小学英语语法之时态 动词的时态：

动词的时态：

英语的时态就是用动词的形式变化来表示不同时间内发生的动作或存在的状态。

小学阶段常见的时态有四种：

一．一般现在时

一般现在时通常表示经常发生的动作或存在的状态。

1.动词be的一般现在时:

意义：表示存在的状态

结构：主语+系动词be+表语+其它

例子：I am a doctor.我是一名医生。

She is a teacher.她是一名教师。

You are a clever boy.你是一个聪明的男孩。

各个人称和be（am , is , are）的搭配

人称单数复数

第一人称I am We are

第二人称You are You are

第三人称He she it is They are

我用am ，你用are ，is跟在他她它后，所有复数都用are。所有单数用is.

一般疑问句：动词be提前

He is teacher. Is he teacher? Yes, he is. No, he isn’t.

I am hungry. Are you hungry？Yes, I am. No,I’m not. They are friends. Are they are friends？Yes, they are. No, they aren’t.

否定句: 动词be后加not

He is teacher. He isn’t teacher.

I am hungry. I’m not hungry.

They are friends. They aren’t friends.

2.实义动词的一般现在时

二．一般过去时

三．现在进行时

现在进行时

现在进行时的意义：表示此时此刻正在进行的动作或事件。

结构：主语+动词be(am,is,are)+动词的现在分词（动词ing）+其他例子：I am watching TV. You are cleaning your room.

He/She/It is reading a book. We/You/They are singing.

各个人称和be（am , is , are）的搭配

人称单数复数

第一人称I am We are

第二人称You are You are

第三人称He she it is They are

我用am ，你用are ，is跟在他她它后，所有复数都用are。现在进行时的一般疑问句：动词be提前

He is singing. Is he singing? Yes, he is. No, he isn’t.

I am dancing. Are you dancing？Yes, I am. No,I’m not. They are playing chess. Are they playing chess？Yes, they are. No, they aren’t.

现在进行时的否定句: 动词be后加not

He is singing. He isn’t singing.I am dancing. I’m not dancing.

They are playing chess. They aren’t playing chess.

现在进行时的特殊疑问句

1. 根据划线部分确定疑问词，并放句首。

2. 剩下的部分变成一般疑问句，放于疑问词后。

疑问词+be+主语+现在分词+其他

He is singing. What is he doing?

I am dancing. What are you doing?

They are playing chess. What are they doing?

现在分词的构成

1.一般情况，直接在词尾加ing.

如：do-doing study- studying read-reading

2.以不发音的e结尾，去e加ing.

如：make-making dance-dancing ride-riding

3.以重读闭音节结尾，并且只有一个辅音字母的动词，要双写末尾的辅音字母，再加ing.

如：swim-swimming sit-sitting run-running

get-getting put-putting begin-beginning 四．一般将来时

一般将来时的定义：表示将来某一时刻的动作，状态以及打算。

现在进行时的结构：主语+be(am,is,are) going to+动词原形+其他

例子：I am going to watch TV at 7:00.

主语+will+动词原形+其他

例子：I will miss you .

时间状语：tomorrow明天soon 不久next week 下一周this weekend这个周末等词.