人教版八年级下册英语Unit1知识点

Unit1 What's the matter？名词：

matter 问题；事情stomachache 胃痛；腹痛stomach 胃；腹部

foot 脚；足

neck 颈；脖子

throat 咽喉；喉咙

fever 发烧

X-ray X射线；X光toothache 牙痛headache 头痛

break 间歇；休息

passenger 乘客；旅客

trouble 问题；苦恼

knee 膝盖

climber 登山者；攀登者

situation 情况；状况

kilo（=kilometer）千克；公斤

rock 岩石

knife 刀

blood 血

importance 重要性；重要

decision 决定；抉择

spirit 勇气；意志

death 死亡

nurse 护士

动词：

lie 躺；平躺

hurt （使）疼痛；受伤hit （用手或器具）击；打mean 意思是；打算；意欲

形容词：

sick 生病的；有病的sore 疼痛的；酸痛的代词：

herself 她自己ourselves 我们自己介词：

onto 向；朝

兼类词：

rest v&n 放松；休息cough n&v 咳嗽risk n&v 危险；风险；冒险control n&v 限制；约束；管理

off adv&prep 离开（某处）；不工作；从…去掉短语：

have a cold 感冒

have a stomachache 胃痛have a fever 发烧

lie down 躺下

take one's temperature 量体温take breaks=take a break 休息get off 下车get on 上车

to one's surprise 使……惊讶的是right away 立即；马上

get into 陷入；参与

take risks=take a risk 冒险

run out（of）用尽；耗尽

cut off 切除

get out of 离开；从……出来be in control of 掌握；管理give up 放弃

be used to doing sth 习惯于…；适应于…

used to do sth 过去常常做某事

知识点：

1、What's the matter？怎么了？

What's the matter with sb？某人怎么了？

询问某人或周围发生了什么事情

=What's wrong？=What's the trouble/problem？

例：—What's the matter？—I have a cold.

—What's the matter with him/Tom？—He failed the math exam.

2、have + a/an + 疾病名称患……病

have a cold 感冒= get a cold=catch a cold have a cough 咳嗽

have a fever 发烧

have a toothache 牙痛have a headache 头痛have a backache 背痛have a sore throat 喉咙痛have a stomachache 胃痛

He has a cough. 他咳嗽了。

Tina had a fever yesterday. Tina昨天发烧了。

3、sore adj 疼痛的；酸痛的

Mike's legs are sore. Mike的腿疼。

have a sore + 身体部位……疼

have a sore throat 喉咙疼

have a sore back 背疼

have a sore foot 脚疼

Do you have a sore throat？你喉咙疼吗？

4、lie v 躺；平躺

lie down 躺下He lied down and had a rest. 他躺下休息了。

lie in 坐落My hometown lies in a valley. 我的家乡坐落在一个山谷里。

5、take breaks=take a break=have a rest 休息

We should have a rest. 我们应该休息一下。

It's a time to take a break. 该休息了。

6、have a + 名词：

have a look 看一看have a talk 谈一谈

have a rest 休息一下have a walk 散步

Let's have a walk. 我们散步去吧。

7、need to do sth 需要做某事

I need to clean my room. 我需要打扫我的房间。

He needs to do his homework. 他需要做作业。

needn't 不需要

You needn't do that. 你不需要做那些。

8、go to a doctor 去看医生

If you are ill, you should go to（see）a doctor. 如果你生病了，你应该去看医生。

9、get off 下车，从公交车/火车/飞机上下来

They got off the bus and walked away. 他们从公交车上下来走了。

get on 上车

She gets on the plane. 她上飞机了。

10、to one's + 情感名词令某人……的是，使某人感到……的是

to one's surprise 令某人惊讶的是

to one's happiness 令某人高兴的是

To my surprise, they said okay！令我惊讶的是，他们说可以！

To her happiness, all her students passed the exam. 令她高兴的是，她的所有学生都通过了考试。

11、get into trouble 陷入困境

If you don't keep the rules, you will get into trouble. 如果你不遵守规则，你将陷入麻烦。

12、have problems/ trouble（in）doing sth = have problems/trouble with sth 做某事有困难

He has a lot of problems/ trouble in looking after the baby alone at home.

他一个人在家照顾孩子有很大困难。

Mary has problems/trouble with doing homework. 她做作业有困难。

13、动词+ up：

give up 放弃cheer up 振作起来put up 举起

get up 起床

set up 建立grow up 长大stay up 熬夜wake up 醒来look up 查阅pick up 捡起

14、动词+ er/or = 名词，表示从事某种职业的人

climb 爬→climber 登山者work 工作→worker 工人