华中师范大学357英语翻译基础考研真题及详解【圣才出品】

2010年华中师范大学357英语翻译基础考研真题及详解

I.Translation of terms or phrases(30)

A.Translate the following English terms and phrases into Chinese(15):

CAD

【答案】计算机辅助设计(Computer Aided Design)

GPS

【答案】全球定位系统(Global Position System)

UNESCO

【答案】联合国教科文组织(United Nations Educational，Scientific，and Cultural Organization) TMD

【答案】战区导弹防御系统(Theater Missile Defense)

WHO

【答案】世界卫生组织(World Health Organization)

Desert Storm syndrome

【答案】海湾战争综合症

Group of77

【答案】七十七国集团

Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons

【答案】不扩散核武器条约

bird flu

【答案】禽流感

Paradise Lost

【答案】《失乐园》

Red Star Over China

【答案】《红星照耀中国》

The New York Times

【答案】纽约时报

Lost in Translation

【答案】迷失东京

【答案】舒肤佳

Reuters News Agency

【答案】路透社

B.Translate the following Chinese terms and phrases into English(15)：民盟

【答案】China Democratic League

国家计委

【答案】SDPC(State Development Planning Commission)

民革

【答案】Chinese Civil Revolution

南航

【答案】China Southern Airlines

非物质文化遗产

【答案】intangible cultural heritage

个体工商户

【答案】Individual Business;privately or individually-owned business

苏州古典园林

【答案】Classical Gardens of Suzhou

农村合作医疗

【答案】rural cooperative medical service

五代十国

【答案】the period of five Dynasties and Ten Reigns

鸦片战争

【答案】The Opium War

社会保障体系

【答案】social security system

涉外经济体制

【答案】regulatory mechanism governing external economic relations 综合国力

【答案】comprehensive national strength

基础群众自治制度

【答案】the system of community-level self-governance

限价商品房

【答案】commercial housing with price ceilings

II.English-Chinese Translation(60)

Passage One(30)

No one doubts that the words we write or speak are an expression of our inner thoughts and personalities.But beyond the meaningful content of language,a wealth of unique insights into an author’s mind is hidden in the style of a text-in such elements as how often certain words and word categories are used,regardless of context.

It is how an author expresses his or her thoughts that reveals character,asserts social psychologist James W.Pennebaker of the University of Texas at Austin.When people try to present themselves a certain way,they tend to select what they think are appropriate nouns and verbs,but they are unlikely to control their use of articles and pronouns.These small words create the style of a text,which is less subject to conscious manipulation.

Pennebaker’s statistical analyses have shown that these small words may hint at the healing progress of patients and give us insight into the personalities and changing ideas of public figures, from political candidates to terrorists.“Virtually no one in psychology has realized that low-level words can give clues to large-scale behaviors,”says Pennebaker,who,with colleagues,developed a computer program that analyzes text,called Linguistic Inquiry and Word Count(LIWC, pronounced“Luke”).

【参考译文】

我们写或说的话是我们内心的想法和个性的表达，这一点是毋庸置疑的。但是，除了语言的有意义的内涵之外，作者的想法和独特见解也隐藏在文本的风格中，比如在不考虑上下文语境的情况下某些词和词类别的使用频率。

德克萨斯大学奥斯汀分校社会心理学家詹姆斯·W·潘尼贝克断言，这就是作者用来表达能够展现其性格的思想的方式。当人们想用一种特定的方式来展现自己时，他们倾向于选择他们所认为的正确的名词和动词，但是他们不可能控制自己对冠词和代词的使用。这些用处不大的小字眼构成了文章的风格，而且并不受限于有意识行为的操纵。

潘尼贝克的数据分析表明这些用处不大的小字眼可能暗示了病人的康复过程并让我们了解到公众人物从政治候选人到恐怖分子的个性和想法的变化。他说，在心理学中，几乎没有人意识到，低级的语言可以给大规模的行为提供线索。他和同事们开发了一种分析文本的计算机程序，被称为语言查询和单词计数（LIWC，发音为卢克）。

Passage Two(30)

Springs are not always the same.In some years,April bursts upon our Virginia hills in one prodigious leapand all the stage is filled at once,whole choruses of tulips,arabesques of forsythia, cadenzas of flowering plum.The trees grow leaves overnight.

In other years,spring tiptoes in.It pauses,overcome by shyness,like my grandchild at the door,peeping in,ducking out of sight,giggling in the hallway.“I know you’re out there，”I cry.