night the same hotel as/that they once rented. 12.正如按所预期的那样，飞船按计划成功地进入太空。 As was expected, the spaceship went up into the space successfully as planned. 13.我曾在那里长大的小渔村在现在已变成一个繁忙的港口。 The small fishing village where/ in which I grew up has become a busy port. 14.你能告诉我不请假就离开学校的理由吗？ Can you tell me why you left the school without asking for leave? 15.你还记得中国人民英勇地与ＳＡＲＳ作斗争的那些日子吗？ Do you still remember the days when the Chinese people fought bravely against SARS? 16.我非常喜欢在山里度假，那儿宁静而美丽。 I’d love to take my vacation/spend my holiday in the mountain, which is quiet and beautiful. 17.他写了一本书，但书名我彻底给忘了。 He has written a book, the name of which I have completely forgotten. 18.他度过了一个绝妙夏日，此间他参加了我们的夏令营。 He spent a wonderful summer, during which he joined us in the camping trip. 19.我们很高兴地要见到新来的地理老师，我知道他刚从美国回来。 We are happy to see a new geography teacher, who I know has just returned from the US. 20.因为缺少实践，他没有通过驾驶考试。 The reason why he didn’t pass the driving test was that he lacked practice. 21.为追求时尚付出高昂代价的人应该尽早改变这种生活方式。 Those who follow the fashion at great cost should change their lifestyle as soon as possible.
初中英语定语从句专项练习题与答案详解(第2套
初中英语定语从句专项练习题与答案详解(第2套) 1.The place _______interested me most was the Children's Palace. A. Which B. where C. what D. in which 2.Do you know the man _______? A. whom I spoke B. to who spoke C. I spoke to D. that I spoke 3.This is the hotel _______last month. A. which they stayed B. at that they stayed C. where they stayed at D. where they stayed 4.Do you know the year ______the Chinese Communist Party was founded? A. which B. that C. when D. on which 5.That is the day ______I'll never forget. A. which B. on which C. in which D. when 6.The factory ______we'll visit next week is not far from here. A. where B. to which C. which D. in which 7.Great changes have taken place since then in the factory _______we are working. A. where B. that C. which D. there 8.This is one of the best films _______. A. that have been shown this year B. that have shown C. that has been shown this year D. that you talked 9.Can you lend me the book ______the other day? A. about which you talked B. which you talked C. about that you talked D. that you talked 10.The pen ______he is writing is mine. A. with which B. in which C. on which D. by which 11.They arrived at a farmhouse, in front of ______sat a small boy. A. whom B. who C. which D. that 12.The engineer ______my father works is about 50 years old. A. to whom B. on whom C. with which D. with whom 13.It there anyone in your class ______family is in the country? A. who B. who's C. which D. whose 14.I'm interested in ______you have said. A. all that B. all what C. that D. which 15.I want to use the same dictionary ______was used yesterday. A. which B. who C. what D. as 16.He isn't such a man ______he used to be. A. who B. whom C. that D. as 17.He is good at English, ______we all know. A. that B. as C. whom D. what 18.Li Ming, ______to the concert enjoyed it very much. A. I went with B. with whom I went C. with who I went D.I went with h im
定语从句翻译
1.李昂就是那个决心清除社会上所有坏蛋的职业杀手。 Leon was a professional killer who was determined to get rid of all the bad guys in the society. 2.玛蒂尔德就是那个父母都已离世的可怜的小女孩。 Mathilda was a poor little girl whose parents both died. 3.足球是一项培养孩子跟别人合作的团队活动。 Football is a team work that trains children to work with others. 4.你想见的那个人住进了这家宾馆。 The man whom you want to see checked in this hotel. 5.这是我们昨天参观的那家工厂。 This is the factory (which/that ) we visited yesterday. 6.我昨天收到的那封信是我的一个朋友寄来的。 The letter (which/that) I received yesterday was from a friend of mine. 7.他常常回忆起童年在乡下跟爷爷去河边钓鱼的日子。 He often recalls the days of his childhood when he and his grandfather went fishing by the river. 8.这是鲁迅曾经住过的房子。 This is the house where Lu Xun once lived. This is the house in which Lu Xun once lived. This is the house which Lu Xun once lived in. 9.我们不知道他没有来的原因。 We don’t know the reason why he didn’t show up. We don’t know the reason that he didn’t show up. (×) 10.中国政府正在大力发展农业，农业的重要性现在已是人人皆知。 Chinese government is trying to develop agriculture with great efforts, the importance of which is now known to everybody. 11.会议延期了，而这正是我们所希望的。 The meeting was put off, which/as was exactly what we wanted. 12.这是我看过的最好的一部电影。 This is the best film (that) I have ever seen. This is the best film (which) I have ever seen. (×)
定语从句专项练习(附答案)
) 【定语从句专项练习】 1. Last month, part of Southeast Asia was struck by floods, from _____ effects the people are still suffering. A. that B. whose C. those D. what 2. Mark was a student at this university from 1999 to 2003, __________ he studied very hard and was made Chairman of the Students’ Union. A. during which time B. for which time C. during whose time D. by that time 3. I work in a business ______ almost everyone is waiting for a great chance. A. how B. which C. where D. that ; 4. The English play ________ my students acted at the New Year’s party was a great success. A. for which B. at which C. in which D. on which 5. New York, ________ I visited last year, is a nice old city. A. that B. which C. when D. in which 6. I can think of many cases _______students obviously knew a lot of English words and expressions but couldn't write a good essay. A. why B. which C. as D. where 7. George Orwell, ________ was Eric Arthur, wrote many political novels and essays. A. the real name B. what his real name 。
定语从句专项训练
定语从句专项训练 I 选择最佳答案: 1.The silk _______ is made in Hangzhou sells well. A. that B.who C. what D. / 2.The man_______today left this message for you. A.called B.has called C.whom called D.who called 3.Do you live near the building ______colour is yellow? A. that B.which C.whose D. its 4.He helped his father on the farm ______they lived. A. which B.that C.when D. where 5.I’m one of the boys_____never late for school. A.that is B.who is C.who are D.who am 6.All_____should be done has been done. A.what B.which C.that D.whatever 7.Jack told me everything _______he knew about it. A. what B.that C.which D.who 8.My father works in the factory ______this type of truck is made. A.in where B.in which C.from which D.of which 9.The school_______we visited last week was built in 1956. A./ B.where C.that D.both A and C 10.This is one of the best films_______I have ever seen. A.which B.that C.of which D.of that 11.In fact the Swede did not understand the three questions_______were asked in French. A.where B.who C.in which D.which 12.He paid the boy $10 for washing ten windows, most of ______ hadn’t been cleaned for at least a year. A.these B.those C.that D.which 13.His parents wouldn’t let him marry anyone ________family was poor. A.of whom B.whom C.of whose D.whose 14.All_______is needed is a supply of oil. A.the thing B.that C.what D.which 15.In the dark street ,there wasn’t a single person _____she could turn for help. A.that B.who C.from whom D.to whom 16.She heard a terrible noise,______brought her heart into her mouth. A.it B.which C.this D.that II 用适当的关系词填空： 1) I’ll never forget the day on ________ they met for the very first time last summer. 2) This is the place _________ he so often mentioned to me. 3) The only thing ________ interested him was that he could do anything _________ he wanted t o. 4) “What a scientist! What wonderful invention!” he talked excitedly about Bill Gates and his Microsoft Company _________ is now a focus of newspapers and television. 5) He is old, ________ fact is important in this case.
定语从句翻译技巧
定语从句的翻译方法 根据汉语的表达习惯及对原文的忠实度，翻译这类定语从句可以采用以下几种方法1.1前置合译法( 前滚翻)：若定语从句较短，较简单，与名词（先行词）的关系紧密（一般来说，紧密的，为限定性从句；不紧密的，为非限定性从句），限定性定语从句及少部分非限定性从句( 较短且有描述性的非限定)，一般将从句提在先行词之前，译成“。。。的” 1）The action it takes at any moment can’t be predicted,and people find that disturbing. 它在任何一个时刻采取的行动都无法预见，这使人们觉得有些乱。 2）I was, to borrow from John Le Carre, the spy who was to stay out in the cold. 借用的话来说（插入语，作状语，译成汉语时，放在句首），我成了一个被打入冷宫的间谍。 3）There will come a day when people all over the world will live a happy life. 全世界人民过上幸福生活的那一天（终究）是会到来的。 4）The people who worked for him lived in mortal fear of him. 在他手下干活的员工怕他怕得要死。 5)We were most impressed by the fact that even those patients who were not told of their serious ill were quite aware of its potential outcome. 给我们留下极深印象的是：（同位语的翻译）即使那些没有被告知严重病情的病人，对其疾病的潜在后果也是非常清楚的。 6)One explanation for the pig-eating taboo is that pork that is not cooked sufficiently may spread a disease called trichinosis. 对禁食猪肉的一种解释是：如果未被煮透的话，猪肉可能会传播一种叫旋毛虫病的疾病。 7)But even more important, it was the farthest that scientists had been able to look into the past, for what they were seeing were the patterns and structures that existed 15 billion years ago. 但更为重要的是，这是科学家们所能观察到的最遥远的过去的景象，因为他们看到的是150亿年前宇宙云的形状和结构。（98考研）
英语定语从句专项训练100(附答案)
英语定语从句专项训练100(附答案) 一、定语从句 1．–Why are you so worried? -I’ve lost the watch ______ my dad bought me on my birthday. A．what B．who C．whose D．which 【答案】D 【解析】 【分析】 【详解】 句意：——你为什么如此担心？——我把那块我生日时爸爸买给我的手表弄丢了。考查定语从句，先行词是watch表示物，故关系代词只能用which或that；what不引导定语从句；who的先行词是人；whose表示所属；故选D。 2．That was his first invention. It was a machine ________ clothes. A．that used to wash B．which was used to washing C．which got used to washing D．that was used to wash 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】 句意：那是他的第一个发明。那是一台用来洗衣服的机器。本题考查的是be used to do sth. “被用于做某事”的用法，而不是be/get used to doing sth. “习惯于做某事”的用法，排除 B/C；再由That was his first invention.可知，本题是过去时，因此在that引导的定语从句中，应该用一般过去时的被动句。was used to wash被用来洗衣服，语境是：那是一台被用来洗衣服的机器。故选D。 3．The leaders from eight countries attended the Shanghai cooperation organization summit in Qingdao got the welcome of the Chinese people. A．whom B．what C．who D．which 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】 句意：出席上海合作组织青岛峰会的8国领导人受到中国人民的欢迎。考查关系代词辨析。what不是关系词，可排除。whom和who都用于先行词是人时，但whom用作宾语，who用作主语或宾语；which用于先行词是物时。本句先行词The leaders是人，可排除which；关系词在从句中做主语，可排除whom。根据句意结构和语境，可知选C。 4．– Do you like the weekly talk show The Readers on CCTV? –Sure. It’s a great TV program can develop the habit of reading.