大学英语语法第二十二讲省略

第二十二讲

省略

一、不用替代词的省略

1 . 主语

Don..t eat more than(what ) is good for you .

I have done more than(what) is required .

( It ) Seems easy .

( It ) Sounds funny .

( It ) Looks like they are okay .

( He)Who breaks pays . 谁打破的谁赔。

2 . 主语和部分谓语

While ready to help her ( = While I was ready to help her ) , I didn..t know what she wanted .

I met the girl while on a visit to Guangzhou( = While I was on a visit to Guangzhou) .

( It is) My mistake .

( It is) Very kind of you to help me .

I shall go there if ( it is) possible .

3 . 助动词

(Do) You understand ?

( Have) Children done their homework ?

4 . There(be)

( There..s) Nothing wrong .

( Is there)Anything I can do for you ?

5 . 主语+ 动词+ 宾语

A: To whom did you lend the book ?

B: To John . ( I lent the book)

6 . 名词短语的中心词

An hour in the morning is worth two( hours) in the evening . 一日之计在于晨。

He was always the first (man) to come and the last(man) to leave . 他总是到得最早, 离

开最晚。

7 . 所有格后面的名词

Mary..s( dress) is a beautiful dress .

He stayed in his uncle..s( house) during the summer vacation .

8 . 冠词

1)两个名词并列时, 第二个名词前的冠词常可省略

Both the old and ( the ) young took part in the singing competition .

Is the baby a boy or ( a) girl ? 婴儿是男是女?

2)名词作同位语时, 其前的定冠词常可省略

War hero Douglas Bader has come .

The conference was held in Beijing, capital o f China .

大学英语语法———讲座与测试(第二版)

803 一、不用替代词的省略

As owner and editor o f the Pennsylvania Gazette, Benjamin Franklin made the periodical popular .

3)报刊标题

Restaurant Fire Disaster

4)小型广告

2nd fl flt in mod blk close West End, dble recep(A second floor flat in a modern block

close to the West End with a double reception room . . .)

5)购物单

Cleaner..s: collect clothes 取衣服

Supermarket: eggs , sugar, salt , wine 超级市场: 售鸡蛋、糖、盐、酒

6)注解

Causes of 1st World War : massive re-armament . . .

7)通知, 告示

( The) Flat ( is) on sale . 公寓出售。

( The) Lift ( is) out of order . 电梯故障。

8)说明、释义

Cut along dotted line .

pen: long thin object to write in ink

Frame 车架(箭头所指)

9)书名

( An) Outline of American History 美国史提纲

9 . 并列结构中的同等句子成分

Peter likes (Mary) , but John hates Mary .

Jim came at eight but Henry ( came ) at nine .

I like her more than ( I like) him .

I noticed how the teacher asked the questions and ( how) they were answered .

To some life is pleasure, and to others( life is) suffering .

You may go by land or( by) water .

It is a matter of life and( of ) death . 那是一件生死攸关的事。

It doesn..t matter whether he is for( the plan) or against the plan .

.. 但:Does he prefer travelling by night or by day ? ( by 不可省, 表示的是两个不同的观念) 10 . 关系代词或关系副词

1)作主语的省略

(1)在以it , that , here, there 起首的句子中。例如:

It wasn..t I( that) told her the news .

That..s a thing( that , which) might happen to any man .

Who is it ( that) took away my pen ?

There was a girl ( who, that ) wanted to see you .

Here are the students ( that , who) called on you yesterday .

We are acquaintances, and that..s all ( that ) there..s to it .

It is he himself ( that ) is hunted down .