合工大企业会计学

2. Why do organisations exist?
2. Why do organisations exist?
• Example question What is the term given to the idea that the combined output of a number of individuals working together will exceed that of the same individuals working separately? A. Sympathy B. Specialization C. Synergy D. Systems thinking
2. The types of stakeholders
• Example question Which one of the following are examples of internal stakeholders? A. Shareholders C. Employees B. Suppliers D. Financiers
3. Underlying assumptions
Going concern: the company is in operation in the foreseeable future. Accruals:Transactions are recorded when revenues are earned or expenses are incurred Matching: revenue earned must be matched against the expenditure incurred in earning it.
企业会计学
杨昌辉
Email:yangchanghui@gmail.com 合肥工业大学会计系
1.什么是会计？ 2.为什么要在非会计学专业开设这门课程？ 2.用什么语言来上这门课？ 3.怎样才能有较好的学习效果？
The purpose and types of business organisations
1. The definition of stakeholders
• Definition Stakeholders are those individuals or groups that, potentially, have an interest in what the organisation does.
Conceptual framework
1. Overview ‐ What is conceptual framework
A set of principles underlying the foundations of standards, itself is not a standard These principles apply when new standards are issued, updated, amended, or when there is no standard. Understanding of this is very important for your future study.
2.Purpose of Financial Reporting‐three types of business entities
3.The Entity Concept Example
• Assume that John decides to open up a gas station and coffee shop. • The gas station made $250,000 in profits, while the coffee shop lost $50,000. • How much money did John make?
2. What is the objective of financial statement
To provide information about the financial position, financial performance and changes in financial position of an entity that is useful to a wide range of users in making economic decisions.
2. The types of stakeholders
2. The types of stakeholders
• Primary and secondary Primary stakeholders are stakeholders who have a contractual relationship with the organisation. Secondary stakeholders do not have such a relationship with the company. Primary stakeholders=internal + connected stakeholders Secondary stakeholders=external stakeholders
Seven sections of conceptual framework
.The objective of financial statements .Underlying assumptions .Qualitative characteristics .The elements of financial statements .Recognition of the elements of financial statements .Measurement of the elements of financial statements .Concepts of capital and capital maintenance
1. The definition of organisations
• Example question An organisation is a social arrangement which pursues collective___ which controls its own performance and which has a boundary separating it from its environment. Which of the following words best completes this sentence? A. Profits B. Stakeholders C. Goals D. Tactics
3. Stakeholder interests
The scope and purpose of, financial statements for external reporting
1.Purpose of Financial Reporting
• To provide information about the financial position, financial performance and changes in financial position of an entity that is useful to a wide range of users in making economic decisions
3.The Entity Concept Example
• At a first glance, we would assume that John made $200,000. • However, by applying the business entity concept we realize that the gas station made $250,000 while the coffee shop lost $50,000.
3. The common features of organisations
4. How organisations differ?
5. The types of organisations
5. The types of organisations
5. The types of organisations
1. The definition of organisations
• Definition An organisation is a social arrangement which pursues collective goals, which controls its own performance and which has a boundary separating it from its environment.
4. Qualitative characteristics of financial information
������ Understandability: information should be understandable by users who are assumed to have reasonable knowledge ������ Comparability: for same entities over different periods‐‐ accounting policy consistent. Between different entities — disclosure of accounting policies
Users’ and stakeholders’ needs
1. Users of Financial Reporting
• Shareholders • Investors(potential) • Creditors/lenders • Governments • Customers(B to B) • Public
4.The Entity Concept Exercise
The business entity concept requires that a business is treated as being separated from its owners A.True B. False Answer: A
• Limited companies More money available; Reduced risk; Separation of ownership and control; Flexibility • Unlimited companies
Stakeholders in business organisations
Duties and responsibilities of those charged with governance
1.Duties and responsibilites of those charged with governance
• Corporate Governance: to make sure the directors and oБайду номын сангаасerating systems are in their most efficiency. • Agency Theory: directors' interests are different from shareholders • Stewardship Theory: directors are only steward of shareholders, interests are the same • Stakeholders Theory: companies have responsbilities to all stakeholders • Duties of financial reporting are ultimately with director