人工髋关节不同材料假体对骨界面的应力分布研究

人工髋关节不同材料假体对骨界面的应

力分布研究

（作者： _________ 单位：___________ 邮编：__________ ）

【摘要】通过计算机三维有限元方法，了解在应力状态下不同材料的人工髋关节假体组合对骨界面的应力分布规律，从生物力学角度为人工髋关节的临床应用和设计制造提供有益的参考。［方法］采用三维有限元法对全髋置换前后进行单髋站立生物力学测试，分析假体植入前后股骨和髋臼总体的应力模式和植入后各种组合的假体对骨界面的应力分布规律。［结果］1、各种假体置换后等效应力（von Mises ）峰值均位于假体远端相应股骨区域，但应力峰值有所下降，以股骨距区下降最为明显，遮挡率最大，而以弹性模量较钛合金低的CFR/PSF 作为柄的股骨的相应区域的遮挡率较低。2、各种组合的假体对股骨

界面的应力从近端至远端均呈逐渐增高趋势，而对于相同的柄比较而言，不管是金属-金属、陶瓷-陶瓷、陶瓷-聚乙烯还是金属-聚乙烯组合，其相应界面应力值无明显差别（P0O5），但以CFR/PSF作为柄对股骨相应界面存在较高的应力。3、置换前在髋臼顶穹部存在较高

应力，并逐渐向周围递减；置换后应力主要集中在髋臼的周边区域，但从髋臼顶部-后下-前下呈逐渐递减趋势；而在相同区域的不同组合其界面应力值无明显差别(P0]05)。[结论]1、各种假体植入后均在股骨距处形成较高的应力遮挡，而用弹性模量较低的CFR/PSF 作为柄，其股骨相应区域的应力遮挡率较低，但股骨相应界面应力较大，而界面应力过大是产生假体微动主要因素。2、股骨界面从近端

至远端呈逐渐增高趋势的应力规律符合该假体的设计原理；相同假体柄的不同组合其股骨和髋臼相应界面应力值无明显差别，实验表明力

学因素并不是选择假体组合的主要标准。

【关键词】髋假体应力物理生物力学有限元

Abstract [ Objective ] To study the stress distributen rule of artificial hip prothesis combined with different materials under the stress condition, with the help of three-dimesional (3D) finite element analysis (FEA) ] [ Methods ] 1_Three-dimesional (3D) finite element analysis was used to test biomechanics of total hip replaceme nt by sin gle pelvic sta nding [ Global stress mode of femur and acetabular of prosthesis impla ntatio n and stress dispositi on of prosthesis exerti on on the bone in terface were also measured _ [Results ] Equivale nt stress peak value all located at the distal end of corresponding femoral bone area after various kinds of prosthetic replacement, but decreased to some extent, most obviously in

the calear femorale, with the maximum dodge rate_ The dodge rate of femur was lower in corresp onding area that used CFR/PSF as handle which elastic modulus was lower than that of

Ti alloy 2 Stress of differe nt kinds of prosthesis in creased gradually on femoral bone in terface from proximal to remote end, but the stress value of corresp onding in terface had no differe nee in the same area with the same material prosthesis(P0 ]05)] The corresp onding in terface showed higher stress whe n use CFR/PSF as han die] 3[ Before the replaceme nt, higher stress force was found in the fornix of acetabular top, and decreased gradually toward around After the replaceme nt, the stress force concentrated in the perimeter area of acetabular, and decreased from top area to poster oin ferior to anteroin ferior [ The stress value

of corresp onding in terface in differe nt comb in ati on in the same area had no differenee (P0[05)] [Conclusion ] 1 It showes a higher stress dodge in the calcar femorale after using various kinds of prosthesis implantation || After using CFR/PSF of lower elastic modulus as han dle, the stress dodge rate is lower in femur, but the in terface stress is higher, and this is the mai n factor and reas on for the prosthesis loosening [ 2] The stress force rule meets the design principle that the stress force decreases gradually in the bone in terface from proximal to distal [ The stress value in differe nt comb in ati on of same