动词的ing或ed形式做定语讲解与练习总结
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动词的ing或ed形式做定语讲解与练习--总结
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用作定语时,动词的-ing形式既包括动名词又包括现在分词, 动词的-ed形式仅是动词过去分词。
动词的-ing形式做定语在句中通常有两个位置,如果是单个的动词的-ing形式做定语,常放在被修饰词前做前置定语;如果是动词的-ing形式的短语做定语,常放在被修饰词后做后置定语。如:
1.Heis anattacking player.他是一个攻击型的运动员。(表示运动员的特征)
2.He askedan embarrassing question.他提了一个令人难堪的问题。(表示“令人….”) 3.A little child learning to walk often falls.学走路的小孩常常跌跤。(表示被修饰词的动作或状态,动词短语后置)
4.Do youknow the number ofpeople coming to the party?你知道来参加晚会的人数吗?(表示被修饰词的动作或状态,动词短语后置)ﻫ
1.A young man writing novels 注意:当-ing形式做后置定语时,可以相当于相应的定语从句。如:ﻫ
came to speak to us yesterday.
→A young man who writesnovelscame to speak to us yesterday.ﻫ一位写小说的
2.The girl sittingnext to mewas my cousin.
青年昨天来向我们作报告。ﻫ
→The girl who wassitting next to mewas my cousin.坐在我旁边的姑娘是我表妹。
另外需要注意的是上面做定语的动词-ing形式表示的动作是正在进行的工作或习惯性的动作,如果和主句谓语的动作不能同时发生时,则不能用-ing形式做定语而必须用定语从句形式。如:
昨天来我们学校的那位教授在明天给我们做报告。
3.The professorwho came toour schoolyesterdaywillgiveus a lectur etomorrow.
不正确的表述:The professor comingto our school yesterdaywill giveusa lecture tomorrow.
总结:-ing形式做定语通常从以下三方面考查,即:
1.They set upan operating tableinasma 1)说明被修饰词的性质,特征或用途。如:ﻫ
ll temple.他们将手术台架设在一座小庙里。
2.Hemay be inthereadingroom,for all I know.他说不定在阅览室里。ﻫ3.Ladies andgentlemen, please go and wait in the meetingroom.
女士们先生们,请去会议室等待。
2)与被修饰词为主动关系且表示正在进行的动作或习惯性的动作。如:
1.Therewere about 200 childrenstudyingintheart school.
有大约二百个孩子在这所艺术学校学习。
2.Who isthe woman talkingto our Englishteacher?
正在和我们英语老师谈话的那位妇女是谁?ﻫ
3)有些-ing形式已经转化成形容词,常做定语用来修饰物,表示“令人……”。常用的此类词有:exciti ng,amusing,amazing,astonishing,shocking,puzzling,confusing,
disappointing,discouraging,pleasing,striking,boring,tiring,touching,movin
1.That must have g,ﻫinteresting, satisfying,terrifying, frightening等。如:ﻫ
been a terrifying experience.那准时一段可怕的经历。ﻫ2.The experimentwasana
mazing success.那项试验是一个惊人的成功。ﻫ3.There is a page missing fromthisbook.这本书缺了一页。ﻫ4)有些-ing形式已经转化成名词,常做定语用来修饰物
The scanning electron micrographs 这些电镜扫描照片
ﻫ除了-ing形式能做定语外,如果-ing形式与被修饰词是被动关系,就用它的被动式,即being done. being doing通常表示正在被做,常做后置定语。如:
1.Thetall building being builtnowis ournew school.ﻫ正在被建的高楼是我们的新学校。
2.The question being discussed was presentedby theheadmaster.
正在被讨论的问题是被校长提出的。ﻫ
-ing形式做定语专练
1.Theladysaid she wouldbuyagift forher daughter with the_____.ﻫA.20 dollarsremained B.20 dollarsto remainﻫC.remained 20 dollars D.remaining20dollars.ﻫ2.The wild flowers lookedlike a soft orange blanket ______the desert.
A.covering B.covered C.cover D.to cover
3.I was toldthat there were about 50 foreign students ____Chinese inthe school,most _____ werefromGermany.
A.study;ofwhom B.study;ofthem
C.studying;of them D.studying;of whomﻫ4.Thequestion ______atpresenthassomethingimportant to do with our daily life.ﻫA.tobe discussing B.to discussﻫC.been discussed D.being discussedﻫ5.China is a _____ country ______ tothethirdworld.ﻫA.developed;belongs B.develop ing;belonging
C.developing;belongs D.developed;belongedﻫ6.---Who is the man______tothe teacher?
---Amodel worker_____ our school.
A.talks,visits B.istalking;is visitingﻫC.talking;visiting D.talking;visitedﻫ7.Howmany of us________,say,ameetingthathasnothingto do with us will beinterested in the discussion?ﻫA.attend B.attending C.to attend D.have attendedﻫ8.Theflowers_____ sweet inthe botanic garden attractthe visitors to the beauty of nature.ﻫA.to smell
B.smelling
C.smelt
D.tobe smelt
ﻫ答案:DA D D BC B B
一、动词-ed形式作定语
过去分词作定语往往与被修饰的词靠得很紧, 渐渐地成为一个复合词。这种分词叫分词形容词, 实际上相当于一个单纯的形容词,除表示“已完成”的动作之外,还表示“被动”的意义。如:
spokenEnglish(英语口语);iced beer(冰冻啤酒);cooked food (熟食);