虚拟语气的几种常见句式 Ex.

虚拟语气的几种常见句式

1. wish后的宾语从句

表示现在不能实现的愿望,从句的谓语用过去式;表示过去未能实现的愿望,从句的谓语用had + 过去分词;表示将来不太可能实现的愿望,从句的谓语用would + 动词原形。如:

I wish I knew the answer to the question.

我真希望知道这个问题的答案。

(事实上不知道)

I wish I had not wasted so much time.

我真希望没有浪费这么多时间。

(事实是已经浪费了)

I wish you would go with us tomorrow.

但愿你明天跟我们一起去。

(你去的可能性不大)

2. as if 或as though引导的表语从句和状语从句

表示与现在事实相反,从句的谓语用过去式;表示与过去事实相反,用had +过去分词;表示与将来事实可能相反,用would + 动词原形。如:

She looks as if she were sick.

她看起来像病了似的。(其实没病)

He looks as if nothing had happened to him.

他看上去好像什么事都没发生似的。

(事实是出问题了)

He talks about the book as if he had written it.

他说起那本书来就好像是他写的。

(书不是他写的)

如果as if / as though引导的从句所表述的内容与事实相符,应用陈述语气。如:

It looks as if our team is going to win.

看来我们队要赢了。

(场上情况表明有可能)

3. if only后的句子

表示现在没有实现的愿望,动词用过去式;表示过去没有实现的愿望,动词用had+过去分词；表示与将来事实可能相反的假设,谓语动词使用would+动词原形，could+动词原形或虚拟语气过去时,常译为“要是……就好了”。如:

If only I could learn English well in one day.

要是能在一天内把英语学好就好了。

(事实上做不到)

If only I had not been late for the interview.

要是我面试没迟到就好了。(事实上迟了)

If only Simon would reply to my letter.

要是西蒙能给我回信就好了。

(事实上不会回信)

4. would rather后的从句

表示现在的愿望,动词用过去式;表示过去的愿望,动词用had + 过去分词。

I would rather she were not present.

我宁可她不在场。 (事实是她在场)

I would rather he had told me the truth.

我宁可他告诉我事实真相。

(事实是他没告诉我事实真相)

5. It is (about / high) time后的定语从句

表示该做某事而没做,从句谓语用过去式。

It is time that we went home.

我们该回家了。(实际没走)

It is high time that you went to bed.

你早该睡觉了。

6. advise， suggest， order， require， command， demand， desire， propose， insist， request 等后的宾语从句常用虚拟语气,从句谓语动词用should+动词原形,should常被省略。

He proposes that we(should) discuss the problem further.

他建议我们进一步讨论那个问题。

强化训练：虚拟语气

1．Were it not for the snowy weather, we all right.

A. would be

B. would have been

C. were

D. may be

2. more careful, his ship would not have sunk.

A. If the captain were

B. Had the captain been

C. Should the captain be

D. If the captain would have been

3. If he me tomorrow, I would let him know.

A. should call

B. should not have been able

C. were not able

D. are not able

4. If you asked your father you permission.

A. may get

B. might get

C. should have called

D. maybe get

5. today, he would get there by Friday.

A. Would he leave

B. Was he leaving

C. Were he to leave

D. If he leaves

6. ______I you, I would go with him to the party.

A. Was

B. Had been

C. Will be

D. Were

7.The millions of calculations involved, had they been done by hand, ______all practical value by the time they were finished.

A. could lose

B. would have lost

C. might lose

D. ought to have lost

8. Had Paul received six more votes in the last election, he our chairman now.

A. must have been

B. would have been

C. were

D. would be

9. If you Jerry Brown until recently, you’d think the photograph on the right was strange.

A. shouldn’t contact

B. didn’t contact

C. weren’t to contact

D. hadn’t contacted

10. he English examination I would have gone to the concert last Sunday