旁肌间隙手术入路的解剖与临床研究

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腰椎椎旁肌间隙手术入路的解剖与临床研究

陈宣煌许卫红胡建伟陈荣生李贵双张怀志郑祖高

[摘要] 目的 观测腰背部椎旁肌间隙入路局部解剖结构,指导临床应用并评价疗效。方法 解剖研究采用10具成人尸体脊柱标本进行胸腰筋膜、竖脊肌腱膜、最长肌、多裂肌及其支配的神经血管束等结构的观测,分别测量第3~4腰椎、第4~5腰椎、第5腰椎~第1骶椎椎间隙中点水平多裂肌最外缘、多裂肌与椎板汇合点及小关节突外缘至后正中线的距离。临床应用传统开放式入路(A组)和椎旁肌间隙入路(B组)分别行下腰椎后路融合术,每组100例,以临床疗效及腰椎椎旁肌MRI为评判标准。结果 ①竖脊肌腱膜与最长肌及多裂肌表面无粘连,下腰段最长肌与多裂肌间隙的接触面未见神经血管,钝性分离即可顺利暴露上关节突及横突根部,第3~4腰椎、第4~5腰椎、第5腰椎~第1骶椎椎间隙中点水平小关节突外缘、多裂肌最外缘及多裂肌与椎板汇合点至后正中线距离约为2.5~3.0 cm;②按Nakai标准B组临床疗效优于A组,MRI显示多裂肌面积B组较A组无明显萎缩。结论 椎旁肌间隙入路操作简便,可减少椎旁肌的损伤,临床应用效果良好。

腰椎椎旁肌间隙;手术入路;解剖学;临床应用

Anatomical and clinical study of the Wiltse approach to the lumbar spineCHEN Xuan-huang * XU Wei-hongHU Jian-weiCHEN Rong-shengLI Gui-shuangZHANG Huai-zhiZHENG Zu-gao* Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Putian University, Putian 351100, China 

[ Abstract] Objective To observe the relevant surgical anatomy for the Wiltse approach to the lumbar spine and provide a theoretical basis for clinical application. Methods Ten adult cadaver specimens were applied in the anatomy study, the thoracolumbar fascia, erector spinae aponeurosis, longissimus, multifidus muscle and the neurovascular bundle and other disposable were observed, making the appropriate measurement. Application of traditional open approach ( group A) and the paraspinal approach ( group B) were performed under the posterior fusion of the 100 patients separately, and the clinical efficacy and lumbar paraspinal mnuscle MRI show were compared. Results There was no adhesion between the multifidus, longissimus and erector spinae aponeurosis. Special anatomical structure of multifidus and longissimus makes the smooth muscle gap blunt dissection which can be exposed to facet and transverse process. Measuring follow: L3-4, L4-5, L5-S1 intervertebral-gap points and the outer edge of a small facet, the most outer edge of the multifidus muscle and multifidus to the confluence with the lamina after the midline distance, fluctuations in the value of the three 2. 5 - 3.0 cm. According to the standard clinical evaluation of Nakai, the clinical effect in group B was superior to that in group A, and there was no significant difference in multifidus muscle area between the two groups. Conclusions Paraspinal approach is simple, it can reduce the damage of the multifidus and the clinical application is good.

Lumbar paraspinal muscle gap; Surgical approach; Anatomy; Clinical application

10. 3760/cma. j. issn. 1674 -4756. 2012.19. 017

351100福建莆田,莆田学院附属医院骨科(陈宣煌,张怀

志,郑祖高)福建医科大学附属第一医院脊柱外科(许卫红,胡建伟,陈

荣生,李贵双)

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