小学牛津英语5A语法归纳

五年级英语语法总结
一．1.there be 句型表示“某处有某物”。

be动词要根据“物”的单复数变化：单数is，复数are, 不可数名词用is.
例：There is a book on the desk.
There are some books on the desk.
There is some orange juice in the glass.
be 句型变一般疑问句时, be动词提前, some 变为any。

例：Is there a book on the desk Yes, there is.
Are there any books on the desk No, there aren’t.
Is there any orange juice in the glass Yes, there is.
3. 就近原则：be动词根据离它最近名词单复数选择is或 are。

例：There is a swing and two slides in the garden.
There are two slides and a swing in the garden.
4.某处没有某物
例：There is no bread on the plate.
There isn’t any bread on the plate.
There aren’t any pictures on the plate.
二．have, has表示“某人有某物”
1.have用于I, we, you, they或复数人称：
I/We/You/They/Ben and Mike have a table.
2.has 用于第三人称单数（ he, she, it，单数人称）
He/She/My father has a bike.
3.疑问句：What do you have I have a doll.
What does he have He has a book..
三．how many (多少)后的可数名词要用复数。

How many buses are there There are twenty.四．介词归类
in on under behind near
在…里面在…上面在…下面在…后面在…旁边
五．疑问词归类
what where when which why
什么哪里什么时间哪一个为什么
who who’s whose how how old
谁是谁谁的怎么样多大
how many how much how about what time
多少多少（钱）…怎么样几点
六．星期归类
Sunday Monday Tuesday Wednesday
星期天星期一星期二星期三
Thursday Friday Saturday
星期四星期五星期六
在星期几前用介词on
I make model planes on Sunday.
七．like + 名词复数 I like toy horses.
like + 动词ing (V-ing) I like cooking.
八．现在进行时：表示正在进行的动作。

构成：be动词（am/is/are）+V-ing
如变一般疑问句, be动词提前, 见到“我”变成“你”（I变you，we 变you）例： I am standing.→Are you standing Yes, I am.
He is sitting.→Is he sitting No, he isn’t.
We are running.→Are you running Yes, we are.
动词V + ing 的构成规则
1.一般情况下加ing: sleeping, playing, doing
2.一个元音+ 一个辅音结尾的词，双写这一辅音字母再加ing: running, sitting,
swimming
3.以不发音的e结尾的动词，去e加ing：have→having, write→writing, live→living,
like→liking, dance→dancing
九．do, does 都有“做”的意思，用在有动词的句子里，它们的用法区别如下：
1. does 用于第三人称单数（he, she, it, 单数人称）
What does he have He has a pot.
Does Mike go to school Yes, he does.
2. do用于其他人称（I, we, you, they, 复数人称）
How many blankets do you have I have two.
Do they like football No, they don’t.
十．代词
1.动词后用宾格: She can see me. Ms Wu teaches us English.
2.形容词性物主代词+名词: This is my book. Her pen is on the desk.
3.名词性物主代词后什么都不加: This book is mine. The pen on the desk is hers.
十一.开音节和闭音节
1.开音节有两种：①以元音字母结尾的音节叫开音节。

例：we, she, go
②以辅音字母+不发音的e结尾（r除外）的音节，也叫开音节。

例：name, white, driver,
baker等。

元音字母在开音节中读该字母的名称音：a/ /, e/ /, i/ /, o/ /, u/ /
2.闭音节：以一个或几个辅音字母（r除外）结尾的重读音节叫闭音节。

例：map, desk,
sit, clock, cup等。

元音字母在闭音节中读短音：a/ /,e/ /, i/ /, o/ /, u/ /.
①在开音节中读/ /: bookcase, baseball, late, make, plane
②在闭音节中读/ /:bag, cap, tap, happy, hat, black
③在辅音字母f, n, s前一般发/ /:after, basketball, class
e①在开音节中读/ /:evening, see, me
②在闭音节中读/ /:desk, dress, egg, help
i①在开音节中读/ /:bike, hide, nine
②在闭音节中读/ /:big, chips, ill, in
o①在开音节中读/ /:close, hello, over, nose
②在闭音节中读/ /:on, job, hot, dog。