非谓语动词独立主格

B）.如果状语从句的主语与主句主语相同， 则去掉从 句主语； 不相同， 则保留从句主语（亦称独立主格结构） C）. 再将原状语从句的谓语动词变成—ing 形式，
注意：若主句动词为现在时，而状语从句的动词为过
去时，那么为了表示状语从句的动作时间早于主句的动 词，则变分词短语是应改为完成式。
转换练习： 1.状语从句主语与主句主语相同。（逆向法：即分词的 逻辑主语就是主句的主语） 1). After I had heard from my brother , I felt much happy Having heard from my brother, I felt much relieved. 2). As he is ill , he can’t attend the meeting. Being ill, he can’t attend the meeting. 3). When he was buying the books, he met an old friend. .Buying the book, he met an old friend 4). Because he has been praised too much, he becomes too proud. Having been praised too much, he becomes too proud.
The boy sitting near the window was good at playing football.
C) We see the stream which rises from the hole. We see the stream rising from the hole.
方法（二）：由状语从句改为分词短语的方法。 A）. 先将引导状语从句的连接词去掉。
非谓语动词，意思就是不能在句中充 当谓语。但是，作为一个动词，它还是有个动 作的执行者（主动关系）或承受者（被动关 系），我们将之称为其“逻辑主语”。
下面的练习要求是 ： A:指出其在句中所作的成分； B： 找非谓语的逻辑主语，指出主 语与该动词是主动还是被动； C: 指出非谓语的动作是发生在主句 谓语之前还是之后；
B). Lessons which are learned easily are soon forgotten Lessons learned easily are soon forgotten C). The dog which was beaten yesterday is dead.
The dog beaten yesterday is dead.
2、将下列含分词短语的句子改为复合句或并列句。 ① Seeing from the mountain, I find our school is beautiful.(when) When I See from the mountain, I find our school is beautiful. ② He told me he would stand by the roadside, watching the parade.(and) He told me he would stand by the roadside and watch the parade . ③ Judged from what he said, he is a teacher. If he is Judged from what he said, he is a teacher. ④ The children went home after class, singing and laughing. The children went home after class and sang
⑧ Because he had seen the film before, he went out of the cinema. Having seen the film before, he went out of the cinema. ⑨ When our school is seen from the mountain. Our school is beautiful. Seen from the mountain,Our school is beautiful. ⑩ The man rose from the ground and beat the dust off his clothes. The man rose from the ground , beating the dust off his clothes.
2. 前后主语不相同。（逆向法：即分词的逻辑主语就 是原状语从句的主语） 1）.After the sun had set, we arrived at the station. The sun having set, we arrived at the station. 2）.When school was over ，the boys went home. School being over , the boys went home. 3）. As his homework has been done, the boys went home. His homework having been done , the boys went home. 4）. If the weather permits, we’ll go to the Great Wall. The weather permitting, we’ll go to the Great Wall.
3. 注意。 1）. Because his lovely dog was dead, little boy is very upset. His lovely dog having been dead, little boy is very upset. 2）. As he was idle in his youth, he has to work hard in his old age. having been idle in his youth, he has to work hard in his old age. 3）. After Байду номын сангаасew teaching building was finished, students study in the new classroom now. New teaching building having been finished, students study in the new classroom now.
三、
连接词+分词：（此类句型实际上是将从属连词when ,
while, though, as 等引导的从句省略了相同的主语及be 动词变化而来的 ） 转换练习： 1. While he was fighting in Korea, he was taken prisoner. While fighting in Korea, he was taken prisoner. 2. When the drug is taken according to its introductions, the drug has no neglect effect. When taken according to its introductions, the drug has no neglect effect.
五、巩固练习： 1、将下列复合句或并列句改为含分词短语的句子 ① When he left the classroom, he didn’t say goodbye to me. When leaving the classroom, he didn’t say goodbye to me. ② Because he is ill, he can’t attend the meeting. Being ill, he can’t attend the meeting ③ The teacher is teaching in the classroom. Jim and Tom are playing games. The teacher teaching in the classroom,Jim and Tom are playing games. ④ The boys who swam in the river were in danger. The boys swimming in the river were in danger
方法(三)：并列句改为分词短语的方法：
转换练习： 1. 并列句主语相同时，保留一个主语。 1).My train starts at 12 and will arrived in Wuhan at 3. My train starts at 12 , arriving in Wuhan at 3. 2) . She alone stayed at home and did her homework She alone stayed at home, doing her homework.
⑤ The policeman saw the thief who was stealing a bike. The policeman saw the thief stealing a bike ⑥ This is one of the houses that were built last year. This is one of the houses built last year. ⑦ The professor came into the classroom. He was followed by some teachers. The professor came into the classroom, followed by some teachers.
1. Having realized that I could use kite to attract the lightning, I decided to do the experiment. 主动 2. all the boys and girls went out of their classroom, singing and jumping. 主动 3. The boys swimming in the sea were in danger. 主动 4. They hearing the news, their tears came down their cheek. 主动 5. When taken following its directions, the drug has no neglect effect 被动
从一般句子转换为含非谓语部分的句子 方法（1）：由定语从句改为分词短语的方法 若关系词之后有 be 动词(限be 在结构be+V-ing或 be+V-ed中时),则删去关系代词和be，其它成分不 变。 E.g.. A). Watch the men who are coming this way. Watch the man coming this way.
2. 并列句主语不相同时，两个主语都保留。 如：1. He was reading a book, and his wife was doing housework.. . He was reading a book, his wife doing housework 2. They listened to the moved story about Ren Changxia and tears ran down their cheeks. They listened to the moved story about Ren Changxia, tears running down their cheeks.
2．若关系词之后没有 be 动词,而是一般的动词, 则删去关系词，再将动词改为-ing形式,其它不变。
A). Anyone who wishes to leave early may do so . Anyone wishing to leave early may do so .
B).The boy who sat near the window was good at playing football