基础口译1-概要

Example 1
• It is often assumed that the cultures of Canada and the United States are similar, however, there are some important differences that may be difficult to notice for people who come from outside of North America. • Canada and the United States have a similar culture because they share a similar history. Both countries were settled by people from Europe who came to North America looking for a new life. Canadians and Americans both developed an individual-oriented culture because this was needed to survive in a huge, new land. • In addition, many of the early settlers in Canada came from America. In the early years of Canada’s history, American farmers came to Canada to settle on land that was very cheap. With them, they brought their way of thinking and their politics.
Definition
• an extempore oral reproduction in the target language of what is said in the source language • • • • extempore oral target language/TL source language/SL
Time pressure, Quick response No reference books Stage fright, Face the audience
Standards


信 Faithfulness Word for word? 浦东新区的高楼大厦如雨后春笋般崛起。 spring up/mushroom 达 Fluency verbal filers 这个,那个,嗯,呃, so, and 雅 Elegance achievable?
• Strategy:
Focus on the Main Idea Structure/Links between ideas (cause & effect, contrast, transition…) Number the Key Elements(1,2,3……) First/Last Sentence
History
• As a communication tool: the birth of language • As a profession 1919: WWI the Paris Peace Conference CI 1945: WWII the Nuremberg Trials SI • AIIC（国际会议口译员协会） ——Worldwide professional association International organizations (UN, EU…) Government Private sector
• Demonstration!
Introduction to Interpretation
• History • Definition • Category • Process • Feature/Difference • Standards • Requirements/Qualification
• Solidarity – professional conference interpreters are based in different countries, have different languages, and work in different contexts, but share a strong sense of common identity and a strong commitment to uniform worldwide professional standards • Gender balance – more than 60% of conference interpreters are women
INTERPRETATION TRAINING HAS ITS OWN PEDAGOGY
LANGUAGE
LISTENING COMPREHENSION MEMORY TRAINING NOTE TAKING CONSECUTIVE INTERPRETING SIGHT TRANSLATION SIMULTANEOUS

• East China is known for its favorable condition both geographically and ethnically.(民族/人种) One restaurant is packed with diners while the other one is deserted.
Interpreting as a Profession
• Diversity – it is very common for interpreters to come from multicultural families and to have lived in different countries • Mobility – the profession is fundamentally international. It is very common for teams to be recruited from all over the world. This is made possible by unified international standards through AIIC. • Flexibility – it is common for freelance interpreters to work regularly for international organizations, government agencies, and the private market
Categories
• Simultaneous: Booth Whispering Sight
• Consecutive
• Difference?
Process
• Multiple task • Effort models——Daniel Gile • SI =L+M+P+C • CI: Phase one: I=L+M+N+C Phase two: I=Rem+Read+P+C
Meredith. Z 周媛
Today’s Task
• Teaching Planning
Monitor？ Email？
• Introduction to Interpretation
• Memory Training (I)
Teaching Plan
• • • • Brief Introduction Main Content Mode of Teaching Teaching Material：《商务英语口译》 + 软件CISI • Assessment：20% Attendance 1/3 30% Mid-term Exam 50% Final Exam • Schedule • Attendance
• 美加文化相同，其实不然
• 1. 文化相同因为历史相同 来自欧洲 为了生存，于是个人主义 • 2. 加拿大移民来自美国 土地便宜——带来了观念及政治
预期下文会说什么？
Example 2
• In another sense, however, the history of Canada and the United States is quite different. The US became a country after a war of independence with its mother country, Britain. Canada never had to fight for independence from Britain. Instead, Canada quietly became a country nearly 100 years after the US did. This historical difference has caused some small, but important cultural differences between the two countries. • For example, Canada’s founding document, the British North America Act, has as its goal ―peace, order and good government‖, while America’s founding document, the Declaration of Independence, has its goal ―life, liberty and pursuit of happiness‖. This shows that Americans may have a stronger spirit of individualism than Canadians. • In some ways, Canadians are more conservative than Americans. In Canada, the sale of alcohol is controlled more tightly by the government. Guns are also strictly controlled by the government. Canadian government programs are also a bit different from those of the United States. In Canada, health insurance is free. Naturally, programs like this are very expensive, which means that Canadians pay higher taxes. Once again, this shows that there is a stronger feeling for the group, and less for the individual.