名词性从句(3)

名词性从句思维导图

1)连接词that 引导名词性从句时，只起连接作用，没有任何意思，也不充当句子成分，在宾语从句中可省略，但引导其他名词性从句时通常不省略。如：

I hope (that) you enjoy your holiday. 希望你假期过得好。

That he likes you is very obvious. 很显然他喜欢你。

2)连接词whether 引导名词性从句也不充当句子成分，但有自己的意思，表示“是否”；引导宾语从句时，可换成if，但引导其他名词性从句时不能换成if。

He asked whether / if I would show him the way. 他问我是否可以给他带路。

Whether it will do us harm remains to be seen. 是否对我们有害还要看一看。(引导主语从句，不能用if 代替whether)

3)连接代词what, whatever; which, whichever; who, whoever; who, whoever等引导名词性从句时，均有各自的意义，在从句中作主语、宾语、定语等。

What we need is a lot of money.我们现在需要的是大量的资金。

Help yourself to whatever you want.尽请随意。

Tell me which one you like best. 告诉我你最喜欢哪一个。

You can take whichever you like best.你可以拿你最喜欢的。

Who will be elected is still unknown.谁将当选仍然不得而知。

Send it to whoever is in charge of sales.把这寄给负责销售的人。

I don’t mind with whom you’d like to share the room.我不介意你很谁同住一屋。

You are free to marry whomever you choose.你看上谁就可和谁结婚。

I don’t care whose car is this. You must be fined. 我不管这辆车是谁的，你必须受罚。

4)连接副词when, where, why, how 等引导名词性从句，也各自有自己的意义，在从句中作状语。如：

When she’ll be back depends much on the weather. 她什么时候回来在很大程度上要看天气。

Where the party is to be held has not been decided.在哪儿举行这次聚会还没定下来。

Why he did it will remain a puzzle forever. 他为什么这样做将永远是一个谜。

The question is how we should carry out the plan. 问题是怎样执行这个计划。

第二课时

1)形式主语it的用法

☞It be + adj. / n. + that-clause

It is obvious that…很明显……

It is necessary that…有必要……

It is important that…重要的是……

It is a pity that…遗憾的是……

☞It be + 过去分词+ that-clause

It is said / reported / announced / believed that…据说/ 据报道/ 据宣布/ 人们认为……

【特别提醒】在“It is / was suggested / advised / ordered / required / requested / demanded / insisted that…”结构中，用“should + 动词原形”表示虚拟语气，其中should可以省略。

It is said that he has set off for Shanghai ( = He is said to have set off for Shanghai.) 据说他已经动身去上海了。

It is announced that the plan has been successfully carried out.据宣布计划已经顺利实施。

It was suggested that we (should) put off the meeting because of emergency.由于紧急情况，有人建议我们推迟会议。

☞It + 不及物动词+ that-clause

It seems that…似乎……

It happens that…碰巧……

It occurred to me that…我突然想到……

【高考链接】

1._______ some people regards as a drawback is seen as a plus by many others. （2010北京）

A. Whether

B. What

C. That

D. How

2.It never occurred to me _____ you could succeed in persuading him to change his mind.（2010陕西）

A. which

B. what

C. that

D. if

3.It is obvious to the students ______ they should get well prepared for their future.（2009天津）

A. as

B. which

C. whether

D. that

4._____ matters most in learning English is enough practice.（2007全国II）

A. What

B. Why

C. Where

D. Which

5.It is uncertain _____ side effect the medicine will bring about, although about two thousand patients have taken it.（2010浙江）

A. that

B. what

C. how

D. whether

6.It is never clear ____ the man hadn’t reported the accident sooner.（2011江苏）

A. that

B. how

C. when

D. why

2.表语从句的用法

1)whether与if引导表语从句的用法

2)why 与 because 的用法区别

两者均可引导表语从句，但前者强调结果，后者强调的原因。如：