初三宾语从句教案

全方位教学辅导教案

学生张蕾性别女年级初三总课时：小时第 1 次课教学

内容

宾语从句（Object clauses)

重点

难点

掌握引导宾语从句的引导词

掌握宾语从句的语序

掌握宾语从句主句与从句时态上的呼应

教学目标掌握宾语从句的引导词：that, who, whether, if, what, how, when, where 掌握宾语从句的语序：主句+引导词+主语+谓语

掌握宾语从句主句与从句时态上的呼应

掌握宾语从句的标点

能综合运用宾语从句

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一、宾语从句的概念

句子的宾语一般由名词、代词、动名词或者动词不定式充当，当一个句子充当宾语时，我们把这个句子叫做宾语从句。

例如：I like my teacher.

I know him.

I know that Mr Li teaches English.

句子结构：主句+引导词（连接词）+宾语从句

二、宾语从句三要素

1. 引导宾语从句的连接词（从属连接词和连接代词）；

2. 宾语从句的语序；

3. 宾语从句的时态

（一）连接词（引导词）

1、连词that，只起连接作用，在从句中不作句子成分，也无词汇意义，在口语中常

被省略。

eg. He knew (that) he should work hard.

He said (that) he missed us very much.

2、连词if 、whether，它们起连接作用，在从句中不作句子成分，作“是否”解，

在口语中多用if。

eg. Tom don’t know if/whether his grandpa liked the present.

一般情况下，if 和whether可以互换，但以下3种情况只能用whether：

①在不定式前：Whether to go there or not hasn’t been decided.

②在介词前：It depends on(依靠) whether it is going to rain.

③与or not连用：They are talking about whether to go there or not.

④做主语：whether he will come is not decided.

3、连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which，连接副词when, where, why, how，它

们起连接作用，作句子成分，各有自己的意义。

eg. The teacher asked the new students which class he was in.

I wonder where he got so much money.

He asked who could answer the question.

Do you know whom they are waiting for.

Please tell me when we will have a meeting

Could you tell me how i can get to the bus station

Would you tell me why the train is late

【注意】由连接代、副词引导的宾语从句可以和“疑问词+不定式”结构转化。

eg. I don’t know how I should do with the presents. I don’t know how to do with the

presents.

练习：Can you tell me how i can get to the station?

（二）语序

宾语从句的语序都用陈述句语序，即“连接词+主语+谓语+其它成分”（正常的主谓语序）

eg：Please tell me where i can buy the beautiful flowers.

Do you know what the population of China is?

注意事项: 当从句的原句为以下句子以及what, who作主语时，语序不变，例如：What’s wrong(with you)? What’s the matter? What’s happening?

eg:I don’t know what’s the matter. Can you tell me who is over there?

练习：翻译句子完成下列宾语从句：

1. Please tell me _______________________. （我们什么时候开会）

2. Can you tell me _______________. （他在哪儿）

3. Could you tell me ______________________. （我该怎么去车站）

4. Would you tell me _________________（为什么火车迟到了）

5. I want to know _____________________. （他是否跟我们一起去公园）

6. Ask him _____________________. （他是否能来）

7. I don't know ___________________________.（是否要下雨

答案：1.Please tell me when we are going to have a meeting. （我们什么时候开

会） 2. Can you tell me where he is?（他在哪儿）

3. Could you tell me the way to the station? （我该怎么去车

站） 4. Would you tell me why the train is late?（为什么火车迟到了）

5. I want to know whether he will go to the park with us. （他是否跟我们一起去公园）

6. Ask him if he can come. （他是否能来）

7. I don't know whether it will rain (or not).（是否要下雨）

（三）、时态

1.如果主句的时态是一般现在时，宾语从句的时态根据具体情况来确定，可以是任何时态。

I don’t think (that) you are right.

Please tell us where we will go fishing tomorrow.

Do you know when Mr. Smith moved here?

2. 如果主句的时态是一般过去时，宾语从句只能用相应的过去时态（一般过去时，过去进行时，过去将来时，过去完成时）。

Eg：He told me that he was born in Beijing in 1992.

He said that he would go back to the U.S.soon.

特殊情况：

1.从句说明的是客观真理、客观事实、自然现象、名言时，仍用一般现在时。

Dad told us that it is better to do than to say.

He told the boy that three and three is six.

Could you tell me where the bookshop is.

2.从句中有具体时间状语，即使从句动作发生在主句动作前，仍然用一般过去时。

The teacher told me she was born in 1960.