人教版高中语法：主谓一致讲解

人教版高中语法主谓一致讲解

一、语法一致原则

即主语为单数，谓语用单数，主语为复数，谓语也用复数.

1.单数主语即使后面带有with，along with，,together with，,like（象），but（除了），except，besides, as well as, rather than(而不是),including, in addition to引导的短语，谓语动词仍用单数.

Air as well as water is matter

No one except two servants was late for the dinner.

2.用and连接的并列主语，如果主语是同一个人，同一事，同一概念，谓语动词用单数，否则用复数.

The poet and writer has come.

To go to bed early and to rise early is a good habit .

A hammer and a saw are useful tools.

用and连接的成对名词习惯上被看成是一个整体，如：bread and butter（黄油抹面包），knife and fork(刀叉）等作主语时，谓语动词用单数。

3.不定式（短语），动名词（短语），或从句作主语时，谓语动词用单数.如：Serving the people is my great happiness.

When we’ll go out for an outing has been decided.

4.疑问代词或连接代词who/what/which 或all，most等

作主语或引起从句作主语时；谓语动词的数看其所指代的人或物的数而定.

①What he said is true 他说的是实话。

②What he left me are but a few old books.

③Which is your room? ④ Which are your rooms?

⑤All that should be done has been done. ⑥ All are present.

5.用连接的并列主语被each，every或，no修饰时，谓语动词用单数.

Every boy and(every)girl likes to go swimming. 每个男孩和每个女孩都喜欢去游泳

No teacher and no student was absent from the meeting .没有老师也没有学生开会缺席.

Many a boy and many a girl is going to attend the competition.

6.each of +复数代词，谓语动词用单数复数代词+each，谓语动词用复数如：Each of us, has something to say. We each have a book.

7 若主语中投more than one 或many a/an, 尽管从意义上看是复数，但它的谓语动词仍用单数。

单more+复数名词+than one 做主语时，谓语动词仍用

复数. 如：

Many a boy likes playing basketball. More than one student was late. More persons than one come to help us.

8. none 做主语时，谓语动词可用单数，也可用复数；但在代表不可数的东西时总是看作单数，因而谓语动词要用单数，如：

None of us are (is)perfect None of this worries me

all 指人时，谓语用复数，指物时，谓语用单数

All are present and all is going on well now.

9. 名词如：trousers, scissors, clothes, goods, glasses等作主语时，谓语动词必须用复数.如：His clothes are good.

但这些名词前若出现a pair of, 谓语一般用单数 .如：

A pair of glasses is on the desk.

10. 形复意单名词如：news;

以ics 结尾的学科名称如：physics, mathmatics, economics:

国名如：the United States:

报纸名如：the New Times:

书名如：Arabian Night <天方夜谭>

以及The United Nations<联合国> 等作主语时，谓语动

词用单数。

11.以-s结尾的群岛、海峡、山脉等名词作主语，谓语常用复数。如：

The rocky mountains stand in the west of north America。落基山脉坐落在北美州西部。

12. sheep,means 单复数同形，谓语动词由前面的修饰词决定

Every means has been used to test the truth of the fact.

All means have been used to test the truth of the fact so far.

二、内容一致原则

1.part/number/half/rest/quantity 等有时作单数看待，有时做复数看待，根据意思决定。如：

①A number of parents have arrived。

②The number of parents present is 50.

③A large part of the texts are original works。课文中很大一部分是原著。

④A large part of the country is desert。

⑤The rest of the trees are left to grow taller。

⑥The rest of his life was in prison。

7)A large quantity of water is needed/

A large quantity of books are needed。