中国人的性格
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中国人的性格
• The Chinese remind one of the English in their love of compromise and in their habit of bowing to public opinion. Seldom is a conflict pushed to its ultimate brutal issue. The treatment of the Manchu Emperor may be taken as a case in point. When a Western country becomes a Republic, it is customary to cut off the head of the deposed monarch, or at least to cause him to fly the country. But the Chinese have left the Emperor his title, his beautiful palace, his troops of eunuchs, and an income of several million dollars a year. He is a boy of sixteen, living peaceably in the Forbidden City. Once, in the course of a civil war, he was nominally restored to power for a few days; but he was deposed again, without being in any way punished for the use to which he had been put.
•
China is much less a political entity than a civilization--the only one that has survived from ancient times. Since the days of Confucius, the Egyptian, Babylonian, Persian, Macedonian, and Roman Empires have perished; but China has persisted through a continuous evolution. There have been foreign influences--first Buddhism, and now Western science. But Buddhism did not turn the Chinese into Indians, and Western science will not turn them into Europeans. I have met men in China who knew as much of Western learning as any professor among ourselves; yet they had not been thrown off their balance, or lost touch with their own people. What is bad in the West--its brutality, its restlessness, its readiness to oppress the weak, its preoccupation with purely material aims--they see to be bad, and do not wish to adopt. What is good, especially its science, they do wish to adopt.
迄今为止，我主要谈到中国人性格中的闪光点，当然， 正如其他国家一样，中国人也有缺点。由于我受到中国人 的礼遇，感受到他们发自内心的友好，因此我不愿提及这 些不好的方面，而是更倾向于他们身上美好的品质。但为 了中国着想，为了真理考虑，隐瞒那些不值得赞扬的方面 是不恰当的。我想让读者知道，在我去过的所有国家中， 中国是最好的一个。并且我要草拟一份指控书，控诉西方 强国。在我离开中国的不久前，一位知名作家竭力要我说 出中国人的不足之处。我勉强提了三点：贪婪，怯懦和冷 漠。奇怪地是，与我交谈的那位作家不但没有生气，反而 认为我的评判很中肯，并继续和我讨论可行的补救办法。 这体现了中国知识分子的正直，这也是中国人最大的美德 之一。
与其说中国是一个政治实体，更不如说是一个文明实 体，中国也是唯一一个从古代保留下来的国家。自孔子时 代始，古埃及，古巴比伦，古波斯，马其顿，罗马帝国都 灭亡了；而中国在不断的演变中传承了下来。中国受过外 来文化的影响，起初是佛教，近来是西方科学。但佛教没 有把中国人变成印度人，西方科学也不会把中国人变成欧 洲人。我接触过一些中国人，他们对西方知识的了解，完 全不亚于我们中间的任何一位学者，然而他们并没有失去 这种“平衡”，换言之，没有脱离本国人民。西方文化中 的糟粕，比如残忍，浮躁，倾向于欺压弱小，充斥着物欲 的观念，中国人认识到这些不足，并且摒弃它们。那些精 华，特别是科学，他们迫切地希望去引进。
• Once, in the course of civil war, he was nominally restored to power for a few days; 在张勋复辟中，他名义上恢复了权力，虽 然仅仅只有几天 • what is good, especially its science,they do wish to adopt. 那些精华，特别是科学，他们迫切地希望 引进。 ---
• an eminent Chinese writer pressed me to say what I considered the chief defects of the Chinese
一位知名作家竭力要我说出中国人主要的不 足之处
闪光点
• ...in their love of compromise and in their habit of bowing to public opinion. 他们易于妥协，习惯于随波逐流，遵从主 流论调。 • China is much less a political entity than a civilization与其说中国是一个政治实体，更不如说是 一个文明实体， ---
中国人让人想起这类英国人，他们易于妥协， 习惯于随波逐流，遵从主流论调。即便有了观念 上的冲突，也不会一发不可收拾。从清朝末代皇 帝所受待遇就可略见一斑。西方国家进入共和国 时期时，被推翻的君主，按惯例，要被砍头，或 至少会被流放海外。但中国人不仅保留了溥仪皇 帝的头衔，华丽的宫殿，还有服侍的太监们，并 且他还享有数百万美元的年饷。溥仪是个刚刚十 六岁的少年，平静地生活在紫禁城里。在张勋复 辟中，他名义上恢复了权力，虽然仅仅只有几天。 但当他再次被推翻，并没有因被人利用而受到惩 罚。
• I have met men in China who knew as much of Western learning as any professor among ourselves; 我接触过一些中国人，他们对西方知识的了解， 完全不亚于我们中间的任何一位学者； • so far, I have spoken chiefly of the good sides of the Chinese character; 迄今为止，我主要谈到中国人性格中的闪光点 --
困难和困惑
• The treatment of Manchu Emperpor may taken as case in point. Manchu??? ►满族 ►满洲 ►清朝末代 历史背景
• When a Western country becomes a republic, it is customary to cut off the head of the deposed monarch,or at least to cause him to fly the country.
•
So far, I have spoken chiefly of the good sides of the Chinese character; but of course China, like every other nation, has its bad sides also. It is disagreeable to me to speak of these, as I experienced so much courtesy and real kindness from the Chinese, that I should prefer to say only nice things about them. But for the sake of China, as well as for the sake of truth, it would be a mistake to conceal what is less admirable. I will only ask the reader to remember that, on the balance, I think the Chinese one of the best nations I have come across, and am prepared to draw up a graver indictment against every one of the Great Powers. Shortly before I left China, an eminent Chinese writer pressed me to say what I considered the chief defects of the Chinese. With some reluctance, I mentioned three: avarice, cowardice and callousness. Strange to say, my interlocutor, instead of getting angry, admitted the justice of my criticism, and proceeded to discuss possible remedies. This is a sample of the intellectual integrity which is one of China's greatest virtues.
banlance???
• -its brutality,its restlessness,its readiness to oppress the weak, it preoccupation with purely material aims-
比如残忍，浮躁，倾向于欺压弱小，充斥 着物欲的uch courtesy and real kindness from Chinese 由于我受到中国人的礼遇，感受到他们发 自内心的友好
a Western country??? ►一个西方国家 ►西方国家 泛指 逻辑关系 轻则... 重则... 或至少
• but China has persisted through a continous evolution. persisted??? ►传承 ►保留 搭配 中华文明 中国
• yet they had not been thrown off their banlance, or lost touch with their people • I will only ask the reader to remeberthat, on the balance, I think Chinese one of the best nations I have come across,
• The Chinese remind one of the English in their love of compromise and in their habit of bowing to public opinion. Seldom is a conflict pushed to its ultimate brutal issue. The treatment of the Manchu Emperor may be taken as a case in point. When a Western country becomes a Republic, it is customary to cut off the head of the deposed monarch, or at least to cause him to fly the country. But the Chinese have left the Emperor his title, his beautiful palace, his troops of eunuchs, and an income of several million dollars a year. He is a boy of sixteen, living peaceably in the Forbidden City. Once, in the course of a civil war, he was nominally restored to power for a few days; but he was deposed again, without being in any way punished for the use to which he had been put.
•
China is much less a political entity than a civilization--the only one that has survived from ancient times. Since the days of Confucius, the Egyptian, Babylonian, Persian, Macedonian, and Roman Empires have perished; but China has persisted through a continuous evolution. There have been foreign influences--first Buddhism, and now Western science. But Buddhism did not turn the Chinese into Indians, and Western science will not turn them into Europeans. I have met men in China who knew as much of Western learning as any professor among ourselves; yet they had not been thrown off their balance, or lost touch with their own people. What is bad in the West--its brutality, its restlessness, its readiness to oppress the weak, its preoccupation with purely material aims--they see to be bad, and do not wish to adopt. What is good, especially its science, they do wish to adopt.
迄今为止，我主要谈到中国人性格中的闪光点，当然， 正如其他国家一样，中国人也有缺点。由于我受到中国人 的礼遇，感受到他们发自内心的友好，因此我不愿提及这 些不好的方面，而是更倾向于他们身上美好的品质。但为 了中国着想，为了真理考虑，隐瞒那些不值得赞扬的方面 是不恰当的。我想让读者知道，在我去过的所有国家中， 中国是最好的一个。并且我要草拟一份指控书，控诉西方 强国。在我离开中国的不久前，一位知名作家竭力要我说 出中国人的不足之处。我勉强提了三点：贪婪，怯懦和冷 漠。奇怪地是，与我交谈的那位作家不但没有生气，反而 认为我的评判很中肯，并继续和我讨论可行的补救办法。 这体现了中国知识分子的正直，这也是中国人最大的美德 之一。
与其说中国是一个政治实体，更不如说是一个文明实 体，中国也是唯一一个从古代保留下来的国家。自孔子时 代始，古埃及，古巴比伦，古波斯，马其顿，罗马帝国都 灭亡了；而中国在不断的演变中传承了下来。中国受过外 来文化的影响，起初是佛教，近来是西方科学。但佛教没 有把中国人变成印度人，西方科学也不会把中国人变成欧 洲人。我接触过一些中国人，他们对西方知识的了解，完 全不亚于我们中间的任何一位学者，然而他们并没有失去 这种“平衡”，换言之，没有脱离本国人民。西方文化中 的糟粕，比如残忍，浮躁，倾向于欺压弱小，充斥着物欲 的观念，中国人认识到这些不足，并且摒弃它们。那些精 华，特别是科学，他们迫切地希望去引进。
• Once, in the course of civil war, he was nominally restored to power for a few days; 在张勋复辟中，他名义上恢复了权力，虽 然仅仅只有几天 • what is good, especially its science,they do wish to adopt. 那些精华，特别是科学，他们迫切地希望 引进。 ---
• an eminent Chinese writer pressed me to say what I considered the chief defects of the Chinese
一位知名作家竭力要我说出中国人主要的不 足之处
闪光点
• ...in their love of compromise and in their habit of bowing to public opinion. 他们易于妥协，习惯于随波逐流，遵从主 流论调。 • China is much less a political entity than a civilization与其说中国是一个政治实体，更不如说是 一个文明实体， ---
中国人让人想起这类英国人，他们易于妥协， 习惯于随波逐流，遵从主流论调。即便有了观念 上的冲突，也不会一发不可收拾。从清朝末代皇 帝所受待遇就可略见一斑。西方国家进入共和国 时期时，被推翻的君主，按惯例，要被砍头，或 至少会被流放海外。但中国人不仅保留了溥仪皇 帝的头衔，华丽的宫殿，还有服侍的太监们，并 且他还享有数百万美元的年饷。溥仪是个刚刚十 六岁的少年，平静地生活在紫禁城里。在张勋复 辟中，他名义上恢复了权力，虽然仅仅只有几天。 但当他再次被推翻，并没有因被人利用而受到惩 罚。
• I have met men in China who knew as much of Western learning as any professor among ourselves; 我接触过一些中国人，他们对西方知识的了解， 完全不亚于我们中间的任何一位学者； • so far, I have spoken chiefly of the good sides of the Chinese character; 迄今为止，我主要谈到中国人性格中的闪光点 --
困难和困惑
• The treatment of Manchu Emperpor may taken as case in point. Manchu??? ►满族 ►满洲 ►清朝末代 历史背景
• When a Western country becomes a republic, it is customary to cut off the head of the deposed monarch,or at least to cause him to fly the country.
•
So far, I have spoken chiefly of the good sides of the Chinese character; but of course China, like every other nation, has its bad sides also. It is disagreeable to me to speak of these, as I experienced so much courtesy and real kindness from the Chinese, that I should prefer to say only nice things about them. But for the sake of China, as well as for the sake of truth, it would be a mistake to conceal what is less admirable. I will only ask the reader to remember that, on the balance, I think the Chinese one of the best nations I have come across, and am prepared to draw up a graver indictment against every one of the Great Powers. Shortly before I left China, an eminent Chinese writer pressed me to say what I considered the chief defects of the Chinese. With some reluctance, I mentioned three: avarice, cowardice and callousness. Strange to say, my interlocutor, instead of getting angry, admitted the justice of my criticism, and proceeded to discuss possible remedies. This is a sample of the intellectual integrity which is one of China's greatest virtues.
banlance???
• -its brutality,its restlessness,its readiness to oppress the weak, it preoccupation with purely material aims-
比如残忍，浮躁，倾向于欺压弱小，充斥 着物欲的uch courtesy and real kindness from Chinese 由于我受到中国人的礼遇，感受到他们发 自内心的友好
a Western country??? ►一个西方国家 ►西方国家 泛指 逻辑关系 轻则... 重则... 或至少
• but China has persisted through a continous evolution. persisted??? ►传承 ►保留 搭配 中华文明 中国
• yet they had not been thrown off their banlance, or lost touch with their people • I will only ask the reader to remeberthat, on the balance, I think Chinese one of the best nations I have come across,