河海大学研究生英语教程1-9部分翻译
2015年河海大学研究生英语一Unit1GhostsforTea(精)
Unit 1 Ghosts for T ea' Ten pence for a view over the bay' . said the old man with the telescope.'Lovely clear morning. Have a look at the old lighthouse and the remains of the great shipwreck of 1935.'“十便士看海湾风光。
”那个带着望远镜的老头说道。
“多么晴朗美丽的早晨。
来看看那古老的灯塔和1935年大海难的遗迹吧!”Ten pence was sheer robbery, but the view was certainly magnificent.十便士是纯粹的抢劫,可是海湾的景色确实壮丽。
Cliffs stretched into the distance, sparkling waves whipped by the wind were unr olling on to the beach, and a few yachts, with creamy-white sails, were curving and do dging gracefully on the sea . Just below, a flock of seagulls were screaming at one ano ther as they twisted and glided over the water. A mile out to sea, the old lighthouse sto od on a stone platform on the rocks, which were being greedily licked by the waves. In no way indeed did I grudge my money. As I directed the telescope towards the light house, the man beside me tapped my wrist.峭壁伸展向远处,海风激起的波浪闪耀着铺展在沙滩上,海面上几艘游艇伴着乳白色风帆优雅地弯成弧形避开。
河海大学研究生英语课文及翻译(重点单词突出显示,特殊单词有注释)Unit 1 Ghosts for Tea
' Ten pence for a view over the bay' . said the old man with the telescope.'Lovely clear morning. Have a look at the old lighthouse and the remains of the great shipwreck o f 1935.'十便士看一次海湾风光,”那个带着一架望远镜的老头说道:“多么晴朗美丽的早晨。
请来看看那古老的灯塔和1935年失事的大轮船残骸吧。
”Ten pence was sheer robbery, but the view was certainly magnificent. 要十便士简直是敲诈勒索,可是海湾的景色确实壮丽。
Cliffs stretched into the distance, sparkling waves whipped by the wind were unrolling on to the b each, and a few yachts, with creamy-white sails, were curving and dodging gracefully on the sea . Just below, a flock of seagulls were screaming at one another as they twisted and glided over the water. A mile out to sea, the old lighthouse stood on a stone platform on the rocks, which were b eing greedily licked by the waves. In no way indeed did I grudge my money. As I directed the teles cope towards the lighthouse, the man beside me tapped my wrist.峭壁向远方伸展,海风激起的阵阵波浪泛着白花,冲上海滩。
河海大学研究生英语课文翻译11、12、13、14、16、17、18、19、20
Unit 11 The IksIks 小部落从前是游牧的猎人,聚居在乌干达北部的山谷中,现在这个部落变得很有名,整体上是灰心沮丧的,残忍冷酷的人类的终极命运的文学象征。
两件确实是灾难的事发生在他们身上:政府决定拥有一个国家公园,所以他们被法律迫使放弃山谷中的打猎生活,在贫瘠的山坡的土壤上变成农民,然后一个讨厌他们,研究他们两年的人类学家写了一本关于他们的书。
这本书的主题是:由于传统文化的废除,IKs变成一群彼此毫无关系,残酷无情,而又绝对令人讨厌的人,他们完全的自私和冷酷。
此外,这些特征正像我们内心的自己,当我们的社会结构完全错乱时,我们也将全部变成Iks。
这篇论文依据某种关于人类本质的设想,这种设想必然是推测而来的。
你不得不预先同意人类从本质上讲是坏的,完全为了他自己,展现出来的例如爱和同情这样的美德仅仅是后天学到的习惯。
如果你采纳这个观点,Iks人的故事便可以证实它。
这些人似乎是一直生活在一起,聚居在拥挤的小村庄,但是他们都是一群真正的独居的无关联的个体,彼此间没有明显的好处。
他们说话,但是只是做一些坏脾气的要求和冷漠的拒绝。
他们不分享。
他们从不唱歌。
他们的孩子一能走路就被打发出去寻找食物,只要有可能他们便抛弃那些老人,使他们饿死,那些寻找食物的孩子从无助的老人口中抢夺食物。
它是一个不友好的社会。
他们养育子女,但是不是出于爱,甚至也不是出于偶尔的关心。
他们在彼此的台阶上随地大小便。
他们观察他们的邻居,以等待不幸的降临,而且只有那时他们才大笑。
在书中,他们经常笑,因为有太多厄运。
好几次,他们甚至嘲笑人类学家,使人类学家发现这种嘲笑尤其令人反感(读者在字里行间发现,学者本身不是这世界上最幸运的人)。
更糟糕的是,他们把他带到家中,抢夺他的食物,在他的台阶上大小便,并且呵斥人类学家。
他们给他糟糕的两年。
它是一本令人沮丧的书。
如果,正像他建议的那样,在我们每个人的心中只有IK人的特性,我们唯一的维系人性的希望,将是不断地修补我们社会的结构,然而我们的社会结构变得如此之快,如此之完全,以至于我们不能及时找到修补社会的方法。
河海大学研究生英语课文及翻译(重...
A man or woman makes direct contact with society in two ways: as a member of some familial, pr ofessional or religious group, or as a member of a crowd. Groups are capable of being as moral a nd intelligent as the individuals who form them; a crowd is chaotic, has no purpose of its own an d is capable of anything except intelligent action and realistic thinking. Assembled in a crowd, peo ple lose their powers of reasoning and their capacity for moral choice. Their suggestibility is incre ased to the point where they cease to have any judgement or will of their own. They become ver y excitable, they lose all sense of individual or collective responsibility, they are subject to sudden excesses of rage, enthusiasm and panic. In a word, a man in a crowd behaves as though he had s wallowed a large dose of some powerful intoxicant. He is a victim of what I have called' herd-pois oning'. Like alcohol, herd- poison is an active, extravagant drug. The crowd-intoxicated individual escapes from responsibility, intelligence and morality into a kind of frantic, animal mindlessness. 一个人通过以下两种方式与社会直接接触:作为某个家庭、职业或宗教组织的成员,或者仅仅是隶属于某个群体。
河海大学研究生英语课文及翻译(重...
A good many technical people become irate when you call a computer a giant brain. They insist t hat a computer does only what thinking humans have planned to have假 it如 d你o. 把计算机称
games intelligently. At the far limit of possibility, they wish to know whether, at least on paper, m achines can reproduce themselves. In other words, are we really certain that a machine can do o nly what its programmer wills it to do? Already there are in existence a number of machines that approach these powers. The simplest type is the computer that understands 许lo多gic杰. 出的人 才在潜心研制从事“非数字”工作的计算机。也就是说,所有的数字输入后,机器能够“以 此为基点继续干下去”。比方说,这些人想看看无生命的装置是否能进行判断、做出选择、 产生思想、伶俐地玩游戏,他们想知道,至少在理论上,机器是否可以再生,再生的可能性
研究生英语综合教程UNIT1课文及翻译(含汉译英英译汉)PDF版
UNIT11. Recently, one of us had the opportunity to speak with a medical student about a research rotation that the student was planning to do. She would be working with Dr. Z, who had given her the project of writing a paper for which he had designed the protocol, collected the data, and compiled the results. The student was to do a literature search and write the first draft of the manuscript. For this she would become first author on the final publication. When concerns were raised about the proposed project, Dr. Z was shocked. "l thought I was doing her a favor," he said innocently, "and besides, I hate writing!"2. Dr. Z is perhaps a bit naive. Certainly, most researchers would know that the student's work would not merit first authorship. They would know that "gift" authorship is not an acceptable research practice. However, an earlier experience in our work makes us wonder. Several years ago, in conjunction with the grant from the Fund for the Improvement of Pott Secondary Education (FIPSE), a team of philosophers and scientists at Dartmouth College 2 ran a University Seminar series for faculty on the topic "Ethical Issues in scientific Research."At one seminar, a senior researcher (let's call him Professor R) argued a similar position to that of Dr. Z. In this case Professor R knew that "gift" authorship, authorship without a significant research contribution, was an unacceptable research practice. However, he had a reason to give authorship to his student.The student had worked for several years on a project suggested by him and the project had yielded to publishable data. Believing that he had a duty to the student to ensure a publication, Professor R had given the student some data that he himself had collected and told the student to write it up. The student had worked hard, he said, albeit on another project, and the student would do the writing. Thus, he reasoned, the authorship was not a "gift."3. These two stories point up a major reason for encouraging courses in research ethics: Good intentions do not necessarily result in ethical decisions. Both of the faculty members in the above scenarios "meant well." In both cases, the faculty members truly believed that what they were doing was morally acceptable. In the first case, Dr. Z's indefensible error was that he was unaware of the conventions of the field.In particular, he seemed blissfully oblivious to the meaning of first authorship. In the second case, Professor R was do ng what he thought best for the student without taking into consideration that moral. ty is a public system and that his actions with regard to a single student have public consequences for the practice of science as a profession.4. Well-meaning scientists, such as those just mentioned, can, with the best of intentions, make unethical decisions. In some cases, such decisions may lead individuals to become embroiled in cases of 1. 最近,我们当中的一员有机会与一名医科学生谈论她正计划要做的一个实验室轮转项目。
河海大学研究生英语教程第五版UU重点课文中英文对照
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Unit1Leabharlann Ghosts forTea
1“Ten pence foraviewover thebay”,said theold manwiththe telescope.“Lovelyclearmorning.Have a lookat the old lighthouse and the remainsof the great shipwreckof 1935.”“十便士看一次海湾风光,”那个带着一架望远镜的老头说道。“多么晴朗美丽的早晨。请来看看那古老的灯塔和1935年失事的大轮船残骸吧。”
5His voice seemed to grow deeperandmoredramatic.他的声音似乎变得更低沉、更富有戏剧性了。
6“Fora wholeweekthat lighthousehadbeenisolatedby storms”, hebegan, “withterrifyingseassurging and crashingovertherocks.Peopleon shorewere anxious about thetwo men working there. They'dbeen on thebest ofterms until two orthreeweeksbefore,when they hadquarreledovercardsin thevillage inn.MartinhadaccusedBlake ofcheating.Blake hadvowedtoavengetheinsulttohis honor.But thanks tothewiseadviceofa mantheybothrespected,theyapologizedtoeachother,andsoonseemed to havegot over theirdisagreement.Butsomeslightresentment andbitternessremained. And it wasfearedthat thestrain of continuedisolationandrough weathermight affecttheirnerves,though,needlessto say, theirfriends hadno idea how serious the consequenceswould be.”“整整一个礼拜,风暴困住了那座灯塔,”他开始说。“咆啸的大海波涛汹涌,海浪拍打着岩石,轰然作响。岸上的人们十分担心在那儿工作的两个人。他们俩是多年的挚友,但在两三个礼拜前,他们在乡村酒店里玩牌时吵了一架。马丁指责布莱克打牌时耍赖,布莱克则发誓要对侮辱他人格的不实之辞进行报复。多亏一位他们俩都尊敬的人好言相劝,他们才互相道了歉,并以乎很快地结束了他们之间的不快。不过各自心里还有些怨恨。因此,人们担心长时间与世隔绝所造成的极度紧张和恶劣的天气会使他们俩神经过敏,尽管不用说,但两人的朋友们根本没意识到后果会有多么严重。”
河海大学研究生英语第三版教案Unit9(精)
Unit 9Pollution is a Dirty WordQuestions1. What is the meaning of pollution?2. Do you know how many forms of pollution existed at present?3. What is the best way to eliminate pollution proposed by the author?What's your viewpoint on this matter?OrganizationLanguage points:1.lousy --- a. very bad or illIf you describe someone as lousy , you mean that they are very bad at something they do.Eg. There can be no argument about how lousy he is at public relations.If you describe something as lousy you mean that it is of very bad quality or that you do not like it.Eg. At Billy's Cafe, the menu is limited and the food is lousy.If you describe the number or amount of something as lousy , you mean it is smaller than you think it should be.Eg. The pay is lousy.If you feel lousy , you feel very ill.Eg. I wasn't actually sick but felt lousy.Lousy with sth/sb--- having more than enough of sth/sbEg. In August the place is lousy with tourist.He is lousy with money.2. fume --- n. smoke, gas or vapor that smells stronglyeg. The air was thick with cigar fumesfume --- v. be very angryeg. By the time we arrived an hour late she was fuming.3. laden ---adj. loaded or weighted(1 If someone or something is laden with a lot of heavy thins, they are holding or carrying them.eg. The following summer the peach tree was laden with fruit.(2 If you describe a person or thing as laden with something,particularly something bad, you mean that they have a lot of it. Eg. We're so laden with guilt.Many of their heavy industries are laden with debt.4. consume ---(1 To consume an amount of fuel, energy, or time means to use it up.Eg. Some of the most efficient refrigerators consume 70 percent less electricity than traditional models.(2 If you consume something, you eat or drink it. Eg. Martha would consume nearlya pound of cheese per day. (3 If a fire consumes a building, it completely destroys it.Eg. …the fire which consumed the dwelling.(4 If a feeling or idea consumes you, it affects you very strongly indeed.Eg. The memories consumed him.5. exhaust --- (1 use sth.up completelyeg. exhaust one's patience, strengthexhaust a money supply(2 make ( a person or an animal very tiredeg. The long cycle ride exhausted her.(3 make sth. empty, take out the contents ofeg. to exhaust a well(4 say, find out, all there is to say about sth.Her book about tulips exhausted the subject.6. wear out ---(1 cause sth to become uselesseg. I wore out two pairs of boots on the walking tour.I have worn out my patience.(2 tire sb.or oneselfeg. Don't wear yourself out by playing too hard.The poor woman had not slept all night and was completely worn out.(3 (of time pass slowly or without interest; spent time usu. Unpleasantlyeg. Winter wears out more slowly every year.He has worn out miserable days with patience.7. unsightly --- adj.not pleasant to look atIf you describe something as unsightly, you mean that it is unattractive to look at.Eg. The Polish market in Berlin was considered unsightly andshut down.*-ly---adj. Kindly, friendly, likely, beastly, silly, manly , costly, lonely, lively, ugly, earthly, monthly, brawly8. dispose of --- (1 get rid of sth. by selling it or giving or throwing it awayeg. While you're cleaning out garage, please dispose of those piles of old newspaper.(2 destroy (an argument or opponenteg. The next speaker quickly disposed of his weak argument. The experienced politician disposed of the attack in a few minutes.It did not take long for the old fighter to dispose of his young but inexperienced opponent.(3 eat or drink sth. until it is finishedeg. Those children certainly disposed of all the food that I prepared for the party.9. grind on --- move slowly but surely forward; advance little by littleeg. The slow methods of the police ground on until thethieves were caught.10. bury oneself in sth.--- involve oneself in, concentrate deeply on sth.eg. In the evenings he buries himself in his books.11. vicious --- spitefulA vicious person or a vicious blow is violent and cruel. Eg. He was a cruel and vicious man.He suffered a vicious attack by a gang of white youths.12. foresight --- ability to see what one's future needs are likely to be; careful planningSomeone's foresight is their ability to see what is likely to happen in the future and to take appropriate action.Eg. They had the foresight to invest in new technology.He was later criticized for his lackof foresight.13. contaminate --- If something is contaminated by dirt, chemicals, or radiation, they make it dirty or harmful. Eg. Have any fish been contaminated in the Arctic Ocean?14. smog ---n.[u] mixture of fog & smokeeg. Smog used to bring London traffic to a standstill.Cf. fog, mist, haze, smogFog, mist and haze are all clouds of water vapor at ground level and above. They indicate different degrees of thickness: fog is the thickest and haze the least thick. Haze also occurs when it is very hot: a heat-haze. Smog is an unhealthy mixture of smoke and fog in the air of some industrial cities.15. sting --- v. feel sharp paineg. My eyes are stinging from the smoke.The blow made his hand sting.16. invaluable --- extremely valuable; of value too high to be measuredeg. Your help has been invaluable to us.17. explode --- (of population increase suddenly or quickly (1If something explodes, it increases suddenly and rapidly in number or intensity.Eg. The population explodes to 40,00 0 during the tourist season.Investment by Japanese firms has exploded.(2If someone explodes, they express strong feelings suddenly and violently.Eg. Do you fear that you'll burst into tears or explode with anger in front of her?(3If someone explodes a theory or myth, they prove that it is wrong or impossible.Eg. Such rumors have only recently been exploded.18. positively -- extremelyeg. He was positively furious when he saw the mess.19. end up--- reach or come to a certain place, state or action esp.by a lengthy route or processeg. After much discussion about holidays abroad we ended up in Canada.20. ingenious --- (of a idea very clever or originalSomething that is ingenious is very clever and involves new ideas, or equipment.eg. Cautier's solution to the puzzle is ingenious.20. scrap ---n. waste or unwanted articles, esp. those still of some value for the material they containeg. A man comes round regularly collecting scrap.Cf. scrape21. come to one's/the rescue--- rescue or help sb.Eg. The international Monetary Fund came to the rescue when Britain was in financial difficulties.Let's not wait for somebody to come to our rescue--- let's build a raft.The dog was chasing our cat when Mary came to the rescue.22 . must --- n. thing that be done, seen heard, etceg. His new novel is a must for all lovers of crime fiction.23.shut down --- (cause a factory, etc to stop working, close eg. They've shut down their factory.The workshop has shut down and the workers are unemployed.24. eliminate --- cf.remove, dismiss, eliminate, expelLet me remove the stones.I think I can remove the stains from your coat.She dismissed the idea.At last he dismissed the cook.--- to dismiss a class--- to eliminate poverty--- to eliminate the losing team from the competition Although he claimed that he had left his job voluntarily, he was actually expelled for misconduct.The student was expelled for cheating.--- to expel a person from a country带否定词缀但不表示否定的词语1. in valuableThank you very much for your invaluable help.Price less---extremely valuableHe has a large priceless collection of paintings.Time less ---lasting foreverI will never forget the timeless beauty of the Great Wall.2. shameless---not feeling suitably ashamed shameful What an immodest and shameless person he is! I thought his behavior shameful. Unloosen loosen He sat down and unloosened his belt. He loosened his collar.3. unsay—take back something that has been said I will never unsay my words. Unlearn---to deliberately forget something you have learned It’s difficult to unlearn bad driving habits. Undress—take the clothes off someone /oneself He undressed the baby and put her in the bath. Unlock--- unfasten the lock of She unlocked the door and then opened it.4. uneasy---troubled or anxious We grew uneasy at their long absence. Unrest--- social and political situation in which people protest and tend to behave violentlyIn the 30’s there wer e hunger marches and signs of unrest among the poor an unemployed. Priceless---very funny You look priceless in those big trousers. Indifferent---having no interest in, neither for nor against, not caring for How can you be so indifferent to the sufferings of these children? Immaterial---not important in a particular situation That’s quite immaterial to me.。
河海大学研究生英语教材unit1
河海大学研究生英语教材unit1As an AI language model, I can help you write a 1000-word article on the topic "Unit 1 of the English textbook for postgraduate students at Hohai University." Please note that I won't be able to replicate the exact format of an English textbook, but I can provide you with relevant information and insights related to the topic. Here's the article:Unit 1: Introducing English Language Learning at Hohai UniversityIntroduction:In Unit 1 of the English textbook designed specifically for postgraduate students at Hohai University, we embark on an exciting journey of English language learning. This unit serves as an introduction to the course, outlining its objectives, resources, and strategies to enhance language proficiency. Understanding the importance of English in an academic and professional setting, this unit aims to equip students with the foundational knowledge needed to succeed in their studies.Section 1: Importance of English in Higher EducationEnglish has emerged as the lingua franca of the academic and professional world, making it crucial for postgraduate students to master the language. In this section, we discuss the significance of English in higher education, including its impact on research, international collaborations, and career prospects. By recognizing the benefits of English proficiency, students are motivated to invest time and effort into their language learning journey.Section 2: Course Objectives and ExpectationsTo ensure clarity and focus throughout the course, this section outlines the specific objectives and expectations for students. By setting clear goals, students can approach their learning with intention and track their progress. The objectives may include developing effective communication skills, expanding vocabulary, improving reading and writing abilities, and enhancing overall language fluency.Section 3: Resources and MaterialsUnit 1 also provides an overview of the diverse resources and materials that students can utilize to enhance their language learning experience. This section may include references to textbooks, online platforms, language laboratories, and language exchange programs. By exploring and utilizing these resources, students can supplement their classroom learning and practice English in various contexts.Section 4: Learning Strategies and TechniquesThis section focuses on introducing effective learning strategies and techniques tailored to postgraduate students. Topics may include time management, note-taking skills, effective reading strategies, and ways to develop listening and speaking proficiency. By incorporating these strategies into their learning routine, students can optimize their language learning process and maximize their potential.Section 5: Assessments and FeedbackUnit 1 concludes by addressing the assessment and feedback mechanisms for the course. Students will receive regular evaluations togauge their progress and identify areas for improvement. Feedback from instructors and peers will provide valuable insights and guidance for further development. This section highlights the importance of active participation, engagement, and utilizing feedback constructively.Conclusion:Unit 1 of the English textbook for postgraduate students at Hohai University emphasizes the importance of English language learning in a higher education context. By setting clear objectives, providing resources and materials, introducing effective learning strategies, and emphasizing assessments and feedback, this unit aims to lay the foundation for a successful language learning journey. As students progress through the course, they will develop the necessary skills and confidence to excel in their academic and professional endeavors.Please note that the article provided is a general example, and specific details and content may vary depending on the actual textbook content. Feel free to add or modify the article as per your requirements.。
河海大学研究生英语教程1-9单元
Unit 1Ghosts for Tea' Ten pence for a view over the bay' . said the old man with the telescope.'Lovely clear morning. Have a look at the old lighthouse and the remains of the great shipwreck of 1935.'Ten pence was sheer robbery, but the view was certainly magnificent.Cliffs stretched into the distance, sparkling waves whipped by the wind were unrolling on to the beach, and a few yachts, with creamy-white sails, were curving and dodging gracefully on the sea . Just below a flock of seagulls were screaming at one another as they twisted and glided over the water. A mile out to sea, the old lighthouse stood on a stone platform on the rocks, which were being greedily licked by the waves. In no way indeed did I grudge my money. As I directed the telescope towards the lighthouse, the man beside me tapped my wrist.' Have you heard about the terrible tragedy that occurred there in that lighthouse?' he asked in a hushed whisper.'I imagine there may be plenty of legends attached to such a dramatic-lookingplace' , I suggested.'It's no legend' , declared the old man. 'My father knew the two men involved.lt all took place fifty years ago to-day. Let me tell you.His voice seemed to grow deeper and more dramatic.'For a whole week that lighthouse had been isolated by storms' , he began, 'with terrifying seas surging and crashing over the rocks. People on shore were anxious about the two men working there. They'd been on the best of terms until two or three weeks before, when they had quarreled over cards in the village inn. Martin had accused Blake of cheating. Blake had vowed to avenge the insult to his honour. But thanks to the wise advice of a man they both respected, they apologised to each other, and soon seemed to have got over their disagreement. But some slight resentment and bitterness remained. and it was feared that the strain of continued isolation and rough weather might affect their nerves, though, needless to say, their friends had no idea how serious the consequences would be.'Fifty years ago tonight, no light appeared in the tower, and only at two o'clock in the morning did the beam suddenly start to flash out its warning again.'The next morning the light was still visible. The storm had almost blown itselfout, so a relief boat set out to investigate. A grim discovery awaited the crew . The men's living-room was in a horrifying state. The table was over-turned: a pack of playing cards was scattered everywhere :bloodstains splashed the floor. The relief men climbed the winding stair to the lantern room and there discoveredMartin's body, crouched beside the burning lamp. He had been stabbed and was dead. Two days later, Blake's body was washed up. scratched, bruised, and terribly injured.' Only then could we really start guessing what had happened. This great tragedy could only have been due to a renewal of their quarrel. Bored and depressed as a result of their isolation, Martin and Blake must have started to play cards. Again suspecting cheating, Martin had accused his former friend of dishonesty; a fight had broken out and Blake had seized his knife. In a fit of madness he had attacked his companion, who had fallen mortally wounded. Then, appalled by what he had done, the loneliness, the battering of wind and waves, Blake had rushed to the parapet and flung himself on to the rocks below, where the sea had claimed him.'But Martin was still alive. Hours later, after darkness had fallen, he had recovered consciousness. He remembered his job of lighting the lamp; suffering intense pain, the poor wretch crawled slowly up the winding staircase, dragginghimself from step to step till he got to the lantern. At his last ' gasp he managed to light this before finally collapsing.'For years afterwards it was said that the lighthouse was haunted, and, owing to these stories, they didn't have any applicants for the job of lighthouse-keeper from among the superstitious local inhabitants. And now they say that on every anniversary of that day, especially when the sea is rough, you can stand in the living-room, hear the cards failing and the sound of angry cries, seethe flash of a blade, and then glimpse a figure rushing to the parapet. And then you hear the slow dragging of a body from step to step towards the room above.'The old man paused and I turned to go.'By the way' , he added, 'have you any free time this afternoon? If so, why don't you have tea in the lighthouse? We are putting on a special boat trip to-day. We're charging a pound. And my brother, who bought the old lighthouse when they built the new one just on the point, can serve very good teas there - included in the price of the boat trip - a bargain, considering the problem of obtaining the food. And if you are at all sensitive to the supernatural, you're likely to have an unusual, perhaps an uncanny experience there.I eyed him appreciatively. 'You're wasting your talents' , I said. 'You should havebeen a fiction writer. ''You don't believe it? exclaimed the old man indignantly.'I'd find it a job,' I answered. ' My father, Henry Cox, started as keeper of that light house fifty- two years ago, and he and Jim Dowley, now retired on a pension, were in charge for ten years. Come and see my dad one day with that tale; he'd enjoy it' .But the old man had already turned his attention to a more likely client.Unit 2Individuals and MassesAldous HuxleyA man or woman makes direct contact with society in two ways: as a member of some familial, professional or religious group, or as a member of a crowd. Groups are capable of being as moral and intelligent as the individuals who form them; a crowd is chaotic, has no purpose of its own and is capable of anything except intelligent action and realistic thinking. Assembled in a crowd, people lose their powers of reasoning and their capacity for moral choice. Their suggestibility is increased to the point where they cease to have any judgement or will of their own.They become very excitable, they lose all sense of individual or collective responsibility, they are subject to sudden excesses of rage, enthusiasm and panic. In a word, a man in a crowd behaves as though he had swallowed a large dose of some powerful intoxicant. He is a victim of what I have called' herd-poisoning' . Like alcohol, herd- poison is an active, extravagant drug. The crowd-intoxicated individual escapes from responsibility, intelligence and morality into a kind of frantic, animal mindlessness.Reading is a private, not a collective activity. The writer speaks only to individuals, sitting by themselves in a state of normal sobriety. The orator speaks to masses of individuals, already well-primed with herd-poison. They are at his mercy and, if he knows his business, he can do what he likes with them.Unlike the masses, intellectuals have a taste for rationality and an interest in facts. Their critical habit of mind makes them resistant to the kind of propaganda that works so well on the majority. Intellectuals are the kind of people who demand evidence and are shocked by logical inconsistencies and fallacies. They regard over-simplification as the original sin of the mind and have no use for the slogans, the unqualified assertions and sweeping generalizations which are the propagandist's stock-in- trade.Philosophy teaches us to feel uncertain about the things that seem to usself-evident. Propaganda, on the other hand, teaches us to accept as self-evident matters about which it would be reasonable to suspend our judgement or to feel doubt. The propagandist must therefore be consistently dogmatic. All his statements are made without qualifications. There are no greys in his picture of the world; every thing is either diabolically black or celestially white. He must never admit that he might be wrong or that people with a different point of view might be even partially right. Opponents should not be argued with; they should be attacked, shouted down, or if they become too much of a nuisance, liquidated.Virtue and intelligence belong to human beings as individuals freely associating with other individuals in small groups. So do sin and stupidity. But the subhuman mindlessness to which the demagogue makes his appeal, the moral imbecility on which he relies when he goads his victims into action, are characteristic not of men and women as individuals, but of men and women in masses. Mindlessness and moral idiocy are not characteristically human attributes; they are symptoms of herd-poisoning. In all the world's higher religions, salvation and enlightenment are for individuals. The kingdom of heaven is within the mind of a person, not within the collective mindlessness of a crowd.In an age of accelerating over-population, of accelerating over-organization and ever more efficient means of mass communication, how can we preserve the integrity and reassert the value of the human individual? This is a question that canstill be asked and perhaps effectively answered. A generation from now it may be too late to find an answer and perhaps impossible, in the stifling collective climate of that future time, even to ask the question.个人以及群体一个人通过以下两种方式与社会直接接触:作为某个家庭、职业或宗教组织的成员,或者仅仅是隶属于某个群体。
2015年 河海大学研究生英语一Unit 9 pollution is a dirty word
Unit 9 pollution is a dirty wordThe earth is our home. We must take care of it, for ourselves and for the next generation. This means preserving the quality of our environment.The importance of this task is stressed by scientists who study the relation of man to nature. These scientists are called ecologists, from the Greek word oikos, which means home. Ecologists are responsible for keeping the land, air, and water clean. "How are we doing?" an ecologist was asked recently. "Lousy" the scientist said, sniffing the fume-laden air. "We've got to do a better job - and soon - or it will be too late."地球是我们的家园。
为了我们自己和下一代,必须照顾好它。
这意味着保护我们的环境质量。
这项任务的重要性是研究人与自然关系的科学家强调的。
这些科学家称为生态学家,来自希腊字Oikos,这意味着家园。
生态学家们负责保持土地,空气,和水的清洁。
”我们该怎么做?”最近生态学家被问到。
“糟糕。
”科学家闻着油烟的空气说。
“我们必须做得更好,不久,或者很快就太晚了。
河海大学研究生英语课文及翻译(重点单词突出显示,特殊单词有注释)Unit 3 On Friendship-推荐下载
出现许多小仪式,并经常与一些个人承诺。
他们可能是孩子们的朋友的父母,邻居家里的客人,一个委员会的成员,从其他城市甚至另一个国家的商业伙伴。
作为进入美国的家里做客的到来,欧洲游客没有发现明显的地标。
气氛是轻松的。
大多数人,老的少的,被称为首先名字。
Who, then, is friend?Even simple translation from one language to another is difficult. " You see." a Frenchman explai ns, "if I were to say to you in France, 'This is my good friend, 'that person would not be as close to me as someone about whom I said only, 'This is my friend. 'Anyone about whom I have to say more is really less. " 使是简单的从一种语言翻译成另一种是困难的,“你看,”法国人解释说,“如果我说你在法国,这是我的好朋友,'这个人不会像我这样的人靠近约人我说的只是,这是我的朋友。
' 关于他我要多说任何人是真的少了。
In France, as in many other European countries, friends generally are of the same sex, and friend ship is seen as basically a relationship between men. Frenchwomen laugh at the idea that "wome n can' t be friends, "but they also admit sometimes that for women "it's a different thing. "And m any French people doubt the possibility of a friendship between a man and a woman. There is als o the kind of relationship within a group -men and women who have worked together for a long time, who may be very close, sharing gre at loyalty and warmth of feeling. They may call one another copains -a word that in English becomes "friends" but has more the feeling of "pals "or "buddies. "In Fren ch eyes this is not friendship, although two members of such a group may well be friends. 在法国,在许多欧洲国家,朋友一般都是同性,友谊是人与人之间的关系基本上是看到。
河海大学研究生英语课文及翻译(重点单词突出显示,特殊单词有注释)Unit 6 How to Read Body Language
心之所向,所向披靡All of us communicate with one another nonverbally, as well as with words. Most of the time we' re not aware that we're doing it . We gesture with eyebrows or a hand, meet someone else's eyes and look away, shift positions in a chair. These actions we assume are random and incidental. But researchers have discovered in recent years that there is a system to them almost as consistent a nd comprehensible as language. 我们所有人都会通过非语言的方式同其他人交流。
虽然很多时候我们并没有觉察到这一点。
我们通过手势和眉毛的变化来做敬礼的姿势,与其他人目光相遇再移开,在椅子上变换位置。
这些行为在我们看来都是随机无意的。
但研究者近年来发现这些肢体动作与语言一样,是一个连续一致且可以理解的系统。
Every culture has its own body language, and children absorb its nuances along with spoken lang uage . A Frenchman talks and moves in French. The way an Englishman crosses his legs is nothing like the way a male American does it. In talking, Americans are apt to end a statement with a dro op of the head or hand, a lowering of the eyelids. They wind up a question with a lift of the hand, a tilt of the chin, or a widening of the eyes. With a future - tense verb they often gesture with a f orward movement. 每种文化都有其独特的肢体语言,法国人以法语的方式来说话和行动。
河海大学研究生学术英语笔记加背诵段落
研一上英语期末复习笔记1961 年9 月23 日,毛泽东会见英国陆军元帅蒙哥马利,其中谈到了接班人的问题。
而在前一天,毛泽东和身边的工作人员就接班人的翻译问题进行了商谈。
毛泽东问英文里继承人是什么,熊向晖答是successor,并在一张纸上写了出来。
毛泽东看后说:“success 这个单词我背过,意思是成功,怎么加上or 就翻译成继承人了?”浦寿昌解释说:“在西方,成功意味着有财产,而财产则存在继承问题,需要指定继承人。
”毛泽东说:“这个名词不好,我一无土地,二无房产,银行里也没有存款,继承我什么呀?红领巾都唱,我们是共产主义接班人,还是叫接班人好,这才是无产阶级的说法。
”期末试卷题型及考试范围☆客观题(要涂卡,记得带2B 铅笔及橡皮)①听力理解(1*20=20):基本上都是听力课教材的原题(英语一、二)②词汇(0.5*20=10):全部来自《研英》Unit1-10 课后词汇题的原题(英语一)一半来自《研英》Unit1-10 原题,一半来自《学英》Unit1-4 原题(英语二)③完形填空(1*15=15):从《研英》Unit1-10 的某篇课文原文中挖空出题(英语一、二)④阅读理解(1*20=20):有两篇来自《研英》Unit1-10 课后原题,有两篇为课外(英语一、二)☆主观题(注意把握时间,客观题可能的话尽量提前预记答案,留足够的时间给主观题)①翻译(10*2=20):一段英译汉,一段汉译英,英译汉与课文有一定的相关度(英语一、二)②写作(1*15=15):一篇大作文,英语一不详,英语二确定为图表类作文(英语一、二)《研究生英语教程》Unit 1-10 词汇题释义(英语一、二)Unit 1[辨] view / scene / scenery / sightsale n. 出售[辨] thief / bandit / burglar / robberwind - wound - wound v. 缠绕visible adj. 看得见的grim adj. 不景气的with the result that 其结果是fiction n. 小说crawl v. 爬行a flock of birds 一群鸟儿stretch out 使能维持glide v. 滑翔slide v. 滑行lick / lap up 舔食isolate / separate v. 使隔离deferential / respectful adj. 恭敬的flash out at sb. 对某人勃然大怒地说creep vi. 爬行charge sb. with sth. / accuse sb. of sth. 指控a scattering of / a sprinkle of 寥寥无几的curl vi. 盘绕Unit 2appeal to 求助于stock-in-trade n. 惯用手段be capable of 能容纳下make contact with 接触in a word 总之be subject to 经受at one’s mercy 任其摆布know one’s business 胜任自己从事的工作have no use for 不喜欢without qualification 无条件地be characteristic of 为…所特有realistic / practical adj. 现实的chaotic / disordered adj. 混乱的liquidate v. 清除[辨] destroy / ruin / damagesymptom n. 征兆[辨] symbol / signal / signcharacteristic / attribute n. 特性extravagant / wasteful adj. 奢侈浪费的suspend / postpone v. 延迟fallacy / misconception n. 谬见rational / reasonable adj. 合理的Unit 3attachment n. 依恋honor one’s commitment 信守诺言endure v. 忍受draw on 利用intensify v. 加剧courteous adj. 彬彬有礼的take sth. into account 考虑be centered on 集中在be subject to 取决于fall into step with sb. 开始与某人步调一致raise / bring up 提出confidential adj. 保密的share secrets 分享秘密draw out / extract 提炼出band / group n. 团伙sentiment / emotion n. 情绪irrevocably / unchangeably adv. 不可改变地temporary / tentative adj. 暂时性的invoke / ask for 祈求similarity / resemblance n. 相似之处view / examine v. 观察Unit 4predetermine v. 预先决定cover up 掩盖acknowledgment n. 感谢rigorous adj. 严格的diffuse adj. 弥漫的;散漫芜杂的expound v. 解释highlight n. 突出之处spring from 源于instill v. 逐渐灌输acknowledge / recognize v. 承认peer / fellow n. 同伴breakdown / fail in 失败futile /useless adj. 无用的essential / fundamental adj. 基本的thorough / rigorous adj. 缜密的evade / avoid v. 逃避explicit / clearly-expressed adj. 表述清楚的diversion / distraction n. 令人分心的事物be detached from / be indifferent to 冷漠对待Unit 5afflict v. 折磨assimilatev. 同化prescribev. 规定incumbent n. 现任者exactitude n. 规规矩矩vague adj. 模糊的dismay n. 沮丧variable n. 变量by a narrow margin 悬而又悬地muddy the waters 把事情弄糟causality n. 因果关系chalk up 取得(胜利、分)scorn / contempt n. 藐视merit / value n. 价值virtually / almost adv. 几乎hazy / uncertain adj. 模糊的stark / harsh adj. 严酷的rigid / strict adj. 严格的assimilate / digest v. 消化吸收It is incumbent on sb. to do sth. 有责任做obligatory adj. 义务的switch / shift v. 转换transaction / deal n. 交易judicious / sensible adj. 明智的implement / carry out 实施Unit 6the pros and cons 赞成与反对者stretch v. 伸展soap bubble 肥皂泡minute adj. 极小的point out 指出back off 退缩be compatible with 相一致introverted adj. 内向的densely-populated adj. 人口密集的roundabout adj. 间接的incidentally / by chance 偶然地be consistent with 相一致droop / sag vi. 下垂wind up / end 结束tilted adj. 倾斜的crooked adj. 弯曲的pick up / identify / make out 识别vocal / voiced adj. 由嗓音发出的impact / effect n. 影响spell out 讲清楚potent drug 强效药avoid / dodge v. 躲避haughty / arrogant adj. 傲慢的blink v. 眨眼chatter v. 喋喋不休idle adj. 琐碎无聊的tense / nervous adj. 紧张的rage / fury n. 暴怒provocative / stimulating adj. 起激励作用的fire up 激起热情hot adj. 激动的spot / see v. 发现Unit 7enhance one’s reputation 提高名誉respiration n. 呼吸ignite vi. 燃烧cherish v. 珍爱distinguished adj. 卓越的minimize v. 作最低估计[辨] affect / influenceoriginal adj. 最初的be related to 有关recede v. 退去scrutiny / examination n. 审查severity / seriousness n. 严重性account for / explain 解释forecast / predict v. 预测verdict / decision n. 判决overcome / defeat v. 战胜dismal / melancholy adj. 忧郁的array / collection n. 陈列thrilled adj. 非常兴奋的be caught up in / be involved in 被卷入fascinating / entrancing adj. 使人入迷的cite / quote v. 引用ample / abundant adj. 充足的relieve / alleviate v. 减轻vital / important adj. 重要的heal / cure v. 治愈treatment / medical care n. 医治nursing n. 护理enlighten / inspire v. 启发negative / pessimistic adj. 消极的emotion / feeling n. 情感Unit 8anecdote n. 轶事proceed with 继续做boil down to 归结为account for 导致at any rate 无论如何assimilate v. 消化吸收preoccupied adj. 心事重重的fall into 分成in answer to 回答conceivable adj. 可想到的comment on sth. 发表看法blunder v. 因无知或粗心而犯错误commit murder 犯谋杀罪controversy / debate n. 争论comprise / constitute v. 构成originate / emerge v. 开始出现embrace / accept v. 接受component / constituent n. 构成部分outstanding / remarkable adj. 杰出的rigid adj. 严格僵化的fixed adj. 固定的category /group n. 类colleague / fellow worker 同事maze n. 迷宫network n. 网状系统bypath n. 旁道alley n. 小巷endow / provide v. 给予multiply v. 迅速增加duplicate / identical adj. 完全一样的remark / comment v. 说reliably / dependably adv. 可靠地synthetic / artificial adj. 人造的Unit 9discard v. 丢弃clever / skillful adj. 熟练的abandon v. 放弃purify v. 提纯pure iron 纯铁emit v. 放射eliminate v. 消除determine v. 决定check v. 抑制firmadj. 坚固的preserve / save v. 保存accent / stress v. 重读sniff / smell v. 闻consume v. 花费take up 占用manufacture / produce v. 制造endless / limitless adj. 无限的exhaustive / thorough adj. 详尽的worn out adj. 用坏的dispose / array v. 排列rusty adj. 生锈的oxidize v. 使生锈stack / pile v. 摞vicious / violent adj. 凶猛的cycle n. 循环sequence n. 连续fellowship n. 交情spoil / rot vi. 腐败变质stumble / trip v. 绊倒dump / unload v. 卸下deprive sb. of sth. 剥夺deny sb. sth. 拒绝给予explode / blow up 爆炸Unit 10wistful adj. 伤感的sobering adj. 令人警醒的crave for 渴望bold adj. 大胆的hero n. 英雄upbringing n. 接受的教养hijack v. 劫机galvanize v. 激励be thronged with 挤满contentious adj. 爱争论的potentially adv. 可能地hazardous / risky a dj. 冒险的call for / require 需要last / continue v. 持续trait /quality n. 特点stimulate / encourage v. 激发inherently / intrinsically adv. 本质上地likelihood n. 可能性predictability n. 可预测性trigger / set off 引起warrior / fighter n. 斗士determine / fix v. 确定urge / encourage v. 力劝varied / diversified adj. 多样化的contention / controversy n. 争论national anthem 国歌《学术综合英语》Unit 1-4 词汇题释义(英语二)Unit 1assertion n. 声明contrary to与…相反look up 查找implicit adj. 含蓄的at hand 即将发生in the course of 在…过程中adapt v. 适应sustain v. 维持unbiased adj. 无偏见的rhythm n. 节奏clutter n. 杂乱metaphor n. 暗喻impromptu / unprepared adj. 即兴的sparingly / economically adv. 节约地credible / reliable adj. 可信赖的credential n. 证书paraphrase / restate v. 改述anecdote n. 轶事hypothetical / supposed adj. 假设的testimony / evidence n. 证明bolster / support v. 支撑juxtaposition / side-by-side position 并置impassioned adj. 充满激情的trigger v. 引发poignant adj. 令人心酸的be inundated 被淹没[usu passive] spawn v. 造成disruptv. 扰乱adverselyadv. 不利地localize v. 使局部化supplement v.补充identify v. 识别Unit 2contribute v. 投稿center on 集中在plausible adj. 看似合理的entail v. 导致consensus n. 共识liability n. 累赘menace n. 威胁triple vt. 使成三倍intractable adj. 难对付的massive adj. 大量的devastating adj. 毁灭性的pose v. 造成detract from / take away from 减损inadequacy / shortage n. 短缺on a par with / the same as 与…一样staggering / astounding adj. 令人惊愕的portend / predict v. 预示believable adj. 可信的augment v. 增加emergence / appearance n. 出现aggravating / annoying adj. 令人恼怒的pin down / discover 弄明确striking adj. 显著的resurgence n. 再度猖獗by virtue of 凭借equitable adj. 公平的implication n. 可能的结果mainstay n. 最基本组成部分thread n. 主线clear-cut adj. 清晰的virtually adv. 几乎mobility n. 社会地位或阶层升降的流动性viable adj. 可行的rife adj. 猖獗的Unit 3address v. 处理border on 近乎in other words 换句话说be involved in 被卷入enforce a ceasefire 执行停火协定be applied to 被应用于regardless of 不管conviction n. 判罪infraction n. 违犯suggest v. 暗示available adj. 可得的consistent adj. 始终如一的nail v. 逮住并证明…犯法whopping / huge adj. 巨大的sporadically / occasionally adv. 偶发地prod / urge v. 敦促fatality / death n. [C] 死亡turn up / find 发现prior to / before 在…之前on a whim 心血来潮地car crash / car accident 车祸subsequent / following adj. 接下来的indulge v. 纵情heed v. 注意听从issue v. 发布venture vi. 冒险accountability n. 应负责任give rise to 引起in place 到位predict v. 预测head for 前往Unit 4sumptuous adj. 豪华奢侈的prerogative n. 特权subtlety / delicacy n. 微妙ambiguity n. 模棱两可rapport n. 默契covert adj. 隐密的misinterpretation n. 误解subservience n. 恭顺pro forma adj. [拉] 形式上的be stricken by 受侵害national priority area 国家优先发展区域be labelled (as) 称…为[usu passive] account for 占get one’s way 为所欲为make mischief 挑拨离间frame v. 陷害debase v. 降低质量underhanded adj. 偷摸的do one’s bidding 听某人的吩咐portray v. 刻画disruptiveadj. 扰乱的stereotype n. 模式化形象trauma n. 精神上的创伤momentum n.势头flawed adj. 有瑕疵的innuendo n. 暗讽commit v. 拨款retribution n. 惩罚initiate v. 发起老师要求背诵段落翻译,红色为老师留过的作业第一课Cliffs stretched into the distance; sparking waves whipped by the wind were unrolling on to the beach, and a few yachts, with creamy-white sails, were curving and dodging gracefully on the sea. Just below, a flock of seagulls were screaming at one another as they twisted and glided over the water. A mile out to sea, the old lighthouse stood on a stone platform on the rocks, which were being greedily licked by the waves. In no way indeed did I grudge my money. As I directed the telescope towards the lighthouse, the man beside me tapped my wrist.峭壁向远方伸展,海风激起的阵阵波浪泛着白花,冲上海滩。
河海大学:新世纪研究生公共英语教材听说学生用书听力原文
新世纪研究生公共英语教材听说(上)听力原文LESSON 1Music1. M: By the way, Jane, did you talk to the consultant顾问about our new health program?W: I contacted联系his office but his secretary said he would (be out for)试图得到lunch until two.Q: What does the woman mean?2. W: We need to let everyone know about the charity [ˈtʃæriti] n. 慈爱concert, but we don't have much money for advertising.M: How about using the school radio station? They broadcast free public service服务announcements.通告Q: What does the man suggest they do?3. W: I don't understand why this self-study自学book doesn't have answers to the questions.M: But it does. You can find them at the back of the book.Q: What does the man say about the self-study book?4. M: The new sales manager says he has never met you before.W: We've been introduced about three times. He seems a little forgetful.Q: What do we learn about the new sales manager?5. M: Have you had the brakes[breik] n制动器; 闸; 刹车. and tires checked? And do you have enough money?W: I have taken care of everything. And I'm sure it's going to be a wonderful极好的, 精彩的, 绝妙的trip.Q: What's the woman going to do?g. M: I've had my new stereo立体声for a whole week, but I haven't yet figured out想到how to record music.W: Didn't an instruction manual [ˈmænjuəl] 手册形式的,像手册的;教范性质的come with it?Q: What does the woman imply?7. W: I want to pay you for that long-distance call I made. But, I suppose you haven't gotten your phone bill yet,M: Oh, but I have.Q: What does the man mean?8. M: Professor Smith assigned us three more novels to read.W: He must think you don't have any other classes.Q: What can be inferred about Professor Smith? 9. M: Let's go watch the fireworks烟花tonight.W: I have tickets to the theater.Q: What does the woman mean?10. M: I am exhausted筋疲力尽的. I stayed up熬夜the whole night studying for my history midterm exam.W: Why do you always wait till the last minute?Q: What can be inferred about the man?11. M: I'll be coming straight from work, so I'll have to pack包装;捆扎a change of clothes.W: It's only a barbecue [ˈbɑ:bikju:] (常用于室外的)金属烤架. Jeans and T-shirts will be fine.Q: What does the woman imply?12. W: I'm going to the snack [snæk] 小吃; 点心; 快餐bar for a cup of coffee. Would you like me to bring you back something?M: Not from the snack bar, but could you pick up a paper for me?Q: What does the man mean?13. M: I don't understand how this budget was calculated[ˈkælkjuleit] 计算, 估计, 核算.W: Let me have a look, OK?Q: What does the woman mean?14. W: We need a fourth player for tennis this morning. Do you want to join us?M: I've got a class at nine, but Carol is free and she is really good.Q: What does the man suggest the woman do? 15. W: Have you saved enough to buy that new printer for your computer yet?M: You know, money seems to be burning a hole in my pocket lately. Maybe next month.Q: What does the man mean?PART B Intensive加强的Listening: MusicPassage I: Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart沃尔夫冈·阿马多伊斯·莫扎特Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart (1756-1791) was one of the most human and lovable [ˈlʌvəbəl]可爱的,惹人爱的of the great composers[kəmˈpəʊzə] (尤指古典音乐)作曲家,创作者,作曲者. The period in which he lived was one of romantic interest, and his early life as a musical音乐的, 用于音乐的, 有音乐的child genius [ˈdʒi:njəs]天才, 天赋before the principal最重要的; 主要的courts of Europe reads like a fairy [ˈfɛəri]仙人, 小仙子, 小精灵tale传说;陈述.(At no time)决不in the history of the world has the court life of Europe been so wasteful [ˈweɪstfəl]浪费的;挥霍的;耗费的as during the later half of the eighteenth century. One of the great child geniuses [ˈdʒi:njəs]天才, 天赋the world has ever known, the boy Mozart, and his sister Maria Anna, soon became the court favorites [ˈfeivərit]特别喜欢的人(或物),喜欢的事物,亲信,心腹,幸运儿and traveled not onlyin Austria, but to France and Italy as well. It was but natural天生的, 生来的,本来的,与生俱来的that the youthful 青年人的; 青春的; genius [ˈdʒi:njəs]天才, 天赋should be influenced by these experiences. There is a delicacy[ˈdelɪkəsi:] 精致, 精美;娇嫩and refinement [rɪˈfaɪnmənt]精炼;提炼;提纯in Mozart's musical expression which is not found in the works of his master男教师; 院长, Haydn. From his seventh year until his death at the age ofthirty-five, Mozart's genius (poured forth)连续不断地流出a free stream of over a thousand melodious [məˈləʊdi:əs]有旋律的,产生旋律的compositions创作, 写作, 作曲, many of which were never published. Mozart wrote all forms for all instruments仪器. Of his forty-nine symphonies[ˈsimfəni]交响乐, 交响曲, the two greatest are G-minor and C-major. These works were both written in six weeks during the summer of 1788.As a composer (尤指古典音乐)作曲家,创作者,作曲者of opera [ˈɔpərə]歌剧, Mozart still remains pre-eminent卓越的,优秀的. His dramatic戏剧性的works show great individual个别的, 单独的, 个人的genius天才, 天赋, but little regard for the previous先前的, 以前的reforms改革, 改良, 改造of Gluck. His areas have never been surpassed 超过; 优于; 多于; 非…所能办到and his dramatic戏剧的, 剧本的simplicity[simˈplisiti]简单, 朴素, 率直has rarely been equaled by succeeding composers作曲家. Mozart's greatest operas歌剧, "The Marriage of Figaro费加罗的婚礼", "Don Giovanni' and "The Magic Flute" are still popular favorites with singers歌手;歌唱家and the public as well. Gifted with a marvelous free melody, Mozart's music, even in his strictest compositions,possesses[pəˈzes].具有 a simplicity简单, 朴素, 率直and naive grace优雅which charms[tʃɑ:m]使高兴, 使着迷; 吸引all hearers.1. Which of the following countries had NOT been visited by Mozart and his sister?2. How many symphonies交响乐did Mozart create?3. Which word could be used to describe描写, 叙述the period in which Mozart lived?4. In which period did Mozart live?5. How long did Mozart engage in参加; 从事; 忙于composing?II.1. ( F ) Like his master Haydn, Mozart created his works with refinement细微的改良; (精细的)改进, 改善and delicacy精致, 精美;娇嫩.2. ( T ) Mozart composed all forms of music for all instruments.3. ( F ) In Mozart's works, much attention was paid to the previous先前的, 以前的reforms of Gluck格卢克.4. ( T ) Mozart's areas have never been surpassed超过; 优于.5. (T) Simplicity简单, 朴素, 率直is one of the characteristics特征in Mozart's music.Passage II: American MusicOne of America's most important exports出口is her modern music. American music is played all over the world. It is enjoyed by the people of all ages in all countries. Although the lyrics ['liriks]歌词are English, people not speaking English can enjoy it too. The reasons for its popularity普遍,流行; are its fast pace [peis步子;节奏and rhythmic [ˈrɪðmɪk] 有韵律的, 有节奏的beat[bi:t]节拍, 拍子.The music has many origins [ˈɔridʒin]起点; 来源in the United States. Country music, coming from the rural农村的,乡村的areas in the southern United States, is one source来源, 出处. Country music features以…为物色是…特征simple themes 题目,主题,and melodies 曲调, 歌曲describing day-to-day situations形势; 情况and the feelings of country people. Many people appreciate欣赏, 赏识, this music because of the emotions 情感,感情expressed by country music songs.A second origin of American popular music is theblues[blu:z]布鲁斯歌曲;蓝调歌曲. It depicts描述mostly sad feelings reflecting表达; 反映the difficult lives of American blacks. It is usually played and sung by black musicians, but it is popular with all Americans.(Rock music)摇滚音乐is a newer form of music. This music style风格, featuring .以…为物色是…特征fast and repetitious重复的;反复的rhythms节奏, was influenced by the blues布鲁斯歌曲;蓝调歌曲and country music. It was first known as rock-and-roll in the 1950s. Since then there have been many forms of rock music: hard rock, soft rock, and others. Many performers of popular music are young musicians.American popular music is marketed在市场上出售某物to a demanding(顾客的)需求、需要audience观众, 听众; 读者. Now popular songs are heard on the radio several times a day. Some songs have become popular all over the world. People hear these songs sung in their original 起初的; 原来的English or sometimes translated into other languages. The words may differ but the enjoyment of the music is universal普遍的.I.1. Which group of people enjoy American music?2. Why is American music so popular in all countries?3. What can be learned from the passage?4. What do you know from the passage?5. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage? Passage III: Music in Different CulturesIn western culture music is regarded as good by birth在血统上,生来, and sounds that are welcome are said to be "music to the ears". In some other cultures文化-- for example, Islamic伊斯兰的,伊斯兰教的culture -- it is of little value, associated (使)发生联系, (使)联合; 结交, 结伙with sin [sin]罪恶, 罪孽and evil罪恶. In the West and in the high cultures of Asia, it is said that there are three types of music. First, classical古典的, 经典的music, composed 组成, 构成and performed by trained professionals具有某专业资格的人, 专业人士originally最初under the support of courts 宫廷, 宫室and religious宗教的establishments建立, 确立; second, folk music民间音乐, shared by the population at large and passed on传递; 传授orally口头上地,口述地, and third, popular music, performed by professionals, spread (使)传播, (使)散布through radio, television, records, film, and print, and consumed消耗,耗尽by the mass public.Music is a major component成分, 组成部分, 部件, 元件in religious宗教的services, theater剧场,戏院,, and entertainment娱乐, 文娱节目, 表演会of all sorts. The most universal use of music is as a part of religious rituals仪式. In some tribal [ˈtraɪbəl]部落的societies, music appears to serve as a special form of communication with supernatural超自然的;鬼、神或幻术所引起的beings, and its prominent显著的; 突出的use in modern Christian基督教徒and Jewish犹太人的;犹太教徒的services may be the leftover of just such an original原始的purpose. Another less obvious function of music is social adherence遵守;遵循;坚持. For most social groups, music can serve as a powerful symbol象征, 标志. Members of most societies share keen热衷的, 热心的, feelings as to what kind of music they "belong to". Indeed, some minorities少数, 小部分including, in the U. S.A., black Americans and Euro-American groups use music as a major symbol of group identity身份. Music also symbolizes象征;作为…的象征military军事的, 军用的;, patriotic [ˈpætriˈɔtik]爱国的, 有爱国心的and funeral葬礼, 丧礼moods心情, 情绪and events. In a more general普遍的, 全面的; sense, music may express the central最重要的, 主要的, 首要social values of a society. In western culture, the interrelationship相互关系of conductor and orchestra [ˈɔ:kistrə]管弦乐队symbolizes the need for strong cooperation合作, 协作among various kinds of specialists 专家, 行家in a modern industrial society.I.1. In what culture is music regarded as good by birth?2. Which of the following is performed by professionals?3. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?4. According to the passage, what is the most universal use of music?5. Which of the following is NOT symbolized by music? II.1. In some other cultures, music is of low value, associated with sin and evil.2. For most social groups, music can serve as a powerful symbol. Members of most societies share keen feelings as to what kind of music they "belong to".3. In a more general sense, music may express the central social values of a society. In Western culture, the interrelationship between conductor and orchestra symbolizes the need for strong cooperation among various kinds of specialists in a modern industrial society.PART C(1)Practical (2)Religious(3)Sunday School(4)Piano(5)a walk (6)join them(7)other people (8)go to the cinema(9)at the time (10)duty(11)gentle (12)discussion(13)penniless (14)vivid(15)greeted (16)love and warmth(17)come home (18)principles(19)applyingLESSON 21. M: Do you still want to go to the graduate研究生的school after you get out of college?W: I've changed my mind about that. I want to start working before I go back to school.Q: What does the woman mean?2. M: We've got a whole hour before the Browns come by来串门, 来访to pick us up安排接取; 使搭乘; 搭救.W: Yeah. But we'd better get moving赶快;快些开始. Q: What does the woman suggest they do?3. M: I'm thinking of getting a new printer.W: I'd invest in在…上投资, 在…投入(时间、精力等) a laser [ˈleizə激光] printer. The print quality is much better.Q: What does the woman mean?4. W: I've got a coupon [ˈku:pɔn]配给券;(购物)票证;(购物)优惠券for half-off五折dinner at that new restaurant down the street. I think I'll use it when my cousin [ˈkʌzn]堂[表]兄弟[姊妹] comes for a visit this weekend.M: Where did you get it? I wouldn't mind(trying that place out too)试验.Q: What does the man want to know?5. W: What's Laura doing here today? I thought she was supposed 料想; 猜想; 以为to be out of离开了the office on Mondays.W: She decided she'd rather have Fridays off instead. Q: What can be inferred about Laura?6. M: I need to find a new roommate <英>室友,住在同室的人.W: So John's going to California after all.Q: What can be inferred from the conversation?7. M: My math assignment's工作, 任务due 到期的tomorrow morning and I haven't even started it yet. W: I'll miss想念, 惦记you at the party tonight.Q: What does the woman imply?8. W: Those packages包, 包裹, 包在一起的东西took forever长久地;(与动词进行时连用)老是,没完没了地to arrive. M: But they did arrive, didn't they?Q: What does the man say about the packages?9. M: My parents are coming to see our apartment一套房间, 一户this weekend.W: Looks as if I'd better lend you my vacuum [ˈvækjuəm]〈口〉真空吸尘器cleaner 净化器then.Q: What does the woman imply?10. M: Sarah, did you have a chance to buy that new novel you wanted?W: No, but I had Doris get it for me.Q: What does Sarah say about the novel?11. M: I've been waiting all week for this concert. The philharmonic [filɑ:ˈmɔnik]交响乐团is supposed to be excellent and with our student discoun [ˈdiskaunt]数目, 折扣t the tickets will be really cheap.W: Uh -- uh, I'm afraid I left my student ID in my other purse钱包.Q: What does the woman imply?暗示, 暗指12. M: The university bookstore opens at 9 in the morning.W: Oh, dear. I need a textbook教科书, 课本for my eight o'clock class today.Q: What does the woman mean?13. M: The storm暴风雨[雪] last night damaged some of the neighbor's roofs.W: no wonder不足为奇.Q: What does the woman mean?14. M: You've certainly无疑地; 确定地;肯定地been reading that one page for a long time now.W: Well, I'm being tested on it tomorrow.Q: What does the woman imply暗示?15. W: Another thing we need to do is show the new students around town. You know, show them all the sights视野;风景of the area.M: I don't see why we need to do that ourselves. I understand the visitors' center offers a wonderful bus tour旅行, 观光.Q: What does the man suggest they do?PART BPassage I:People in the US get a two-week paid有报酬的;领取报酬的vacation from their job every year. Most British people have four or five weeks paid holiday a year. Americans often complain抱怨, 诉苦; 投诉that two weeks is not enough especially when they hear about the longer holidays that Europeans enjoy. In addition, there are eight days in each European country, which are public holidays (the British call Bank Holiday) and many of these fall on落到, 轮到a Monday giving people a long weekend.What do people do in Britain and the US when they are on holidays? In the US, outdoor vacations are popular, for example, at the Grand Canyon峡谷or Yellowstone or other national parks or forests. Young people may go walking or camping 宿营, 露营in the mountains. Many people have small trailers拖车, 挂车in which to travel, or if they are in a car, they may stay at motels汽车旅馆on the journey旅行; 行程;. Disneyland and Disney world are also popular and people can go skiing in the Rocky洛矶Mountains of Colorado科罗拉多州, Wyoming怀俄明州and Montana蒙大纳(美国州名). Some children go to summer camp for a holiday during the summer vacation from school, where they do special activities, such as sports or crafts技巧;技能;技艺. When Americans want a holiday for fun in the sun, they usually go to Florida, Hawaii, Mexico or the Caribbean. They may go to Europe for culture, for example, to see art, plays, and places of historic历史上著名(或重要)的interest.In Britain, many people like to go to the seaside for holidays. There are places near the sea, such as Backpool, Scarborough斯卡波罗and Bournemouth伯恩茅斯, where there is plenty充裕, 大量, 富庶to do even when it rains. People also like to go to the country, especially to walk, in places like Scotland, Wales and the Lake湖泊District. When the British go abroad they usually want to go somewhere warm. Spain and the Spanish islands of Majorea and Ibiza伊比沙岛are popular as are other places in southern Europe. For skiing, people often go to the Alps阿尔卑斯山.1. How long a paid vacation can Americans enjoy every year?2. How many days are there about public holidays for Europeans in a year? weeks.3. Where do Americans usually go for fun in the sun?4. Where do Americans usually spend their holidays for culture?5. British people usually go to Spain for holidays. What for?l. ( ) Many of the public holidays are on Friday in Britain.2. ( ) Americans like to have outdoor activities during their vacations.3. ( ) Some American children do some special activities in the summer camps during their vacations.4. ( ) When British people go abroad, they usually go for culture.5. ( ) For the British, the Alps is a skiing resort度假胜地,旅游胜地.Passage II:Every country in the world celebrates New Year but not everyone does it on the same day. The countries of North and South America and Europe welcome the New Year on January 1. This practice began with the Romans. Julius Caesar, a Roman ruler, changed the date of the New Year from the first day of March to the first day of January. In the Middle East, New Year is on the day when spring begins. People in China celebrate it on the Spring Festival, which is the first day of their lunar [ˈlju:nə] 月的, 月球的;按阴历的calendar[ˈkælində] 日历, 月历. The Spring Festival usually comes between January 21 and February 19. Rosh Hashana犹太新年, which is the Jewish New Year, comes at the end of summer.In all of these cultures, there is a tradition of making noise. People made noise in ancient times to drive away the evil邪恶的, 坏的,恶毒的spirits神灵, 幽灵from home. Many people do it with fire-works. In Japan, people go from house to house making noise with drums 鼓, 鼓状物and bamboo竹, 竹竿sticks棍, 棒. Young people in Denmark丹麦throw broken pieces of jars罐子, 广口瓶or pots against the sides of friends' houses.In the United States, many people stay up until midnight on New Year's Eve前日, 前夕to watch the clock pass from one year to the next. Friends often gather together at a party on New Year's Eve, and when the New Year comes, all ring环状物, 圆圈bells钟, 铃, 电铃, blow吹horns[hɔ:n]号, 号角, blow whistle哨子, 汽笛songs, and kiss each other.In many European countries, families start the new year by first attending church services, which is followed by paying calls on friends and relatives. Italian boys and girls receive gifts of money on New Year's Day.New Year's Day is more joyful快乐的, 高兴的than Christmas圣诞节in France and Scotland. In these countries Christmas is a religious holiday only, while the New Year is the time for gifts-giving, parties, and visits.1. Who changed the date of the New Year from March 1 to January 172. When does the Jewish New Year begin?3. Why did people make noise in ancient times when they celebrated the New Year?4. According to the speaker, how do the children in Denmark celebrate the New Year?5. In which country do children receive gifts of money on New Year's Day?1. ( ) People in the Middle East welcome the New Year on January 1.2. ( )The Spring Festival usually comes between January 21 and February 19.3. ( ) On New Year's Day, many people make noise with fireworks.4. ( ) In all European countries, families start the new year by paying calls on friends and relatives.5. ( ) Christmas is the most joyful and important festival of the year in France.Passage 3:Hundreds of years ago in England, many children dressed up as adults on Valentine's Day and they went singing from home to home. In Wales, wooden love spoons were carved and given as gifts on February 14th.Hearts, keys and keyholes were favorite decorations on the spoons. The decoration meant, "You unlock my heart!" In the Middle Ages, young men and women drew names from a bowl to see who their valentines would be. They would wear these names on their sleeves for one week. To wear your heart on your sleeve now means that it is easy for other people to know how you are feeling. In some countries, a young woman may receive a gift of clothing from a young man. If she keeps the gift, it means she will marry him. Some people used to believe that if a woman saw a robin flying overhead on Valentine's Day, it meant she would marry a sailor. If she saw a sparrow, she would marry a poor man and be very happy. If she saw a goldfinch, she would marry a millionaire.A love seat is a wide chair. It was first made to seat one woman and her wide dress. Later, the love seat or courting seat had two sections, often in an S-shape. In this way, a couple could sit together -- but not too closely! Think of five or six names of boys or girls you might marry. As you twist the stem of an apple, recite the names until the stem comes off. You will marry the person whose name you were saying when the stem fell off. Pick a dandelion that has gone to seed. Take a deep breath and blow the seeds into the wind. Count the seeds that remain on the stem. That is the number of children you will have. If you cut an apple in half and count how many seeds are inside, you will also know how many children you will have.1. According to the passage, who would dress up on Valentine's Day hundreds of years ago in England?2. What are NOT mentioned as the favorite decorations on the carved spoons?3. According to the passage, what kind of person woulda woman marry if she saw4. Why was a love seat made?5. According to the passage, when a woman twists the stem of an apple, what does the woman want to see? 1.(T) To wear your heart on your sleeve means that it's easy for other people to know how you are feeling.2. (T) If a woman keeps the gift of clothing from a young man, it means that she will marry him.3. (F) A love seat was made in an S-shape for a couple to sit on comfortably.4. (F) Nowadays, we think that if a woman sees a sparrow flying overhead on Valentine's Day, she will marry a poor man and be very happy.5. ( T ) According to the passage, you can guess how many children you will have with the help of an apple or a dandelion.PART C1) 1947 2) Yale Law School 3) a brave face 4) family life 5) stood by 6) on her husband's behalf 7) highlight 8) the White House9) relationship 10) her marriage 11)all Americans 12) the First Lady 13) 1996 14) law firm15) public stage 16)everybody 17) the same thing 18) in private 19) public responsibilities 20) a true home LESSON 31. W: The report says all departments are making a profit except the Asian department.M: Well, Mr. Smith seems to be the wrong person to head that department. One more step wrong and he will be removed from that office.Q: What do we learn from the conversation?2. W: During the last thunderstorm, I noticed several leaks in my bedroom ceiling and they really caused a mess.M: Maybe you have some broken tiles. I have the phone number of a good roofing company that could do a good repair job for you at a reasonable price.Q: What can we conclude from this conversation? 3. W: How did you do on the math exam, John?M: I barely made it. It was just a passing score but better than I had expected.Q: What do we learn from the conversation?4. M: I wonder what makes Mother so upset these days?W: Father is canceling his vacation trip. He promised to take her abroad last year, but the company is again asking father to postpone his vacation.Q: Why is their mother unhappy?5. W: Friday's speaker is supposed to be wonderful. Are you going to attend the seminar that day?M: Yes, but I haven't been able to get a ticket yet. Since the lecture is open to the public, I imagine the tickets may have already been sold out.Q: Why is the man afraid he won't be able to attend the seminar?6. M: Could you lend me your biology notes?W: Do you think you'll be able to make out my handwriting?Q: What does the woman imply about the notes? 7. W: Did you pick up my books from Ron's house? M: Sorry. It slipped my mind.Q: What does the man mean?8. W: Would you like to go to the movies with us tonight?M: To the movies? Tonight is the biggest concert of the year.Q: What does the man mean?9. M: Just one person in the whole class got an A on the test! YOU!W: ALL RIGHT!!!Q: What does the woman mean?10. W: We are having a party at our house on the weekend of the 30th. Would you like to join us?M: That sounds like a lot of fun. But I'll need to check my calendar first.Q: What does the man imply?11. M: I've been running a mile every afternoon for the past month. But I still haven't been able to lose more than a pound or two. I wonder if it's worth it.W: Oh, don't give up now. It always seems hard when you are just starting out.Q: What does the woman mean? 12. M: I'm going to the vegetable stand today. Can I pick up anything for you?W: No, thanks. I just came back from the market myself.Q: What does the woman mean?13. M: I don't understand why I received such a low grade on my term paper.W: You should make an appointment with the professor to discuss it.Q: What does the woman suggest the man do?14. M: The sound of all that traffic is driving me out of my mind.W: It is had. But the highway will reopen tomorrow, then we won't have all those cars passing by any more. Q: What does the woman imply?15. W: I invited your mother to lunch yesterday. But she said she didn't have any free time.M: Yeah. She just got a new job.Q: What does the man mean?Passage I:Established on January 1, 1995, World Trade Organization is the successor to the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT). It exists to promote afree-market international trade system. The WTO promotes trade by:1. reducing tariffs;2. prohibiting import or export bans or quotas;3. eliminating discrimination against foreign products and services;4. eliminating other impediments to trade, commonly called "non-tariff trade barriers''.With China's successful entry into WTO in Nov 2001, it currently has 135 member countries, accounting for over 90% of world trade. Over 30 others are negotiating membership. The WTO's top-level decision-making body is the ministerial conference which meets at least once every two years. Over three-quarters of WTO members are developing countries. Special provisions for thesemembers are included in the WTO's agreements. GATT is now the WTO's principal rule-book.Decisions are made by the entire membership by consensus or majority vote. The WTO's agreements have been ratified in all members' parliaments. If a trade barrier is found to be unfair, the WTO can authorize the imposition of trade sanctions to force a change in that country's law. The WTO exempts trade barriers which are designed to conserve natural resources or protect health.Critics say the WTO credits agreements are skewed in favor of rich countries. The west may preach trade liberalization, but it has used negotiations to prize third world market while keeping its own barriers intact.1.When was the World Trade Organization established?2. What is the aim of establishing the WTO?3. According to the passage, how many member countries does the WTO currently have?4. Which of the following statements is NOT true?5. What does the WTO do if a trade barrier is found to be unfair in a certain country?1.GATT,2.over 90%,3.the ministerial conference,4.conserve natural resources, protect health,5.in favor of rich countries.Passage IIWorld financial circles affirm that this year has witnessed the most forceful economic growth over the past 13 years. The growth rate is expected to reach 4.7 percent, much higher than the 2.5 percent in 1998 and the 3.3 percent in 1999. The average economic growth rate of developed countries may reach 4.2 percent this year. The US economy continues to lead the tide of the world economic growth, with its economic growth rate getting close to 5.2 percent. The European economic situation is also better than that in previous years, and the average growth rate of the 11 countries in the Euro zone is to reach 3.5 percent. The Japanese economy has freed itself from a slump, and its growth rate this year may reach 1.9 percent, higher than the average growth rate in the past 10 years.The average economic growth rate of the developing countries this year can reach 5.6 percent. The economic development in the Asian developing regions has attracted people's attention. Their growth rate this year may reach 7.1 percent. The Russian economy has had an unexpected, strong recovery from the 1998 crisis, with the growth rate possibly reaching 6 percent.Among the many factors that have boosted world economic growth, the growing information technological industry is playing an increasingly outstanding role. The information technological industry is becoming a leading industry in the national economy and a new economic growth point. According to experts' estimate, file current contribution rate of the information technological industry to the world economic growth is 18.2 percent. Its ratio in the growth of the US economy is even higher, standing at one-third. The information technological industry is currently the world, economic sector experiencing rapid development and is creating ever-more wealth, The integration of the traditional economy and the web economy has become the present development trend of the world economy.1.They affirm that the year 2000 has witnessed the most forceful economic growth over the past 13 years.2.The Russian economy.3.18.2%.4.The information technological industry.5.The present development trend of the world economy is the integration of the traditional economy and the web economy.1) 4.2%, 2) 5.2%, 3) 3.5%, 4) 1.9%, 5) 5.6%, 6) 7.1%, 7) 6%Passage III:President Jiang Zemin said on November 16, 2000 that in the development of a "New Economy", it is essential to take advantage of the latest developments in science and technology. He made this address at the eighth informal meeting of leaders of the APEC forum. He。
河海大学出版社研究生英语学生用书课文翻译
Unit 11 The IksThe small tribe of Iks, formerly nomadic hunters and gatherers in the mountain valleys of northern Uganda, have become celebrities, literary symbols for the ultimate fate of disheartened, heartless mankind at large. Two disastrously conclusive things happened to them: the government decided to have a national park, so they were compelled by law to give up hunting in the valleys and become farmers on poor hillside soil, and then they were visited for two years by an anthropologist who detested them and wrote a book about them.小部落伊克人,曾经在乌干达北部山谷里过着狩猎和采集的游牧民族生活,已变成名人,总体来说,成了最终命运沮丧的、无情的人的人文象征。
两件具有灾难性、决定性意义的事情发生在他们身上。
政府决定建一座国家公园,所以他们依法被迫放弃在山谷里的狩猎生活,而变成贫瘠的山坡地里的农民。
之后,一个憎恶他们的人类学家访问了他们两年,并写了一本关于他们的书。
The message of the book is that the Iks have transformed themselves into an irreversibly disagreeable collection of unattached, brutish creatures, totally selfish and loveless, in response to the dismantling of their traditional culture. Moreover, this is what the rest of us are like in our inner selves, and we will all turn into Iks when the structure of our society comes all unhinged.书的主旨是说,伊克人已经将自己变成了无药可救的不友善的人渣,是独立的、野兽般的生物,完全的自私无情。