论我国异质人工授精子女的法律地位

论我国异质人工授精子女的法律地位

摘要：在21世纪的今天，经济的发展带动着人工生殖技术的进步,因而社会想法、生殖方法和法律体制的传统模式遭到了很大的挑衅。异质人工授精是治疗男性不育症的重要手段，这一技术给无数家庭带来了希望，同时，它也引起了许多法律、伦理道德和一系列社会问题，冲击着传统的亲子观念。因此，我们应健全法制体系，让人工授精技术施展对社会有利的作用。对于如何确定AID子女的法律地位，如何保护他们的合法权利和利益，是我们必须重视和特别关注的问题。深入研究异质人工授精所生子女的法律地位，有利于我国对于人工生殖技术领域的立法，使之与该技术相适应，而且也有利于完善和发展我国婚姻法和继承法。本文运用价值分析、比较研究、文献检索等方法研究我国异质人工授精所生子女法律地位，分析我国异质人工授精相关的法律和伦理问题，并从以下三方面提出立法构想：一是立法原则，二是立法形式，三是具体规则。从而发展和完善我国关于异质人工授精技术的立法，切实保障异质人工授精所生子女的法律地位和权益。

关键词：异质人工授精; 子女法律地位; 伦理问题

On Legal Status of Children of Artificial Insemination of Heterogeneity

Abstract: In recent years, the rapid development of artificial reproductive technology, the traditional human reproduction, social concept and legal system has been a great challenge. Artificial insemination heterogeneity is an important means for the treatment of male infertility, this technology has brought hope to millions of families, at the same time, it also caused a lot of legal, ethical and a series of social problems, the impact of the traditional concept of family.

Therefore, we should establish and improve the legal system to regulate the ethical boundaries, social scale, the artificial insemination technology play a more active role, to avoid its negative effects. For children born of artificial insemination to identify heterogeneous legal status, how to protect their legitimate rights and interests, is the focus and difficult problem in the research of life science. To study the legal status of children of artificial insemination of heterogeneity, is advantageous in our country for the technical field of artificial reproductive law, adapting it to the technology, but also conducive to the improvement and development of China's marriage law and inheritance law. In this paper, the use of value analysis, comparative study, literature retrieval method research of China's heterogeneous artificial insemination children legal status, analysis of China's heterogeneous artificial insemination related legal and ethical issues, and puts forward legislative suggestions from the following three aspects: one is the principle of legislation, the two is the legislative form, the three is the specific rules. In order to develop and perfect our country's legislation on heterogeneous artificial insemination technology, effectively protect the heterogeneity artificial insemination children's legal status and rights and interests.

Key Words：Artificial insemination heterogeneity; The legal status of children; ethical issues

一、前言

随着社会经济的发展，人工生殖技术也有了很大的发展，该技术是一把“双刃剑”，它作为治疗男子不育症的技术被广泛应用，一方面给了那些不孕不育夫妇希望，另一方面也冲击着传统的生育规律，打乱了传统的亲子观念和家庭观念。因为没有了生育和性行为的结合，因此有了知道母亲不知道父亲的现象，这在给人们带来希望的同时，也挑战着人类的生活，引起许多的社会、伦理、道德、婚